TWI300296B - Apparatus of searching for known sequences - Google Patents
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- TWI300296B TWI300296B TW095106699A TW95106699A TWI300296B TW I300296 B TWI300296 B TW I300296B TW 095106699 A TW095106699 A TW 095106699A TW 95106699 A TW95106699 A TW 95106699A TW I300296 B TWI300296 B TW I300296B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
- H04B1/70758—Multimode search, i.e. using multiple search strategies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
- H04B1/7115—Constructive combining of multi-path signals, i.e. RAKE receivers
- H04B1/7117—Selection, re-selection, allocation or re-allocation of paths to fingers, e.g. timing offset control of allocated fingers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70707—Efficiency-related aspects
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
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- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Description
1300296 玖、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於當精由相關而在接收機中執行 搜尋一已知傳輸信號序列時所需要的計時解析度 與所遭受的性能損失之對照。搜尋係在傳播路徑 搜尋或隨機進接通道(RACH)前行偵測期間於第三 代合夥計劃(3GPP)寬帶劃碼多重進接(WCDMA)接 收機中執行。 | 【先前技術】 本發明的說明主要聚焦於一通訊系統的分頻 雙工(FDD)版。然而,本發明可以應用於任何通訊 系統中之幾乎全部已知序列搜尋,以搜尋時域中 之所接收信號之已知送出的序列。 接收機為何知道符號序列可能自一發射機送 出有若干目的,諸如在路徑搜尋中之關於計時延 遲、振幅及相的通道估計;諸如藉由隨機進接通 • 道前行偵測之用於(槽式)AL〇HA多重進接碰撞偵 測及進接允准的傳訊;及諸如在單元搜尋中之計 時關係與偶數碼群分配的傳訊。 特別是在涉及低階傳訊的狀沉,通常有若干 可能送出的不同已知序列,且傳訊值依發現何者 而定。所以’必須針對所有可能或相關的序列進 行搜尋。本發明可以應用於是否一次搜尋一序列 或是以並列或串連方式執行不同單一序列的若干 不同搜尋。 已知序列的精確接收計時通常係未知。不 6 1300296 的已知序列執行相關,則上升餘弦脈波的取樣複 製品可以在這些相關結果的序列中看到。 在稀有的精確接通時間相關的狀況,此將係 最大值,且不能看到旁瓣。在一般的狀況,其中 存在某計時偏置,將可觀察到一最大值,且在鄰 近的相關結果中,將觀察到依據上升餘弦脈波在 Tc取樣的正與負旁瓣。 因為希望以1 /Tc的比率計算相關結果,但是 φ 希望在Tc/2的計時偏置之狀況避免遭受4分貝的損 失,本發明嘗試針對可用的值,藉由將旁瓣收集 \ 及建設性結合在一起,以額外的計時偏置Tc/2計算 . 遺失但是係所欲的相關結果值。依此方式,正旁 瓣將與正權值結合,且負旁瓣將與負權值結合。 為了更精確導出權值,可以使用強旁瓣以放 大,及使用弱旁瓣以衰減,如同最大比例結合理 論’(即’匹配的遽波)。在相關結果的複製品中 φ -其係取樣的上升餘弦型-應用一匹配於此信號 的有限脈衝響應濾波器,其也係取樣的上升餘弦 型濾波器。 對於接通時間的狀況及以Ι/Tc取樣而言,有 限脈衝響應濾波器的脈衝響應係單一狄拉克脈 波,所以不需要其他行動。對於Tc/2轉移的狀況及 以1 / T c取樣而言,有限脈衝響應濾、波器係在 Tc = N+%的時間間隔取樣的上升餘弦時間脈波,N 係所有整數。
10 1300296
除了應用於匹配至一已知序列之匹配的濾波 器(其係相關濾波器)以外,本發明也可以應用於匹 配至全知傳輸濾波器鏈之匹配的濾波器(其係上升 餘弦濾波器)。此濾波器-其係數如同在ΤπΝ+Κ 的時間間隔取樣的上升餘弦脈波,Ν係所有整數) -的長度無限,所以需要截取。假設濾波器截取 至 4係數 a0...a3的長度,其中&0 = &3=11〇(1=1.5)=-0 · 1 9 1 4 且 a 1 = a 2 = R C (t = 0 · 5 ) = 0 · 6 2 9 4,( t 正常化至 T c)。如果計算的相關結果c r (t)可以用於某些落後 t = 0,l,2,3,則可以只使用4分接頭有限脈衝響應濾 波器,透過可用的相關結果,完成c;r( 1 . 5 )之良好 的估計: 3 V a cr{n) C r ( 1 . 5 ) = «=〇 方程式(1) 使用此方法,可以從任何四鄰近的相關結果 估計所欲的中央、非可用(因為並非整數而是整數 + 的計時偏置)但是係所欲的相關結果值,以減 少計時誤差及所得的振幅衰減。 因為截取濾波器長度,所以它係估計值,而 非精確的計算值。而且,因為上升餘弦脈波具有 大於l/(2*Tc)但小於1.22/(2*Tc)的單側頻帶寬度, 所以從它使用1 /Tc當作取樣率而取樣不足的事實 導致更多的損失。此外,所使用之估計濾波器的 帶寬小於1/(2* Tc)。必須注意,在希望將解析度自 2/Tc延伸至4/Tc的例子中,帶寬的問題無關緊要。 然而,因為此並非較佳的應用實施例,所以在本 11 •1300296 發明中以1/Tc的比率執行上升餘弦脈波的取樣 (即’以1/Tc的比率執行初始相關,然後估計盆餘 的值,以獲得2/Tc的比率)。 ’、
