TWI323304B - Suede like artificial leather with excellent strength and elongation properties - Google Patents

Suede like artificial leather with excellent strength and elongation properties Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI323304B
TWI323304B TW95147620A TW95147620A TWI323304B TW I323304 B TWI323304 B TW I323304B TW 95147620 A TW95147620 A TW 95147620A TW 95147620 A TW95147620 A TW 95147620A TW I323304 B TWI323304 B TW I323304B
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Taiwan
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yarn
ductility
woven
woven fabric
strength
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TW95147620A
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English (en)
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TW200736453A (en
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Yeong-Nam Hwang
Won-Jun Kim
Sung-Won Kang
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Kolon Inc
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06NWALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06NWALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0013Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using multilayer webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022Non-woven fabric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024Woven fabric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/10Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer reinforced with filaments
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06NWALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06NWALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0004Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046Synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253Polyolefin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261Polyamide fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0292Polyurethane fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/718Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2601/00Upholstery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003Interior finishings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2008Fabric composed of a fiber or strand which is of specific structural definition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Description

九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種具有極佳強度及延展性之絨面皮 革,尤其因為具有極佳抗張強度及恆载延展性,其係為適 於應用在車輛或家具等之高耐久性材料的絨面皮革。 現今由於具有柔軟觸感及近似於天然皮革的獨特外 觀,利用超細纖維以三維度交叉連結的不織布摻入聚胺基 甲酸乙酯樹脂〔polyurethane resin,聚胺基甲酸乙酯類之彈 性體〕所製成的人造皮革已廣泛且迅速的取代使用於家具 或車輛的天然皮革。 近來迅速發展具有高功能性的人造皮革〔其即仿照 一天然皮革慣有之柔軟觸感及獨特外觀〕,特別是對於需 要穩定性以相對過大摩擦力及外力具有耐久性的人造皮革 具有需求’由於該人造皮革在使用於車輛或家具時,導致 產生過大摩擦力及外力。此外,該人造皮革具有適當強度 及延展性’以便更易於在一彎折區域進行裁縫及組接作業 〇 【先前技術】 如美國專利第5,112,421號及專利公開第 2005/0009426號等習知技術即提供具有穩定性之人造皮革 ,其係關於一種製造不織布之方法,將一纖維嵌入於棉製 網狀層之間以便具有一穩定編結強度及恆载延展性。 然而,上述方法係存在如下缺陷:儘管具有高編結強 度,由於嵌入一纖維而導致該恆載延展性變得極小,造成 1323304 , 用在具有極多弯折區域的家具或車輛時,難以進 行其^工作業〔例如—座椅的組裝〕。 同時’曰本專利公開第2004-332173號提出一種製造 人·皮革的方法,其係在製造一不織布的過程中利用喷水 法將一彈性梭織或針織布嵌人-短纖網狀層中間,其中該 彈性梭織或針㈣細聚胺基f酸乙麵之雜紗線製成 〇 然而,根據上述方法,該梭織或針織布僅利用聚胺基 甲酸乙S旨類之彈性紗線製成,故難以利用針刺法嵌入。由 於必須使时水法進行結合,目此綠形成結讀折,進 而導致該表面形成不規職。此外,其延展性過高而強度 不足,造成不良的穩定狀態,導致該種布無法應用於家具 及車輛。 ~ 如上所述,以習用方法製造之人造皮革具有 低延展性,或相反的具有健度及高延展性,且其外^均 屬不良。目此,其係無法做為具有魏外表及冑耐久性以 應用於家具及車輛之人造皮革。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的係提供一種具有強度及延展性之人造 皮革,以便改善在一彎折區域的裁鏠及組接作業,同時藉 由控制結合於一網之梭織及針織布的強度及延展性進^ 對過大摩擦力及外力具有穩定度,且根_梭織及針織布 的強度及延祕,以充分實現-終端的強度及延展性 ht\mJ5Lte w/evie/ii-tj
㈣’根據本制提供—種⑽ .其包含_聚絲_乙酯之-合W= 二:=:3丹尼爾之超細短纖維相互交纏所形成: 、’布,及叹於該不織布内之一梭織或針 ;不織布之超細短纖維交纏,且在s公斤力:二負:
及==至3G%之㈣延展性,該梭織或針織布的縱向 场2抗張強度為W公斤細毫米〔kgf/50mm 且/、縱向及橫向之恆载延展性係為8%至25%。 【實施方式】 為讓本發明之±敍其他目的、舰及伽能更明顯 董’下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式, 作詳細說明如下: 首先’本發明之絨面人造皮革在縱向及橫向上具有35 至60 kgf/50mm之抗張強度及8%至25%之恆載延展性。
對於應用在家具及車輛等之人造皮革的材料而言,其 需要具有可充分延㈣人造皮革的接合可雜,以便更易 於裁縫及組接作業,同時亦須具有穩定性以避免過度的延 展。在成型穩定財面,若雜載延展性大於25%,則在 使用過中該人造皮革將持續伸長,@而損及該產品之耐久 值,在接合可用性方面,魏抗張強度小於35 kgf/5〇mm 或該怪載延展性小於8%’即可能在接合過程造成該產品之 損傷’且在加工件上亦可能發生應力及應變的情形。此外 ,若該抗張強度大於6〇 kgf/5〇mm,該恆載延展性即變得 過低而造成上述問題。
