TW202042825A - Method for regulating the color of seaweed - Google Patents
Method for regulating the color of seaweed Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於一種海藻養殖方法,尤指一種調控海藻顏色之養殖方法。The present invention relates to a method for cultivating seaweed, in particular to a method for cultivating seaweed color.
按,海藻係生長於海中之藻類物質,主要包括紅藻、褐藻、及綠藻,因為藻類含有豐富之營養元素,對人體保健相當有幫助,例如褐藻中含有褐藻氨酸、藻類所含的碘元素可防止甲狀腺功能亢進、藻類所含的廿碳五烯酸因屬於高度不飽和脂肪酸,所以有防止血栓形成的效果。According to, seaweeds are algae substances that grow in the sea, mainly including red algae, brown algae, and green algae. Because algae are rich in nutrients, they are very helpful for human health. For example, brown algae contain alginic acid and iodine contained in algae. Elements can prevent hyperthyroidism, and eicosapentaenoic acid contained in algae is a highly unsaturated fatty acid, so it has the effect of preventing thrombosis.
此外,海藻內部所含物質中以海藻酸具有相當廣泛之用途,易與陽離子形成凝膠,如海藻酸鈉等,又被稱為海藻膠、褐藻膠或藻膠,具有快速吸水之功能,在造紙跟紡織方面常用作脫水劑或上漿劑;在食品工業方面,則是用作乳化劑或增稠劑;在製藥界則是因具有高黏性而作為片劑的黏合劑使用。In addition, alginic acid in the internal substances of seaweeds has a wide range of uses. It is easy to form gels with cations, such as sodium alginate. It is also known as seaweed, algin or algin, which has the function of quickly absorbing water. It is often used as a dehydrating agent or sizing agent in papermaking and textile; in the food industry, it is used as an emulsifier or thickener; in the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a tablet binder because of its high viscosity.
由於海藻酸、海藻酸鈉具有上述優點,故目前智慧局所公告之專利多以海藻酸、海藻酸鈉之相關或應用之備製方法為主,例如台灣專利證書號I626955「含金屬晶體之海藻酸單體的製造方法」、I583446「海藻膠包覆幾丁聚醣吸附顆粒之製備方法及用途」、I506096「海藻膠類包覆稻草粉末之組成物及其製備方法」、I503131「海藻多醣體面膜及其製法」。但,上述專利所揭露大多與海藻酸、海藻酸鈉的提煉有關,亦或是膠原蛋白之萃取技術,仍未有相關技術文獻針對海藻之培育及變色有更進一步之研究成果。Since alginic acid and sodium alginate have the above advantages, the patents currently announced by the Smart Office are mostly related to or applied preparation methods of alginic acid and sodium alginate. For example, Taiwan Patent Certificate No. I626955 "Alginic Acid Containing Metal Crystals" Monomer production method”, I583446 “Preparation method and use of seaweed gum coated chitosan adsorption particles”, I506096 “Seaweed gum-coated straw powder composition and its preparation method”, I503131 “Seaweed polysaccharide body mask And its manufacturing method". However, most of the patents disclosed above are related to the extraction of alginic acid and sodium alginate, or the extraction technology of collagen. There is still no relevant technical literature that has further research results on the cultivation and discoloration of seaweed.
綜上所述,前述專利重點多在揭示海藻內部所含物質之相關應用、製備,目前尚未發現有人針對海藻顏色提出相關專利,而海藻之作用並非僅止於前述,尚具有美觀、觀賞等用途,尤其當海藻入菜,繽紛之色澤更能增添烹飪及擺盤之美感,亦能增添食慾。爰此,本發明者認為應有一種控制海藻變色之方法,如令海藻由紅變黃,藉以豐富海藻的色澤多樣性。In summary, most of the aforementioned patents focus on revealing related applications and preparations of the substances contained in seaweeds. No one has been found to have patents related to the color of seaweeds, and the role of seaweeds is not limited to the aforementioned, but also has aesthetic, ornamental and other purposes. , Especially when seaweed is added to the dish, the colorful color can increase the beauty of cooking and serving, and also increase appetite. In view of this, the inventor believes that there should be a method to control the discoloration of seaweeds, such as changing the seaweed from red to yellow, so as to enrich the color diversity of seaweeds.
