TW202128134A - 非動物性軟膠囊調配物、其製備方法及使用方法 - Google Patents
非動物性軟膠囊調配物、其製備方法及使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202128134A TW202128134A TW109135193A TW109135193A TW202128134A TW 202128134 A TW202128134 A TW 202128134A TW 109135193 A TW109135193 A TW 109135193A TW 109135193 A TW109135193 A TW 109135193A TW 202128134 A TW202128134 A TW 202128134A
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- soft gel
- weight
- starch
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- shell composition
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Abstract
在某些實施例中揭示一種軟凝膠組合物,其包含囊封於外殼組合物中之填充材料。本發明係關於一種具有非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物之外殼組合物。當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1 N HCl及去離子水中用具有槳葉之USP設備II在75 RPM下溶解該外殼組合物時,其在小於30分鐘內完全溶解。
Description
本發明係關於非動物性軟膠囊調配物。本文亦揭示製備此類軟膠囊之方法及其使用方法。
將營養或醫藥劑之溶液或分散液囊封於軟膠囊內之液體載劑中,提供優於其他劑型(諸如壓縮、塗佈或未經塗佈之固體錠劑或散裝液體製劑)之眾多優勢。此類囊封溶液或分散液使得能夠精確遞送單位劑量,此在必須投與相對較少量之活性成分時尤其重要。另外,藉由以下更難以實現均勻性:在其中必須將固體均勻地混合及壓縮之壓片製程,或將總劑量之活性成分摻入至必須在每次經口投與之前進行量測之散裝液體載劑中。
此外,軟膠囊(最常見地軟明膠膠囊)提供一種患者更易於接受之劑型,因為膠囊易於吞咽且無需經調味以便掩蓋活性劑之令人不愉快的味道。與散裝液體相比,軟膠囊亦更易於被患者運輸,此係因為僅需要自封裝中取出所需數目之劑量。
藥物之軟囊封進一步具有改善醫藥劑之生物可用性的潛力。一旦外殼破裂,則活性成分即以液體形式迅速釋放。不同於製錠組合物之情況,膠囊之完全崩解並不為使活性成分變得可用於吸收而所必需的。此外,相對不溶性活性成分可分散於液體載劑中以提供更快之吸收。
與由動物源明膠製成之軟膠囊(其在5至15分鐘之間溶解)相比,當前非動物軟凝膠(例如Vegicaps®及OptiShell® Softgel)在溶解介質中在20至40分鐘之間溶解。對於需要快速緩解之立即釋放產物(例如鎮痛劑、抗組胺劑/過敏藥品),此類較長溶解時間對患者而言可能成問題。
因此,需要具有較短溶解及/或崩解時間之改良的非動物性軟膠囊調配物。
根據各種實施例,本文揭示一種軟凝膠組合物,其包含囊封於外殼組合物中之填充材料。該外殼組合物包含非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物。在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1 N HCl及去離子水中用具有槳葉之USP設備II在75 RPM下對該外殼組合物進行溶解測試時,其在小於30分鐘內完全溶解。
根據某些實施例,揭示一種軟凝膠組合物,其包含由外殼組合物囊封之填充材料,該填充材料包括活性劑或化妝劑,其中該外殼組合物包含:非動物源膠凝劑,其包含角叉菜膠、澱粉或其組合;及水溶性聚合物,其包含聚乙烯醇、普魯蘭膠(pullulan gum)、聚乳酸、聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物、高分子量聚乙二醇、普維酮(povidone)、界面活性劑或其組合。
本文亦揭示製備包含非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物之軟凝膠組合物之方法的各種實施例。
根據其他實施例,本文揭示一種軟凝膠組合物及其製造及處理方法,該軟凝膠組合物包含含有活性劑(或化妝劑)之填充材料,該填充材料由包含非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物之外殼組合物囊封。
根據又其他實施例,本文揭示一種藉由向有需要之個體投與本文所描述之軟凝膠組合物中之任一者來治療可藉由本文所描述之活性劑或化妝劑治療之病況的方法。
相關申請案
本申請案主張於2019年10月9日提交之美國臨時專利申請案第62/912,286號之優先權,其以全文引用之方式併入本文中。
本文描述軟凝膠組合物(例如囊封填充材料之軟膠囊膜組合物)、製備方法及其使用方法之各種實施例。應理解,本發明不限於以下描述中所闡述之建構或製程步驟之細節。本發明能夠具有其他實施例且能夠以多種方式實踐或進行。
貫穿本說明書提及「一個實施例」、「某些實施例」、「一或多個實施例」或「一實施例」意謂本發明之至少一個實施例中包含結合實施例所描述之特定特色、結構、材料或特徵。因此,諸如「在一或多個實施例中」、「在某些實施例中」、「在一個實施例中」或「在一實施例中」之片語在貫穿本說明書之不同地方出現未必係指本發明之相同實施例。此外,在一或多個實施例中,特定特色、結構、材料或特徵可以任何合適方式組合。
除非上下文另外明確指出,否則如本文所用,單數形式「一(a/an)」及「該(the)」包括複數個參照物。因此,舉例而言,提及「聚合物」包括單一聚合物以及兩種或更多種聚合物之混合物。
如本文結合量測量所用,術語「約」係指在進行量測且行使與量測之目標及量測設備之精確度相匹配之照護等級
時如熟練技術人員所預期之所述量測量的正常變化。在某些實施例中,術語「約」包括所述數值±10%,使得「約10」將包括9至11。
結合量測量所用之術語「至少約」係指在進行量測且行使與量測之目標及量測設備之精確度相匹配之照護等級
時如熟練技術人員所預期之所述量測量的正常變化。在某些實施例中,術語「至少約」包括所述數值減10%及任何更高之數量,使得「至少約10」將包括9及大於9之任何數值。此術語亦可表示為「約10或更大」。類似地,術語「小於約」通常包括所述數值加上10%及任何更低之數量,使得「小於約10」將包括11及小於11之任何值。此術語亦可表示為「約10或更小」。
術語「立即釋放」係指如本文所揭示之劑型(例如軟膠囊調配物),如藉由在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl (視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用USP設備II以約50 RPM至約250 RPM進行活體內溶解所量測,其在約30分鐘內、或約45分鐘內、或約60分鐘內釋放至少約85重量%、至少約90重量%、或至少約95重量%活性劑(或化妝劑),該活性劑(或化妝劑)囊封在外殼組合物內。
術語「控制釋放」係指如本文所揭示之劑型(例如軟膠囊調配物),其歷經一段時間釋放囊封於外殼組合物內之活性劑(或化妝劑),例如以提供每日一次或每日兩次劑型。
如本文所使用之術語「軟凝膠」並不暗示明膠必定為外殼組合物(或膜組合物)及/或填充材料(或填充組合物)之一部分。在某些實施例中,外殼組合物(或膜組合物)可包括明膠,而在其他實施例中,外殼組合物可不含明膠。類似地,在某些實施例中,填充材料(或填充組合物)可包括明膠,而在其他實施例中,填充材料可不含明膠。貫穿本說明書,術語「軟凝膠」可與術語「軟外殼」互換使用。
貫穿本說明書,術語「外殼組合物」可與術語「膜組合物」、「外殼」及「膜」互換使用。此等術語係指軟凝膠組合物之外部部分(例如此等術語係指囊封填充材料之軟膠囊之外殼)。
貫穿本說明書,術語「填充材料」可與術語「填充組合物」及「填充」互換使用。此等術語係指藉由外殼組合物囊封之軟凝膠組合物之內部部分(例如軟膠囊之內部部分)。
貫穿本說明書,術語「軟凝膠組合物」可與術語「軟凝膠調配物」及「劑型」互換使用。在某些實施例中,術語「軟凝膠組合物」或術語「軟凝膠調配物」可分別與術語「軟膠囊組合物」或術語「軟膠囊調配物」互換使用。
除非另有指示,否則所有份數及百分比均以重量計。若未另外指示,則重量百分比(重量%)係按不含任何揮發物之整個組合物計,亦即按乾燥固體含量計。
除非另外指示,否則本文中值範圍之列舉僅意欲充當單獨提及屬於該範圍內之各獨立值的簡寫方法,且各獨立值併入至本說明書中,如同在本文中單獨列舉一般。除非本文中另外指示或另外上下文明顯矛盾,否則本文中所描述之所有方法可以任何適合之次序進行。
本文所提供之任何及所有實例或例示性語言(例如「諸如」)之使用僅意欲說明某些材料及方法且不對範疇造成限制。本說明書之語言均不應解釋為指示任何非主張之要素對於所揭示之材料及方法之實踐為必不可少的。
儘管本文中之揭示內容係參考特定實施例,但應理解,此等實施例僅說明本發明之原理及應用。熟習此項技術者將顯而易知,可在不脫離本發明之精神及範疇之情況下對組合物及方法進行各種修改及變化。因此,希望本發明包括在所附申請專利範圍及其等效物之範疇內的修改及變化。 軟膠囊調配物
