TW202039614A - 密封用樹脂組成物、半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法 - Google Patents
密封用樹脂組成物、半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202039614A TW202039614A TW108147638A TW108147638A TW202039614A TW 202039614 A TW202039614 A TW 202039614A TW 108147638 A TW108147638 A TW 108147638A TW 108147638 A TW108147638 A TW 108147638A TW 202039614 A TW202039614 A TW 202039614A
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Abstract
依本發明,提供一種密封用樹脂組成物,其含有:(A)環氧樹脂;(B)硬化劑;及(C)填充材料,環氧樹脂(A)含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1),在將密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度設為Tg(℃)、將在190℃~230℃的線膨脹係數設為α2
(ppm/℃)、將在260℃的熱時彈性模數設為E2
(MPa)、將藉由以下方法測量之密封用樹脂組成物在175℃的矩形壓力設為η2
(MPa)時,滿足下述式(1)。
式(1) E2
×(α2
×10-6
)×(175-Tg)×η2
≤0.3
(方法)
使用低壓轉注成型機,在模具溫度170℃、注入流量177mm3
/秒鐘的條件下,向寬度15mm、厚度1mm、長度175mm的矩形狀的流路中注入該密封用樹脂組成物,利用埋設於距離流路的上游前端25mm的位置之壓力感測器測量壓力的經時變化,並測量該密封用樹脂組成物流動時的最低壓力(MPa),並將其作為矩形壓力。
Description
本發明係有關一種密封用樹脂組成物、半導體裝置及半導體裝置之製造方法。
作為半導體封裝等密封用樹脂組成物,已開發出各種技術。又,半導體封裝等電子零件由具有各種線膨脹係數之構件構成,在其製造過程中,經過後硬化或迴焊等伴隨加熱之步驟,而存在產生翹曲之問題。因此,例如專利文獻1中揭示有一種密封用樹脂組成物,其含有環氧樹脂、酚硬化劑、無機填充劑及硬脂酸蠟,該環氧樹脂含有30~100質量%的特定的含二氫蒽骨架之環氧樹脂,並且翹曲小,且在室溫至迴焊溫度下的翹曲的溫度變化小。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
專利文獻1:日本特開2010-084091號公報
[發明所欲解決之課題]
另一方,存在如下問題,即,在對半導體封裝等進行樹脂密封時,在密封用樹脂的流動中,與半導體晶片連接之接合線變形,從而引起斷線或接觸等。
依本發明人等的研究,判斷出當使用專利文獻1中記載的密封用樹脂組成物時,難以同時抑制使用該密封用樹脂組成物進行密封時的導線偏移和在使用該密封用樹脂組成物進行密封之半導體裝置的後硬化或迴焊時產生之翹曲。本發明的目的為提供一種進行樹脂密封時的導線偏移的產生少,且在使用密封用樹脂組成物進行密封之半導體裝置的後硬化時等中產生之翹曲少之密封用樹脂組成物。
[解決課題之技術手段]
依本發明,提供一種密封用樹脂組成物,其含有:
(A)環氧樹脂;
(B)硬化劑;及
(C)填充材料,
環氧樹脂(A)含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1),
在將前述密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度設為Tg(℃)、
將在190℃~230℃的線膨脹係數設為α2
(ppm/℃)、
將在260℃的熱時彈性模數設為E2
(MPa)、
將藉由以下方法測量之前述密封用樹脂組成物在175℃的矩形壓力設為η2
(MPa)時,
