TW556362B - GaP-based semiconductor light-emitting element - Google Patents
GaP-based semiconductor light-emitting element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW556362B TW556362B TW091118629A TW91118629A TW556362B TW 556362 B TW556362 B TW 556362B TW 091118629 A TW091118629 A TW 091118629A TW 91118629 A TW91118629 A TW 91118629A TW 556362 B TW556362 B TW 556362B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- main surface
- gap
- light
- semiconductor substrate
- based semiconductor
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021484 silicon-nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L24/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/20—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
- H01L33/22—Roughened surfaces, e.g. at the interface between epitaxial layers
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- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
- H01L2224/321—Disposition
- H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/32221—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/32245—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
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- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
- H01L2224/321—Disposition
- H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/32221—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/32245—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
- H01L2224/32257—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic the layer connector connecting to a bonding area disposed in a recess of the surface of the item
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- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/44—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/45—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/45001—Core members of the connector
- H01L2224/45099—Material
- H01L2224/451—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
- H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
- H01L2224/45144—Gold (Au) as principal constituent
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- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
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- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
- H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73251—Location after the connecting process on different surfaces
- H01L2224/73265—Layer and wire connectors
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- H01L2224/91—Methods for connecting semiconductor or solid state bodies including different methods provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/80 - H01L2224/90
