TWI342779B - Nutritional formula for optimal gut barrier function - Google Patents
Nutritional formula for optimal gut barrier function Download PDFInfo
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- TWI342779B TWI342779B TW093118101A TW93118101A TWI342779B TW I342779 B TWI342779 B TW I342779B TW 093118101 A TW093118101 A TW 093118101A TW 93118101 A TW93118101 A TW 93118101A TW I342779 B TWI342779 B TW I342779B
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- bifidobacterium
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Landscapes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Description
1342779 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於誘導類似於用母乳餵養所觀察到 的腸道屏障成熟模型之組合物,並且,舉例而言該組人 物在新生兒刺激期間能促進腸道屏障成熟。特定言之^ 發明係關於-種嬰兒調配物,其含有設計用於提供有協同 增強胃腸道全程效應和屏障功能之特定成分之組合物。 【先前技術】 於出生後發育期間,新生兒腸道要經歷一段成熟過程, 最後以針對大分子和病原菌之功能性屏障之建立而終止。 适一現象稱爲腸道閉鎖,並且似乎受膳食之影響,因此, 用嬰兒模型(JPGN,1995,21 : 383_6)和動物 _ (pediatr
Res’ 1990, 28 : 31-7)所做之不同研究顯示了屏障之成熟在 母乳餵養之新生兒中要比在調配物餵養的新生兒中快。這 可以解釋過敏和感染在用調配物餵養之嬰兒中要比在用母 乳餵養嬰兒中更盛行之原因。 相當多之不同機制使這一屏障一體化,這些機制可協同 作用保護宿主免受細胞腔内侵襲。第一道屏障存在於腸上 皮細胞上,係由蛋白複合體,諸如緊密連接封固在一起之 連續單層柱狀上皮細胞。第二道屏障為非特異性屏障,由 保護黏膜表面如唾液、胃酸度' 粘液層、蛋白水解消化、 腸道鹼性pH值、未攪動層和腸蠕動之機制組成。腸道免疫 系統(GALT)能夠選擇性並特異性地對外來分子和病原微生 物起反應。最後,亦同等重要之屏障為腸道菌群,直接、 94245.doc •6· 1342779 1接保遵伟主免受病原體和具有抗原特性的大分子侵入。 而且,例如由於抗生素治療、疾病或外科手術引起之物 理應激以及由於,例如住院治療或與母親長期隔離誘導之 精神應激,早產兒群體中常見情況,可以進—步削弱腸道 屏障成热、延遲腸道閉鎖。因此,細菌群已經顯示出可以 影響腸道屏障(黏膜層,緊密連接)不同機制之狀態,而且物 理和精神應激與增加對大分子、小溶質和細菌之滲透性有 關。 此項技術建議了幾種促進嬰兒腸道屏障功能或胃腸道徤 康之方法。例如,在美國專利第613271〇號中,將純化唾液 礼酸菌(Lactobacillus salivarius)和植物乳桿菌(Lact〇baciUus plantarum)投與早產兒以預防由黏膜組織感染和炎症引發之 損傷,尤其藉由鼻胃施用可預防新生兒壞死性小腸結腸炎 之胃腸道組織損傷。 而且,日本專利第5030942號提供了 一種含有乳狀脂肪球 黏膜(milk fat globule membrane)(MFGM)之活性組分之脾 食與飲料,該膳食與飲料可控制通過腸管之高分子物質諸 如蛋白之滲透性《其亦可用於預防和治療食物過敏性疾病。 關於腸道屏障免疫性,WO 9700078提供了 一種蛋白水解 產物,用於下調超敏性反應並促進腸道免疫屏障,其藉由 以下物質水解蛋白而得到:(a)來源於含有胃腸道益生菌和 (ii)類似於乳酸菌GG蛋白酶之蛋白酶體系之製劑之酶,以及 (b)胃蛋白酶(pepsin)和/或胰蛋白酶(trypsin)。 