CN109076937A - A kind of balsam pear soilless culture method - Google Patents
A kind of balsam pear soilless culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109076937A CN109076937A CN201810740135.XA CN201810740135A CN109076937A CN 109076937 A CN109076937 A CN 109076937A CN 201810740135 A CN201810740135 A CN 201810740135A CN 109076937 A CN109076937 A CN 109076937A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of balsam pear soilless culture methods, comprise the following steps that step S1, the foundation of cultivation bed；Step S2, the foundation of supply equipment；Step S3 makes cultivation matrix；Step S4, field planting；Step S5, fertilizer and water management；Step S6, temperature, illumination management；Step S7, hanging tendril；Step S8, artificial pollination and HORMONE TREATMENT；Step S9, harvesting.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the yield of balsam pear can be greatly improved, and on this basis, the Vitamin C content of balsam pear is also greatly improved, therefore nutritive value is more abundant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of balsam pear soilless culture method.
Background technique
There is certain social benefit and economic significance using the plantation of cultivation technique without soil Development of Urban residential households, according to having
Pass data report, early in the seventies, the U.S. just has the above resident in 1,000,000 families to carry out garden planting with cultivation technique without soil.China
City has a large population in a small area, and house condition gradually improves in recent years, as can making full use of the light and heat condition on balcony, popularizes supreme cultivation
Technology planting vegetable, income will be very considerable under greenhouse experiment soilless cultivation tomato, cucumber, careless curtain etc. China
There are many reports, but balsam pear soilless cultivation is rare.
The soilless cultivation of balsam pear is relatively more in developed country at present, and it is technologically advanced, yield is high, quality is good.In China
Using it is few, it is general there are two types of planting type, first is that nutrient film techinique, first is that deep liquid technology, multipurpose nutrient liquid membrane technology.With
The raising of people's lives, requirement increase increasingly, not only need year-round supply, and need product it is pollution-free, safely, defend
It is raw.Therefore, above-mentioned requirements may be implemented using Soilless Culture Methods.Accomplish that product is pollution-free, and yield is high, quality is good, moreover it is possible to
Water, fertilizer are saved, labor intensity is reduced, is not limited by soil plantation.Although one-time investment is larger, management is required strictly,
It is the development trend of a certainty.In soilless cultivation, matrix itself is leaned on completely little or free of nutrition needed for having plant
Come nutrient and moisture needed for meeting plant growth and development, this nutritional quality also just for raising vegetables is provided for the irrigation of nutrient solution
Good approach: can physics by adjusting nutrient solution, chemical property, improving product nutritional quality.Balsam pear at present
Production is most of to use substrate culture and common cultivation method, and the research of nutrient solution is also fewer and nutrient fluid cultivation at present
Yield is relatively low, also fewer for the raising research of its yield.
Summary of the invention
In conclusion in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of balsam pears
Soilless culture method.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of balsam pear soilless culture method, including following
Step:
The foundation of cultivation bed: step S1 is built with brick into north-south cultivation bed, slot internal diameter 48cm, slot high 24cm, slot pitch 72cm；It plants
The plastic film of 0.1 millimeter of 1 thickness of paving in slot is trained, film both sides are pushed down with the brick of top layer, the cleaning of plastic film upper berth 3cm thickness
River sand, 1 layer of husky upper berth woven bag fill out cultivation matrix on bag；
Step S2, the foundation of supply equipment: with the reservoir of tap water or 1.5 meters of water-head or more, water supply Outer Tube metal
Plastic tube is used in pipe, the drip irrigation zone in greenhouse in main pipeline and cultivation bed；The drip irrigation zone cultivation bed Nei Pu 1-2 root, and in drip irrigation zone
On cover the narrow plastic film of 0.1 millimeter of 1 thickness；
Step S3 makes cultivation matrix: using corn stalk, mushroom slag or sawdust etc. as matrix, first squirt epiphragma heap using preceding matrix
With sterilization, and husky, clinker or other inorganic matters are added within bored 10~15 days, add and organic planted without soil in 1 cubic metre of matrix
2 kilograms of special fertilizer, 10 kilograms of chicken manure of disinfection are trained, cultivation bed is inserted after mixing；