滿足下述式(1)。
式(1) E2
×(α2
×10-6
)×(175-Tg)×η2
≤0.3
(方法)
使用低壓轉注成型機,在模具溫度170℃、注入流量177mm3
/秒鐘的條件下,向寬度15mm、厚度1mm、長度175mm的矩形狀的流路中注入前述密封用樹脂組成物,利用埋設於距離流路的上游前端25mm的位置之壓力感測器測量壓力的經時變化,並測量前述密封用樹脂組成物流動時的最低壓力(MPa),並將其作為矩形壓力。
又,依本發明,提供一種具備藉由硬化上述密封用樹脂組成物而形成之密封樹脂之半導體裝置。
又,依本發明,提供一種半導體裝置之製造方法,包括:
在基板上裝載半導體元件之步驟;及
使用上述密封用樹脂組成物對半導體元件進行密封之密封步驟。
[發明之效果]
依本發明,提供一種進行樹脂密封時的導線偏移的產生少,且在使用密封用樹脂組成物進行密封之半導體裝置的後硬化時等中產生之翹曲少的密封用樹脂組成物、具備藉由硬化該密封用樹脂組成物而形成之密封樹脂之半導體裝置及該半導體裝置之製造方法。
以下,對本發明的實施形態進行詳細說明。
本說明書中,只要沒有特別說明,數值範圍的說明中之「a~b」的標記表示a以上且b以下。例如,「1~5質量%」係指「1質量%以上且5質量%以下」。
本說明書中之「電子裝置」的術語以包含應用了半導體晶片、半導體元件、印刷配線基板、電路顯示裝置、資訊通信終端、發光二極體、物理電池、化學電池等電子工學的技術之元件、設備、最終產品等之含義使用。
另外,在所有的圖式中,對相同的構成要素標註相同的符號,並適當省略說明。又,圖為概略圖,與實際的尺寸比率並不一致。
<密封用樹脂組成物>
首先,對本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物進行說明。
本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物含有(A)環氧樹脂、(B)硬化劑及(C)填充材料。
而且,本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物在將前述密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度設為Tg(℃)、
將在190℃~230℃的線膨脹係數設為α2
(ppm/℃)、
將在260℃的熱時彈性模數設為E2
(MPa)、
將藉由以下方法測量之前述密封用樹脂組成物在175℃的矩形壓力設為η2
(MPa)時,滿足下述式(1)。
式(1) E2
×(α2
×10-6
)×(175-Tg)×η2
≤0.3
(方法)
使用低壓轉注成型機,在模具溫度170℃、注入流量177mm3
/秒鐘的條件下,向寬度15mm、厚度1mm、長度175mm的矩形狀的流路中注入前述密封用樹脂組成物,利用埋設於距離流路的上游前端25mm的位置之壓力感測器測量壓力的經時變化,並測量前述密封用樹脂組成物流動時的最低壓力(MPa),並將其作為矩形壓力。
半導體封裝等電子零件由具有各種線膨脹係數之構件構成,在其製造過程中,若經過伴隨加熱之步驟,由於各種構件的收縮量、膨脹量不同,因此作為結果,產生翹曲。產生大幅度的翹曲會導致因接合不良引起之可靠性下降和提高封裝體單片化時的切斷的難度,因此抑制從低溫至高溫為止的廣範圍的翹曲成為重要的課題。又,另一方,存在如下問題,即,在對半導體封裝等進行樹脂密封時,在密封用樹脂的填充中,與半導體晶片連接之接合線變形,從而引起斷線或接觸等。然而,難以同時實現導線偏移的抑制和翹曲的抑制。
本發明人等為了同時實現導線偏移的抑制和翹曲的抑制,進行深入研究,發現在含有(A)環氧樹脂、(B)硬化劑及(C)填充材料之密封用樹脂組成物中,藉由設為玻璃轉移溫度Tg、線膨脹係數α2
、熱時彈性模數E2
及矩形壓力η2
滿足特定的關係即式(1)之構成,成為能夠同時實現上述兩個課題之密封用樹脂組成物,從而完成了本發明。
藉由密封用樹脂組成物具有上述成分,並且密封用樹脂組成物滿足上述式(1),能夠同時實現導線偏移的抑制和翹曲的抑制之理由未必明確,但可以推測以下幾點。
上述式(1)中之「E2
×(α2
×10-6