有鑑先前技術所述不足之處,本發明創作者提出一種解決之手段,該手段係關於一種調控海藻顏色之養殖方法,包括下列步驟:In view of the deficiencies described in the prior art, the creator of the present invention proposes a solution, which relates to a cultivation method for regulating the color of seaweed, including the following steps:
(a)取海藻放入注有水之培養池內,該培養池內的水維持在18℃-26℃。 (b)每日13~24小時持續或間歇於水中注入空氣,該空氣之空氣量為0.01~0.4 vvm,並提供光線照射該海藻。 (c)當該海藻變成黃色時,則將該海藻自該培養池內取出。(a) Put the seaweed into a culture tank filled with water. The water in the culture tank is maintained at 18°C-26°C. (b) Inject air into the water continuously or intermittently for 13 to 24 hours a day, with an air volume of 0.01 to 0.4 vvm, and provide light to illuminate the seaweed. (c) When the seaweed turns yellow, take the seaweed out of the culture tank.
本發明主要透過停止供應營養物質(如營養鹽、氮、磷),並控制海藻於適當溫度、日照、空氣量中成長,可有效讓海藻於生長過程中逐漸轉變成黃色,尤其是紅色海藻更可透過本發明使之變為黃色,如此一來可透過大量養殖來提供充足的黃色海藻,藉以改善先前技術所述不足之處。The present invention mainly stops the supply of nutrients (such as nutrients, nitrogen, and phosphorus) and controls the growth of seaweeds at appropriate temperature, sunshine, and air volume, which can effectively make the seaweeds gradually turn into yellow during the growth process, especially red seaweeds. The invention can be used to make it yellow, so that sufficient yellow seaweed can be provided through large-scale cultivation, thereby improving the shortcomings of the prior art.
以下係透過各圖示之輔助,來進一步說明本發明創作之各優點、特色、要件、及其具體實施態樣。本發明創作係關於,包括:The following is a further explanation of the advantages, features, requirements, and specific implementation aspects of the invention with the aid of the illustrations. The creation of this invention is about, including:
本發明係關於一種調控海藻顏色之養殖方法,而本說明書所提供之方法包括二項主要步驟,步驟一係海藻之培養方法,可提供充足之海藻數量,步驟二則是海藻變色之培養方法,可有效令海藻於生長過程中開始變色而呈現黃色。The present invention relates to a culture method for regulating the color of seaweed, and the method provided in this specification includes two main steps. Step one is a method of cultivating seaweed, which can provide sufficient amount of seaweed, and step two is a method of cultivating seaweed to change color. It can effectively make the seaweed start to change color and appear yellow during the growth process.
請參閱第一圖所示,以下先介紹步驟一之海藻培養方法,其步驟包括:Please refer to the first picture. The following first introduces the seaweed cultivation method of step 1. The steps include:
S1:取濕重3~10 kg/m2 的海藻放入有水之培養池內,該培養池內的水維持在18℃-26℃。 其中,水的溫度可透過溫控系統來控制溫度,又或者利用熱交換廢水達到控制溫度之目的。由於天然氣廠為使超低溫之液化天然氣(Liquefied Natural Gas , LNG)由液態變成氣態,會汲取大量海水來進行熱交換,經熱交換後的廢水稱作LNG冷排水,由於LNG冷排水之溫度大多介於14℃-26℃之間,故本說明書中所指之熱交換廢水較佳係指LNG冷排水,並藉由更換LNG冷排水,來達到維持溫度之效果。另外,除了LNG冷排水外,亦可使用發電廠之熱排水,例如於實際操作時,可因應季節於氣溫上的差異,冬天氣溫較低,較佳使用發電廠之熱排水來進行培養;夏天氣溫較高,較佳則使用LNG冷排水來進行培養。S1: Take the seaweed with a wet weight of 3~10 kg/m 2 and put it into a culture tank with water. The water in the culture tank is maintained at 18℃-26℃. Among them, the temperature of the water can be controlled by a temperature control system, or the heat exchange wastewater can be used to control the temperature. Since the natural gas plant will absorb a large amount of seawater for heat exchange in order to change the ultra-low temperature liquefied natural gas (LNG) from liquid to gaseous state, the waste water after heat exchange is called LNG cold drainage, because the temperature of LNG cold drainage is mostly medium The temperature is between 14°C and 26°C, so the heat exchange wastewater referred to in this specification preferably refers to LNG cold drainage, and the temperature is maintained by replacing the LNG cold drainage. In addition, in addition to LNG cold drainage, thermal drainage from power plants can also be used. For example, in actual operation, depending on the seasonal temperature difference, the temperature is lower in winter, and it is better to use thermal drainage from power plants for cultivation; The temperature is higher, it is better to use LNG cold drainage for cultivation.