儘管那些微生物或成分對於服用其之個體很有可能產生 94245.doc 1342779 有益效應’但是其缺點在於該等微生物或成分僅在腸道有 限部位和腸道屏障之個別機制中發揮效應。 因此’本發明之目標係關於在服用調配物期間消除先前 技術之缺點並提供促進腸道屏障不同機制以及在調配物餵 養的期間腸道全長同時成熟之改良方法,以誘導類似於用 母乳傲養所觀察到之腸道屏障成熟模型。 【發明内容】 在產生本發明之研究期間,本發明者觀察到一種預料之 外的效應,暗示上述目標可藉由提供生物活性成分之特定 組合物而得以解決,該活性成分與能夠在腸道全程傳送至 少一種該等成分之微生物有關。 这些成分之特定組合物包括至少一種選自由特定脂肪 (神經節苦脂(gangliosides),lc_PUFAs)或非消化性酿類諸 如寡糖所組成之群之物質。 本發明之特定微生物可作為該組合物之部分,用於將促 進腸道屏障成熟之該等物f傳送到達胃腸道的料部位。 該微生物在胃腸道不同部位其生存能力不3,可被併入混 β物中。一些該等物質可被加入到微生物混合物中以便藉 由刺激屏障機制之絲而增強其效應,該屏障機制與藉^ 微生物刺激之屏障機制不同。 廷些成分之組合物可包含於早產兒調配物和嬰兒調配物 中,其藉錢進屏障成熟可降低祕和感染發生之風險。 因此,如本發明,一種設計用於促進嬰兒腸道屏障成熟 和屏障功能最佳化之營養調配物包括一種與至少一種微生 94245.doc 1342779 物相結合的上述成分之組合物,其補充之量足以有效誘導 —種類似於用母乳餵養所觀察到之腸道屏障成熟模型。 本發明之另一目標係關於應用此類特定成分之組合物促 進嬰兒腸道屏障成熟和屏障功能,因此減小過敏和感染發 生之風險。 在另一具體實施例令,本發明係關於該等成分在促進健 康嬰兒和那些經受物理應激和精神應激之嬰兒在哺乳期間 腸道屏障之恆定性中之應用。 最後一方面,本發明提供了一種促進嬰兒腸道屏障成熟 和屏障功能最佳化之方法,包括投與個體至少一種選自由 特定脂肪或非消化性寡糖所組成之群之成分之組合物之步 驟’該等成分與至少一種微生物相關。 【實施方式】 在以下敍述中’ ”低出生體重調配物"一詞意指特定設計 用於餵養低出生體重兒之調配物。低出生體重兒被定義為 出生時體重低於2500克之嬰兒。該種嬰兒或為"早產"兒(亦 即在妊娠37週前出生)或為”妊娠到期但體重輕之嬰兒"(亦 即在妊娠第37週和41週之間出生但胎兒顯示出在子宮内生 長停滯)。低出生體重調配物在可以進行腸飼時即可應用, 直至低出生體重兒體重增到類似於妊娠期滿胎兒之體重 (2 5 00克-4000克)或進一步應用幾週直至體重達到5〇〇〇克。 "初生兒調配物”一詞意指特定設計用於在嬰兒出生第4 至6個月辕養嬰兒並滿足其全部營養需求之調配物。 如第一方面’以下物質可能為能在調配物餵養期間促進 94245.doc 1342779 腸道全長之屏障成熟之組合物之部分: -非消化性聽類,諸如果寡糖(fructo-oligosaccharides) (FOS)、半乳寡糖(galacto-oligosaccharides)(GOS)、菊糖 (inulin)、阿拉伯膠(Arabic gum)、木募糖(xyl〇-oligosaccharides)、抗性殿粉(resistant starch)及其類似 物,和 -LC-PUFA,諸如花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid)(AA)或二十 二碳六稀酸(docosahexanoic acid)(DHA)和視需要之 -人乳募糖,諸如唾液酸乳糖(sialyllactose)和/或 -神經節苷脂諸如那些來源於水牛乳汁之脱乳糖乳清 (delactosedwhey)中含有之物質,和/或 -牛奶或初乳部分,諸如酸析路蛋白(acid casein)、凝乳酶 酪蛋白(rennet casein)或微胞酪蛋白(micellar casein)、酸 乳清(acid whey)、甜乳清(sweet whey)或奥托拉乳清(uitra whey)、脂肪球膜及其類似物,和/或 -超水解蛋白’諸如那些從乳清蛋白水解中得到之物質, 和/或 -多元胺諸如精胺(spermine)或亞精胺(spermidine)和/或— 或多種多元胺前驅物,尤其為鳥氨酸和精氨酸。 