- H01L2224/92—Specific sequence of method steps
- H01L2224/922—Connecting different surfaces of the semiconductor or solid-state body with connectors of different types
- H01L2224/9222—Sequential connecting processes
- H01L2224/92242—Sequential connecting processes the first connecting process involving a layer connector
- H01L2224/92247—Sequential connecting processes the first connecting process involving a layer connector the second connecting process involving a wire connector
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
Description
556362 A7 ___B7 ____ 五、發明說明(ί ) 〔技術領域〕 本發明係關於GaP系半導體發光元件。 〔先前技術〕
Gap系半導體發光元件,係由GaP半導體、或以GaP 半導體作爲母物質再經GaAs、InP、A1P等進行組成取代 而成之混晶系半導體所構成,可在從紅色跨到綠色之廣範 圍的可見波長帶發光。又,由於GaP半導體屬間接躍遷型 ,在成爲間接躍遷型之上述GaP系半導體發光元件中,係 藉由摻雜構成發光中心之氮等來謀求發光效率的提昇。 然而,例如上述施加氮摻雜之GaP半導體,會顯示黃 綠色的發光,而未施加摻雜者,則顯示綠色發光,亦即, 爲提昇發光效率而實施氮摻雜的情形,會產生發光波長改 變的問題。又,若過度的摻雜氮,會產生無助於發光中心 之氮抑制發光效率之不佳情形。 於是,不僅單針對上述般提高發光效率之觀點,也必 須提昇外部取出效率。爲謀求外部取出效率提昇之發光元 件的形狀,已有許多的揭示。如圖8所示意顯示者,以η 型層21和ρ型層22來形成ρ - η接合,並設置陽極24、 陰極25而從ρ型層22側進行光取出之發光元件,藉由對 側面進行台面蝕刻來構成傾斜部23,以降低發出的光之全 反射而謀求外部取出效率之提昇。又,進一步有人提案出( 日本專利第2907170號公報),對該發光元件之主表面和傾 斜部實施粗面加工(用來降低發出的光之全反射),並對光 取出側的相反側之主面實施粗面加工(用來提高全反射), 4 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 一 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂--------- 556362 A7 ___B7____ 五、發明說明(> ) 圖8B係示意地顯示對圖8A賦予這種粗面加工的情形。 然而,就算是將圖8B所示之發光元件形狀賦予上述 間接躍遷型的GaP系半導體發光元件,但發光效率仍不足 ,而在未摻雜構成發光中心的氮時則亮度更低。 〔發明之揭示〕 本發明係考慮上述問題點而完成者。亦即,本發明之 目的係提供一可提高亮度之GaP系半導體發光元件。 用來解決上述課題之本發明的GaP系半導體發光元件 ,其特徵在於: 具備:具有ρ- η接合之GaP系半導體基體,以及用 來對該半導體基體施加發光驅動電壓之電極; 以半導體基體之P型層側的主面作爲第一主面,以其 相反側的主面作爲第二主面,在半導體基體之第一主面及 側面,形成向外側凸之凸曲面所集合成之粗面,且在第二 主面,係用王水蝕刻來形成鏡面。 上述GaP系半導體基體中’由於從ρ型層側進行光取 出’ η型層側之主面(第二主面)係爲了提昇光之全反射而作 成鏡面狀,另一方面,在第一主面及側面上,爲了降低光 的全反射,則實施粗面化處理而形成向外側凸之凸曲面所 集合成之粗面。具有這種構成之本發明的GaP系半導體發 光元件’由於能提昇發出的光之取出效率,故能謀求比以 往更高的亮度提昇。 第二主面之鏡面化,係藉由用王水蝕刻第二主面來進 行。如此般用王水來蝕刻,在第二主面上,可形成向半導 5 . 私紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------% 556362 A7 ___ B7 ' —丨…· ------------- " — —- ---- —— 五、發明說明(》) 體基體的內側凸之鏡面狀凹曲面所集合成之鏡面。其結果 ,能使第二主面之光全反射效果有效的發揮。又,將第二 主面藉由硏磨平滑化,再用王水來蝕刻的情形,可更簡便 的將第二主面作成鏡面狀凹曲面所集合成之鏡面。 藉由將第二主面作成鏡面狀凹曲面所集合成之鏡面, 相較於以往之平滑的鏡面,可提昇第二主面之光的全反射 率。又本發明之特徵在於,凹曲面之粒徑爲5/zm〜150//m ,且其朝內側之深度爲0.5/zm〜15//m。若凹曲面之粒徑未 達5/zm、或其朝內側之深度未達0.5//m,將無法充分的 形成凹曲面形狀,其結果,第二主面之光全反射之提昇效 果無法發揮。另一方面,若粒徑大於150//m,和導電糊間 之固接面積變得不夠大。同樣地,若凹曲面之朝內面的深 度大於15/zm,鏡面化會受到抑制,而使光反射之提昇受 到抑制。 考慮到上述內容,藉由將凹曲面之粒徑調整成5// m〜150//m、且將其朝內側之深度調整成0.5"m〜15/zm, 即可使凹曲面發揮光反射提昇之作用,且發揮其作爲和導 電糊的固接面之作用。又,藉由使用王水,即可簡便地在 第二主面上形成如此般鏡面狀的凹曲面所集合成之鏡面。 另一方面,在構成光取出面之第一主面及側面上,由 於必須降低光全反射,係形成向外側凸之凸曲面之集合。 