S2:每週至少二天於該培養池內添加營養鹽。 透過此步驟可提供海藻於生長過程中所需之營養,且該營養鹽內之成分較佳包括1~8 mg/L的氮、及0.1~0.8 mg/L的磷,以提供海藻生長所需主要養份。且,一般而言,海藻在吸收該營養鹽內的養份之時間大多落於夜晚,為使海藻得以充分吸收該營養鹽,故該營養鹽之添加時間較佳落在下午三點至六點之間。此外,為配合該營養鹽之添加時間,該培養池內熱交換廢水之更換時間也需同樣進行調整,以本說明書為例,該熱交換廢水之更換時間為下午三點以前,且根據季節之不同也有不同調配時間,例如,夏季時更換時間較佳為8:00~15:00,而冬季則是10:00~13:00。且更換時可根據該培養池內之溫度進行調整,可選擇將全部熱交換廢水進行更換,又或者僅更換其中一小部分。 又,為令該海藻有充足光線得以進行光合作用,該光線照射時間每天至少10小時以上,而光線取的方式可以是以陽光照射,也可以透過日光燈(日照燈或植物照明燈)來取得。S2: Add nutrients to the culture tank at least two days a week. Through this step, the nutrients needed by the seaweed during the growth process can be provided, and the nutrients in the nutrient salt preferably include 1~8 mg/L nitrogen and 0.1~0.8 mg/L phosphorus to provide the seaweed growth The main nutrients. Moreover, generally speaking, the time for seaweed to absorb the nutrients in the nutrient salt mostly falls at night. In order for the seaweed to fully absorb the nutrient salt, the time for adding the nutrient salt is preferably between 3 pm and 6 pm between. In addition, in order to match the nutrient addition time, the replacement time of the heat exchange wastewater in the culture tank also needs to be adjusted in the same way. Taking this manual as an example, the replacement time of the heat exchange wastewater is before 3 pm, and depends on the season. There are also different deployment times. For example, the replacement time in summer is preferably from 8:00 to 15:00, while in winter it is from 10:00 to 13:00. And when replacing, it can be adjusted according to the temperature in the culture tank, and you can choose to replace all the heat exchange wastewater, or replace only a small part of it. In addition, in order for the seaweed to have sufficient light for photosynthesis, the light irradiation time is at least 10 hours a day, and the light can be obtained by sunlight or through fluorescent lamps (sunlight or plant lighting).