較佳地’非消化性醣類可能選自由果寡糖、半乳寡糖、 唾液酸养糖、木寡糖、菊糖、阿拉伯膠 '關華豆膠、抗性 殿粉和/或乳汁源性寡糖所組成之群,並且可被加入到微生 物混合物中。一或多種此等物質可被應用總劑量為約〇 Μ 至5克/100毫升’較佳者克/1〇〇毫升。亦可用兩種或多 94245.doc -10· 1342779 種醣之混合物’每種醣在醣類混合物中之範圍介於5。/〇至 95%之間。 較佳地,也可應用特定脂質。例如,有效量之至少一種 n-6多不飽和脂肪酸與至少一種n-3多不飽和脂肪酸之組合 物,諸如C20或C22 n-6脂肪酸和一種C20或C22 n-3脂肪酸 組合。C20或C22 n-6脂肪酸存在總量佔組合物所有脂肪酸 重量在約0.01%至約6.0%重量比,較佳總量為〇.1%至1%重 量比。C20或C22 n-3脂肪酸包含總量佔組合物所有脂肪酸 重量在約0.01 %至約6.0%重量比,較佳總量為〇 1 %至^ %重 量比。較佳地,本發明中應用之n_6多不飽和脂肪酸係花生 四稀I (AA,C20:4 n-6),n-3多不飽和脂肪酸係二十二碳六 烯酸(DHA,C22:6,n-3)。AA : DHA有效比率為約1:1至 2,5:1,較佳者1:1至2:卜LC_PUFA之來源可以為雞蛋脂質、 真菌油、低一十碳五稀酸魚油、海藻油等。 第二類脂質神經節苷脂,亦可被加入成分組合物中,例 如其里為約1至20微莫爾/升調配物,較佳者6至15微莫爾/ 升。神經節苷脂之來源可以為乳牛之乳汁、乳牛之初乳, 但較佳為水牛之乳汁、乳清或初乳、山羊乳汁、初乳或乳 清和/或任一種之衍生物。 該組合物也可含有多元胺,尤其為亞精胺、精胺或腐胺 (putrescine)和/或一或多種多元胺前驅物,尤其為鳥氨酸和 精氨酸。其制之量為約1()至2,_微克/刚克固體調配 物。多it胺較佳為至少兩種或多種選自由精胺、亞精胺' 腐胺和屍胺(e—e)所組成之群。較佳地該組合物包括 94245.doc 1342779 大約10-90%之精胺、ι〇-90%之亞精胺、〇 9〇%之腐胺和 0-20%之屍胺。 較佳地,乳汁部分(富含生長因子)可以為,舉例而言, 脂肪球膜蛋白、酸析酪蛋白、凝乳酶酪蛋白或胶質酪蛋白、 酸乳清、甜乳清或奥托拉乳清、乳清蛋白水解物形式。其 應用之量為約0.01至7克/100毫升調配物,較佳者〇5至3克 /100毫升。 如另-方面’任一種或幾種前述物質可以與微生物相結 合’作為輸送劑。 應用之微生物含有至少一種物質,其在特定部位釋放將 對屏障成#產生有益效應。被制之微生物可以經過特定 。又汁、處理或修飾以碎保其在特定部位釋放。 特定輸送到小腸之實例為,例如,可與宿絲膜層、叢 生病原菌在局部相互反應並藉由黏膜冲洗物質便與其排泄 之物質’例如與大分子複合可降低其滲透能力之物質,例 如有消化病原菌毒性因子(諸如腸毒素(咖⑽。Xins))特性 之酶。輸送到結腸之實例為’例如有解毒特性之物質,有 控制特定料部分運_式潛力之物質,㈣㈣道細胞 分化潛力之物質,諸如多元胺,有增加固有免疫力潛力之 物質或有恢復黏膜層完整性潛力之物質。 爲了提供一種含有一-V ^ - ^種或多種所需物質之微生物,可以 擇4何内在表達5亥等物質之微生物。因爲該微生物被設 計用於釋放其細胞内物質包含腸道特;t部位之有益物質, 因此不需要將該物質分泌入環境中。與此相反,如本發明 94245.doc •12· 1342779 該物質將大量存在於預定部位,因爲基本上所有被利用之 微生物將在該部位裂解並釋放該物質。爲了這一目的,可 藉由適於將該物質傳送到希望之特定腸道部位之方式,視 需要對已經含有各自物質之相應微生物進行預處理,並投 與接受者’隨之它們端視預處理方法而在腸道各個部位裂 解。 與益生菌之普遍應用相比,一個較大優點為,其中有益 物質主要藉由分泌入環境中而釋放。如本發明被利用之微 生物當到達指定裂解之特定腸道區域時將基本上同時釋放 所有有用之載送物質。此外,可以更恰當地控制傳送給服 用者之相應物質之量,因爲投與被應用之微生物之量一 定’並且其所需物質之含量已基本上熟知。 爲了增加藉由微生物傳送之該等物質之量,可以應用常 用技術’諸如應用特殊發酵條件或對微生物本身進行遺傳 修飾,例如藉由使微生物經受隨機突變選擇表達大量需要 物質之突變物β而且,亦可應用重組方法,其中内源性基 因之表達可増加,其係藉由將相應基因與比内源性啓動子 更強之啓動子聯接在一起,或藉由將基因或編碼所需物質 之基因插入微生物質體上或其染色體中,視需要連接一個 可以啓動所需基因表達之強啓動子,以使重組微生物含有 更多量的希望得到之物質。 端視預處理的特性和時間,可以確定微生物之耐性,亦 即它在胃腸道之存活力,可能的傳送部位為胃、十二指腸、 空腸、迴腸或結腸。被加入本調配物之微生物係由乳酸桿 94245.doc -13- 1342779
