TWI324023B - Start-up automatic frequency control (afc) method and apparatus - Google Patents

Start-up automatic frequency control (afc) method and apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI324023B
TWI324023B TW095126609A TW95126609A TWI324023B TW I324023 B TWI324023 B TW I324023B TW 095126609 A TW095126609 A TW 095126609A TW 95126609 A TW95126609 A TW 95126609A TW I324023 B TWI324023 B TW I324023B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
frequency
sequence
receiving
received
phase
Prior art date
Application number
TW095126609A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200723900A (en
Inventor
Demir Alpaslan
Original Assignee
Interdigital Tech Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Interdigital Tech Corp filed Critical Interdigital Tech Corp
Publication of TW200723900A publication Critical patent/TW200723900A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI324023B publication Critical patent/TWI324023B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06Receivers
    • H04B1/10Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
    • H04B1/14Automatic detuning arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073Synchronisation aspects
    • H04B1/7075Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
    • H04B1/708Parallel implementation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014Carrier regulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03JTUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J2200/00Indexing scheme relating to tuning resonant circuits and selecting resonant circuits
    • H03J2200/02Algorithm used as input for AFC action alignment receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7073Synchronisation aspects
    • H04B1/70735Code identification
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014Carrier regulation
    • H04L2027/0024Carrier regulation at the receiver end
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014Carrier regulation
    • H04L2027/0044Control loops for carrier regulation
    • H04L2027/0063Elements of loops
    • H04L2027/0065Frequency error detectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014Carrier regulation
    • H04L2027/0083Signalling arrangements
    • H04L2027/0089In-band signals
    • H04L2027/0091Continuous signals

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
  • Channel Selection Circuits, Automatic Tuning Circuits (AREA)
  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Description

1324023 第一表-頻率偏差對可容許積分次數 頻率偏差 每一訊框之滑 差率 可容許積分次 數 ±6kHz=±3ppm 0.1152TC 4 ±4kHz=±2ppm 0.0768TC 6 ±2kHz=±lppm 0.0384TC 13 土 lkHz= 土 0.5ppm 0.0192TC 26 第二表-頻率偏差相對於同調組合之碼長度 以分貝 (dB)表示之損 失 同調積分 之碼長度 載頻偏差 Fc=2GHz 2.42 256 ±3ppm 6kHz 1.04 256 ±2ppm 4kHz 0.26 256 ilppm 2kHz 0.06 256 ±0.5ppm 1kHz 12.62 512 ±3ppm 6kHz 4.53 512 ±2ppm 4kHz 1.04 512 ±lppm 2kHz 0.26 512 ±0.5ppm 1kHz 1324023
Punctual[i]=input[i-511]i= offset,offset+1,offset+2,...,0ffset +511 第三方程式
Late[i]=input[i-511]i= offset+l,offset+2, 〇ffset+3,...,〇ffSet+ 512 第四方程式 儘管第2圖所提供之範例中的定位器與分裂器3传一 位器,然而應了解到,可結合PSC以外之任何接收二二 用s亥方法。 ,序列雜H與分抑之輸人取樣係_倍晶#速率達成。 每-頻率估計器34、36、與38係接收第二方程式至第四方程 式=供之三個輸入的其中之一。該等頻率估計器係依據第1圖 而^母-輸人相估計—不關率偏差,再於4G處將其相加。於 40處相加之頻率偏差係早期、當期、與晚雛計之和。 、 =等估計之和傳遞至一比例加積糊過濾器犯,娜 Ϊ頻貝他,其分別詳細顯示於第3圖中。該PI過遽 讀。初始時,分餅細顯示於 2他較佳地為1/2與1/256。迴路增益k係設為 他係分別設為1/16與_。第3圖係描述這種 值Λ ΐ 三表巾係總結係數阿法糾他之較佳設定 值。然而,亦可由其他_器來取代ΡΙ顧器。 又疋
當以下情死時’可建立穩態狀態: ~~~係數隨^乍狀態之變化 起動AFC完成至少十次⑽疊代; 時最後八個⑻輸_人至¥_置人長度 第二半平均之絕對值的差係在土ikHz内,·及 之目前輸出係在第二平均之絕對值的麵内。 起動AF^ —可由—數健制減帥吻來取代該VC〇。 1係在正賴PSC錄麟絲賴軸差。步驟 好在-更新PSC⑽。目此,_紙最 將依昭步m 序後立即開始’而與步驟1平行運作。步驟1 置,ϋΓΓ田 繼續在每N1個訊框提供更新的psc位 式運均的最大麻數量。_攸龜這種方 L個訊框之持續時間,其中㈣係最佳值。當侧到一 ㈣’將由控制器60設定步驟】旗標 ' 0*., , , 31致此狀L犄運作。由於尖峰位置 =夺地向左或向右移動,因此步驟丨演算法可持續不斷地運作。 至大束時,域AFC可在許錯況下,將解偏差減低 I 此將大幅增強步驟2之效能。包括有L個訊框將 θ加…胞疋延遲預算,而因此保守地選擇L=24。 PSC處理方塊66係在訊框上使同步化頻道(SCH)中之主要同 步化碼具有關連性。SCH位置係屬未知。 ssc分離n方塊68係_ SCH位置且僅分 將其傳遞至SSC處理方塊70。 冉 SSC處理方塊70係在SCH上使同步化頻道中之次要同 碼具有關連性。 中間碼分離器方塊72係利用SCH位置及SSC處理結果,且 分離出中間瑪部,再傳遞至中間碼處理方塊74。 1324023 中間碼處理方塊74係使SSC所提佴之 性,且選取具有最高能量者。祕之了^巾峡具有關連 胞元搜尋錢76翁施—餅 續不斷地搜尋最佳基地台。 I、·。疋週期内持 控制器60係協調各階段,以與一基地台同步。 層1控制8〇係相關於硬體及軟體來協調所 收器保持適當之操作。 a 1,以使接
【圖式簡單說明】 .元件係 可藉由以下之說明及圖式來了解本發明,其 以相同之代碼指示,其中: 之兀 第1圖係顯示驗起動AFC之相位旋轉方法的方塊 —第2A圖及第2B圖需互相結合’其包括起動AFc與胞元搜 肩异法步驟1、2、及3之間之交戶作用的方塊圖。 第2圖係顯示將第2A _第2B圖安排成’可建立出一士效 方塊圖的型式。 凡正 第3圖係一比例加積分(pi)過濾器之程序圖。 主要元件符號說明: 20、22相關器 32序列定位器&分裂器 34、36、38頻率估計器 42 PI過濾器 44正負倒置器 46電壓控制振盪器或數值控制振盪器 6〇控制器 68 SSC分離器 72中間碼分離器 80層1控制器 11