本文揭示一種軟膠囊外殼組合物,其包含非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物。在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1 N HCl及去離子水中用具有槳葉之USP設備II在50-250 RPM (例如75 RPM)下溶解該外殼組合物時,其在小於30分鐘內完全溶解。在某些實施例中,軟膠囊外殼組合物在小於25分鐘、小於20分鐘、小於15分鐘、小於10分鐘或小於5分鐘內溶解。
在軟膠囊外殼組合物之某些實施例中,非動物源膠凝劑包含角叉菜膠及澱粉。軟膠囊外殼組合物中角叉菜膠與澱粉之重量比可為例如約1:1至約1:10、約1:1至約1:8、約1:1至約1:5、或約1:2.5至約1:4.5。在某些實施例中,在軟膠囊外殼組合物中包括水溶性聚合物有助於使角叉菜膠與澱粉之重量比(例如關於溶解、崩解、彈性、強度等)不如若軟膠囊外殼組合物不包括本文所描述之水溶性聚合物否則會存在之情況那麼關鍵。
在某些實施例中亦揭示一種包含含有活性劑之填充材料的軟膠囊調配物,其中該填充材料由如本文所揭示之外殼組合物囊封。填充材料可包含例如親水性材料、親脂性材料、兩親媒性材料或其組合以及視情況選用之界面活性劑。填充材料可為溶液、懸浮液、半固體或固體且可進一步包括活性劑(例如活性藥劑成分或類藥劑營養品)或化妝劑。
如本文所揭示之外殼組合物亦可含有緩衝劑、塑化劑及水中之至少一者。如本文所描述之軟膠囊調配物可為素食的且不含諸如明膠之動物源材料。在某些實施例中,外殼組合物可包含小於10重量%、小於5重量%、小於1重量%或0重量%之動物源膠凝劑。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl及去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP設備II以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)溶解本文所揭示之外殼組合物時,其在小於25分鐘、小於20分鐘、小於15分鐘、小於10分鐘或小於5分鐘內完全溶解。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP設備II以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)溶解本文所揭示之外殼組合物時,其在約5分鐘、約8分鐘、約10分鐘、約12分鐘或約15分鐘中之任一者至約20分鐘、約23分鐘、約25分鐘、約28分鐘、約30分鐘或約35分鐘中之任一者內完全溶解。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP設備II以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)溶解本文所揭示之外殼組合物時,其在小於15分鐘、小於10分鐘、小於9分鐘、小於8分鐘或小於7分鐘內開始溶解。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP設備II以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)溶解本文所揭示之外殼組合物時,其在約1分鐘、約2分鐘、約3分鐘、約4分鐘或約5分鐘中之任一者至約7分鐘、約8分鐘、約9分鐘、約10分鐘、約15分鐘中之任一者內開始溶解。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP崩解設備以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)使本文所揭示之包括用外殼組合物囊封之填充材料的軟凝膠組合物(例如軟膠囊)崩解時,其在小於25分鐘、小於20分鐘、小於15分鐘、小於10分鐘或小於5分鐘內開始破裂。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP崩解設備以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)使本文所揭示之包括用外殼組合物囊封之填充材料的軟凝膠組合物(例如軟膠囊)崩解時,其在約1分鐘、約2分鐘、約3分鐘、約4分鐘、約5分鐘或約7分鐘中之任一者至約8分鐘、約9分鐘、約10分鐘、約15分鐘或約20分鐘中之任一者內開始破裂。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP崩解設備以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)使本文所揭示之包括用外殼組合物囊封之填充材料的軟凝膠組合物(例如軟膠囊)崩解時,其在小於45分鐘、小於40分鐘、小於35分鐘、小於30分鐘或小於25分鐘內完全溶解。
在某些實施例中,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1N HCl與去離子水(視情況與胃蛋白酶一起)下用具有槳葉之USP崩解設備以約50 RPM至約250 RPM (例如約50 RPM、或以約75 RPM、或以約100 RPM、或以約150 RPM、或以約200 RPM、或以約250 RPM)使本文所揭示之包括用外殼組合物囊封之填充材料的軟凝膠組合物(例如軟膠囊)崩解時,其在約15分鐘、約18分鐘、約20分鐘、約22分鐘、約25分鐘中之任一者至約30分鐘、約35分鐘、約40分鐘或約45分鐘中之任一者內完全溶解。
應理解,外殼組合物之溶解及/或崩解時間可與填充材料之溶解及/或崩解時間無關。活性劑自劑型之釋放曲線可取決於外殼組合物及填充組合物。外殼組合物之溶解及/或崩解時間可至少部分指示活性劑自劑型之釋放概況。根據本文所描述之實施例,劑型可調配為立即釋放劑型(例如藉由用立即釋放填充材料調配立即釋放外殼組合物)及控制釋放劑型(例如藉由用控制釋放填充材料調配立即釋放外殼組合物)。
根據某些實施例,水溶性聚合物可包含例如聚乙烯醇(PVA)、普魯蘭膠、聚乳酸、聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物(PVA-PEG共聚物)、高分子量聚乙二醇、普維酮、界面活性劑(例如月桂基硫酸鈉)或其組合。在一個實施例中,水溶性聚合物為PVA。在一個實施例中,水溶性聚合物為PVA-PEG共聚物。在一個實施例中,水溶性聚合物為普魯蘭膠。高分子量聚乙二醇可為具有在約600 Da至約2,000,000 Da範圍內之數均分子量及其中之任何數均分子量(例如PEG 600、PEG 800、PEG 1000、PEG 1500、PEG 3350、PEG 4000、PEG 6000、PEG 8000等)的聚乙二醇。在某些實施例中,水溶性聚合物在外殼組合物中的量為:例如約0.5重量%至約10重量%、約0.5重量%至約12重量%、約1重量%至約15重量%、約1重量%至約20重量%、約2重量%至約22重量%、約2重量%至約7重量%、約0.5重量%至約8重量%、約3重量%至約9重量%、約2.5重量%至約30重量%、約10重量%至約50重量%、或約20重量%至約40重量%、或約15重量%至約30重量%、或約15重量%、或約18重量%、或約20重量%、或約22重量%、或約25重量%、或約28重量%、或約30重量%,或其中之任何子範圍或單一濃度值,其中所有重量%係按外殼組合物之總重量計。
根據實施例,非動物性膠凝劑可包括例如角叉菜膠、澱粉、預膠凝化澱粉、三仙膠、瓊脂、果膠、海藻酸鹽、糖、糖源醇、單醣、二醣、寡醣、纖維素衍生物、纖維素聚合物、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、微晶纖維素、綠坡縷石(attapulgite)、膨潤土(bentonite)、糊精(dextrin)、海藻酸鹽、高嶺土、卵磷脂、矽酸鎂鋁、卡波姆(carbomer)、卡波普(carbopol)、二氧化矽、卡德蘭膠(curdlan)、紅藻膠、白蛋白(例如蛋或乳酸源)、大豆蛋白、幾丁聚糖、愈創膠(guaic gum)、大瑪琳籽多醣(tamarind seed polysaccharide)、葡甘聚醣、甲殼素、普魯蘭(pluran)、環糊精(cyclodextrin)或其組合。
角叉菜膠可為ι角叉菜膠、κ角叉菜膠及λ角叉菜膠中之至少一者。
澱粉可為改質澱粉或天然澱粉、甘薯澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、玉米澱粉、木薯澱粉、豌豆澱粉、羥基丙基化澱粉、羥基烷基化澱粉、酸處理澱粉、糊精、高直鏈澱粉非經改質之玉米澱粉、經改質之蠟質玉米澱粉、非粒狀澱粉、經改質之高直鏈澱粉玉米澱粉、預糊化米粉及其組合。如本文及申請專利範圍中所用,術語「改質澱粉」包括諸如羥丙基化澱粉、酸解澱粉及其類似物。一般而言,改質澱粉為藉由化學處理澱粉製備之產物,例如酸處理澱粉、酶處理澱粉、氧化澱粉、交聯澱粉及其他澱粉衍生物。較佳的是,改質澱粉經衍生化,其中用親水性或疏水性基團修飾側鏈以藉此形成側鏈之間具有強相互作用之更複雜結構。
在某些實施例中,非動物性膠凝劑在外殼組合物中之量為:例如約2重量%至約20重量%、約2重量%至約15重量%、約2重量%至約40重量%、約10重量%至約80重量%、或約15重量%至約75重量%、或約20重量%至約70重量%、或約25重量%至約60重量%、或約25重量%至約45重量%、或約20重量%至約35重量%、或約30重量%至約40重量%、或約32重量%、或約35重量%、或約38重量%,或其中之任何子範圍或單一濃度值,其中所有重量%係按外殼組合物之總重量計。在一個實施例中,非動物性膠凝劑包括角叉菜膠且不包括澱粉(或改質澱粉)。在一個實施例中,軟凝膠外殼組合物實質上不含或不含澱粉(或改質澱粉)。