菌、雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacteria)、鏈球菌、片球菌(Pedi〇c〇cd)、 腸球囷、乳球菌、依諾球囷(Oenococci)、葡萄球菌 (Staphylococci)、類菌體(Bacteroides)、酵母菌或其混合物。 此等微生物之較佳實例為Bad 4,B128,B129,強索尼乳酸 桿菌(Lactobacillus jonhsonii)或衍酪蛋白乳酸桿菌STU,所 有這些實例可從儲存所登記號分別為CNCM 1-2168、CNCM 1-2169、CNCM 1-2170、CNCM I -1225和 CNCM 1-2116 免费 獲得。還有’也可用嗜熱性鏈球菌(TH4)或乳酸雙歧桿菌 (Bbl2(ATCC27536))。這些係由 Hansen(Chr. Hansen A/S, 10-12 Boege Alle > P.O.Box 407 « DK-2970 Hoersholm « Danemark)提供。亦可應用長雙歧桿菌BB536(由Μ〇Ηη^ 提供)。 一旦一種微生物已經被選出並視需要經過預處理,該微 生物可以作為一種冷凍乾燥或喷霧乾燥得到之粉劑形式包 3於低出生體重兒調配物、初生兒調配物或較大嬰兒調配 物、或嬰兒膳食中,端視被傳送物質之特性和各種微生物 中含有該物質之量,其含量為例如1〇5至1〇π集落形成單位 /100 克。 上述成分以能被消費者接受之產品形式便於服用,諸如 易'肖化栽體或支持物。此等載體或支持物之實例為醫藥組 合2或膳食性或寵物膳食性組合物。此等組合物之非限制 性實例為乳汁、酸奶酪、凝乳、+酪、發酵牛奶、乳汁源 性發酵產品、發酵縠類產品、乳汁粉末、嬰兒調配物、液 心”田菌懸〉予液、#水口服補充品、濕式口服補充品、無水 94245.doc • 14· 1342779 或濕式管灌膳食。 營養組合物較佳為完 一瑩卷调B* I 士 膳P<之形式,如此,當其用作單 質、維生素、礦物質和Si所:母曰所需之能量、氮、脂 為補充品之形式。 μ素m養組合物亦可 在一較佳具體實施例φ 士 中,本發明提供了一種嬰兒調配 物’其可以為,舉例而令 6 »低出生體重兒調配物或初生 配物形式。除了上述之特 ^生兒調 将疋成分之組合物外,它亦包括 白源、醣源和脂質源。 蛋白源可為任何適宜之报 ^ 之膳&蛋白;例如動物蛋白(諸如牛 乳蛋白質、肉類蛋白質和I§ 蛋類蛋白質)、植物蛋白質(諸如大 豆、小麥、水稻或婉豆蛋白質)、游離氨基酸混合物或其组 合物。牛乳蛋白質諸如酪蛋白、 ^ 贫曰礼^月蛋白和大旦蛋白尤爲 較佳。在-較佳具體實施例中’每⑽千卡調配物包括蛋白 源約1.8至約4克。 如果調配物包含脂肪源,脂肪源較佳地提供約5%至約 55/〇之5養調配物⑧里,或每i⑽千卡調配物提供約3至約7 克;組成脂肪源之脂質可為任何適宜的脂肪或脂肪混合 物。植物油脂尤爲適宜;例如大豆油、棕櫚油 '揶子油、 紅花油、葵花油、玉米油、菜杆油、"脂及其類似物。 若須要動物脂肪諸如乳脂亦可加入。 如果調配物包含醣源,醣源較佳地提供,舉例而言約4〇〇/〇 至約80%之營養調配物之能量,或每1〇〇千卡調配物提供約 6至約15克。任何適宜之醣類均可應用,例如蔗糖、乳糖、 •15- 94245.doc 1342779 葡萄糖、果糖、玉米糖漿固形物(corn syrup s〇Hds)和糊精 麥芽糖複合劑(maltodextrins)及其混合物。適宜之維生素和 礦物質亦可以通常形式包含於營養調配物中以符合適宜規 則。