)×(175-Tg)」為玻璃轉移溫度以上時的熱時彈性模數、玻璃轉移溫度以上時的線膨脹係數和硬化溫度與玻璃轉移溫度之差的乘積,表示高溫時的殘留應力S2
。又,矩形壓力η2
表示高溫時的熔融黏度。依本實施形態之樹脂組成物,認為藉由殘留應力S2
和表示高溫時的熔融黏度之矩形壓力η2
的乘積滿足特定的條件,能夠使高溫時積累之內部應力與高溫時的流動性達到最佳平衡,從而能夠兼顧填充時的導線偏移的抑制和該樹脂組成物的硬化物的經過熱歷程後的翹曲的抑制。
又,如以上的特性能夠藉由適當地調整構成本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物之各成分的種類、摻合量來實現。
由式(1)表示之「E2
×(α2
×10-6
)×(175-Tg)×η2
」係0.3以下,0.28以下為較佳,0.25以下為特佳。「E2
×(α2
×10-6
)×(175-Tg)×η2
」的下限並無特別限制,例如能夠設為0.01以上。
熱時彈性模數E2
(MPa)例如能夠依據JISK-6911利用以下方法進行測量。首先,使用低壓轉注成型機(上瀧精機公司(KOHTAKI Corporation.)製造的「KTS-15」)在模具溫度175℃、注入壓力6.9MPa、硬化時間120秒鐘的條件下對密封用樹脂組成物進行注入成形,從而獲得10mm×4mm×4mm的試驗片。接著,藉由使用DMA測量裝置(精工電子有限公司(Seiko Instruments Inc.)製造)之三點彎曲法,在測量溫度範圍0℃~300℃、5℃/分鐘的條件下對該試驗片進行升溫測量,測量了在260℃的硬化物的熱時彈性模數。另外,熱時彈性模數E2
的單位為MPa。
關於熱時彈性模數E2
,在與其他參數的關係中,只要滿足上述式(1)則並無特別限制,但從提高硬化物的強度之觀點而言,較佳為100MPa以上,更佳為500MPa以上,進一步較佳為1000MPa以上。又,從實現應力鬆弛特性優異之硬化物之觀點而言,上述熱時彈性模數E2
較佳為10000MPa以下,更佳為8000MPa以下,進一步較佳為6000MPa以下。
從提高硬化物的強度之觀點而言,利用與熱時彈性模數E2
相同的方法藉由DMA測量之密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物在25℃的常溫時彈性模數E1
較佳為1000MPa以上,更佳為3000MPa以上,進一步較佳為5000MPa以上。
又,從實現應力鬆弛特性優異之硬化物之觀點而言,上述在25℃的儲存彈性模數E1
較佳為40000MPa以下,更佳為30000MPa以下,進一步較佳為25000MPa以下。
玻璃轉移溫度Tg(℃)、線膨脹係數α2
(ppm/℃)例如能夠利用以下方法進行測量。首先,使用轉注成型機在模具溫度175℃、注入壓力9.8MPa、硬化時間3分鐘的條件下對半導體密封用樹脂組成物進行注入成形,從而獲得15mm×4mm×4mm的試驗片。接著,將所獲得之試驗片在175℃進行4小時後硬化之後,使用熱機械分析裝置(精工電子工業有限公司(Seiko Denshi industries, Ltd.)製造,TMA100)在測量溫度範圍0℃~320℃、升溫速度5℃/分鐘的條件下進行測量。根據該測量結果,計算在玻璃轉移溫度Tg(℃)、玻璃轉移溫度以上的線膨脹係數(α2
)。另外,在本實施形態中,將在190℃~230℃的線膨脹係數設為α2
(ppm/℃)。另外,線膨脹係數α2
的單位為ppm/℃,玻璃轉移溫度的單位為℃。
關於線膨脹係數α2
,在與其他參數的關係中,只要滿足上述式(1)則並無特別限制,但從降低熱歷程時的線膨脹係數,例如抑制與構成半導體封裝之其他材料的膨脹量/收縮量差之觀點而言,較佳為75ppm/℃以下,更佳為70ppm/℃以下,進一步較佳為65ppm/℃以下。上述平均線膨脹係數α2
的下限值並無限定,例如可以設為10ppm/℃以上。
又,關於硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度,在與其他參數的關係中,只要滿足上述式(1)則並無限制,100℃以上為較佳,更佳為110℃以上,進一步較佳為120℃以上,進而高於125℃為特佳。