Step S4, field planting: first turning over matrix neat and well spaced flat before field planting, the matrix in each cultivation bed carries out broad irrigation, makes matrix
Sufficiently water suction；Every slot is colonized 2 rows, and matrix is higher than seedling basal part of stem, and spacing in the rows 45cm, 1/15 hectare every (1 mu) is colonized 2000 plants, after cultivation
Gently pour small water；
Step S5, fertilizer and water management: pouring 1 water for 5~7 days after field planting, keeps rhizosphere matrix wet；The fine day morning, afternoon are each after bearing fruit
It pours 1 time；Top dressing starts for 20 days after field planting, hereafter every top dressing in 10 days 1 time, imposes 15 grams of special fertilizer for every plant every time；
Step S6, temperature, illumination management: after field planting, temperature is kept for 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, 12 DEG C of night of daytime；Keep white after sitting melon
It 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, 12 DEG C~15 DEG C of night；
Hanging tendril: step S7 after the harvesting of Plant adjustment root melon, with plastic ties hanging tendril, and extracts lateral bud, tendril and invalid old in time
Leaf；
Step S8, artificial pollination and HORMONE TREATMENT: winning male flower, and anther is lightly coated in female powder column head, and 1 male flower awards 2~3
Piece female flower；
Step S9, harvesting: 50 days or so root melons can be sat after field planting, then harvesting listing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the yield of balsam pear can be greatly improved, and on this basis, the vitamin of balsam pear
C content also greatly improves, therefore nutritive value is more abundant.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:
Further, it updates 1 time within step S3 mesostroma 3~5 years；
Male flower is won when further, early 6~9 in step S8.
Specific embodiment
Principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with concrete example, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A kind of balsam pear soilless culture method, comprises the following steps that
The foundation of cultivation bed: step S1 is built with brick into north-south cultivation bed, slot internal diameter 48cm, slot high 24cm, slot pitch 72cm；Or
Semi-underground type cultivation bed is directly dug, groove width 48cm, deep 12cm, both sides build 2 layers with brick again.The plastics of 0.1 millimeter of 1 thickness of paving in slot
Film, film both sides are pushed down with the brick of top layer.The clean river sand of film upper berth 3cm thickness, 1 layer of husky upper berth woven bag fill out cultivation on bag
Matrix；
Step S2, the foundation of supply equipment: with the reservoir of tap water or 1.5 meters of water-head or more, water supply Outer Tube metal
Plastic tube is used in pipe, the drip irrigation zone in greenhouse in main pipeline and cultivation bed.The drip irrigation zone cultivation bed Nei Pu 1-2 root, and in drip irrigation zone
On cover the narrow plastic film of 0.1 millimeter of 1 thickness, to prevent from spraying outside dripping irrigation water；
Step S3 makes cultivation matrix: using corn stalk, mushroom slag or sawdust etc. as matrix, first squirt epiphragma heap using preceding matrix
With sterilization, and the inorganic matters such as sand, clinker are added within bored 10~15 days, it is special to add organic soilless cultivation in 1 cubic metre of matrix
With 2 kilograms of fertilizer, 10 kilograms of chicken manure of disinfection, cultivation bed can be inserted after mixing, updated 1 time within matrix general 3~5 years；
Step S4, field planting: first turning over matrix neat and well spaced flat before field planting, the matrix in each cultivation bed carries out broad irrigation, makes matrix
Sufficiently water suction.Every slot is colonized 2 rows, and matrix is slightly above seedling basal part of stem.Spacing in the rows 45cm, 1/15 hectare every (1 mu) is colonized 2000 plants, plants
Small water is gently poured afterwards；
Step S5, fertilizer and water management: pouring 1 water for 5~7 days after field planting, keeps rhizosphere matrix wet, keeps balsam pear growing way medium, after bearing fruit
It respectively pours in the fine day morning, afternoon 1 time；Top dressing starts for 20 days after field planting, hereafter every top dressing in 10 days 1 time, imposes specially for every plant every time
With 15 grams of fertilizer；
Step S6, temperature, illumination management: after field planting, temperature is kept for 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, 12 DEG C of night or so of daytime.It is protected after sitting melon
It holds 25 DEG C~28 DEG C of daytime, 12 DEG C~15 DEG C of night.Balsam pear happiness temperature, light, it is early that evening is drawn to put straw mat, allow the common light of plant as far as possible；
Hanging tendril: step S7 after the harvesting of Plant adjustment root melon, with plastic ties hanging tendril, and extracts lateral bud, tendril and invalid old in time
Leaf with benefit ventilation and reduces nutrient consumption；