Claims (1)

1324023 I 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種頻率控制方法,其尹至少—頻率 2括以藉由-接收器的一震盪器來控制一頻率二生生 估5二來自接收信號的取樣的—接收 相位在-正向及-負向中之-給定頻率上旋轉ϋ子序 1 之一 提/-該第接-收/出列與紅向旋轉相位的該错存序列相關連,以 提^負向旋轉相位的該儲存序列相關連,以 估計將該第-與第二輸出進行组合以提供該接收序列的一頻率 3* 期的接收序^=計月的版本被執行,以提供早期、當期及晚 5八:該估計是以關於接收序列 6 該接收信號之-接收之輸 在調整該功率位準後以及 增益控5項之方法’其中該功率位準係使用開迴路 K wSi 輪要同步化碼。 該接收信號操取ί一第二化石^包括利用該主要同步化碼自 η·如申請專利麵高能量之一中 12 叫 4023 選自該擷取出之中間 …二·[--…- 咖内進行一 申請3=ί;2=:ί:ίΡΓ以數值控制。 15. 如申請專利範圍第Μ4 ;震^^係以電壓控制。 行。 項之方法,疋由—使用者設備所執 16. 種無線通信接收5|,直且古 Φ *8. 〇„ 〇, 至少-解料來^整由、該魏置為使用 通信接收H包括: 展為裝置所產生的鮮,該無線 接其配置為產生來自於一接收信號的取樣的 該頻率估計器裝置包括: 相位iiir正向及一負向令一給定頻率上旋轉-儲存序列 連的裝置f °亥接收序列與該正向旋轉相位的該儲存序列相關 連的裝置接收相與該負向旋轉相簡該儲存序列相關 —頻裝置讀岐倾如產生該接收序列的 配置申用估5 生3含-序列定位器,其 計,及包括一經配期 '當期及晚期版本的頻率估 之和的加總器 總該早期、當期及晚期的頻率估計 項之接收11,其中該頻率估計器裝置係 過滹、之接收态,更包括一過濾器裝置,該 Ιϋϊϊΐί置用頁率估計進行選擇性地積分以回應 搜福理之—祕或穩定狀祕件,而該震盪II裝置則 IS] 13 1324023 H峨聰丨 包含-電壓控制振盈器(vco)與—數值控制振盛器邮0)其中 之一,以用於回應該經積分之誤差估計來調整頻率。 /、 21. 如申請專利範圍第20項之接收器,其中該過遽器裝置係一比 例積分(PI)過濾器。 22. 如申請專利範圍第20項之接收器,其中該過濾器裝置係為具 有一延遲元素l/(l-z-1)之一數位過濾器。 23. —種包含申請專利範圍第16、17' 18、19、20、21或22項所 述接收器的使用者設備。 '
TW095126609A 2002-07-31 2003-07-25 Start-up automatic frequency control (afc) method and apparatus TWI324023B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US39981802P 2002-07-31 2002-07-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW200723900A TW200723900A (en) 2007-06-16
TWI324023B true TWI324023B (en) 2010-04-21