在某些實施例中,水溶性聚合物(例如PVA、PVA-PEG共聚物、普魯蘭或其組合)與非動物性膠凝劑(例如角叉菜膠、澱粉或其組合)之重量比可在約20:1至約1:20、約15:1至約1:15、約10:1至約1:10、約8:1至約1:8、約5:1至約1:5、約3:1至約1:3或約2:1至約1:2或約1:1範圍內。在不理解為限制之情況下,咸信水溶性聚合物與非動物性膠凝劑之重量比對本文所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物之溶解時間有影響。
根據實施例,緩衝劑包括以下中之至少一者:磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸二氫鈉、碳酸氫鈉、檸檬酸鈉、磷酸二鈉、磷酸鈣、磷酸氫二鈣、磷酸鈣、磷酸二氫鉀及磷酸氫二鉀。在實施例中,該緩衝劑包含磷酸氫二鈉。在實施例中,緩衝劑在外殼組合物中之量為約0.01重量%至約5重量%、或約0.05重量%至約4重量%、或約0.1重量%至約3重量%、或約0.5重量%至約3重量%、或約1.0重量%、或其中之任何子範圍或單一濃度值,其中所有重量%係按外殼組合物之總重量計。
根據各種實施例,塑化劑可包含例如甘油、山梨糖醇、山梨糖醇及山梨糖醇酐溶液、三醋精、聚山梨醇酯、丙二醇、月桂基硫酸鈉(SLS)、糖醇(例如麥芽糖醇)或其組合。在某些實施例中,塑化劑為甘油。在一個實施例中,塑化劑為山梨糖醇。在一個實施例中,塑化劑為SLS。在實施例中,塑化劑在外殼組合物中之量為:約0.5重量%至約40.0重量%、10重量%至約30.0重量%、或約12重量%至約28重量%、或約15重量%至約30重量%、或約18重量%至約23重量%、或約18重量%、或約20重量%、或約22重量%、或約25重量%、或約28重量%、或約30重量%,或其中之任何子範圍或單一濃度值,其中所有重量%係按外殼組合物之總重量計。
在某些實施例中,軟膠囊外殼組合物含有水。水可以如下之量存在於外殼組合物中:約30重量%至約60重量%、或約35重量%至約55重量%、或約40重量%至約50重量%、或約42重量%、或約43重量%、或約44重量%、或約45重量%、或約45.5重量%、或約46重量%、或約47重量%、或約48重量%,或其中之任何子範圍或單一濃度值,其中所有重量%係按外殼組合物之總重量計。根據某些實施例,外殼組合物中之水與非動物性膠凝劑之重量比為約1:5至約5:1、或約1:4至約4:1、或約1:3至約3:1、或約1:1、或約2:1、或約3:1、或約4:1、或約5:1。
在某些實施例中,如藉由根據實例中所描述之細節的質地分析儀所量測,本文所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物具有大於約5.0 kg、大於約5.2 kg或大於約5.4 kg之膜強度。在某些實施例中,本文所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物之膜強度在以下範圍內:約3.5 kg、約4.0 kg、約4.5 kg、約5.0 kg或約5.5 kg中之任一者至約6.0 kg、約6.5 kg、約7.0 kg、約7.5 kg、約8.0 kg、約8.5 kg、約9.0 kg、約9.5 kg、約10.0 kg、約10.5 kg、約11.0 kg、約11.5 kg或約12.0 kg中之任一者,或其中之任何單一值或子範圍。在某些實施例中,本文所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物之膜強度在約3.5 kg至約12.0 kg、約5.0 kg至約12.0 kg、約5.2 kg至約10.0 kg、或約5.0 kg至約7.0 kg範圍內。
在某些實施例中,如藉由根據實例中所描述之細節的質地分析儀所量測,本文所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物具有大於約7.7 mm、大於約8.0 mm或大於約8.2 mm之彈性。在某些實施例中,本文中所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物之彈性範圍為約6 mm、約6.5 mm、約7.0 mm、約7.5 mm、約8.0 mm或約8.5 mm中之任一者至約9.0 mm、約9.5 mm、約10.0 mm、約10.5 mm、約11.0 mm、約11.5 mm或約12.0 mm中之任一者,或其中之任何單一值或子範圍。在某些實施例中,本文所述之軟凝膠外殼組合物之彈性為約6.0 mm至約12.0 mm、約7.0 mm至約10.0 mm、約8.0 mm至約12.0 mm、或約8.0 mm至約10.0 mm。
在某些實施例中,本文所描述之軟凝膠外殼組合物具有足夠的彈性以允許形成膠囊,同時亦足夠堅固以經受住囊封機器(例如旋轉模具)中之操控,且在低於軟凝膠外殼組合物之熔點之溫度下提供良好密封特性,所有均不損害軟凝膠外殼組合物及膠囊之溶解或崩解概況。
如本文所揭示之軟膠囊調配物可進一步包括填充材料。填充材料可含有菜籽油、中鏈三酸甘油酯油、聚乙二醇及其組合中之至少一者。親脂性及/或親水性及/或醇填充材料亦可與本文所描述之軟膠囊填充材料一起囊封。 活性劑
可出於本發明之目的使用任何醫藥學上活性成分,包括水溶性成分及水溶性不佳之成分兩者。適合之醫藥學上活性成分包括但不限於:鎮痛劑及消炎劑、抗酸劑、驅蟲劑、抗心律不整劑、抗細菌劑、抗凝血劑、抗抑鬱劑、抗糖尿病劑、止瀉劑、抗癲癇劑、抗真菌劑、抗痛風劑、抗高血壓劑、抗瘧疾劑、抗偏頭痛劑、抗蕈毒鹼劑、抗腫瘤劑及免疫抑制劑、抗原蟲劑、抗風濕劑、抗甲狀腺劑、抗病毒劑、抗焦慮劑、鎮靜劑、安眠藥及精神安定劑、β-阻斷劑、心肌收縮劑、皮質類固醇、咳嗽抑制劑、細胞毒素劑、解充血劑、利尿劑、酶、抗帕金森氏病劑(anti-parkinsonian agent)、胃腸劑、組胺受體拮抗劑、脂質調整劑、局部麻醉劑、肌神經劑、硝酸酯及抗心絞痛劑、營養劑、類鴉片鎮痛劑、口腔疫苗、蛋白質、肽及重組藥物、性激素及避孕藥、殺精劑、興奮劑,及其組合。
在一些實施例中,活性藥劑成分可選自以下之群(不限於以下之群):達比加群(dabigatran)、決奈達隆(dronedarone)、替卡格雷(ticagrelor)、伊潘立酮(iloperidone)、依伐卡托(ivacaftor)、米哚妥林(midostaurine)、阿西馬朵林(asimadoline)、倍氯米松(beclomethasone)、阿普司特(apremilast)、沙帕他濱(sapacitabine)、林斯替尼(linsitinib)、阿比特龍(abiraterone)、維生素D類似物(例如骨化二醇(calcifediol)、促鈣三醇(calcitriol)、帕利骨化醇(paricalcitol)、度骨化醇(doxercalciferol))、COX-2抑制劑(例如塞內昔布(celecoxib)、伐地考昔(valdecoxib)、羅非考昔(rofecoxib))、他克莫司(tacrolimus)、睪固酮(testosterone)、魯比前列酮(lubiprostone)、其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及其組合。
在一些實施例中,劑型中之脂質可在無限制之情況下選自以下之群中:杏仁油、摩洛哥堅果油、鱷梨油、琉璃苣籽油、菜籽油(canola oil)、腰果油、蓖麻油、氫化蓖麻油、可可脂、椰子油、菜籽油(colza oil)、玉米油、棉籽油、葡萄籽油、榛子油、大麻油、羥化卵磷脂、卵磷脂、亞麻籽油、夏威夷果油、芒果脂、馬尼拉油(manila oil)、蒙剛果油、橄欖油、棕櫚仁油、棕櫚油、花生油、山核桃油、紫蘇油(perilla oil)、松子油、開心果油、罌粟籽油、南瓜籽油、米糠油、紅花油、芝麻油、牛油樹油、大豆油、葵花油、氫化植物油、胡桃油及西瓜籽油。其他油及脂肪可包括但不限於魚油(Ω-3)、磷蝦油、動物或植物脂肪(例如呈其氫化形式)、游離脂肪酸及具有C8-、C10-、C12-、C14-、C16-、C18-、C20-及C22-脂肪酸之單甘油酯、二甘油酯及三甘油酯及其組合。
根據某些實施例,活性劑可包括降脂劑,包括但不限於士他汀(statin) (例如洛伐他汀(lovastatin)、辛伐他汀(simvastatin)、普伐他汀(pravastatin)、氟伐他汀(fluvastatin)、阿托伐他汀(atorvastatin)、羅素他汀(rosuvastatin)及匹伐他汀(pitavastatin))、纖維酸酯(例如氯貝特(clofibrate)、環丙貝特(ciprofibrate)、苯紮貝特(bezafibrate)、非諾貝特(fenofibrate)及吉非羅齊(gemfibrozil))、煙酸、膽酸螯合劑、依澤替米貝(ezetimibe)、洛美他派(lomitapide)、植物固醇及其醫藥上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物及前藥、前述任一者之混合物及其類似物。
適合之類藥劑營養品活性劑可包括但不限於5-羥基色胺酸、乙醯基L-肉鹼、α類脂酸、α-酮戊二酸酯、蜂產品、鹽酸甜菜鹼、牛軟骨、咖啡鹼、鯨蠟基肉豆蔻酸酯、木炭、幾丁聚糖、膽鹼、硫酸軟骨素、輔酶Q10、膠原蛋白、初乳、肌酸、氰鈷胺素(維生素812)、二甲胺基乙醇、反丁烯二酸、鍺倍半氧化物、腺產品、葡糖胺HCI、硫酸葡糖胺、丁酸羥甲酯、免疫球蛋白、乳酸、L-肉鹼、肝產品、蘋果酸、無水麥芽糖、甘露糖(d-甘露糖)、甲基磺醯基甲烷、植物固醇、吡啶甲酸、丙酮酸酯、紅色酵母提取物、S-腺苷甲硫胺酸、硒酵母、鯊魚軟骨、可可豆鹼、硫酸氧釩及酵母。
適合之營養補充劑活性劑可包括維生素、礦物質、纖維、脂肪酸、胺基酸、草藥補充劑或其組合。