如此般,藉由形成凸曲面集合,包含在形成有凹曲面集合 之第二主面上所反射的光,可降低第一主面及側面之光全 反射,而提昇取出效率,而使亮度提高。 6 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) II 一:OJI I 1- m n ϋ i - 線β. 紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 556362 A7 ___ B7___ 五、發明說明(W ) 構成GaP系半導體發光元件之GaP系半導體基體,可 將以嘉晶成長法配向而成之結晶進f了積層來形成。爲形成 上述凸曲面之集合,可依積層後的結晶之面方向而利用數 刻速度不同之異向性蝕刻,結果可簡便地形成均一形狀之 複數個凸曲面。 藉由使用上述異向性蝕刻,可調整凸曲面之徑,而使 凸曲面所集合成之粗面微透鏡化。結果,藉由將粗面微透 鏡化,可更加減低產生光全反射之可能。 其次,本發明之GaP系半導體發光元件中之GaP系半 導體基體較佳爲,以用電導糊覆蓋第二主面全域的方式來 固接於電極支持體。本發明之GaP系半導體發光元件中, 由於從P型層側進行光取出,故η型層側之主面、即第二 主面係透過導電糊固接於電極支持體。如上述般,在第二 主面上形成向半導體基體內面凸之鏡面狀的凹曲面集合, 故其和導電糊之固接面積大,而能提昇半導體基體對電極 支持體之固接性。其結果,例如因來自橫方向之附加力而 使半導體基體對電極支持體產生傾斜、剝離等之不佳情形 可加以抑制。 上述GaP系半導體基體之第一主面及第二主面上,配 置有用來施加發光驅動電壓之電極,該電極中,位於半導 體基體接觸側之接觸層,必須由和半導體基體之歐姆接觸 性良好的材料構成,通常是由Au合金構成。圖6&、圖6B 係不思地顯示第一主面及第二主面上電極的形成形態。圖 6A係或不在p型層側的第一主面10所形成的電極(第一電 7 t、紙張尺度適用中_家標率(CNS)A4規格(21〇 x 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) tr——^------4 556362 A7 ____B7___ 五、發明說明($ ) 極60)之形態,係由接觸層(第一接觸層62)和接合墊層61 所構成。構成第一接觸層62之材料,可採用p型的歐姆接 觸性良好之Au(金)和Be(鈹)所組成的合金、或Au和Zn( 鋅)的合金。結果,可形成P型歐姆接觸性良好的第一接觸 層62。又,接合墊層61,考慮其和第一接觸層之接觸性, 可由Au所構成。在如此般所形成之第一電極60的表面, 進行通電用Au線之打線,而主要從第一電極60之形成區 域以外進行光取出。 接著,圖6B係顯示形成於η型層側的第二主面11之 電極(第二電極63)的形態。第二主面11,由於如上述般透 過導電糊來固接於電極支持體,第二電極63並不具備第一 電極60之接合墊層61,其本身就具備接觸層(第二接觸層 64)的作用。構成該第二接觸層64的材料,除了 η型歐姆 接觸性優異外,也必須要求對發出的光之吸收率低。本發 明人等經各種實驗檢討的結果得知,藉由以Au(金)、Si(矽 )及Ni(鎳)所組成的合金來形成第二接觸層64,可使n型 歐姆接觸性良好,且充分抑制第二接觸層64對發出的光之 吸收。如此般,藉由用Au、Si、及Ni所組成的合金來形 成第二接觸層64,可進一步提高所取出之發光亮度。 藉由用上述材料來形成第一及第二主面上之電極接觸 層,可一步提高發光亮度。 目前爲止是說明本發明的GaP系半導體發光元件中, 可提高發光亮度之GaP系半導體基體的形狀及電極接觸層 之構成材料。藉由將這些本發明的構成要素應用於特別是 8 Ϊ紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) '~' " (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------線一 556362 A7 _____B7____ 五、發明說明(W )
GaP半導體發光元件中,即可將以往並無法獲得充分亮度 之GaP半導體發光元件之亮度加以提昇。 於是,本發明之GaP系半導體發光元件,其特徵在於 具備:具有ρ_ η接合之GaP系半導體基體,以及用 來對該半導體基體施加發光驅動電壓之電極; 以半導體基體之p型層側的主面作爲第一主面,以其 相反側的主面作爲第二主面,在半導體基體之第一主面及 側面,形成向外側凸之凸曲面所集合成之粗面,在第二主 面’係形成鏡面狀的凹曲面所集合成之鏡面; 形成於第一主面上之電極的接觸層,係由Au和Be或 Zn之合金所形成,另一方面,形成於第二主面上之電極的 接觸層,係由Au、Si及Ni所組成的合金所形成,以用導 電糊覆蓋第二主面全域的方式,將GaP半導體基體固接於 電極支持體。 又,如上述般,藉由將第二主面硏磨後用王水蝕刻, 可簡便地將第二主面作成鏡面狀的凹曲面所集合成之鏡面 〇 又,本說明書中,上述GaP半導體基體,槪念上係包 含具有或不具有氮摻雜所形成之發光中心者。 〔圖式之簡單說明〕 圖1係本發明的一實施形態之多層積層體之槪略截面 圖。 圖2A係顯示本發明的GaP系半導體發光元件之一實 9 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -ϋ .1 I n n i-i II 一 (OJi n 1 n HI n I m - 556362 A7 ^__ _ B7_____ 五、發明說明(7 ) 施形態的形成過程之槪略截面圖。 圖2B係接續於圖2A,而顯示本發明的GaP系半導體 發光元件之一實施形態的形成過程之槪略截面圖。 圖3A係接續於圖2B,而顯示本發明的GaP系半導體 發光元件之一實施形態的形成過程之槪略截面圖。 圖3B係顯示本發明的GaP系半導體發光元件之一實 施形態之槪略截面圖。 圖4A係本發明的實施例之SEM測定結果,係顯示對 第二主面從垂直方向觀察的結果。 圖4B係本發明的實施例之SEM測定結果,係顯示對 第二主面從大致水平方向觀察的結果。 圖5係本發明的實施例之SEM測定結果,係顯示對第 一主面及側面,從側面之大致水平方向觀察的結果。 圖6A及圖6B係說明本發明的電極形成形態之示意圖 〇 圖7A係說明本發明的實施例之固接力測定之示意圖 〇 圖7B係說明本發明的比較例之固接力測定之示意圖 〇 圖8A及圖8B係說明經粗面加工之半導體基體的粗面 形狀之習知例的示意圖。 〔發明之詳細說明〕 以下,針對本發明的GaP系半導體發光元件之一實施 形態,參照包含其形成過程的圖式來作說明。 10 拿、紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ' "~ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