Step S8, artificial pollination and HORMONE TREATMENT: male flower is won when early 6~9, anther is lightly coated in female powder column head, 1 hero
Flower awards 2~3 female flowers；
Step S9, harvesting: 50 days or so root melons can be sat after field planting, then harvesting listing.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of balsam pear soilless culture method, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps that
The foundation of cultivation bed: step S1 is built with brick into north-south cultivation bed, slot internal diameter 48cm, slot high 24cm, slot pitch 72cm；It plants
The plastic film of 0.1 millimeter of 1 thickness of paving in slot is trained, film both sides are pushed down with the brick of top layer, the cleaning of plastic film upper berth 3cm thickness
River sand, 1 layer of husky upper berth woven bag fill out cultivation matrix on bag；
Step S2, the foundation of supply equipment: with the reservoir of tap water or 1.5 meters of water-head or more, water supply Outer Tube metal
Plastic tube is used in pipe, the drip irrigation zone in greenhouse in main pipeline and cultivation bed；The drip irrigation zone cultivation bed Nei Pu 1-2 root, and in drip irrigation zone
On cover the narrow plastic film of 0.1 millimeter of 1 thickness；
Step S3 makes cultivation matrix: using corn stalk, mushroom slag or sawdust etc. as matrix, first squirt epiphragma heap using preceding matrix
With sterilization, and husky, clinker or other inorganic matters are added within bored 10~15 days, add and organic planted without soil in 1 cubic metre of matrix
2 kilograms of special fertilizer, 10 kilograms of chicken manure of disinfection are trained, cultivation bed is inserted after mixing；
Step S4, field planting: first turning over matrix neat and well spaced flat before field planting, the matrix in each cultivation bed carries out broad irrigation, makes matrix
Sufficiently water suction；Every slot is colonized 2 rows, and matrix is higher than seedling basal part of stem, and spacing in the rows 45cm, 1/15 hectare every (1 mu) is colonized 2000 plants, after cultivation
Gently pour small water；
Step S5, fertilizer and water management: pouring 1 water for 5~7 days after field planting, keeps rhizosphere matrix wet；The fine day morning, afternoon are each after bearing fruit
It pours 1 time；Top dressing starts for 20 days after field planting, hereafter every top dressing in 10 days 1 time, imposes 15 grams of special fertilizer for every plant every time；
Step S6, temperature, illumination management: after field planting, temperature is kept for 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, 12 DEG C of night of daytime；Keep white after sitting melon
It 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, 12 DEG C~15 DEG C of night；
Hanging tendril: step S7 after the harvesting of Plant adjustment root melon, with plastic ties hanging tendril, and extracts lateral bud, tendril and invalid old in time
Leaf；
Step S8, artificial pollination and HORMONE TREATMENT: winning male flower, and anther is lightly coated in female powder column head, and 1 male flower awards 2~3
Piece female flower；
Step S9, harvesting: 50 days or so root melons can be sat after field planting, then harvesting listing.
2. balsam pear soilless culture method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that update 1 within step S3 mesostroma 3~5 years
It is secondary.
3. balsam pear soilless culture method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that win hero when early 6~9 in step S8
Flower.
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| CN201810740135.XA CN109076937A (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2018-07-07 | A kind of balsam pear soilless culture method |
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| CN201810740135.XA CN109076937A (en) | 2018-07-07 | 2018-07-07 | A kind of balsam pear soilless culture method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110073964A (en) * | 2019-06-01 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏丰收大地种业发展有限公司 | A kind of device and method of vegetables organic soilless cultivation |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1146602A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-02-23 | Hiroshi Motoda | Fruit in bottle and its production |
| CN102405775A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-04-11 | 上海博琛生物科技有限公司 | Method grafting lateral buds of bitter gourd |
-
2018
- 2018-07-07 CN CN201810740135.XA patent/CN109076937A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1146602A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-02-23 | Hiroshi Motoda | Fruit in bottle and its production |
| CN102405775A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-04-11 | 上海博琛生物科技有限公司 | Method grafting lateral buds of bitter gourd |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 农业之友: ""北瓜有机无土栽培技术"", 《HTTPS://WWW.NYZY.COM/BEIGUA/11.HTML》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110073964A (en) * | 2019-06-01 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏丰收大地种业发展有限公司 | A kind of device and method of vegetables organic soilless cultivation |
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