適合之維生素活性劑可包括但不限於以下:抗壞血酸(維生素C)、維生素B、生物素、脂溶性維生素、葉酸、羥基檸檬酸、肌醇、礦物質抗壞血酸、混合生育酚、煙酸(維生素B3)、乳清酸、對胺基苯甲酸、泛酸酯、泛酸(維生素B5)、鹽酸吡哆醇(維生素B6)、核黃素(維生素B2)、合成維生素、硫胺素(維生素B1)、參雙鍵生殖酚、維生素A、維生素D、維生素E、維生素F、維生素K、維生素油及油溶性維生素。
適合之草本營養補充劑活性劑可包括但不限於以下:山金車(arnica)、覆盆子(bilberry)、黑升麻(black cohosh)、貓爪、甘菊、紫花馬蘭菊、月見草油、葫蘆巴、亞麻籽、夏白菊、大蒜、薑根、銀杏、人參、鼠尾草、山楂、卡瓦醉椒(kava-kava)、甘草、乳薊、洋車前(psyllium)、蘿芙木(rauowolfia)、番瀉葉、大豆、聖約翰草(St. John's wort)、鋸棕櫚、薑黃、纈草。
礦物質活性劑可包括但不限於以下:硼、鈣、螯合礦物質、氯化物、鉻、經塗佈之礦物質、鈷、銅、白雲石、碘、鐵、鎂、錳、礦物質預混物、礦物質產物、鉬、磷、鉀、硒、鈉、釩、蘋果酸、丙酮酸鹽、鋅及其他礦物質。
其他可能活性劑之實例包括但不限於:抗組織胺(例如雷尼替丁(ranitidine)、茶苯海明(dimenhydrinate)、苯海拉明(diphenhydramine)、氯芬尼拉明(chlorpheniramine)及右旋氯菲安明順丁烯二酸酯(dexchlorpheniramine maleate))、非類固醇消炎劑(例如阿司匹林、塞內昔布(celecoxib)、Cox-2抑制劑、雙氯芬酸、苯惡洛芬(benoxaprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、非諾洛芬(fenoprofen)、氟布芬(flubufen)、吲哚洛芬(indoprofen)、吡洛芬(piroprofen)、卡洛芬(carprofen)、奧沙普嗪(oxaprozin)、普莫洛芬(pramoprofen)、莫羅洛芬(muroprofen)、三噁洛芬(trioxaprofen)、舒洛芬(suprofen)、胺布洛芬(aminoprofen)、氟洛芬(fluprofen)、布氯酸(bucloxic acid)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、舒林酸(sulindac)、佐美酸(zomepirac)、硫平酸(tiopinac)、齊多美辛(zidometacin)、阿西美辛acemetacin)、芬替酸(fentiazac)、環氯茚酸(clidanac)、噁平酸(oxpinac)、甲氯芬那酸(meclofenamic acid)、氟芬那酸(flufenamic acid)、氟尼酸(niflumic acid)、托芬那酸(tolfenamic acid)、二氟尼柳(diflurisal)、氟苯柳(flufenisal)、吡羅昔康(piroxicam)、舒多昔康(sudoxicam)、伊索昔康(isoxicam)、醋氯芬酸(aceclofenac)、阿洛普令(aloxiprin)、阿紮丙酮(azapropazone)、貝諾酯(benorilate)、溴芬酸(bromfenac)、卡洛芬(carprofen)、膽鹼水楊酸鎂、二氟尼柳(diflunisal)、依託度酸(etodolac)、依他昔布(etoricoxib)、菲斯胺(faislamine)、芬布芬(fenbufen)、非諾洛芬(fenoprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、布洛芬(ibuprofen)、吲哚美辛、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、酮咯酸(ketorolac)、氯諾昔康(lornoxicam)、洛索洛芬(loxoprofen)、美洛昔康(meloxicam)、甲芬那酸(mefenamic acid)、安乃近(metamizole)、水楊酸甲酯、水楊酸鎂、萘丁美酮(nabumetone)、萘普生(naproxen)、尼美舒利(nimesulide)、羥基保泰松(oxyphenbutazone)、帕瑞考昔(parecoxib)、苯基丁氮酮、雙水楊酸酯、舒林酸(sulindac)、苯磺唑酮(sulfinpyrazone)、替諾昔康(tenoxicam)、噻洛芬酸(tiaprofenic acid)、托美丁(tolmetin)、其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及其混合物、對乙醯氨基酚、止吐藥(例如甲氧氯普胺(metoclopramide)、甲基拿淬松(methylnaltrexone))、抗癲癇藥(例如苯妥英(phenyloin)、甲丙氨酯(meprobmate)及硝西泮(nitrazepam))、血管擴張劑(例如硝苯地平(nifedipine)、罌粟鹼(papaverine)、地爾硫卓(diltiazem)及尼卡地平(nicardipine))、抗咳嗽藥劑及祛痰劑(例如可待因磷酸酯(codeine phosphate))、抗氣喘藥(例如茶鹼(theophylline))、解酸劑、抗痙攣藥(例如阿托品(atropine)、莨菪鹼(scopolamine))、抗糖尿病藥(例如胰島素)、利尿劑(例如依他尼酸(ethacrynic acid)、苄氟噻嗪(bendrofluthiazide))、抗低血壓藥(例如普萘洛爾(propranolol)、可樂定(clonidine))、抗高血壓藥(例如可樂定、甲基多巴(methyldopa))、支氣管擴張劑(例如沙丁胺醇(albuterol))、類固醇(例如氫皮質酮(hydrocortisone)、曲安西龍(triamcinolone)、潑尼松(prednisone))、抗生素(例如四環素(tetracycline))、治痔藥、安眠藥、擬精神藥物、止瀉藥、黏液溶解劑、鎮靜劑、解充血劑(例如假麻黃素)、瀉藥、維生素、刺激劑(包括食慾抑制劑,諸如苯丙醇胺)及大麻鹼、以及其醫藥上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物及前藥。
活性劑亦可為苯并二氮呯、巴比妥酸鹽(barbiturate)、刺激劑或其混合物。術語「苯并二氮呯」係指苯并二氮呯及能夠抑制中樞神經系統之苯并二氮呯之衍生物的藥物。苯并二氮呯包括但不限於阿普唑侖(alprazolam)、溴西泮(bromazepam)、氯二氮環氧化物、氯氮平酸(clorazepate)、安定(diazepam)、艾司唑侖(estazolam)、弗拉西泮(flurazepam)、哈拉西泮(halazepam)、凱他唑侖(ketazolam)、勞拉西泮(lorazepam)、硝西泮(nitrazepam)、奧沙西泮(oxazepam)、普拉西泮(prazepam)、誇西泮(quazepam)、替馬西泮(temazepam)、三唑侖(triazolam)、哌醋甲酯(methylphenidate)以及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物、前藥及混合物。可用作活性劑之苯并二氮呯拮抗劑包括但不限於氟馬西尼(flumazenil)以及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物及混合物。
術語「巴比妥酸鹽」係指衍生自巴比妥酸(2,4,6,-三側氧基六氫嘧啶)之鎮靜劑-催眠劑藥物。巴比妥酸鹽包括但不限於異戊巴比妥(amobarbital)、阿普比妥(aprobarbotal)、仲丁巴比妥(butabarbital)、布他比妥(butalbital)、美索比妥(methohexital)、甲基苯巴比妥(mephobarbital)、美沙比妥(metharbital)、戊巴比妥(pentobarbital)、苯巴比妥(phenobarbital)、司可巴比妥(secobarbital)以及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物、前藥或混合物。可用作活性劑之巴比妥酸鹽拮抗劑包括但不限於安非他明(amphetamine)以及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物及混合物。
術語「刺激劑」包括但不限於安非他明,諸如右旋安非他明樹脂複合物、右旋安非他明、甲基安非他明、哌醋甲酯以及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、水合物及溶劑合物及混合物。可用作活性劑之刺激劑拮抗劑包括但不限於苯并二氮呯以及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽、水合物、溶劑合物及混合物。
根據本發明之軟膠囊調配物包括各種活性劑及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。醫藥學上可接受之鹽包括但不限於:無機酸鹽,諸如鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、硫酸鹽、磷酸鹽及其類似物;有機酸鹽,諸如甲酸鹽、乙酸鹽、三氟乙酸鹽、順丁烯二酸鹽、酒石酸鹽及其類似物;磺酸鹽,諸如甲磺酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽、對甲苯磺酸鹽及其類似物;胺基酸鹽,諸如精胺酸鹽、天冬胺酸鹽、麩胺酸鹽及其類似物,及金屬鹽,諸如鈉鹽、鉀鹽、銫鹽及其類似物;鹼土金屬鹽,諸如鈣鹽、鎂鹽及其類似物;有機胺鹽,諸如三乙胺鹽、吡啶鹽、甲吡啶鹽、乙醇胺鹽、三乙醇胺鹽、二環己胺鹽、N,N'-二苯甲基乙二胺鹽及其類似物。 製備軟膠囊調配物之方法