若須要一或多種食品級乳化劑亦可併入營養調配物 中;例如單甘油二酸脂(mono_diglycerides)、印填脂 (lecithin)、甘油一酸酯(mono-giycerides)和甘油二酸脂 (di-glyCerides)之二乙醯酒石酸酯(diacetyMarUric acid esters)。亦可包含類似之適宜鹽和穩定劑。 該調配物較佳為藉由腸道投藥;例如以散劑、濃縮液、 或現成飲料形式。它可用任何適宜的方法製備,例如,藉 由將膽食蛋白源、醣源和脂源以適當比例混合在一起。若 應用’乳化劑亦可包含於混合物中。維生素和礦物質可於 此時加入,但通常於混合後加入以避免熱降解。任何脂溶 性維生素、乳化劑及其類似物亦可在混合前溶解入脂源 中。水,較佳為經過反滲透之水’那時亦可被混入以形成 液態混合物。適宜水溫為約50艽至約8〇t:以輔助成分之擴 散。市售液化器(liquefiers)可用於形成液態混合物。液態混 合物然後被混勻;例如在兩個階段。 該液體混合物然後可經過熱處理以減少細菌負載。例 如,液體混合物可被迅速加熱到約8〇〇C至約! 5〇它範圍之溫 度’加熱約5秒至約5分鐘》這可藉由蒸汽注射器(steam injection)、同壓滅菌器(aut〇clave)或藉由熱交換器 eXchanger)例如板式熱交換器而實現。該液體混合物然後被 冷卻到約60 °C至約S5 t ;例如藉由閃蒸冷却(flash 94245.doc •16· 1342779 cooling)。液體混合物然後可再次被混勻;例如經過兩個階 •^又,第 & &為約7 MPa至約40 MPa,第二階段為約2 MPa 至約14 MPa»均句混合物再次被進一步冷卻,以添加任何 熱敏感性組分;諸如維生素和礦物質。均句混合物之pH值 和固體成分在此時便於校準。 如果需要生産一種粉狀營養調配物,該均句混合物應被 轉移入一種適宜的乾燥裝置中諸如喷淋式干燥器(spray dner)或冷凍乾燥器(freeze dder)轉變爲散劑,該散劑以重 量計水汽含量應該低於約5%重量比。 若須要生産一種液體調配物,該均句混合 下被填充入適當容器"一器之無菌填充之實= ^均句混合物預加熱(例如加熱至約75t至85。〇然後將 蒸汽注入均句混合物以使溫度升高至約140。(:至160。(:;例 如約150 C 〇該均句混合物然後被冷卻至溫度為約饥至 例如藉由閃蒸冷却。該均μ合物然後再次被混勾, 進一步冷卻至約室溫,並填充人容Μ。進行該等無菌填 充之適當裝置可從市場上購得。該㈣調配物可為現成顧 養調配物形式,固體成分含量以重量計約為U)%至約14%, 或可為濃縮物形式;通常固體成分含量以重量計為約娜 至約26%。香料亦可加入該液體調配物中,如此該調配物 即為使用方便、味道較佳之現成飲料形式。 U 5物係為健康嬰兒、經受腸道微生物區系發生變化 =在抗生素治療後之嬰兒,以及經受由例如疾病、外科 手術、入院治療、長期與母親分離引發之物理刺激和精神 94245.doc 1342779 刺激之嬰兒特定設計’其為了促進腸道屏障成熟並因此減 小過敏和感染發生之風險。用於餵養嬰兒之該調配物需要 之量端視諸如嬰兒狀況、嬰兒體重、嬰兒年齡和調配物是 否為單一營養源等因素而有所不同。總體來説,投與充足 營養組合物可提供給嬰兒約1克至約4 0克蛋白每千克體重 每天’補充成分之量如本發明上述之量。若營養組合物被 用作其他食物之補充品,每天投與該營養組合物之量可以 相應減少。 以下非限制性實例進一步闡述了本發明。這些實例之前 均有圖之簡潔敍述》 圖1代表被撫摸(NS-)的或被剝奪母鼠(ms)之幼鼠在出生 後36天用可控膳食(_C)或補充膳食(_s)餵養時異硫氰酸螢 光素-右旋糖酐(A)和辣根過氧化物酶(B)之血漿濃度。藉由 胃内管飼投與滲透性探測溶液15〇分鐘後收集血漿。顯示了 8只動物之平均值±標準差。不同字母表明有顯著性差異 (p<0.05) ° 實例1 : LC-PUFA、衍酪蛋白乳酸桿菌€^(:]^ 1 2116和 FOS/GOS對腸道滲透性之效應。 初次用文件證明新生兒刺激對腸道屏障之特定效應。對 大鼠之不同研究顯示了在新生兒期間斷剝奪母鼠會導致腸 道滲透性於斷奶期及以後生命期升高。就這項研究,我們 希望評價餵養補充有LC-PUFA、益生菌和非消化性寡糖混 合物之膳食對新生兒期經歷母鼠剝奪方案之幼鼠之腸道滲 透性之效應。 / 94245.doc •18- 1342779 方法: 動物 初次懷孕之孕期雌性Long_Evans H〇〇ded大鼠係從 Janvier(法國)購得,在妊娠第12天到達我們的動物飼養室。 匕們在恆定溫度和濕度條件下被分開飼養直至分娩,並保 持避光.見光周期為12 : 12。隨機供給食物和水。在執行 方案期間保持飼養條件不變β 分娩後一天(出生後第二天·ΡΝΕ>2),母鼠被移出產籠,並 且確定幼鼠性別。隨機指定飼養8只符合標準之雄性幼鼠。 新生兒應激 指定母鼠及其仔鼠有一或兩種飼養條件:丨)母鼠隔離 組,在出生後2至14天每天接受爲期18〇分鐘之母鼠隔離 期,或2)撫摸對照組,每天接受手動操作(稱重並用手撫摸 15分鐘)但不進行母鼠隔離。 於上午9點,將母鼠從飼養籠襄移走,於3小時隔離期 母鼠)或於15分鐘用手撫摸期(NS母鼠)放於等候籠裏。每只 MS幼鼠被移出窩,進行稱重,並作為—組放於隔壁房間: 隔離籠子裏。這只隔離籠保持在32.〇土〇5。〇下。隔離末期幼 鼠又被送回飼養籠’並在與其哺育母鼠重聚之前在赃敷料 襄打滾。NS組幼鼠也用類似方法處理,但不是隔離3小時, 它們被用手溫柔撫摸15分鐘。 每週飼養籠裏百分之五十赃敷料用乾淨敷料替換一次。 試驗方案 幼鼠在出生後丨5天與其哺育母氣明確隔離。同時,每組 94245.doc •19· 1342779 幼鼠以重量隨機分爲兩組MS動物和兩組NS動物。至出生後 21天都將這四組幼鼠每組飼養在一起(8只動物/籠)。然後, 它們被單獨飼養直至試驗結束。 從出生後15天至3 6天,動物隨意得到對照膳食(MS-C組 和NS-C組)或補充膳食(MS-S組和NS-S組)。每天早晨換一批 新鮮飼料。 於出生後36天禁食後30分鐘和處死前150分鐘-藉由胃 内管飼動物得到1毫升/100克體重滲透性探測溶液。該溶液 含有100毫克/毫升異硫氰酸螢光素-右旋糖酐70 KDa(Sigma FD-70S)和20毫克/毫升辣根過氧化物酶(π型辣根過氧化物 酶,Sigma P8250)。 處死時’用異氣趟麻醉動物。從背部動脈抽血樣。藉由 離心得到血漿,並於數小時内供分析滲透性探測試樣時應 用。 膳食 從出生後15天至36天用半合成營養適當膳食飼養(修飾 AIN 93 G)動物,其組合物顯示在表1中。補充膳食(S)含有 以下營養成分:衍酪蛋白乳酸桿菌CNCM 1-2116(所謂的 STll)(xl01G ST11 100克膳食);0.4克果寡糖/100克膳食 (FOS,Raftiline HP,Orafti SA,Belgium),3.6克半乳寡糖 /100克腾食(GOS,Vivinal GOS 10,Borculo Domo成分,荷 蘭),2克花生四烯酸/100克脂肪酸(AA,ARASCO, Martek, 美國),以及2克二十二碳六烯酸/100克脂肪酸(DHA, DHASCO,Martek,美國)。對照(C)膳食含有新鮮MRS,- 94245.doc •20· 1342779 替換STl 1-,糊精麥芽糖複合劑(Glucidex D12 ’ Roquette ?代^3,法國)和乳糖(?11^&,6134〇)-代替寡糖-並且增加可 可油和玉米油比例-替換DHASCO和ARASCO。 每週製備新鮮批量膳食,按每日劑量分發,其在氮氣、 負壓、-20。(:冷凍條件下存放於紹袋直至應用。 表1·勝食之組合物· _ ' 對照膳食 補充膳¥ (每100克膳食) K-酪蛋白酸(克) 20.00 20.00 玉米澱粉(克) 32.95 32.95 糊精-麥芽糖複合劑(克) 20.74 12.58 蔗糖(克) 10.00 10.00 乳糖(克) 4.26 - Raflilin HP(克) — 0.42 Vivinal GOS 10(克) --- 12.00 脂肪混合物(見如下組合物) 7.00 7,00 礦物質混合物(AIN-93-G)(克) 3.50 3.50 微生素混合物(AIN-93-VX)(克) 1.00 1.00 L-半胱氨酸(克) 0.30 0.30 氫化膽鹼酒石酸DAB 10(克) 0.25 0.25 MRS (毫升) 0.80 ST11培養基(5x 101G集落形成單位/毫升)(毫升) 0.8 脂肪混合物: 克/100克脂肪混合物 大豆油 25.12 26.44 Trisun 80 — 2.59 可可油 30.26 27.12 玉米油 44.63 34.22 ARASCO — 4.70 DHASCO — 4.93 滲透性探測樣品在動物血漿中分析。