WO2007095775A1 - Procédé et système d'évaluation de canal au moyen d'une antenne réseau - Google Patents

Procédé et système d'évaluation de canal au moyen d'une antenne réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007095775A1
WO2007095775A1 PCT/CN2006/000250 CN2006000250W WO2007095775A1 WO 2007095775 A1 WO2007095775 A1 WO 2007095775A1 CN 2006000250 W CN2006000250 W CN 2006000250W WO 2007095775 A1 WO2007095775 A1 WO 2007095775A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
impulse response
array antenna
channel impulse
sources
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2006/000250
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Ping Li
Bin Liu
Lianbin Xiao
Zhinian Luo
Original Assignee
Zte Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zte Corporation filed Critical Zte Corporation
Priority to PCT/CN2006/000250 priority Critical patent/WO2007095775A1/fr
Priority to CN2006800355801A priority patent/CN101273389B/zh
Publication of WO2007095775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007095775A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0212—Channel estimation of impulse response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0228—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals
    • H04L25/023—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols
    • H04L25/0232—Channel estimation using sounding signals with direct estimation from sounding signals with extension to other symbols by interpolation between sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mobile communication technologies, and in particular to array antenna based channel estimation techniques. Background technique
  • channel estimation technology many key technologies are involved in mobile communication systems, such as channel estimation technology, joint detection technology, and smart antenna technology.
  • both the joint detection technology and the smart antenna technology are based on channel estimation.
  • the effect of channel estimation has a very important impact on the performance of joint detection.
  • the multipath propagation of signals in a wireless mobile environment poses a severe challenge to channel estimation. How to obtain accurate channel estimation under poor channel propagation conditions becomes the key to affect the quality of mobile communication. Therefore, reducing the error of channel estimation, that is, reducing or eliminating noise in the channel response, is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • Steiner estimation is a low-cost channel estimation method. It converts complex linear convolution into simple circular convolution by reasonably designing the training sequence of the source, and utilizes the cyclic shift characteristics of the matrix, which can pass FFT and IFFT operation is implemented. However, the performance estimated by Steiner is affected by the additive noise at the receiving end. The channel response obtained includes the noise component, ie the channel estimation error, compared with the ideal channel response. At the same time, it also increases the noise power, resulting in signal noise at the output. There is a certain amount of loss over the opposite input.
  • the present invention provides an antenna array based channel estimation method and apparatus, an array antenna based data receiving method and apparatus, and an array antenna based data transmission method and system.
  • an antenna antenna-based channel estimation method including: estimating a first channel impulse response according to a received signal and a training sequence of the array antenna, wherein a received signal of the array antenna a radio frequency signal from a plurality of transmission sources, the first channel impulse response including a channel impulse response of each of the plurality of transmission sources; estimating an angle of arrival of each of the plurality of transmission sources; utilizing The angle of arrival of each of the sources enhances a channel impulse response of the source in the first channel impulse response to obtain a second channel impulse response; and utilizes the second channel
  • the impulse response filters the first channel impulse response.
  • an array antenna-based data receiving method including: receiving signals from a plurality of transmitting sources; obtaining a channel impulse response according to the foregoing array antenna-based channel estimating method; The channel impulse response demodulates data from the received signal.
  • an array antenna-based data transmission method including: transmitting a radio frequency signal including a training sequence and data from a plurality of transmission sources; and obtaining an array antenna-based data receiving method according to the foregoing The data.
  • an antenna antenna-based channel estimation apparatus including: a channel impulse response preliminary estimating unit, configured to estimate a first channel impulse according to a received signal and a training sequence of the array antenna In response, wherein the received signal of the array antenna is a radio frequency signal from a plurality of transmission sources, the first channel impulse response includes a channel impulse response of each of the plurality of transmission sources; a DOA estimation unit And an enhancement unit configured to utilize the arrival angle of each of the transmission sources for the emission in the first channel impulse response The channel impulse response of the source is enhanced to obtain a second channel impulse response; and a screening unit is configured to filter the first channel impulse response by using the second channel impulse response.
  • an array antenna-based data receiving apparatus including: receiving means for receiving signals from a plurality of transmitting sources; and the foregoing array antenna based channel estimating apparatus, Obtaining a channel impulse response; and demodulating means for demodulating data from the received signal using the channel impulse response.
  • an array antenna-based data transmission system comprising: a plurality of transmission sources for transmitting radio frequency signals including training sequences and data; and the foregoing array antenna-based data receiving apparatus, Used to get the data.
  • Array antenna based channel estimation method and apparatus array antenna based data receiving method and device, and array antenna based data transmission method and system, in the case of array antenna application, utilizing channel-related characteristics between array antennas,
  • the angle of arrival of each source to enhance the processing, the signal-to-noise ratio on the receiving side is improved, and the influence of noise on the channel estimation is overcome, so that the accurate position of the effective tap of the channel can be obtained more accurately.
  • the position estimation accuracy of the channel impulse response of each transmission source is improved, the error rate is effectively reduced, the system performance is improved, and the system capacity is increased.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an antenna antenna based channel estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a data receiving method based on an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an array antenna based data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an array antenna based channel estimation apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an array antenna based data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 is a block diagram of an array antenna based data transmission system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first channel impulse response fi is estimated according to a received signal and a training sequence of the array antenna, wherein the received signal of the array antenna is a radio frequency signal from multiple sources.
  • the first channel impulse response includes a channel impulse response for each of the plurality of transmission sources.