本文揭示製備如本文所揭示之軟凝膠外殼組合物及軟膠囊調配物之方法。方法包括將非動物性膠凝劑、水溶性聚合物及視情況選用之緩衝劑、塑化劑或水中之至少一者組合以形成組合。方法進一步包括加熱該組合以形成熔融體。在實施例中,熔融體為均勻熔融體。該方法可進一步包括擠壓熔融體以形成帶狀物。另外,方法可包括將帶狀物澆鑄在轉鼓上且使用旋轉模具囊封設備形成軟膠囊外殼。在實施例中,帶狀物可具有以下之厚度:例如約0.001吋至約0.100吋、約0.001吋至約0.070吋、約0.001吋至約0.050吋、或約0.005吋至約0.030吋、或約0.010吋至約0.025吋、或約0.015吋至約0.021吋、或約0.017吋、或約0.018吋、或約0.019吋、或約0.020吋、或約0.021吋、或約0.022吋。在某些實施例中,網織品可由組合形成。可隨後將網織品熔融且再使用以形成帶狀物。
在一個實施例中,方法可進一步包括將塑化劑與水(若兩者均存在)混合以形成塑化劑溶液。方法可進一步包括將合成聚合物、非動物(天然)性膠凝劑及緩衝劑(若存在)與塑化劑溶液混合。在相同實施例或在替代實施例中,組合可進一步包括將塑化劑與非動物性膠凝劑混合以形成溶液、將溶液與水混合以形成塑化劑溶液、及將水溶性聚合物及緩衝劑與塑化劑溶液(其中包括非動物性膠凝劑)混合。組合可包含將水溶性聚合物、非動物性膠凝劑、緩衝劑、塑化劑及水中之每一者引入至低剪切混合器中。在實施例中,組合可持續約1分鐘至約3小時,或約5分鐘至約2.5小時,或約15分鐘至約2.0小時,或約20分鐘至約1.5小時,或約30分鐘至1.0小時,或約5分鐘至約30分鐘。組合可在約45℃至約90℃、或約50℃至約85℃、或約55℃至約80℃、或約60℃至約70℃、或約55℃、或約60℃、或約65℃之溫度下進行。組合可進一步包括將溫度升高至約95℃至約125℃、或約100℃至約120℃、或約105℃至約115℃、或約95℃、或約96℃、或約97℃、或約98℃、或約99℃、或約100℃。
根據某些實施例,該方法可進一步包括將該組合傳送至接收槽。可將接收槽中之組合或材料傳送至加熱容器以加熱其中之材料。在某些實施例中,加熱容器可將組合加熱至約80℃至約115℃、或約85℃至約100℃、或約88℃至約95℃之溫度。根據某些實施例,方法可包括將著色劑注射至組合中。
方法亦可進一步包括將組合傳送至囊封設備。在某些實施例中,方法可包括將填充材料囊封於由上述組合中之任一者形成的軟膠囊填充材料內以形成複數種軟膠囊劑型。方法亦可進一步包括在轉筒式乾燥機中乾燥複數種軟膠囊劑型。某些實施例進一步包括封裝複數種軟膠囊劑型。 治療方法
本文揭示治療、預防、最小化或改善有需要之個體之可藉由包括於本文所描述之軟膠囊之填充材料中之活性劑治療之病況的方法。該等方法包括向有需要之個體投與本文所描述之軟膠囊中之任一者,由此在投與軟膠囊後治療、預防、最小化、改善或減緩病況。
術語「治療(treatment of/treating)」包括投與活性劑以減輕病況之嚴重程度。
術語「預防(prevention of/preventing)」包括藉由防治性投與活性劑而避免病況發作。
術語「病況(condition/conditions)」可指可藉由投與有效量之本文所描述之活性劑或化妝劑中之任一者來治療、預防、最小化或改善的彼等醫學病況。在某些實施例中,術語「病況(condition/conditions)」可指疼痛。
在某些實施例中,相比於不包括上文所述組分中之一者(諸如水溶性聚合物)的軟膠囊,本文所描述之軟膠囊(例如包括非動物源膠凝劑、水溶性聚合物及緩衝劑、塑化劑及水中之至少一者的彼等軟膠囊)促成更快T最大
。
T最大
係指活性劑之血漿濃度達到C最大
之時間。
C最大
係指活性劑之最大血漿濃度。
如本文所用,術語「有效量」係指產生所需治療或化妝結果所需之活性劑或化妝劑之量及/或比率。
術語「個體」係指已展現病況之表現(臨床或其他)的人類或動物,表明需要用本文中所描述之活性劑中之任一者進行治療。 實例
現將參照以下實例說明本發明之特定實施例。應理解,此等實例僅藉助於說明本發明來揭示且不應以任何方式限制本發明之範疇。實例 1
針對無水溶性聚合物(對照組)及有水溶性聚合物之非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物之軟膠囊調配物的比較。在37℃下在900 ml 0.1 N HCl及去離子水中用具有槳葉之USP設備II以75 RPM測試溶解。測試外殼組合物為直徑為1.0吋(25.4 mm)且厚度為0.7 mm及1.4 mm之樣品。
* 相對於角叉菜膠之重量比
表 1 | ||||||||||
配方 | 對照組 ( 當前 ) | 實例 13 - PVA-PEG 共聚物 | 實例 41 - PVA w. SLS | 實例 14 - PVA-PEG 共聚物 | 共聚物 24 - PVA | |||||
成分 | 重量 % | 比率 * | 重量 % | 比率 * | 重量 % | 比率 * | 重量 % | 比率 * | 重量 % | 比率 * |
改質澱粉 | 20 - 32 | 3.0 - 4.5 | 16 - 25 | 2.5 - 4 | 16 - 25 | 2.5 - 4 | 16 - 25 | 2.5 - 4 | 16 - 25 | 2.5 - 4 |
角叉菜膠 | 4 - 12 | 1.0 | 4 - 10 | 1.0 | 3 - 9 | 1.0 | 2.5 - 8 | 1.0 | 3.5 - 11 | 1.0 |
緩衝劑 ( 磷酸氫二鈉 ) | 0.8 - 1.2 | 0.3 - 1.1 | 0.2 - 1.5 | 0.04 - 0.6 | 0.2 - 1.5 | 0.04 - 0.6 | 0.2 - 1.5 | 0.04 - 0.6 | 0.2 - 1.5 | 0.04 - 0.6 |
塑化劑 ( Polysorb ) | 10 - 30 | 1.8 - 4.0 | 15 - 30 | 1.5 - 7.2 | 15 - 30 | 1.5 - 7.2 | 15 - 30 | 1.5 - 7.2 | 15 - 30 | 1.5 - 7.2 |
水溶性聚合物 -Kollicoat IR ( 聚乙烯醇 - 聚乙二醇接枝共聚物 ) | 0 | 0 | 0.5 - 10 | 0.05 - 1 | -- | -- | 0.4 - 8 | 0.06 - 1.2 | -- | -- |
水溶性聚合物 - 聚乙烯醇 (PVA) | 0 | 0 | -- | -- | 2.0 - 7.0 | 0.3 - 1.6 | -- | -- | 3.0 - 9.0 | 0.4 - 1.8 |
Kolliphor SLS ( 月桂基硫酸鈉 )- 塑化劑 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- | 0.5 - 3.0 | 0.1 - 0.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
水 | 35 - 55 | -- | 35 - 55 | -- | 35 - 55 | -- | 35 - 55 | -- | 35 - 55 | -- |
完全膜溶解 ( 分鐘 ) | 水 | 0.1N HCl | 水 | 0.1N HCl | 水 | 0.1N HCl | 水 | 0.1N HCl | 水 | 0.1N HCl |
樣品 1 | 63.25 | -- | 12.56 | 19.27 | 10.46 | 18.2 | 15.18 | 23.02 | 12.56 | 19.27 |
樣品 2 | 71.05 | -- | 18.22 | 19.48 | 9.56 | 17.39 | 11.57 | 21.39 | 18.22 | 19.48 |
樣品 3 | -- | -- | 12.08 | 22.0 | 10.05 | 17.26 | 9.48 | 24.49 | 12.08 | 22.0 |
樣品 4 | -- | -- | 12.31 | 24.55 | 10.13 | 22.32 | 15.31 | 24.26 | 12.31 | 24.55 |
樣品 5 | -- | -- | 16.47 | 22.11 | 11.1 | 22.09 | 15.02 | 21.00 | 16.47 | 22.11 |
樣品 6 | -- | -- | 15.19 | 21.32 | 10.22 | 20.3 | 13.37 | 20.48 | 15.19 | 21.32 |
平均 ( 分鐘 ) | -- | -- | 14.47 | 21.46 | 10.25 | 19.59 | 13.32 | 22.44 | 14.47 | 21.46 |
如表1中可見,無水溶性聚合物之對照非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物在水中之溶解時間為63.25分鐘及71.05分鐘。相比而言,每一具有水溶性聚合物(不論PVA本身、PVA與SLS或PVA-PEG共聚物)之非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物皆在水中(小於20分鐘)及在0.1 N HCl (小於25分鐘)中溶解快得多。
有趣的是,在包括PVA與SLS之非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物中觀測到比包括其他水溶性聚合物中之任一者之非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物中更快的溶解。包括PVA而無SLS之外殼組合物展現與包括PVA-PEG共聚物作為水溶性聚合物之外殼組合物類似的溶解。