又,硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度的上限並無限制,但從提高硬化物的韌性之觀點而言,例如為300℃以下,未達175℃為更佳,亦可以為140℃以下。
例如抑制與構成半導體封裝之其他材料的膨脹量/收縮量差之觀點而言,利用與線膨脹係數α2
相同的方法求出之硬化物在40℃~80℃的線膨脹係數α1
較佳為50ppm/℃以下,更佳為45ppm/℃以下,進一步較佳為40/℃以下。上述平均線膨脹係數α1
的下限值並無限定,例如亦可以設為1ppm/℃以上。
關於本實施形態的半導體密封用樹脂組成物的矩形壓力(向矩形狀的空間內的注入壓力),在與其他參數的關係中,只要滿足上述式(1)則並無特別限制,其上限值例如係2.0MPa以下為較佳,1.0MPa以下為更佳,0.3MPa以下為進一步更佳,0.2MPa以下為特佳。藉此,能夠更有效地提高將半導體密封用樹脂組成物填充於基板與半導體元件之間時的填充性。又,上述矩形壓力的下限值係0.03MPa以上為較佳,0.04MPa以上為更佳,0.05MPa以上為特佳。藉此,能夠防止在成形時從模具間隙洩漏樹脂。
本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物在將該密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度設為Tg(℃)、
將在40℃~80℃的線膨脹係數設為α1
(ppm/℃)、
將在25℃的常溫時彈性模數設為E1
(MPa)時,
由下述式(2)表示之殘留應力S1
(MPa)為10MPa以上且90MPa以下為較佳,20MPa以上且80MPa以下為更佳,30MPa以上且70MPa以下為特佳。
式(2) 殘留應力S1
=E1
×(α1
×10-6
)×(Tg-(-40))
在本實施形態中,從提高密封用樹脂組成物的成形性,並且加快成形週期之觀點而言,密封用樹脂組成物的凝膠時間較佳為10秒以上,更佳為20秒以上。
又,從實現硬化性優異之硬化物之觀點而言,密封用樹脂組成物的凝膠時間較佳為100秒以下,更佳為80秒以下,進一步較佳為70秒以下。
凝膠時間的測量能夠藉由將密封用樹脂組成物在加熱至175℃之熱板上熔融之後,一邊利用刮勺混煉一邊測量硬化為止的時間(凝膠時間)來進行。
在本實施形態中,從更有效地提高成形密封用樹脂組成物時的填充性之觀點而言,密封用樹脂組成物的螺旋流流動長度較佳為40cm以上,更佳為50cm,進一步較佳為60cm。又,螺旋流流動長度的上限值並無限定,例如能夠設為200cm。
在本實施形態的半導體密封用樹脂組成物中,在175℃進行2分鐘熱處理時的收縮率S1
例如能夠設為0.05%以上且2%以下,0.1%以上且0.5%以下為更佳。又,在本實施形態的半導體密封用樹脂組成物中,在175℃進行4小時熱處理時的收縮率S2
例如能夠設為0.05%以上且2%以下,0.1%以上且0.5%以下為更佳。藉由如此將半導體密封用樹脂組成物的成形時的收縮率設為特定的範圍,能使有機基板等基板的收縮量與樹脂組成物的硬化時的收縮量匹配,使其穩定為半導體封裝的翹曲得到抑制之形狀。
本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物含有(A)環氧樹脂、(B)硬化劑及(C)填充材料。
(環氧樹脂(A))
在本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物中,環氧樹脂(A)含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1)。
本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1),具有由含有該萘骨架之結構單位引起之剛性,交聯密度不會變得過高,因此推測可獲得熔融時的黏度特性與成為硬化物時的收縮率、彈性模數的平衡優異之密封用樹脂組成物。
上述式(NE)中,R1
分別獨立地表示氫原子或甲基,Ar1
及Ar2
分別獨立地表示伸萘基或伸苯基,兩個基團可以分別具有碳數1~4的烷基或伸苯基作為取代基。R2