556362 A7 -----B7___ 五、發明說明(/ ) 如圖1所示般,在GaP系半導體所構成之n型單結晶 基板1上’依序以液相磊晶成長法來進行均爲GaP系半導 體所構成之η型緩衝層2、η型層3、p型層4及p型接觸 層5之積層。 又’ η型層3及ρ型層4,也可以採摻雜具有發光中心 作用之氮的形態。 接著’將被硏磨成平滑化之第二主面Η,用鹽酸:硝 酸之容量比例如爲1 : 1或3 : 3之王水蝕刻。接著如圖6Α 及圖6Β所示般,分別在第一主面10及第二主面u上蒸 鍍形成第一接觸層62及第二接觸層64,然後藉切割來分 割’即可如圖2Α所示獲得僅第二主面形成有鏡面狀的凹 曲面集合之半導體基體70。然後,藉由使用鹽酸之異向性 蝕刻,在半導體基體70之第一接觸層62形成區域及第二 主面11以外形成凸曲面53的集合,之後,藉由在第一接 觸層62上蒸鍍形成接合墊層61,即形成圖2Β所示之本發 明的GaP系半導體發光元件之一實施形態。在此,第二接 觸層64係由Au、Si及Ni之合金所構成,第一接觸層62 係由Au和Be或Zn之合金所構成,接合塾層61係由Au 構成。 藉由採用圖2B所示的形狀及電極材料,如上所述, 可提尚發光壳度。亦即,凸曲面所集合成之粗面,係具備 降低發出的光之全反射的作用,另一方面,凹曲面所集合 成之鏡面(第一主面),係具備提高發出的光之全反射的作 用。又,藉由將第二接觸層作成Au和Si或Ni所組成之 11 木纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂--------- 556362 A7 ___B7____ 五、發明說明(1 )
Au合金層,相較於以往之Au、Ge及Ni的合金、或au、 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
Sn及Te的合金等所構成之Au合金層,可減低其對發出的 光之吸收量。 接著,如圖3A所不般,以用導電糊81覆蓋於第二主 面11全域的方式將圖2B所示者固接於電極支持體7,並 在第一電極60表面上形成通電用的Au製接合線8〇。之後 ,用環氧樹脂等的封裝材料65實施模製成形來製得GaP 系半導體發光元件1〇〇(圖3B)。導電糊81,可使用對發出 的光之反射率大之銀糊等來形成。 第二主面11,由於是凹曲面所集合成之鏡面,如圖 3A所示般,透過導電糊81來將GaP系半導體基體70固 接於電極支持體7時,可將其和導電糊81間之固接面積取 得較大。因此,因來自GaP系半導體基體70橫方向之力 所產生者,包含半導體基體70的傾斜、往橫方向之滑移、 或導電81之剝離等可加以抑制。 實施例 以下,說明爲確認本發明的效果所進行的實驗結果。 (實施例1) 依據上述形成過程,進行GaP系半導體所構成之半導 體基體的形成。爲了評價所形成的半導體基體之粗面及鏡 面形狀’係使用掃描型電子顯微鏡(SEM)進行表面觀察。 其結果顯示於圖4A、圖4B及圖5。 圖4A、圖4B係顯示第二主面之表面觀察結果。圖 4A係對第二主面從垂直方向觀察的結果,圖4B係對第二 12 木纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 556362 A7 __B7___ 五、發明說明) 主面從大致水平方向觀察的結果。根據這些測定結果可知 ,係形成鏡面狀的凹曲面51之集合。又,圖4A之視野尺 寸爲270X270 μ m2,凹曲面51之粒徑在1〇〜1〇〇 μ m的範 圍。另一方面,圖4B之視野尺寸爲100X 150/zm2,凹曲 面51之深度在1〜5/zm的範圍。這些凹曲面51的粒徑及 深度形狀之結果,係顯示用王水蝕刻第二主面即可簡便地 形成鏡面狀凹曲面之集合。又,圖4A中觀察到的明暗區 域,係由於蒸鍍電極形成用的Au之故。 接著,圖5係顯示除電極形成區域外,對實施粗面化 處理之第一主面及側面,從側面之大致水平方向進行表面 觀察的結果。從圖5可知,藉由使用鹽酸之異向性蝕刻, 可在第一主面及側面上形成向外側凸之凸曲面53的集合。 圖5之視野尺寸爲25 X 37 // m2,凸曲面部53之粒徑在5 # m以下、發光波長以上的範圍,其粒徑比凹曲面51爲小。 (實施例2) 以和實施例1同樣的條件來形成半導體基體,並依據 上述形成過程來進行GaP半導體發光元件之形成。 (比較例1) 在實施別2中,除未用王水蝕刻第二主面外,係以和 實施例2同樣的條件來形成GaP半導體發光元件。 對實施例2及比較例1之GaP半導體發光元件進行亮 度測定。其結果,實施例2的發光元件之亮度比起比較例 1係高20%。 依據上述結果係確認出,藉由實施王水餓刻,凸曲面 13 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21(^ 297公釐) ' — (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂--------- 556362 A7 ____B7 _ _ 五、發明說明((I ) 所集合成的鏡面所構成之第二主面,係顯示高亮度。如包 含這種第二主面形狀之本發明所示般,藉由對除第二主面 外之半導體基體表面之大致全域實施粗面化處理,且將形 成於第二主面之接觸層用Au、Si及Ni之合金(可減低對發 出的光之吸收量)來形成,就算是間接躍遷型的GaP半導體 所構成之GaP半導體發光元件,也能提高發光效率,進而 謀求亮度之提昇。 (實施例3) 以和實施例1同樣的條件來形成半導體基體,之後透 過銀糊來將半導體基體固接於電極支持體。 (比較例2) 在實施別3中,除未用王水蝕刻第二主面外,係以同 樣的條件來形成半導體基體,之後透過銀糊來將半導體基 體固接於電極支持體。 對實施例3及比較例2所得者,如圖7A及圖7B之示 意圖所示般,從側面方向施加力F,以半導體基體70從銀 糊82剝離時的施加作爲固接力而進行固接測定。對實施例 3及比較例2所得者進fj 3 0次固接測定,測定結果顯示於 表1。 〔表1〕 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填冩本頁) -I I I I I I I · I_______. 比較例2 實施例3 平均値 111.4gmf 161.8gmf 最大値 199.0gmf 242.0gmf 最小値 69.0gmf 89.5gmf 14 t、紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 556362 A7 ________B7_____ 五、發明說明(V> ) 從表1可知,相較於比較例2,實施例3所得者不管 是固接力的最小値、最大値或平均値均來得大。根據該結 果可確認出,藉由在第二主面用王水蝕刻來形成鏡面狀的 凹曲面集合,可將其和銀糊的固接面積取大,而提昇半導 體基體對電極支持體之固接力。 本發明不限於上述實施例,可適用於GaP系半導體基 體所構成之GaP系半導體發光元件。又,圖1之多層積層 體係採單異質型的發光構造,也能採用爲提昇內部發光效 率而具有活性層之雙異質構造,基於提局外部發光效率之 il點,將形成於第一主面之電極作成ιτο等的透明電極, 可進一步加大光取出區域。 〔符號之簡單說明〕 1…η型單結晶基板 2…η型緩衝層 3、 21…η型層 4、 22···ρ 型層 5…ρ型接觸層 7…電極支持體 10…第一主面 11…第二主面 23…傾斜部 24…陽極 2 5…陰極 51…凹曲面 (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------線赢 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 556362 A7 _B7 五、發明說明(6 ) 53···凸曲面 60…第一電極 61…接合墊層 62…第一接觸層 63…第二電極 64…第二接觸層 65…封裝材料 70…半導體基體 80…接合線 81…導電糊 82…銀糊 100…GaP系半導體發光元件 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 556362 B8 _^_ 六、申請專利範圍 1、 一種GaP系半導體發光元件,其特徵在於·· (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 具備:具有ρ- η接合之GaP系半導體基體,以及用 來對該半導體基體施加發光驅動電壓之電極; 以半導體基體之p型層側的主面作爲第一主面,以其 相反側的主面作爲第二主面,在半導體基體之第一主面及 側面,形成向外側凸之凸曲面所集合成之粗面,且在第二 主面,係用王水蝕刻來形成鏡面。 2、 如申請專利範圍第1項之GaP系半導體發光元件 ’其中該第二主面,係向半導體基體的內側凸之鏡面狀凹 曲面所集合成之鏡面。 3、 如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之GaP系半導體發 光元件,其中該第二主面,係硏磨後用王水蝕刻而形成之 鏡面。 4、 如申請專利範圍第2項之GaP系半導體發光元件 ,其中該凹曲面,其粒徑爲5//m〜150# m,且其朝內側的 深度爲〇.5/zm〜15//m。 5、 如申請專利範圍第1項之GaP系半導體發光元件 ,其中,該半導體基體,係以用導電糊覆蓋第二主面全域 的方式固接於電極支持體。 6、 如申請專利範圍第1項之GaP系半導體發光元件 ,其中,該第二主面上所形成之電極的接觸層,係由Au、 Si及Ni所組成之合金所形成。 7、 如申請專利範圍第1項之GaP系半導體發光元件 ,其中,該第一主面上所形成之電極的接觸層,係由Au _____ι__ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 556362 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 和Be或Zn之合金所形成。 8、 一種GaP系半導體發光元件,其特徵在於: (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 具備:具有p - η接合之GaP系半導體基體,以及用 來對該半導體基體施加發光驅動電壓之電極; 以半導體基體之p型層側的主面作爲第一主面,以其 相反側的主面作爲第二主面,在半導體基體之第一主面及 側面,形成向外側凸之凸曲面所集合成之粗面; 在第二主面,形成鏡面狀的凹曲面所集合成之鏡面; 形成於第一主面上之電極的接觸層,係由Au和Be或 Zn之合金所形成,形成於第二主面上之電極的接觸層,係 由Au、Si及Ni所組成的合金所形成,以用導電糊覆蓋第 二主面全域的方式,將GaP半導體基體固接於電極支持體 〇 9、 如申請專利範圍第8項之GaP系半導體發光元件 ,其中該第二主面,係硏磨後用王水蝕刻而形成之鏡面。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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JP3737494B2 (ja) | 2003-06-10 | 2006-01-18 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体発光素子及びその製造方法並びに半導体発光装置 |
US6921924B2 (en) * | 2003-06-18 | 2005-07-26 | United Epitaxy Company, Ltd | Semiconductor light-emitting device |