S3:每日13~24小時持續或間歇於熱交換廢水中注入空氣,且定期或不定期清洗培養池。 該海藻於生長時,除了需要在適當水溫,及取得充足養份之環境外,同時還需要充足二氧化碳,故須添加空氣至熱交換廢水中。此外,該空氣之空氣量較佳為0.01~0.4 vvm,且空氣中含有0.04%~30% CO2 ,以提供適合海藻生長之氣體量。又,注入空氣之過程可以是連續式或間歇式進行,連續式係每日13~24小時內持續不斷注入空氣至LNG冷排水,間歇式則是1小時內持續不斷注入空氣,接著1小時停止注入空氣,再1小時內持續不斷注入空氣,依此類推不斷巡迴直到滿足前述13~24小時後停止,且,間歇式中所述之時間僅為舉例,可根據需求進行調整,例如,2小時內持續不斷注入空氣,接著1小時停止注入空氣,再2小時內持續不斷注入空氣,以此類推反覆操作。又,為保持該培養池內之清潔,較佳係於每隔1至3週清洗該培養池。上述步驟S2~S3並非連續步驟流程,而是可根據需求調換步驟。S3: Inject air into the heat exchange wastewater continuously or intermittently for 13 to 24 hours a day, and clean the culture tank regularly or irregularly. When the seaweed grows, in addition to the proper water temperature and an environment with sufficient nutrients, it also needs sufficient carbon dioxide, so air must be added to the heat exchange wastewater. In addition, the air volume of the air is preferably 0.01 to 0.4 vvm, and the air contains 0.04% to 30% CO 2 to provide a gas volume suitable for algae growth. In addition, the process of injecting air can be continuous or intermittent. The continuous method is to continuously inject air to the LNG cold drainage within 13 to 24 hours a day, and the intermittent method is to continuously inject air for 1 hour and then stop for 1 hour. Inject air, and continue to inject air within 1 hour, and so on, continue to circulate until the aforementioned 13~24 hours are met, and then stop. Moreover, the time mentioned in the intermittent type is only an example and can be adjusted according to needs, for example, 2 hours Inject air continuously into the inside, then stop injecting air for 1 hour, continue to inject air for 2 hours, and so on. In addition, in order to keep the culture tank clean, it is better to clean the culture tank every 1 to 3 weeks. The above steps S2 to S3 are not a continuous step flow, but the steps can be changed according to needs.
以下開始介紹步驟二海藻變色之培養方法: S4:自步驟S1開始起算1至3週後,更換該培養池內之熱交換廢水,接著停止添加該營養鹽。 由於讓海藻開始變色以形成黃色之關鍵在於營養鹽,故此步驟中較佳係更換該培養池內全部之熱交換廢水,接著停止添加該營養鹽,如此一來該海藻便會在無該營養鹽之環境中開始生長,進而開始改變顏色,尤其是透過本發明之方法,更可有效令紅色海藻逐漸變成黃色。The following is the introduction to the cultivation method of step 2 seaweed discoloration: S4: After 1 to 3 weeks from the beginning of step S1, replace the heat exchange wastewater in the culture tank, and then stop adding the nutrient. Since the key to making the seaweed start to change color to form a yellow color is the nutrient salt, it is better to replace all the heat exchange wastewater in the culture tank in this step, and then stop adding the nutrient salt, so that the seaweed will be free of the nutrient salt. It starts to grow in the environment, and then begins to change color. Especially through the method of the present invention, the red seaweed can gradually become yellow.
S5:每日13~24小時持續或間歇於水中注入空氣,該空氣之空氣量為0.01~0.4 vvm,並提供光線照射該海藻,同時該培養池內之溫度維持在18℃-26℃之間。 如同前述,該海藻變色之主要因素在於是否有營養鹽,其他生長條件必須維持固定,故步驟二之生長條件與步驟一相較之下差異在於營養鹽之添加。步驟S5中,該空氣中較佳係含有0.04%~30% CO2 。且,為令該海藻有充足光線得以進行光合作用,該光線照射時間每天至少10小時以上,而光線取的方式可以是以陽光照射,也可以透過日照燈來取得。同樣的,每1至3週須清洗該培養池以維持池中清潔。 如同步驟一所述,步驟二中維持該培養池內的溫度可透過溫控系統來達成,也可透過更換熱處理廢水來達成,較佳係透過定期更換該培養池內之熱交換廢水保持該培養池內之溫度,且在進行更換熱交換廢水時,可將該培養池內的熱交換廢水全部更換,也可僅更換一小部分即可。S5: Inject air into the water continuously or intermittently for 13~24 hours a day, the air volume of the air is 0.01~0.4 vvm, and light is provided to irradiate the seaweed, while the temperature in the culture tank is maintained between 18℃-26℃ . As mentioned above, the main factor for the discoloration of the seaweed is whether there are nutrients and other growth conditions must be kept fixed. Therefore, the difference between the growth conditions of step 2 and step 1 is the addition of nutrients. In step S5, the air preferably contains 0.04%-30% CO 2 . Moreover, in order for the seaweed to have sufficient light for photosynthesis, the light irradiation time is at least 10 hours a day, and the light can be obtained by sunlight or through sunlight. Similarly, the culture tank must be cleaned every 1 to 3 weeks to keep the tank clean. As mentioned in step 1, maintaining the temperature in the culture tank in step 2 can be achieved through a temperature control system, or by replacing heat treatment wastewater, preferably by regularly replacing the heat exchange wastewater in the culture tank to maintain the culture The temperature in the tank, and when the heat exchange wastewater is replaced, all the heat exchange wastewater in the culture tank can be replaced, or only a small part can be replaced.