異硫氰酸螢光素-右 旋糖針濃度用λεχ 485 nm/Xem 535 nm螢光儀評價。辣根過 氧化物酶用TNB受質(Sigma T0440)檢測,並於340 nm處測 定反應產物之OD值。 94245.doc 21 丄342779 统計學分析 八^據用平均值土標準差表示。對每一組數據之正態性和等 分散性進行了檢驗。用雙向ANOVA試驗(兩個因素:新生兒 應激和膳食)進行比較,然後用Fisher最小顯著性差異法 (LSD)來評價組間差異。 結果 結果顯示在圖丨中。如預期,右旋糖酐和辣根過氧化物酶 濃度在經歷母鼠隔離方案(MS-C對NS-C)之動物中較高或 有升高趨勢。相反’用補充膳食飼養之MS動物顯示出其右 旋糖針和辣根過氧化物酶濃度比用對照膳食飼養之1^8動 物(MS-S對MS-C)更低或有降低趨勢,並且與沒有遭受新生 兒應激之動物無顯著性差異。 我們得出結論在大鼠中母鼠隔離會增加腸道對蛋白和其 他大分子之滲透性,而且含有LC-PUFA、寡糖和一種乳酸 菌實用成分之混合物可以使腸道滲透性恢復至正常水平。 實例2:適合低出生體重兒之調配物 該調配物有如下組合物(每100克散劑):總脂肪24克,總 蛋白質14.4克’總糖55.9克,富含花生四烯酸之油(真菌)〇.87 克,富含二十二碳六烯酸之油(低二十碳五婦酸魚油)0.44 克,FOS/菊糖(70/30)12克,啥熱性鏈球菌 Th4(Chris Hansen) (冷凍-乾燥散劑,10E12集落形成單位/克)0.1克,乳酸雙歧 桿菌ATCC 27536(冷凍·乾燥散劑,5X10E12集落形成單位/ 克)0.15克,精胺/亞精胺混合物(1/1)0.1毫克,鈉180毫克, 鉀530毫克’氣280毫克,磷320毫克,鈣490毫克,鎂54毫 94245.doc -22- 1342779 克,猛34微克,維生素A 1 500 IU,維生素D 490 IU,維生 素E 9.8 IU,維生素C 79毫克,維生素ΚΙ 59微克,維生素 Β1 0.29毫克,維生素Β2 0.66毫克,維生素Β6 0.37毫克,終 鹼酸4.9毫克,葉酸290微克,泛酸2.3毫克,維生素Β12 1.1 微克,生物素11微克,膽驗37毫克,肌醇22毫克,牛績酸 39毫克’肉毒驗7.9毫克,鐵7.4毫克,鱗49微克,銅0·44毫 克和鋅3.7毫克。 該調配物藉由將142克散劑與900毫升水混合重新組成1 升現成飲用製劑。上述給定組合物關於特定成分之量為適 合局部指示可以改變。端視年齡亦可加入足量其他微量元 素(例如栖、絡、翻、氟化物)。 實例3:初生兒調配物 用於嬰兒(從出生到4-5個月)之初生兒調配物,製備成散 劑形式。該調配物有如下組合物(每1 〇〇克散劑):總脂肪25.8 克,總蛋白質11.5克’總糖5 7.8克,富含花生四烯酸之油(真 囷)1克’昌含一十一碳六浠酸之油(低二十碳五稀酸魚油)1 克,FOS/菊糖(70/30)12克,衍酪蛋白乳酸桿菌CNCM 1-2116 (噴霧-乾燥散劑’ 10Ε12集落形成單位/克^.丨克,長雙歧桿 菌BB 536(Morinaga)(噴霧-乾燥散劑,5χ10Ε12集落形成單 位/克)〇.1克,鈉120毫克’鉀460毫克,氣360毫克,磷160 毫克,鈣320毫克’鎂35毫克,錳40微克,維生素A1500 IU, 維生素D 310 IU,維生素E 6.1 IU,維生素C 41毫克,維生 素K1 42微克’維生素B1 0.31毫克,維生素B2 0.69毫克, 維生素B6 0.3 8毫克,菸鹼酸3.8毫克,葉酸46微克,泛酸2.3 94245.doc -23- 1342779 毫克,維生素B12 1.1微克,生物素11微克,膽鹼38毫克, 肌醇23毫克,牛磺酸41毫克,肉毒鹼8.2毫克,鐵6.1毫克, 碘25微克,銅0.31毫克和鋅3.8毫克。 該調配物藉由將1 32克散劑與900毫升水混合重新組成1 升現成飲用製劑。上述給定組合物關於特定成分之量為適 合局部指示可以改變。端視年齡亦可加入足量其他微量元 素(例如硒、鉻、鉬、氟化物)。 實例4:初生兒調配物 適當嬰兒之初生兒調配物之製備如實例3,但是F〇S/菊糖 被唾液酸乳糖代替,其量為〇·5克。在該調配物中,一半總 蛋白質將以超乳清蛋白水解物形式供給。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1Α為用手樵摸或被剝奪母鼠之幼鼠在出生後刊天用對 …、膳艮(-C)或補充膳食(_s)餵養時異硫氰酸螢光素- 右旋糖 針(A)之血漿濃度圖。 圖1B為用手撫摸或被制奪母鼠之幼鼠在出生後%天用對 。艮(C)或補充膳食(_s)餵養時辣根過氧化物酶(b)之血 漿濃度圖》 94245.doc 24-