Liadi\rF PltNTFISLte _ 〇7/tM/ianua μ —8 — 纖維含細度小於0.3丹尼爾之超細短 ^^基甲日類之彈性體。然而,本發明進一 皮i二ΐ強度及延展性之一梭織或針織布至該典型人造 或針織布係嵌入該產品以做為-強化材料。特別重 織希獲得令人滿意的外觀及物理特性,必須將該不 =田短纖維與該梭織或針織布交纏為-體。為利 5議錢订製造’該梭織或針織布之經緯密度較佳為20 ^線/英时〔yarn/inch〕。若該密度小於2〇__ 、、係過於脆弱而不足以做為強化材料,導致該產品之抗 張強度降低。錢密度切丨⑻yam/ineh,财―氣織針 =,布或針織布之網眼時,即較有可能損傷該強化 ; 此清況下’該強化材料之怪載延展性降低,因而 亦造成該產品之恆载延展性惡化。 此外’使用於本發明之梭織或針織布在8 kgf之負载 下所測=的悝载延展性為·至观。對該產品之怪載延 展性而言,該梭織或針織布之怪載延展性係為最具影響力 之因素。至於僅具有一不織布之典型人造皮革〔僅包含超 細短纖維及聚胺基甲酸乙醋類之填充材料,其内不且有強 化材料〕,因為其值載延展性過大,故對於在家賊車輛
S —9 — 1323304 , 等所使用之材料而言,該典型人 。因此,以-韻或_布_ =的職性並不適當 法之一,造成_織或針織布讀载延告 該梭織或針織布結合至—不織布時,該梭織或針織布之二 性即變:較小。因此’為使該產品具有大於㈣而小 ^展ί ,該梭織或針織布触具有上述惶
此外’使用於本發明之梭織或針織布可由-、二或多 條紗線所構成,該紗線係選自聚對狄酸乙二醋〔 polyethylene terephthalate〕紗線、聚對苯二 f 酸丙二醇 f P_rime_ene terephthalate〕紗線、聚醯胺〔p〇iyamide 〕線、聚胺基甲酸乙醋〔p〇lyui_ethane〕、聚乙心 polyethyiene〕紗線及聚丙稀〔_啊咖加〕紗線之至少 -種。此外’構成該梭織或針織布之紗線可為—長纖紗線 或一短纖紗線。
該強化梭織或針織布可利用針刺法交纏至一不織布 之短纖維網狀層,或利用一高壓喷水口與該短纖維網狀層 交又結合。 本發明具有極佳強度及延展性之絨面人造皮革係利 用如下之製程步驟製造完成。 首先製備一梭織或針織布,其於8 kgf之負重下具有 10%至30%之恆载延展性;隨後製備一超細短纖維網’其 在分解或解離後具有小於0.3丹尼爾之細度;利用一針刺 法將該梭織或針織布結合至該超細網狀層。該針刺法係使 ltadt\PF PBtXPFJSLdoc —10 — 87m/lt/]|:S tf 用僅具一針鉤或不具針釣之一 朴础右展.、、爲織針,以免損傷該梭織或 針織布層’並藉由調整該針釣 布接觸之機率降至最低。為進:、私織成針織 佳係為1·至3G00次/平方之—針刺密度較 t处人认士 A L , 〔cm〕。該梭織或針織 布^於内之合成片具有咖GiG25G克/平方公分〔 g/cm〕之密度。 本發明所使用之細度少於Q3丹尼爾之超細短纖維可 。3 一聚醯胺聚合物、-聚酯〔polyester〕聚合物、一聚 烯烴〔polydefin〕聚合物及—聚胺基甲酸乙g旨聚合物之 至少一個。 於該不織布及該梭織或針織布之合成片上填塞並乾 燥一聚乙烯醇〔polyvinyl alch〇h〇1〕或羧曱基纖維〔 carboxymethyl cellulose〕之水溶性聚合物溶液,其重量相 對該不織布及梭織或針織布之重量為5%至2〇%,其中該 水;谷性知合物丨谷液之濃度為3%至15%。由於該聚胺基曱 酸乙酯樹脂與該不織布及梭織或針織布過度結合時,將使 該聚胺基曱酸乙酯樹脂在後續注入程序中轉變為_束細纖 維而導致該最終產品之觸感變硬,藉由此一製程係可有效 避免上述現象。 繼之’於該合成片上進行一聚胺基甲酸乙酯網之注入 處理。此步驟所使用之聚胺基曱酸乙酯類之彈性體係易溶 於一直鍊聚合物或一交聯聚合物,該直鍊聚合物包含巨乙 二醇〔macroglycol〕、二異氰酸鹽〔diisocyanate〕及一低 分子量之二醇〔diol〕或二胺〔diamine〕,而該交聯聚合 1323304 物係可為二曱基曱醯胺〔dimethylformamide,以下簡載為 DMF〕。 應用於本發明之巨乙二醇可包含聚醚二醇〔polyethei· glocol〕、聚酯二醇〔polyester glocol〕、聚 _ 聚酯共聚物 二醇〔polyether polyester copolymer glocol〕及聚碳酸酯 二醇〔polycarbonate〕等。 本發明中該低分子量之二醇可包含4,4’-丁二醇〔 4,4’-butandiol〕及乙二醇〔ethyleneglocol〕等。其亦可使 用以二胺為主要成分之一擴鍊劑,例如曱亞-雙(4,4’_笨胺) 。藉由將一去垢劑、色料及機能性粒子等加入一聚胺基甲 酸乙酯類之彈性體之DMF溶液中並稀釋該溶液,即可製 成一注入溶液。 將該合成片浸泡於該注入溶液中,則該聚胺基曱酸乙 酯即凝固於一水溶液中,於5〇。〇至8(TC之熱水中進行洗滌 以便完全清除暫時性填入之水溶性聚合物,接著再進行乾 燥。該聚胺基甲酸乙酯在乾燥後之含量較佳係為該合成片 之重量的20%至50%。 後,糟由一虱氧化納〔s〇dium hydroxide〕之溶劑或 水溶液去除可溶解成分〔海型成分〕,以便將該纖維轉變 為一束細纖維,其中該氫氧化鈉之溶劑或水溶液係可溶解 或分離該可溶解成分。 若該可溶解成分〔海型成分〕為一共聚合之聚酿,即 可利用一連續或非連續排列方法以5%至15%之一氫氧化 納水&gt;谷液分解該海型成分。若該可溶解成分為聚乙稀或聚