分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1~4的烷基或芳烷基,p及q分別獨立地為0~4的整數,其中,p和q中的任意一者為1以上,R3
分別獨立地表示氫原子、芳烷基或含環氧基的芳香族烴基。
式(NE)中,當R2
為芳烷基時,該芳烷基能夠由下述式(A)表示。
又,式(NE)中,當R3
為芳烷基時,該芳烷基能夠由下述式(A)表示。
式(A)中,R4
及R5
分別獨立地表示氫原子或甲基,Ar3
表示伸苯基、1~3的氫原子被碳數1~4的烷基核取代之伸苯基、或者伸萘基、或1~3的氫原子被碳數1~4的烷基核取代之伸萘基。r為平均0.1~4的數。
式(NE)中,當R3
為含環氧基的芳香族烴基時,該含環氧基的芳香族烴基能夠由下述式(E)表示。
式(E)中,R6
表示氫原子或甲基,Ar4
表示伸萘基或碳數1~4的烷基、具有芳烷基或者伸苯基作為取代基之伸萘基,s為1或2的整數。
認為本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物藉由含有上述態樣的具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1),成為熔融時的黏度特性與成為硬化物時的收縮率、彈性模數的平衡優異之密封用樹脂組成物。
在本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物中,除了上述具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1)以外,環氧樹脂(A)含有環氧樹脂(A-2)為較佳。
環氧樹脂(A-2)為例如含有選自聯苯型環氧樹脂;雙酚A型環氧樹脂、雙酚F型環氧樹脂、四甲基雙酚F型環氧樹脂等雙酚型環氧樹脂;茋型環氧樹脂;苯酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂、甲酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂等酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂;三酚甲烷型環氧樹脂、烷基改質三酚甲烷型環氧樹脂等多官能環氧樹脂;具有伸苯基骨架之苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂、具有聯伸苯基骨架之苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂等苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂;三聚異氰酸三環氧丙酯、單烯丙基二環氧丙基三聚異氰酸酯等含有三𠯤核之環氧樹脂;二環戊二烯改質苯酚型環氧樹脂等橋聯環狀烴化合物改質苯酚型環氧樹脂中之一種或兩種以上者。
在該等之中,從提高耐濕可靠性與成形性的平衡之觀點而言,環氧樹脂(A-2)含有雙酚型環氧樹脂、聯苯型環氧樹脂、酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂、苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂及三酚甲烷型環氧樹脂中之至少一個為更佳。又,從抑制半導體裝置的翹曲之觀點而言,含有苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂及酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂中之至少一個為特佳。為了進一步提高流動性,聯苯型環氧樹脂為特佳,為了控制高溫彈性模數,具有聯伸苯基骨架之苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂為特佳。
作為環氧樹脂(A-2),例如能夠使用含有選自由以下述式(1)表示之環氧樹脂、以下述式(2)表示之環氧樹脂、以下述式(3)表示之環氧樹脂、以下述式(4)表示之環氧樹脂及以下述式(5)表示之環氧樹脂之組成的群中之至少一種者。
上述式(1)中,Ar1
表示伸苯基或伸萘基,當Ar1