S6:當該海藻變成黃色時,則將該海藻自該培養池內取出。 反覆根據S5之步驟進行操作,就會發現該海藻開始變色,從紅色海藻逐漸變成黃色海藻,此時便可將該海藻自該培養池內取出。S6: When the seaweed turns yellow, take the seaweed out of the culture tank. Repeat the operation according to the step S5, and you will find that the seaweed begins to change color, from red seaweed to yellow seaweed. At this time, the seaweed can be taken out of the culture tank.
綜上所述,透過本發明所提供之方法,可穩定海藻變成黃色,以克服先前技術所述不足之處,為使本發明所屬技術領域之通常知識之人得以確信本發明得以穩定獲得黃色海藻,以下係提供各種條件下,係用本發明所提供之方法所獲得之成果。In summary, through the method provided by the present invention, the seaweed can be stabilized to turn yellow to overcome the shortcomings described in the prior art, so that people with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can be sure that the present invention can stably obtain yellow seaweed , The following are the results obtained by the method provided by the present invention under various conditions.
實施例一:
養殖體積2噸、濕重6.7~7.5 kg/m2
、每週添加3次營養鹽,該營養鹽之成分包括7~8 mg/L的氮、及0.7~0.8 mg/L的磷,且添加日下午停止換水,直到隔天早上9:30開始啟動換水動作,換水量則是0.6~1.2 噸/小時。每週量測濕重,平均採收濕重達8.6~9.6 kg/m2
,每週平均生產濕重 1.2~2.1 kg/m2
,請配合參閱附件一,可發現海木耳產率高且顏色一致。
實施例二:
養殖體積2噸、濕重5.9~5.5 kg/m2
、每週添加4次營養鹽,該營養鹽之成分包括3~4 mg/L的氮、及0.3~0.4 mg/L的磷,且添加日下午停止換水,直到隔天早上9:30開始啟動換水動作,換水量則是0.6~1.2 噸/小時。每2週量測濕重,平均採收濕重達10.5~11.2 kg/m2
,每週平均生產濕重 2.25~2.5 kg/m2
,每二週生產狀況請配合參閱附件二。
實施例三:
養殖體積2噸、濕重3.0~4.1 kg/m2
、無添加營養鹽,且每天更換該LNG冷排水7~17次,換水量則是0.6~1.2 噸/小時。每週量測濕重,平均採收濕重達3.3~4.1 kg/m2
,平均產率為濕重 0.3~1.1 kg/m2
,請配合參閱附件三,可發現海木耳顏色逐漸由紅變黃。
綜上所述,本案符合專利法所定之要件,爰依法提出專利申請,而上述說明僅列舉本發明創作之較佳實施例,本案之權利範圍仍以請求項所列為主。In summary, this case meets the requirements set by the Patent Law, and a patent application was filed in accordance with the law. The above description only lists the preferred embodiments of the invention. The scope of rights in this case is still mainly listed in the claims.
S1~S7:步驟S1~S7: steps
第一圖係本發明之步驟流程圖The first figure is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention
Claims (10)
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JPH078268A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1995-01-13 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Culture of marine microalga and production of docosahexaenoic acid thereby |
KR20070009690A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2007-01-18 | 고쿠리츠 다이가쿠 호우진 카고시마 다이가쿠 | Algae intensive cultivation apparatus and cultivating method |
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