不應理解為限制性的,咸信水溶性聚合物之類型以及角叉菜膠與特定水溶性聚合物之重量比可影響外殼組合物之溶解時間。 實例 2
藉由併入如下表2中所示之天然或合成水溶性聚合物來評估各種軟凝膠外殼組合物之溶解度。
表 2 - 軟凝膠外殼組合物 | ||||||
成分 | F-1 | F-2 | F-3 | F-4 | F-5 | F-6 |
重量 % | 重量 % | 重量 % | 重量 % | 重量 % | 重量 % | |
角叉菜膠 | 2 - 20 | 2 - 15 | 2 - 15 | 2 - 15 | 2 - 15 | 2 - 15 |
塑化劑(例如山梨糖醇) | 8- 45 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 |
磷酸氫二鈉(緩衝劑) | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 |
聚乙烯醇(PVA) (水溶性聚合物) | -- | 0.5 - 12 | -- | -- | 1-10 | 1-10 |
普魯蘭(水溶性聚合物) | -- | -- | 1 - 15 | -- | 1-12 | 1-12 |
聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇共聚物(PVA-PEG共聚物) (水溶性聚合物) | -- | -- | -- | 1 - 20 | -- | 0.5-8 |
製備根據上述調配物(F-1至F-6)之軟凝膠外殼組合物。將調配物F-1至F-4澆鑄成膜。使外殼組合物F-1至4乾燥至水分以外殼組合物之總重量計為6重量%-15重量%。使用質地分析儀評估乾燥外殼組合物之膜強度及彈性。表3概述使用各種水溶性聚合物製備之外殼組合物之強度及彈性。使用含有按軟凝膠外殼組合物之總重量計之6重量%-15重量%水分之乾燥外殼組合物生成數據。
用於量測強度及彈性之質地分析儀測試條件如下:將具有組合物F-1至F-4的軟凝膠膜安裝於平台上。四分之一吋球形探針以2 mm/秒朝向軟凝膠膜行進直至探針穿透膜。所量測之力為膜之強度。所量測之距離為膜之彈性。在環境條件下進行測試。
表 3 - 軟凝膠外殼組合物 F-1 至 F-4 之膜強度及彈性 | ||||
成分 | F-1 | F-2 | F-3 | F-4 |
重量 % | 重量 % | 重量 % | 重量 % | |
角叉菜膠 | 2 - 20 | 2 - 15 | 2 - 15 | 2 - 15 |
塑化劑(例如山梨糖醇) | 8- 45 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 |
磷酸氫二鈉(緩衝劑) | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 |
聚乙烯醇(PVA) | -- | 0.5 - 12 | -- | -- |
普魯蘭(水溶性聚合物) | -- | -- | 1 - 15 | -- |
聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇共聚物(PVA-PEG共聚物) (水溶性聚合物) | -- | -- | -- | 1 - 20 |
膜厚度(吋) | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.014 | 0.015 |
強度(Kg) | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.6 |
彈性(mm) | 7.5 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 7.7 |
如表3中可見,無水溶性聚合物之對照非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物具有4.9 kg之強度及7.5 mm之彈性。相比而言,每一具有水溶性聚合物(不論PVA本身、普魯蘭或PVA-PEG共聚物)之非動物性膠凝劑膠囊外殼組合物均更堅固且彈性更大,其強度大於5 kg且彈性大於8 mm。 實例 3 - 軟凝膠外殼組合物 - 溶解數據
將使用不同濃度及類型之水溶性聚合物製備之軟凝膠外殼組合物切割成1”×1”方塊,且在37℃下在0.1 N HCl與去離子水中使用USP設備II以75 RPM槳葉速度評估其在0.1 N HCl中之溶解性。表4呈現關於使用各種水溶性聚合物製備之外殼組合物之溶解度數據(亦稱作溶解數據)。
下表4之樣品中所用的角叉菜膠、塑化劑及緩衝劑之類型及濃度與表2中針對調配物F-2至F-6所描述相同。
表 4 - 乾燥軟凝膠外殼組合物在 37 ℃ 下在 0.1 N HCl 介質中之溶解 | |||
聚合物 | 濃度 | 溶解時間 ( 分鐘 ) | |
重量 % | 溶解開始時間 ( 分鐘 ) | 完全外殼溶解時間 ( 分鐘 ) | |
聚乙烯醇(PVA) | 2 | 8 | 21 |
4 | 8 | 22 | |
普魯蘭 | 2 | 6 | 27 |
4 | 6 | 29 | |
5 | 9 | 28 | |
8 | 9 | 29 |
不應理解為限制性的,咸信水溶性聚合物之類型以及角叉菜膠與特定水溶性聚合物之重量比可影響外殼組合物之溶解時間。 實例 4 - 軟膠囊調配物 - 溶解 / 崩解數據
製造使用聚乙烯醇及普魯蘭之安慰劑軟膠囊。軟膠囊含有900 mg大豆油作為填充材料。囊封填充材料之軟凝膠外殼組合物含有表2中用於調配物F-2至F-6的角叉菜膠、塑化劑及緩衝劑之類型及濃度。囊封大豆油之相應軟凝膠填充材料中之水溶性聚合物類型及濃度如表5中所描述。在乾燥膠囊之後,對膠囊進行溶解測試以評估膠囊之破裂時間/溶解度。
溶解方法:
設備: USP設備II
溫度: 37℃
介質: 0.1N HCl
漿葉速度: 50及75 RPM
** FASSSGF代表空腹狀態模擬胃液
表 5 - 安慰劑非明膠軟膠囊之溶解 | ||||
溶解條件 | 觀測 | 樣品破裂時間 ( 分鐘 ) | ||
標準對照 | 2 重量 % 普魯蘭 | 2 重量 % PVA | ||
0.1 N HCl 以75 RPM 37℃ | 外殼破裂(分鐘) | 16 | 3.5 | 13 |
0.1 N HCl 以50 RPM 37℃ | 外殼破裂(分鐘) | 17 | 3.5 | -- |
FASSGF** (胃蛋白酶,50RPM) 37℃ | 外殼破裂(分鐘) | - | 3.3 | -- |
如自表5可見,具有包括水溶性聚合物(PVA或普魯蘭)之外殼組合物之軟膠囊在75 RPM下在37℃下在0.1 N HCl下展現更快溶解時間。包括普魯蘭之外殼組合物在0.1 N HCl下之溶解時間比對照組快,其次比具有包括PVA之外殼組合物之溶解時間快。包括普魯蘭之外殼組合物在50 RPM下在37℃下在0.1 N HCl下且在50 RPM下在37℃下在具有胃蛋白酶之0.1 N HCl下維持類似溶解時間。
使用USP崩解設備,對於對照樣品、無普魯蘭之非明膠軟膠囊及含有2重量%普魯蘭之非明膠軟膠囊進行崩解測試。結果呈現於表6中。含有2重量%普魯蘭之軟膠囊比無普魯蘭之軟凝膠破裂快得多。添加普魯蘭使得崩解更快。
實例 5 - 布洛芬軟膠囊之比較性溶解
表 6 - 含有普魯蘭之非明膠軟膠囊之崩解結果 | |||
測試條件 | 觀測 | 崩解時間 ( 分鐘 ) | |
對照組 (0 重量 % 普魯蘭 ) | 2 重量 % 普魯蘭 | ||
崩解 在0.1N HCl中/37℃ | 初始破裂(分鐘) | 16 | 7 |
完全外殼溶解(分鐘) | 31 | 26 |
使用含有200 mg布洛芬的非明膠軟膠囊進行比較性溶解測試,該等非明膠軟膠囊係使用標準非明膠外殼組合物及根據一實施例之含有2重量%普魯蘭之非明膠外殼組合物製造。用於標準非明膠軟膠囊(CS100A)及用於根據一實施例含有2重量%普魯蘭之非明膠軟膠囊的軟凝膠組合物概述於下表7中。圖1概述研究之結果。在37℃下在0.1 N HCl中,在漿葉速度為75 RPM之USP設備II上進行溶解測試。
表 7 - 用於布洛芬軟膠囊之軟凝膠組合物 | ||
成分 | CS100A | 2重量%普魯蘭 |
重量% | 重量% | |
角叉菜膠 | 2 - 20 | 2 - 15 |
塑化劑 | 8- 45 | 8- 45 |
磷酸鈉(緩衝劑) | 0.2 - 4 | 0.2 - 4 |
普魯蘭(水溶性聚合物) | -- | 2 - 8 |
結果展示,與在24分鐘破裂之標準非明膠布洛芬200 mg軟膠囊相比,根據一實施例之含有2重量%普魯蘭的非明膠布洛芬200 mg軟膠囊在18分鐘更早破裂。類似因子(F2)經計算為40,其指示兩個溶解概況不同。普魯蘭軟膠囊之藥物釋放速率比標準對照非明膠布洛芬200 mg軟膠囊快,其可幫助實現更快開始及更短T最大
。
術語「類似因子(f2)」為指示兩種劑型之釋放概況之類似性的定量量度。若f2值不小於約50 (基於關於固體口服劑型之生體相等性研究的在2017年12月發佈之工業FDA指南(FDA Guidance to Industry)),則兩種劑型之釋放概況為相當的、類似的或生體相等的。
前述描述闡述諸如特定系統、組分、方法等之實例的眾多特定細節,以便提供對本發明之若干實施例的更好理解。然而,熟習此項技術者可顯而易見,可在沒有此等特定細節之情況下實踐本發明之至少一些實施例。在其他情況下,未詳細描述熟知之組分或方法以便避免不必要地混淆本發明。因此,所闡述之特定細節為例示性的。特定實施例可不同於此等例示性細節且仍涵蓋在本發明之範疇內。