LiadiXfP Ρ»ί\ίΤΙβΙ,4χ ~ 12 —: ΠλΜ/|〇/π:β ΑΙ 1323304 . I * 苯乙烯〔p〇1ystyrene〕,則利用曱笨〔toluene〕、四氣乙 烯〔perchloroethylene〕或三氣乙烯〔trichloroethyiene〕 處理以除去該海型成份。 . 例如在HKTC下利用-10%之氫氧化納水溶液處理$ 至1〇分鐘’时將該_成分的共聚合之㈣完全分解並 絲。此時,即使由於該合成片之可溶解成分〔海型成分 〕被去除導致其厚度降魅某—程度,仍可該梭織或 # 針織布的結構良好維持該合成片之形狀。因此,該合成片 受到一機械張力時所造成的縱向延長程度不大,且可改善 該合成片表面的視密度。其中該合成片係包含該不織布: 該梭織或針織布。 接著,利用上述方式所得之合成片的表面係以一起毛 機進行起毛,藉以在該表面形成豎立的纖維,以便該合成 片具有粗縫的絨毛。其中該起毛機設有一適當粗度之砂紙 ’且可視使赠況選擇該砂紙之粗度,—般而言較佳係使 鲁用號數為150至400之砂紙。 :其:具有該絨毛之皮革的合成片可視使用情況進行 染色。右使用包含尼龍_6〔nyl〇n_6〕的纖維,其通常以一 金屬混合染料或牢固型酸性染料進行染色。若為聚醋類, 即於一高壓快速染色機内以一分散性染料進行染色。 ^最後於該已染色之產品上使用一軟化及功能性劑進 行處理’以製造—高級的合成絨毛人造皮革。 本發明之人造皮革使一彎折區域内的裁縫及組接作 業更易於進行,同時由於其強度及延展性極佳,因而具有 一 13 — 07/M/:C/|l:22 4· S . 。本發明之人造、载之㈣延展性為8%至25% 穩定度之高耐久轉料3:於麵在家具及車鱗需要外型 如下==:該人造皮革之合成片的各種物理特性係依
由該人造皮革之合成片之交疊區域取得—樣品,並於 賴程Γ例如金塗布〕。利用一掃描式電 卞顯儆鏡〔scamnng electron micr〇sc〇pe,SEM〕以一固定 =放大倍率拍攝取得該樣品之橫截面照片。估測顯示於該 照片之一股超細纖維之直徑’並將其轉換為一實際數值, 再透過下列方程式獲得其細度。
細度〔丹尼爾〕=97^^/4000 本方程式中’ 7Γ為一圓之周長與直徑之比率〔即圓周 率〕乃為該超細纖維之橫截面之直徑,而p為該超細纖 維之费度〔g/cm3〕。所使用之尼龍的密度為114,而聚對 酜k 乙 一S旨〔polyethylene terephthalate〕之密度則為 1 38 展性〔%〕 在各具有一寬度50毫米〔mm〕及一長度250mm的 二測試片上,沿其中心區域標示一 l〇〇mm之標示線,其中 該三測試片係分別由一絨面人造皮革之合成片、一沿縱向 分布之梭織或針織布及一沿橫向分布之梭織或針織布切割 ρ.,χβΗ PttNPFiaSLioc —14 — 87/M/ie/H:c s 1323304 , &lt; * 取得。以15〇mm之钳夾雜將_⑽固定於—疲勞測試 機〔其係可選擇為厂馬林疲勞測試機〔Marlens fadgue tester〕」〕上,謹慎的將一 78.4牛頓〔%〕之負重〔包 含該下甜夾之重量〕懸掛於該測試片1()分鐘。在懸掛該負 载10分鐘的情況下,可獲得該標示線之長度〔〖㈧,且 該恆載延展性可由下式計算獲得: 恆載延展性〔%〕=。-100 _本方程式中’“表示在懸掛該8 kg負載1G分鐘後該 標不線〔mm〕之長度。 抗張強度〔Kgf/50mm 1 分別沿一樣品之縱向及橫向取得五測試片,各該測試 片均具有一寬度50毫米〔mm〕及一長度25〇mm。 於一丹席隆型〔Densiron type〕或與其相似之抗張強 度測試機上鉗夾該測試片之上部,於該測試片上施加一適 當之初始負重,以便該測試片呈現筆直且垂直,並具有 150mm之甜夾距離。 所施加之初始負重必須可使不自然之皺折或彎曲變 得平坦。特別是針對不特定之纖維,該初始負重係設定為 1.96 牛頓〔200 gf〕。 在200200毫米/分鐘〔mm/mjn〕的拉扯速度下量測撕 裂該五測試片所需之負重〔kgf/50mm〕,再取其平均值。 本發明使一彎折區域内的裁缝及組接作業更易於進 行,同時由於其強度及延展性極佳,因而具有成型穩定度 ,且相對外力具有耐久性。 u又 D:\9H LiadaNPT PltvmSUdoc 一 15 一 c7mno/u_ S &gt; ^^3304 後續將利用數個實施例詳細描述本發明,惟其並非用 以限定本發明。 蓋一實施例 具有總細度75丹尼爾之一海島型〔sea-island type〕 合成連續纖維可轉變為一束細纖維,該細纖維係由重量百 分比70%之聚對酞酸乙二酯及30%之聚酯共聚物利用纺紗