Family

ID=31188623

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW092120457A TWI224740B (en) 2002-07-31 2003-07-25 Start-up automatic frequency control (AFC) method and apparatus
TW095126609A TWI324023B (en) 2002-07-31 2003-07-25 Start-up automatic frequency control (afc) method and apparatus
TW093106094A TW200509706A (en) 2002-07-31 2004-03-08 Start-up automatic frequency control (AFC) method and apparatus

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW092120457A TWI224740B (en) 2002-07-31 2003-07-25 Start-up automatic frequency control (AFC) method and apparatus

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW093106094A TW200509706A (en) 2002-07-31 2004-03-08 Start-up automatic frequency control (AFC) method and apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (6) US7187732B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1540912B1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003254244A1 (zh)
TW (3) TWI224740B (zh)
WO (1) WO2004012463A2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI224740B (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-12-01 Interdigital Tech Corp Start-up automatic frequency control (AFC) method and apparatus
US7555013B2 (en) * 2002-08-12 2009-06-30 Harris Corporation Method and system for the blind determination of frequency hopping system characteristics and synchronization thereto
US7684472B2 (en) * 2003-07-02 2010-03-23 Thomson Licensing Method and apparatus for frequency-robust detection of a wideband code division multiple access secondary synchronization channel
KR100594146B1 (ko) * 2004-02-11 2006-06-28 삼성전자주식회사 비동기 이동통신 시스템에서 초기 주파수 옵셋 추정 장치및 방법
US7885319B2 (en) * 2007-08-01 2011-02-08 Broadcom Corporation Multiple branch PSYNC detection module
US7885237B2 (en) * 2007-08-01 2011-02-08 Broadcom Corporation Cell search operations using multibranch PSYNC detection module
US8098630B2 (en) * 2008-05-09 2012-01-17 Research In Motion Limited Scanning methods and apparatus for system acquisition
EP2117128B1 (en) * 2008-05-09 2012-11-21 Research In Motion Limited Scanning methods and apparatus for system acquisition
KR101722687B1 (ko) 2010-08-10 2017-04-04 삼성전자주식회사 객체간 또는 객체와 유저간에 정보 제공 방법, 그 방법을 수행할 수 있는 유저 디바이스, 및 저장 매체
US8548033B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2013-10-01 Microchip Technology Incorporated Automatic frequency control under low signal-to-noise conditions
TWI462539B (zh) * 2012-03-06 2014-11-21 Mstar Semiconductor Inc 頻率校正方法