此外為了序列搜尋的目的,不需要藉由# N倍Tc(N非零)零交又而維持上升餘弦型總脈波成 型濾波器鏈的基本性質。實際上,在此應用中, 重要的疋就全部計時偏置而達成高尖冑,俾使尖 峰偵測:能儘可能與準隨機計時偏置無關。 士引述本毛明較佳為使用4分接頭有限脈衝 響應濾波器-其以1/Tc的時間間隔,應用於可用的 計算相關結果-以估計中間相關纟,藉以將相關 結果的計時解析度增加至2/Tc。然後,任何連續處 理-諸如臨限值比較或最大值搜尋_以2/仪的比 率施加至可用的這些相關結果,恰如同它們已以 2/Tc的比率藉由暴力全相關而計算。 圖5顯不系統模型丨〇,其中狄拉克脈波〗2施加 至序列有限脈衝響應濾波器14,其施加至形成通 道16之一部分的根上升餘弦(RRC)有限脈衝響應 濾波為18。在接收機端,根上升餘弦(RRC)有限脈 衝響應濾波器20接收傳輸信號,濾波器2〇匹配於 傳輸脈波。濾波器1 8與2 〇的組合當作上升餘弦(rc ) 型濾、波器。本發明的新穎特點之一係使用已知序 列债測器22於信號處理鏈。在内插以後,以極類 似於傳統裝置的方式,在級2 2執行後處理,例如, 农大值搜尋或臨限值偵測。自信號處理鏈省略有 12 1300296 此濾波器設計不會改變白雜訊信號通過濾波 器時的能量。然而,藉由新定標的濾波器係數之 估計結果將只達成 cr”(1.5) = sqrt(0.8 65 6) = 0.93 04 之值。尖峰的剩餘衰減現在減小為-0.63分貝 = 201og(sqrt(0.8656))。因此,此-0.63分貝的衰減 等於在尖峰之信號雜訊比(SNR)的退化。 已展示如果來自以Ι/Tc相關之真實計時偏置 等於Tc/2時本發明之新定標的估計濾波器的衰減 為何。此狀況很稀有,且通常,計時偏置係不同 且準隨機。因此,現在將考慮不同計時偏置對於 本發明的濾波器估計方法之衝擊。如果觀察使用 濾波器之上升餘弦脈波的迴旋,則此係可能的。 結果顯不於圖3。 本方法之總最大衰減與原始相關結果及估計 相關結果之以分貝表示的振幅大小間之差異以共 同圖顯示於圖4。如圖4所示,本發明的方法之最 大衰減係1 · 1 5分貝,其不會比以Tc/2的比率執行之 暴力相關計算(其係〇·94分貝)大很多。 四分接頭有限脈衝響應估計濾波器的使用提 供相當於「暴力」方法的性能,且將用於執行「暴 力」方法的硬體減少5 0%的位階。 雖然大量分接頭可以提供於估計有限脈衝響 應濾波器2 6,但是隨著包含額外的分接頭,所得 到的濾波器性能之改進顯著降低。然而,分接頭 數目的增加使通過濾、波器的延遲增加,且添加渡 15 •13002% 28,28
Claims (1)
1300296 P____Ί .年(.月,口伎(兔μ·ϋ?[| \ Mi t 备 * 一 拾、申請專利範圍·· L 一種用以偵測具有一已知序列的一接收信號的無線傳輸/接收 單元(WTRU),該WTRU包括: 一接收裔’用以接收一進入訊號; 一序列相關器有限脈衝響應(FIR)濾波器,用於回應該進入信 娩的接收而輸出一第一濾波信號流,其中該進入訊號以每碼片一 倍取樣率處理;
一估計濾波器,用以接收該第一濾波信號以及輸出一第二濾 波信號流; ~ 一多工器,用以接收各該第一和第二濾波信號流,且交替輸 出該第一濾波信號流及該第二濾波信號流;以及 一尖峰搜尋偵測器,用以搜尋和偵測由該多工器輸出之該訊 號流中之一已知序列,其中該尖峰搜尋偵測器以每碼片至少二倍 取樣率處理。 ^ 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之WTRU,其中該估計滤、波器係為一四 分接頭HR濾波器。 3. 如申請專利範圍第!項之WTRU,其中該估計遽波器具有複數 個(N)分接頭,其中N為小於等於20的正整數。 4. -種用以偵測具有—已知序列的一接收信號的無線傳輸 單元(WTRU),該WTRU包括·· 一接收為,用以接收一進入訊號; 倍取樣率處理 -序列相關器有限脈衝響應(FIR)滤波器,肋回應該進入传 號的接收而輸出-第-濾波信號流,其中該進人訊號以每碼片二 19 ;1300296 )f 5.4 9 曰賴λ 4-V-. r h - 複數個(N)估計濾波器,用以接收該第一濾波信號,且每一估 計濾波器皆輸出一第二濾波信號流,其中N為大於1的整數; 一多工器,用以接收該第一和每一第二濾波信號流,且相繼 地輸出該第一濾波信號流及各該等第二濾波信號流;以及 一尖峰搜尋偵測器,用以搜尋和偵測由該多工器所輸出之該 訊號流中之一已知序列,其中該尖峰搜尋偵測器以每碼片至少N 倍取樣率處理。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之WTRU,其中每一估計濾波器係為一 •種二分接頭FIR濾、波器。 6. 如申請專利範圍第4項之WTRU,其中該尖峰搜尋偵測器以該 . FIR濾波器所使用取樣率的N+1倍取樣率處理該進入訊號,其中 N係為於該WTRU所使用之該估計濾波器之數目。 7. 如申請專利範圍第4項之WTRU,其中該估計濾波器具有複數 個(N)分接頭,其中N為小於等於20的正整數。
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1300296 柒、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(7 )圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明: 24:序列相關器有限脈衝響應(FIR) 25:尖峰搜尋/偵測器 26:估計濾波器 28:多工器 捌、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: 無