及併條程序製備完成,其中該聚對醜酸乙二酯係做為一纖 維成型成分,而該聚酯共聚物則為一抽出成分。此時,該 連續纖維之單絲為3.1丹尼爾,且其内具有16條超細纖維 〔纖維成型成分〕。為獲得適當的恆載延展性,該連續纖 維於170°C的條件下進行捲繞及安置。
以上所付之合成纖維係於一撚、紗機中進行HQ轉/米 之撚紗程序,以便做為一梭織布之經線及緯線。製造用於 梭織布之經線及緯線係具有7〇 yam/inch之經線密度及 70 yam/inch之緯線密度。該梭織布在縱向上之恆載延^性 為20 %,而其橫向上之恆載延展性為22%。 同時,具有51毫米長度之一短纖維,其係為一細度 2.5丹尼爾之單絲,且該單絲具有」6條超細纖維〔纖維成 =成分〕。該短纖維係由重量百分比7〇%之聚親酸乙二 酯及30%之妇旨絲物料、及併 中該聚對酞酸乙二酯係做為—纏铪am、表侑兀成八 聚物則為-抽心型成分,而賴共 貝序軸 且於一不織布的製備過程中,此網利用 針織法結合於該梭織布’進而形成-合成片。接= »:\〇M Uadt^
S —16 — 1323304 i ^布^成片及該梭織布係以叫G%之聚乙烯醇水溶液 仃真充及乾燥,以相對該布具有1〇%之重量百分比。之 後’將該合成片浸泡於-15 %之注人溶財,該注入溶液 之製備係利用二甲基甲_中的_聚醋共聚物二醇類之 聚胺基甲酸乙醋彈性體進行稀釋獲得。該聚胺基甲酸乙醋 料水溶液中翻,再_ —赃的熱水洗滌以完全移除 聚乙烯醇聚合物’錢再進行乾燥。在賴步驟後,該聚 胺基甲酸乙S旨含量為重量百分比35 %。為使上述纖維及聚 胺基甲酸乙賴構成之皮革之合成丨轉變為—束細纖維, 其係藉由在一 100 c之10%氫氧化鈉水溶液中持續處理以 70全去除其海型成分〔例如聚酯共聚物〕且僅殘留其島型 成分〔例如聚酯細纖維之成分〕,切除該超細纖維之一部 分,並使用一 240號之砂紙進行起毛處理以豎立該超細纖 維產生絨毛,藉此製造具有極佳強度及延展性之一皮革之 合成片。於一高壓快速染色機内,將所獲得之合成片以具 有極佳固著性之一分散性染料進行染色,再將該合成片進 行還原、清潔及乾燥處理。最後,進行防水及抗靜電劑處 理以及絨毛尖端軟化處理,以便製備用於人造皮革之一絨 面合成片。進一步評估利用上述程序所獲得之人造皮革合 成片的物理性質,並顯示於表二中。 篇二及三實施例及第一及二#照實施例 如表一所示’除改變該產品之梭織布所使用的經、緯 線種類及細度之外,各實施例用於人造皮革之合成片係使 用與第一實施例相同的方式製備。
Liate\PF Pat\fmsL4oc —17 — 0T/M/i&amp;/U:C -f: S ^二_製備情況 分類 —----- 第一實施例 第二實施例 -- 第三實施例 第一對照 實施例 第二對照 實施例 紗線成分 聚對苯二甲 酸丙二醇 聚隨胺 聚對酞酸乙 二酯 聚對酞酸乙 二酯 聚對酞酸乙 二醋 紗線細度 [丹尼爾1 0.14 0.24 0.06 0.14 0.14 經線及緯線 密度 70 X 70 4〇χ4〇 70x70 25 χ25 100x100 縱向恆栽 延展性[〇/〇] 20 25 15 35 5 橫向值載 延展性[%] 22 29 ----- 18 40 6
一绒面人造皮革之合成片。 雖然本發明已利用上述較佳實施例揭示,然其並非用 以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精 ,=1&amp;圍之内’當可作各種更動與修改,因此本發明之保 遵乾圍當視_之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 1323304 【圖式簡單說明】 無 【主要元件符號說明】 無
—20 —

Claims (1)

  1. 07.17第95M7620號申請專利範圍修正本 、申請專利範圍:厂------ 1、 -種具有極㈣歧延展性之其包含一合成 —内填入聚胺基甲酸乙_,該合成片包含: 不織布’其係由細度小於G3丹尼_之超細短纖 互交纏構成;及 一織布’其係以梭織及針織方式之—製成,並設置於★亥 不織布内與該超細短纖維相互交纏,且該織布在s公斤/ $之負載下具有10 %至3G %之悝載延展性,其中該織 布之縱向及橫向之抗張強度為3S至⑽公斤力/5〇毫米 而其縱向及橫向之恆載延展性為8%至25%,其中該 合成片之密度為0.200至〇 25〇克/平方公分。 2、 依申請專概圍第i項所述之具有極佳強度及延展性之 絨面皮革,其中該織布之經線密度及緯線密度為2〇至 100支紗線/英忖。 3、 依申請專利朗第i項所叙具有_強度及延展性之 賊面皮革’其中該織布由長絲紗線及短絲紗線之一構成 〇 4、 依申請專利範目帛1項所狀具_佳強歧延展性之 絨面皮革,其中該織布由至少一條紗線所構成,且該紗 線係選自聚對酞酸乙二酯紗線、聚對笨二曱酸丙二醇紗 線、聚醯胺紗線、聚胺基甲酸乙酯、聚乙嫦紗線及聚丙 烯紗線之至少一種。 —21 —
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