  • a portion emjd corresponding to the training sequence is first separated from the received signal, which can be expressed as
  • G matrix is a cyclic right shift matrix composed of a basic Midamble code
  • h is the channel impulse response of the source
  • n is Gaussian white noise. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the case of multiple sources, h is composed of the channel impulse response of each source, and the channel impulse response h (1) , h (2) of each source can be obtained therefrom . , ...h (k) .
  • the maximum likelihood estimation is performed by using the following equation (2) to obtain the first channel impulse response fi.
  • the channel impulse response of each of the sources can be obtained from the preliminary estimation 6 (1) , h (2) , ... h (k) ,
  • m is the first column of the G matrix.
  • the first threshold Determining the average of the channel power on each tap of the first channel impulse response & for the channel power average is greater than the threshold
  • the purpose of screening using threshold 7 is to filter out a portion of the low power noise taps to reduce the amount of computation when enhanced with the angle of arrival.
  • the angle of arrival of each source can be estimated by a variety of existing methods. For example, each of the following equations (5) can be used to estimate each ⁇
  • K , R , , undosk 0.. ⁇ 359 (5)
  • ⁇ is the received power in the direction
  • a is the direction vector, as represented by the Ka antenna circular array
  • Ka is the number of array elements of the array antenna, and in an embodiment of the present invention, Ka may be 8
  • ka is a variable whose value ranges from l...Ka.
  • n depends on the type of the array, for example, 0 to 359 if it is an omnidirectionally covered circular array, and 0 to 119 if it is a sector coverage line array, that is, an angular range that the array can cover. .
  • the received power ⁇ can be selected as the estimated.
  • step 110 the channel impulse responses (1) , h 2) , ... & (k) of the respective initially estimated sources are respectively enhanced by using the respective angles of arrival. That is, the conjugate transpose of the corresponding steering vector a( ) is multiplied by the enhanced channel impulse response h i) for each of the sources, as shown in the following equation:
  • the second channel impulse response can be obtained by combining the corresponding sources.
  • the first channel impulse response ⁇ is filtered using the second channel impulse response ⁇ . It is important to note that the first channel impulse response is filtered using only the second channel impulse response without directly utilizing the second channel impulse response as the output of the channel estimate.
  • the second threshold r 2 can be used to determine the channel power value of each tap of the second channel impulse response, and the location of the tap whose channel power value is greater than the threshold is recorded. Then, the channel estimation value corresponding to the tap located at the position in the second channel impulse response is reserved, and the channel estimation values corresponding to the other taps are set to zero. It can be understood that the first channel impulse response ⁇ can be directly filtered by using each fi (i) .
  • the first channel impulse response 6 after the above screening is the resulting channel impulse response ⁇ .
  • the channel impulse response i ⁇ (i) of each of the sources can be separated from the channel impulse response.
  • This method utilizes the channel-related characteristics between array antennas, enhances the signal-to-noise ratio on the receiving side by using the angle of arrival of each source, and overcomes the influence of noise on channel estimation, so that it can be more accurately obtained.
  • the exact location of the effective tap of the channel Compared with the prior art, the method improves the position estimation accuracy of the channel impulse response of each transmission source, effectively reduces the bit error rate, improves system performance, and increases system capacity.
  • the channel estimation method may further include intercepting a plurality of sets of values in the first channel impulse response with a fixed window length, respectively as channels of each of the plurality of transmission sources Impulse response.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an array antenna based data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with the figure. For the same portions as those of the previous embodiment, the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.
  • step 201 signals from a plurality of transmission sources are received.
  • step 205 channel estimation is performed according to the method in the foregoing embodiment to obtain a channel impulse response.
  • step 210 data is demodulated from the received signal using the channel impulse response.
  • the transmitted signal including the data is first received, and the received signal e can be expressed as: Where d is a column vector consisting of data symbols from all sources, A is the system transfer matrix, and n is the noise. As previously mentioned, Ka is the number of antenna elements.
  • the system transmission matrix A is generated by using the spread spectrum scrambling code of each transmission source and the channel impulse response obtained by channel estimation according to the method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the matrix A is used to demodulate the data.
  • various joint detection algorithms such as whitening matched filter algorithm (WMF), zero-forcing linear block equalizer algorithm (ZF), and minimum mean square error algorithm (MMSE) can be used.
  • the minimum mean square error algorithm is taken as an example for data estimation, as shown in the following equation (9).
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an array antenna based data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with the figure. For the same portions as those of the previous embodiment, the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.
  • a radio frequency signal including a training sequence and data is transmitted from a plurality of transmission sources. Then, in step 305, the data is obtained according to the data receiving method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an array antenna based channel estimating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with the figure. For the same portions as those of the previous embodiment, the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.
  • the array antenna based channel estimation apparatus 400 of the present embodiment includes a channel.
  • the impulse response preliminary estimating unit 401 is configured to estimate a first channel impulse response according to the received signal and the training sequence of the array antenna, where the received signal of the array antenna is a radio frequency signal from multiple transmitting sources, where
  • the first channel impulse response includes a channel impulse response of each of the plurality of sources;
  • the angle of arrival estimation unit 402 is configured to estimate an angle of arrival of each of the plurality of sources;
  • the enhancement unit 403 And using the angle of arrival of each of the transmitting sources to enhance a channel impulse response of the transmitting source in the first channel impulse response to obtain a second channel impulse response; screening unit 404 And filtering the first channel impulse response by using the second channel impulse response.
  • the channel impulse response preliminary estimating unit 401 performs maximum likelihood estimation on the portion e mid corresponding to the training sequence separated from the received signal by using an algorithm or other algorithm similar to that in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the first channel impulse response is 6.