Claims (1)
- 134277¾ 093118101號專利申請案 _______ 中文申請專利範圍替換本^ 十、申請專利範圍丨公舌系丨 1 · 一種誘導類似於用母乳餵養觀察到之腸道屏障成熟模型 之組合物,其包括至少一種微生物,其選自由雙歧桿菌 CNCM 1-2170、雙歧桿菌 CNCM 1-2168 ' 雙歧桿菌 CNcm 1-2169、強索尼乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)CNCM 卜1225、衍酪蛋白乳酸桿菌CnCM 1-2116、乳酸雙歧桿装 ATCC 27536、長雙歧桿菌BB536所組成之群;一種脂質, 其選自由花生四烯酸(AA)或二十二碳六烯酸所組成之 群;以及一種非消化性寡糖’其係為乳汁提煉之非消化 性寡糖。 2‘ 一種供維持經歷物理或精神應激後之腸道屏障恆定性之 組合物,其包括至少一種微生物,其選自由雙歧桿菌 CNCM 1-2170、雙歧桿菌 CNCM 1-2168、雙歧桿菌 CNCM 1-2169、強索尼乳酸桿菌(Lact〇bacillus j〇hnsonii)CNCM 1-1225 '衍酪蛋白乳酸桿菌CNCM 1-2116、乳酸雙歧桿菌 ATCC 27536、長雙歧桿菌BB536所組成之群;一種脂質, 其選自由花生四烯酸(AA)或二十二碳六烯酸所組成之 群;以及一種非消化性募糖,其係為乳汁提煉之非消化 性寡糖。 3. 士 求項〗或2之組合物,其為該組合物係為完全腊食、 補充品或醫藥物。 4. 如請求項3之组合物,其係低出生體重兒調配物、初生兒 調配物或較大嬰兒調配物或嬰兒食品。 94245-991I04.doc
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2004
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- 2004-06-22 CA CA2530437A patent/CA2530437C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2004-06-22 US US10/562,243 patent/US8394370B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN1863463A (zh) | 2006-11-15 |
TW200507863A (en) | 2005-03-01 |
CN1863463B (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
CA2530437C (en) | 2011-11-15 |
PT1638416E (pt) | 2013-07-08 |
US8394370B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
EP1638416A2 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
EP1638416B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
AR044888A1 (es) | 2005-10-05 |
CA2530437A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
WO2004112509A3 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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