儘管本文中之方法的操作係以特定次序來描述,但每一方法之操作的次序可經改變以使得某些操作可以反向次序執行或以使得特定操作可至少部分與其他操作並行執行。在另一實施例中,指令或不同操作之子操作可以間斷及或交替之方式進行。
應理解,上文描述意欲為說明性而非限定性的。熟習此項技術者在閱讀及理解以上描述後將顯而易見許多其他實施例。因此,應參考所附申請專利範圍,連同此類申請專利範圍授權之等效物之全部範疇來判定本發明之範疇。
在結合隨附圖式考慮以下實施方式後,本發明之以上及其他特徵、其性質及各種優勢將變得更顯而易見,其中:
圖 1
說明與根據一實施例之軟膠囊相比,活性劑(例如布洛芬(ibuprofen))自習知非明膠膠囊中之釋放曲線。釋放曲線亦說明與根據一實施例之軟凝膠外殼組合物相比,習知非明膠膠囊之外殼組合物之溶解曲線。
Claims (33)
- 一種軟凝膠組合物,其包含: 包含非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物之外殼組合物,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1 N HCl及去離子水中用具有槳葉之USP設備II在75 RPM下溶解該外殼組合物時,其在小於30分鐘內完全溶解;及 囊封於該外殼組合物內之填充材料。
- 如請求項1之軟凝膠組合物,其中該非動物源膠凝劑包含角叉菜膠、澱粉、預膠凝化澱粉、三仙膠、瓊脂、果膠、海藻酸鹽、糖、高分子量聚乙二醇、糖源醇、纖維素衍生物、纖維素聚合物、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、微晶纖維素、綠坡縷石(attapulgite)、膨潤土(bentonite)、糊精(dextrin)、海藻酸鹽、高嶺土、卵磷脂、矽酸鎂鋁、卡波姆(carbomer)、卡波普(carbopol)、二氧化矽、卡德蘭膠(curdlan)、紅藻膠(furcelleran)、白蛋白、大豆蛋白、幾丁聚糖或其組合。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該外殼組合物進一步包含塑化劑。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該外殼組合物進一步包含緩衝劑。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該水溶性聚合物包含聚乙烯醇、普魯蘭膠(pullulan gum)、聚乳酸、聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物、高分子量聚乙二醇、普維酮(povidone)、界面活性劑或其組合。
- 如請求項5之軟凝膠組合物,其中該界面活性劑為月桂基硫酸鈉。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該外殼組合物在小於25分鐘、小於20分鐘、小於15分鐘、小於10分鐘或小於5分鐘內溶解。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該非動物源膠凝劑包含角叉菜膠及澱粉。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該外殼組合物中角叉菜膠與澱粉之重量比為約1:1至約1:10、約1:1至約1:8、約1:1至約1:5、或約1:2.5至約1:4.5。
- 如請求項9之軟凝膠組合物,其中該角叉菜膠包含ι角叉菜膠、κ角叉菜膠、λ角叉菜膠或其組合。
- 如請求項9至10中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該澱粉包含天然澱粉、改質澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、玉米澱粉、木薯澱粉、豌豆澱粉、羥基丙基化澱粉、羥基烷基化澱粉、經酸處理之澱粉、糊精及其組合。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中按該軟膠囊外殼組合物之總重量計,該非動物性膠凝劑之量為約2重量%至約40重量%。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其包含按該軟膠囊外殼組合物之總重量計小於10重量%、小於5重量%、或小於1重量%之動物源膠凝劑。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該外殼組合物不含動物源膠凝劑。
- 如請求項3之軟凝膠組合物,其中該塑化劑包含甘油、山梨糖醇、山梨糖醇及山梨糖醇酐溶液、三醋精、月桂基硫酸鈉或其組合。
- 如請求項2之軟凝膠組合物,其包含該高分子量聚乙二醇,其中該高分子量聚乙二醇具有600 Da-2,000,000 Da之數均分子量之範圍或數均分子量在600 Da-2,000,000 Da範圍內變化之聚乙二醇之組合。
- 如請求項3之軟凝膠組合物,其中按該軟膠囊外殼組合物之總重量計,該塑化劑在該軟膠囊外殼組合物中之量為約0.5重量%至約40重量%。
- 如請求項4之軟凝膠組合物,其中按該軟膠囊外殼組合物之總重量計,該緩衝劑在該軟膠囊外殼組合物中之量為約0.1重量%至約5重量%。
- 如請求項4之軟凝膠組合物,其中該緩衝劑選自磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸二氫鈉、碳酸氫鈉、檸檬酸鈉、磷酸二鈉、磷酸鈣、磷酸氫二鈣、磷酸鈣、磷酸二氫鉀、磷酸氫二鉀及其組合。
- 一種軟凝膠組合物,其包含 包含活性劑或化妝劑之填充材料,其中該填充材料係由外殼組合物囊封,且其中該外殼組合物包含非動物源膠凝劑及水溶性聚合物,當在37℃下在900 ml 0.1 N HCl及去離子水中用具有槳葉之USP設備II在75 RPM下溶解該外殼組合物時,其在小於30分鐘內完全溶解。
- 一種軟凝膠組合物,其包含由外殼組合物囊封之填充材料,其中該外殼組合物包含: 非動物源膠凝劑,其包含角叉菜膠、澱粉或其組合;及 水溶性聚合物,其包含聚乙烯醇、普魯蘭膠、聚乳酸、聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物、高分子量聚乙二醇、普維酮、界面活性劑或其組合。
- 如請求項20至21中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該填充材料包含親水性材料、親脂性材料、兩親媒性材料或其組合。
- 如請求項20至22中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該外殼組合物包含界面活性劑。
- 如請求項20至23中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該填充材料為溶液、懸浮液、半固體或固體。
- 如請求項21至24中任一項之軟凝膠組合物,其中該填充材料包含活性劑或化妝劑。
- 一種製備軟凝膠組合物之方法,其包含: 將非動物性膠凝劑、水溶性聚合物及視情況選用之緩衝劑、塑化劑或水中之至少一者組合以形成組合;及 將填充材料囊封於包含該組合的外殼組合物中。
- 如請求項26之方法,其中組合包含: 將該塑化劑與水混合以形成塑化劑溶液;及 將該水溶性聚合物、非動物性膠凝劑及該緩衝劑與該塑化劑溶液混合以形成該組合。
- 如請求項26之方法,其中組合包含: 混合該塑化劑、該非動物性膠凝劑及該水以形成塑化劑溶液; 將該水溶性聚合物及該緩衝劑與該塑化劑溶液混合以形成該組合。
- 如請求項26至27中任一項之方法,其進一步包含加熱該組合以形成熔融體。
- 如請求項29之方法,其中該熔融體為均勻的。
- 如請求項29至30中任一項之方法,其進一步包含擠壓該熔融體以形成帶狀物。
- 如請求項31之方法,其中該等帶狀物之厚度在約0.001吋至約0.050吋範圍內。
- 一種治療病況之方法,其包含向有需要之個體投與如請求項1至25中任一項之軟凝膠組合物或根據如請求項26至32中任一項之方法製備的軟凝膠組合物,其中在投與之後治療、預防、改善或減緩該病況。
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Family Applications (1)
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TW109135193A TW202128134A (zh) | 2019-10-09 | 2020-10-12 | 非動物性軟膠囊調配物、其製備方法及使用方法 |
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US (1) | US20240091161A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4041022A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2022552223A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20220080130A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN114667084A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR122316A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2020363824A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112022005755A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3155876A1 (zh) |