US7772605B2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2010-08-10 | Showa Denko K.K. | Compound semiconductor light-emitting device |
KR100568297B1 (ko) | 2004-03-30 | 2006-04-05 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 질화물 반도체 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP4154731B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-27 | 2008-09-24 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 発光素子の製造方法及び発光素子 |
JP4092658B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-27 | 2008-05-28 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 発光素子の製造方法 |
JP2005327979A (ja) | 2004-05-17 | 2005-11-24 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体発光素子および半導体発光装置 |
US7557380B2 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2009-07-07 | Cree, Inc. | Light emitting devices having a reflective bond pad and methods of fabricating light emitting devices having reflective bond pads |
KR100638819B1 (ko) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-10-27 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 광추출효율이 개선된 수직구조 질화물 반도체 발광소자 |
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TW200717843A (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-05-01 | Epistar Corp | Light-emitting element with high-light-extracting-efficiency |
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JP5282503B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-19 | 2013-09-04 | 日亜化学工業株式会社 | 半導体発光素子 |
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US9012948B2 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2015-04-21 | Epistar Corporation | Light-emitting element having a plurality of contact parts |
US8916883B2 (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2014-12-23 | Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. | Light emitting device and method for fabricating the same |
CN102544269A (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-04 | 映瑞光电科技(上海)有限公司 | 侧壁具有微柱透镜阵列图案的led芯片的制造方法 |
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WO2016079929A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-05-26 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 発光素子及び発光素子の製造方法 |
TW201939764A (zh) | 2015-02-17 | 2019-10-01 | 新世紀光電股份有限公司 | 發光元件的製作方法 |
CN105470361A (zh) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 天津三安光电有限公司 | 一种粗糙化不可见光全角度发光二级管及其制作方法 |
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JP2907170B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-28 | 1999-06-21 | サンケン電気株式会社 | 半導体発光素子 |
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