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US36082202P | 2002-02-28 | 2002-02-28 | |
US10/322,184 US6792037B2 (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2002-12-18 | Apparatus and method of searching for known sequences |
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TW092127593A TWI299948B (en) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-02-27 | Apparatus and method of searching for known sequences |
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US (2) | US6792037B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1483859B8 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3959064B2 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR100881653B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100426711C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE416516T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003212428A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2477233A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60325027D1 (zh) |
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JP3959064B2 (ja) | 2007-08-15 |
DE60325027D1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
KR100677684B1 (ko) | 2007-02-02 |
MXPA04008332A (es) | 2004-11-26 |
AU2003212428A1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
TW595173B (en) | 2004-06-21 |
WO2003075497A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
NO20044077L (no) | 2004-11-23 |
CN1640042A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
US20040240592A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
TWI299948B (en) | 2008-08-11 |
KR20040087324A (ko) | 2004-10-13 |
KR20050096980A (ko) | 2005-10-06 |
TW200709582A (en) | 2007-03-01 |
EP1483859A1 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
EP1483859A4 (en) | 2005-06-01 |
US20030161416A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
CA2477233A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
ATE416516T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
EP2031762A1 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
EP1483859B1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
CN100426711C (zh) | 2008-10-15 |
TW200304306A (en) | 2003-09-16 |
EP1483859B8 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
US7706435B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
JP2005519526A (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
TW200417165A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
US6792037B2 (en) | 2004-09-14 |
KR100881653B1 (ko) | 2009-02-06 |
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