CO (1) | CO2022005947A2 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL291953A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2022003883A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW202128134A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2021072092A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AU2021107198A4 (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-09 | Blackmores Ltd | A softgel capsule composition, and a process for producing a softgel capsule therefrom |
WO2024035911A1 (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-02-15 | R.P. Scherer Technologies, Llc | Fast dissolving softgel capsules |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH092522A (ja) * | 1995-06-14 | 1997-01-07 | Ono Toryo Hanbai Kk | 角形缶群の緊締装置 |
US6340473B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2002-01-22 | R.P. Scherer Technologies, Inc. | Film forming compositions comprising modified starches and iota-carrageenan and methods for manufacturing soft capsules using same |
US6387400B1 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-05-14 | R.P. Scherer Technologies, Inc. | Process for preparing pharmaceutical compositions for use with soft gelatin formulations |
ATE487472T1 (de) * | 2001-11-22 | 2010-11-15 | Morishita Jintan Co | Nicht-gelatinöse kapseln |
US7887838B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2011-02-15 | Banner Pharmacaps, Inc. | Non-gelatin film and method and apparatus for producing same |
US8900629B2 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2014-12-02 | University Of Kansas | Rapidly dissolving pharmaceutical compositions comprising pullulan |
MX2015011163A (es) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-02-17 | Banner Life Sciences Llc | Capsula entericas blandas que no contienen gelatina. |
US20150335586A1 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-26 | R.P. Scherer Technologies, Llc | Capsule dispensing container |
US9956292B2 (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2018-05-01 | Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Anti-methanogenic compositions and uses thereof |
CN106038508A (zh) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-26 | 上海春芝堂生物制品有限公司 | 一种植物囊壳材料、软胶囊及其制备方法、应用 |
CN110678170A (zh) * | 2017-04-14 | 2020-01-10 | 比利时胶囊公司 | 普鲁兰多糖胶囊 |
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2020
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- 2020-10-08 WO PCT/US2020/054806 patent/WO2021072092A1/en unknown
- 2020-10-08 CN CN202080071265.4A patent/CN114667084A/zh active Pending
- 2020-10-08 JP JP2022521066A patent/JP2022552223A/ja active Pending
- 2020-10-08 KR KR1020227014984A patent/KR20220080130A/ko unknown
- 2020-10-08 MX MX2022003883A patent/MX2022003883A/es unknown
- 2020-10-08 EP EP20874648.7A patent/EP4041022A4/en active Pending
- 2020-10-08 US US17/767,523 patent/US20240091161A1/en active Pending
- 2020-10-08 AU AU2020363824A patent/AU2020363824A1/en active Pending
- 2020-10-08 CA CA3155876A patent/CA3155876A1/en active Pending
- 2020-10-09 AR ARP200102796A patent/AR122316A1/es unknown
- 2020-10-12 TW TW109135193A patent/TW202128134A/zh unknown
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2022
- 2022-04-04 IL IL291953A patent/IL291953A/en unknown
- 2022-05-06 CO CONC2022/0005947A patent/CO2022005947A2/es unknown
Also Published As
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CN114667084A (zh) | 2022-06-24 |
AR122316A1 (es) | 2022-08-31 |
CO2022005947A2 (es) | 2022-07-29 |
EP4041022A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
EP4041022A4 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
CA3155876A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
AU2020363824A1 (en) | 2022-04-14 |
IL291953A (en) | 2022-06-01 |
JP2022552223A (ja) | 2022-12-15 |
BR112022005755A2 (pt) | 2022-06-21 |
WO2021072092A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
MX2022003883A (es) | 2022-07-19 |
KR20220080130A (ko) | 2022-06-14 |
US20240091161A1 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
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