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3212390B2 (ja) * 1992-11-17 2001-09-25 クラリオン株式会社 スライディング相関器
US5799034A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-08-25 Rockwell International Corporation Frequency acquisition method for direct sequence spread spectrum systems
US5963582A (en) 1996-05-24 1999-10-05 Leica Geosystems Inc. Mitigation of multipath effects in global positioning system receivers
JPH10215175A (ja) * 1996-11-29 1998-08-11 Sony Corp Pll回路及び信号再生装置
KR100232362B1 (ko) * 1996-11-30 1999-12-01 김영환 Non-coherent DLL을 이용한 위성신호 수신장치
CN1104095C (zh) 1998-04-30 2003-03-26 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 码分多址发射机和接收机
US6313789B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2001-11-06 Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. Joint tracking of the carrier phases of the signals received from different satellites
DE19842712C1 (de) * 1998-09-17 2000-05-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Anordnung zur Minimierung des Autokorrelationsfehlers bei der Demodulation eines Spreizspektrum-Signals unter Mehrwegeausbreitung
JP3323453B2 (ja) 1999-02-09 2002-09-09 松下電器産業株式会社 Cdma受信装置及びcdma受信方法
US6480558B1 (en) 1999-03-17 2002-11-12 Ericsson Inc. Synchronization and cell search methods and apparatus for wireless communications
US6370188B1 (en) 1999-03-31 2002-04-09 Texas Instruments Incorporated Phase and frequency offset compensation in a telecommunications receiver
US6549564B1 (en) 1999-04-08 2003-04-15 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Random access in a mobile telecommunications system
US6236343B1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2001-05-22 Quantum Corporation Loop latency compensated PLL filter
US6385264B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2002-05-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for mitigating interference between base stations in a wideband CDMA system
KR100319927B1 (ko) * 2000-01-11 2002-01-09 윤종용 비동기식 광대역 직접 시퀀스 코드분할다중접속 수신기의셀 탐색 장치 및 각 셀에 고유한 코드 획득 방법
US6597729B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2003-07-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Joint position and carrier frequency estimation method of initial frequency acquisition for a WCDMA mobile terminal
JP2001333119A (ja) 2000-05-24 2001-11-30 Nec Corp 位相同期回路
TW518839B (en) * 2000-08-30 2003-01-21 Ind Tech Res Inst Method and device of code group identification and frame edge synchronization
JP3473575B2 (ja) * 2000-11-29 2003-12-08 日本電気株式会社 Cdma移動通信装置及びそれに用いる基地局検出方法
US6826244B2 (en) * 2001-02-27 2004-11-30 Interdigital Technology Corporation Initial cell search algorithm for 3G FDD wireless communication systems
GB2377126B (en) * 2001-06-27 2004-08-25 Ubinetics Ltd Frequency difference reduction
JP3394530B2 (ja) 2001-08-07 2003-04-07 松下電器産業株式会社 セルサーチ装置およびセルサーチ方法
TWI224740B (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-12-01 Interdigital Tech Corp Start-up automatic frequency control (AFC) method and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003254244A1 (en) 2004-02-16
TW200401982A (en) 2004-02-01
WO2004012463A2 (en) 2004-02-05
TW200509706A (en) 2005-03-01
TWI224740B (en) 2004-12-01
US20080285689A1 (en) 2008-11-20
US8385482B2 (en) 2013-02-26
US8149963B2 (en) 2012-04-03
US7412013B2 (en) 2008-08-12
US7187732B2 (en) 2007-03-06
US20120201335A1 (en) 2012-08-09
US20050163266A1 (en) 2005-07-28
WO2004012463A3 (en) 2005-03-24
EP1540912B1 (en) 2013-04-10
US20040022333A1 (en) 2004-02-05
EP1540912A4 (en) 2006-03-15
US20070230634A1 (en) 2007-10-04
US20130142292A1 (en) 2013-06-06
US7236547B2 (en) 2007-06-26
EP1540912A2 (en) 2005-06-15
TW200723900A (en) 2007-06-16
AU2003254244A8 (en) 2004-02-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI324023B (en) Start-up automatic frequency control (afc) method and apparatus
US7403507B2 (en) System and method for recovering system time in direct sequence spread spectrum communications
JP2001177436A (ja) 移動通信システムにおけるafc制御装置及びその方法並びにそれを使用した移動通信機
JPH11266181A (ja) 同期検出装置
JPH11284599A (ja) スペクトラム拡散信号の受信装置
JP3560489B2 (ja) 効率的に電源供給を制御する通信装置、制御方法、及び記録媒体
WO2011003309A1 (zh) 一种实现时钟单元的方法及时钟单元装置
WO2012092866A1 (zh) 终端的频偏的调整方法、终端以及tdd系统
US6574200B1 (en) CDMA receiver comprising a synchronous timing notifying section capable of reaching low consumption of current
JP2871655B1 (ja) シンボル同期回路
JP2001272453A (ja) Gps信号の復調方法並びにgps受信装置
JPS5854724A (ja) 自動位相校正方法及び装置
US20050008066A1 (en) Communication device
JP2003169369A (ja) セルサーチ方法及びセルサーチ装置、並びに移動体端末装置
JPH0868845A (ja) Gps受信装置
JP3118938B2 (ja) スペクトラム拡散通信用復調装置
JP2006170673A (ja) 温度補償圧電発振器とそれを用いた受信装置
TW200830812A (en) Method and system for estimating signal error in a communication system
TWI254545B (en) Frequency error correction unit and method in a wireless LAN system
JP3063192B2 (ja) 送受信装置
JPH03255740A (ja) Ds同期回路
JP2003153326A (ja) セルサーチ方法及びセルサーチ装置、並びに移動体端末装置
JP2010130145A (ja) 基準信号発生装置
JP2002314449A (ja) 受信装置
JPH05175937A (ja) スペクトル拡散信号受信装置