  • the unit may further determine, by using the first threshold 7, the average channel power on each tap of the first channel impulse response, and retain the corresponding channel estimate for the tap whose channel power average is greater than the threshold. And set the channel estimates for the other taps to zero.
  • the purpose of screening using threshold 7 is to filter out a portion of the low power noise taps to reduce the amount of computation when the enhancement device is enhanced with the angle of arrival.
  • the enhancement device 403 enhances the channel impulse responses (1) , h (2) , ... fi (k) of the respective initially estimated sources by using the respective angles of arrival. That is, the conjugate transpose of the corresponding steering vector a( ) is multiplied by the enhanced channel impulse response fi (i) for each of the sources. It can be understood that the second channel impulse response £ can be obtained by combining fi (i) corresponding to each of the transmission sources.
  • the screening device then filters the first channel impulse response 6 using the second channel impulse response. Specifically, the screening apparatus determines the channel power value of each tap of the second channel impulse response ⁇ by using the second threshold r 2 , and records the location of the tap whose channel power value is greater than the threshold. Then, the second channel impulse response The channel estimation value corresponding to the tap located at the position is reserved, and the channel estimation values corresponding to the other taps are set to zero. It can be understood that each pair of the first channel impulse response & screening can be directly utilized.
  • the first channel impulse response after the above screening is the resulting channel impulse ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Similarly, the channel impulse response ⁇ ⁇ of each of the sources can be separated from the channel impulse response. The false alarm of the channel estimation tap can be reduced during the screening process. However, the detection probability of the channel tap is increased.
  • the channel correction is not directly performed using the enhanced result.
  • the process of correcting with the channel estimation results is still performed in a manner that is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the channel estimation apparatus utilizes the channel-related characteristics between the array antennas, and enhances the signal-to-noise ratio on the receiving side by using the angle of arrival of each of the transmission sources to overcome the influence of noise on the channel estimation.
  • the estimation accuracy of the channel impulse response of each transmission source is improved, the bit error rate is effectively reduced, the system performance is improved, and the system capacity is increased.
  • the channel estimation apparatus may further include a separation unit (not shown) for intercepting the plurality of sets of values in the first channel impulse response with a fixed window length, respectively A channel impulse response of each of the plurality of transmission sources.
  • the channel estimation apparatus 400 of the present embodiment and its respective components may be constituted by a dedicated circuit or chip, or may be implemented by a computer (processor) executing a corresponding program. Moreover, the channel estimation apparatus 400 of the present embodiment can operatively implement the channel estimation method of the embodiment described above in connection with FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an array antenna-based data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with the figure. For the same portions as those of the previous embodiment, the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.
  • the array antenna-based data receiving device 500 includes: a receiving device 501, configured to receive signals from a plurality of transmitting sources; and the foregoing array antenna-based channel estimation device 400 is configured to obtain a channel impulse response; and a demodulation device 502 is configured to demodulate data from the received signal by using the channel impulse response.
  • the receiving device 501 receives a transmission signal including data from a plurality of transmission sources, and the received signal e can be expressed as the above equation (8).
  • the channel estimation apparatus 400 performs channel estimation as described in the previous embodiment to obtain a channel impulse response.
  • the demodulation device 502 generates a system transmission matrix A by using the spread spectrum scrambling code of each of the transmission sources and the channel impulse response, and then demodulates the data by using the matrix A.
  • the specific algorithm may use the algorithm used in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the data receiving device 500 of the present embodiment and its various components may be constituted by a dedicated circuit or chip, or may be implemented by a computer (processor) executing a corresponding program.
  • the data receiving apparatus 500 of the present embodiment can operatively implement the channel estimation method of the embodiment described above in connection with FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an array antenna based data transmission system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment will be described below in conjunction with the figure. For the same portions as those of the previous embodiment, the description thereof will be appropriately omitted.
  • the array antenna-based data transmission system 600 includes: a plurality of transmission sources 601 for transmitting radio frequency signals including training sequences and data; and the foregoing array antenna-based data receiving device 500, The data is obtained.
  • the transmission source 001 performs transmission processing on the data, spread spectrum, scrambling (packet scrambling), modulation, and raised cosine filtering, and transmits the same.
  • the transmitted signal is then received by the aforementioned array antenna based data receiving device 500 and processed to obtain the transmitted signal.
  • the transmission source may be a communication device having a signal transmission function such as a mobile phone or a PDA. Although only two sources 601A, 601B are shown in the figures, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the system in this embodiment may include multiple sources.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système d'évaluation de canal au moyen d'une antenne réseau, un procédé et un dispositif de réception de données au moyen d'une antenne réseau, ainsi qu'un procédé et un dispositif d'émission de données au moyen d'une antenne réseau. Le procédé d'évaluation de canal au moyen d'une antenne réseau consiste à évaluer une première réponse impulsionnelle de canal en fonction des signaux reçus et de séquences de formation de l'antenne réseau, lesquels signaux reçus de l'antenne réseau étant des signaux radiofréquence d'entrée provenant de plusieurs sources d'émission et laquelle réponse impulsionnelle de canal comprenant des réponses impulsionnelles de chacune des sources d'émission, puis à évaluer des angles d'arrivée de chacune des sources d'émission, à améliorer la réponse impulsionnelle de canal de la source d'émission dans la première réponse impulsionnelle de canal au moyen des angles d'arrivée de chaque source d'émission, à obtenir une seconde réponse impulsionnelle de canal, et enfin à filtrer la première réponse impulsionnelle de canal au moyen de la seconde réponse impulsionnelle de canal.
PCT/CN2006/000250 2006-02-21 2006-02-21 Procédé et système d'évaluation de canal au moyen d'une antenne réseau WO2007095775A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2006/000250 WO2007095775A1 (fr) 2006-02-21 2006-02-21 Procédé et système d'évaluation de canal au moyen d'une antenne réseau
CN2006800355801A CN101273389B (zh) 2006-02-21 2006-02-21 基于阵列天线的信道估计方法及装置

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Cited By (1)

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CN104158773A (zh) * 2014-08-22 2014-11-19 北京智谷睿拓技术服务有限公司 多天线系统的信道估计方法及信道估计装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102412881B (zh) * 2010-09-26 2015-06-17 日电（中国）有限公司 无线通信系统和用于无线通信系统的波束形成训练方法
CN109188346B (zh) * 2018-08-31 2023-03-10 西安电子科技大学 大规模均匀圆柱阵列单快拍doa估计方法

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JPH1197921A (ja) * 1997-09-24 1999-04-09 Yrp Idou Tsushin Kiban Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 通信方法および通信装置
CN1346193A (zh) * 2000-09-25 2002-04-24 华为技术有限公司 一种基于阵列天线的信道估计方法
CN1449204A (zh) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-15 上海贝尔有限公司 一种基于阵列天线移动通信系统的信噪比测量方法

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JPH1197921A (ja) * 1997-09-24 1999-04-09 Yrp Idou Tsushin Kiban Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 通信方法および通信装置
CN1346193A (zh) * 2000-09-25 2002-04-24 华为技术有限公司 一种基于阵列天线的信道估计方法
CN1449204A (zh) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-15 上海贝尔有限公司 一种基于阵列天线移动通信系统的信噪比测量方法

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CN104158773A (zh) * 2014-08-22 2014-11-19 北京智谷睿拓技术服务有限公司 多天线系统的信道估计方法及信道估计装置

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