為伸萘基時,環氧丙基醚基可以與α位、β位中的任意一個鍵結。Ar2
表示伸苯基、聯伸苯基或伸萘基中的任一個基團。Ra
及Rb
分別獨立地表示碳數1~10的烴基。g為0~5的整數,h為0~8的整數。n3
表示聚合度,其平均值為1~3。
式(2)中,存在複數個之Rc
分別獨立地表示氫原子或碳數1~4的烴基。n5
表示聚合度,其平均值為0~4。
式(3)中,存在複數個之Rd
及Re
分別獨立地表示氫原子或碳數1~4的烴基。n6
表示聚合度,其平均值為0~4。
式(4)中,存在複數個之Rf
分別獨立地表示氫原子或碳數1~4的烴基。n7
表示聚合度,其平均值為0~4。
式(5)中,存在複數個之Rg
分別獨立地表示氫原子或碳數1~4的烴基。n8
表示聚合度,其平均值為0~4。
上述中,作為環氧樹脂(A-2),作為更佳態樣之一,亦可舉出含有由上述式(5)表示之環氧樹脂者。
在本實施形態中,在將含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1)之環氧樹脂(A)的總量設為100質量份時,或將合併具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1)及除了環氧樹脂(A-1)以外的環氧樹脂(A-2)之環氧樹脂(A)的總量設為100質量份時,環氧樹脂(A-1)係1質量份以上且70質量份以下為較佳,10質量份以上且65質量份以下為更佳,30質量份以上且60質量份以下為特佳。
(硬化劑(B))
關於本實施形態中之硬化劑(B),只要通常用於半導體密封用樹脂組成物者,則並無特別限制,例如可舉出酚系硬化劑、胺系硬化劑、酸酐系硬化劑及硫醇系硬化劑,能夠含有選自該等中之至少一種。該等中,從耐燃性、耐濕性、電特性、硬化性、保存穩定性等的平衡點而言,含有酚系硬化劑為較佳。
<酚系硬化劑>
作為酚系硬化劑,只要通常用於半導體密封用樹脂組成物者,則並無特別限制,例如可舉出使以苯酚酚醛清漆樹脂、甲酚酚醛清漆樹脂為代表之苯酚、甲酚、間苯二酚、兒茶酚、雙酚A、雙酚F、苯基苯酚、胺基苯酚、α-萘酚、β-萘酚、二羥基萘等酚類和甲醛或酮類在酸性觸媒下進行縮合或共縮合而得之酚醛清漆樹脂、由上述酚類與二甲氧基對二甲苯或雙(甲氧基甲基)聯苯合成之具有聯伸苯基骨架之苯酚芳烷基樹脂、具有伸苯基骨架之苯酚芳烷基樹脂等苯酚芳烷基樹脂、具有三苯甲烷骨架之酚樹脂等,可以單獨使用該等,亦可以組合兩種以上使用。
<胺系硬化劑>
作為胺系硬化劑,除了二伸乙三胺(DETA)、三伸乙四胺(TETA)、間苯二甲胺(MXDA)等脂肪族多胺、二胺基二苯基甲烷(DDM)、間苯二胺(MPDA)、二胺基二苯基碸(DDS)等芳香族多胺以外,可舉出含有二氰二胺(DICY)、有機酸二醯肼等之多胺化合物等,可以單獨使用該等,亦可以組合兩種以上使用。
<酸酐系硬化劑>
作為酸酐系硬化劑,可舉出六氫酞酸酐(HHPA)、甲基四氫酞酸酐(MTHPA)、順丁烯二酸酐等脂環族酸酐、1,2,4-苯三甲酸酐(TMA)、焦蜜石酸酐(PMDA)、二苯基酮四羧酸(BTDA)、酞酸酐等芳香族酸酐等,可以單獨使用該等,亦可以組合兩種以上使用。
<硫醇系硬化劑>
作為硫醇系硬化劑,可舉出三羥甲基丙烷三(3-巰基丁酸酯)、三羥甲基乙烷三(3-巰基丁酸酯)等,可以單獨使用該等,亦可以組合兩種以上使用。
<其他硬化劑>
作為其他硬化劑,可舉出異氰酸酯預聚物或嵌段化異氰酸酯等異氰酸酯化合物、含羧酸的聚酯樹脂等有機酸類等,可以單獨使用該等,亦可以組合兩種以上使用。
又,亦可以組合上述中不同系的硬化劑的兩種以上使用。
密封用樹脂組成物可以僅含有一種硬化劑(B),亦可以含有兩種以上的硬化劑(B)。
在本實施形態中,硬化劑(B)相對於環氧樹脂(A)100質量份,含有30~70質量份為較佳,含有35~65質量份為更佳,含有40~60質量份為特佳。
又,硬化劑(B)的含量例如相對於密封用樹脂組成物的總固體成分100質量%係0.5質量%以上為較佳,1質量%以上為更佳,1.5質量%以上為進一步較佳。藉此,在成形時成為優異之流動性,可實現填充性和成形性的提高。
硬化劑(B)的含量的上限值並無特別限定,例如相對於密封用樹脂組成物的總固體成分100質量%係9質量%以下為較佳,8質量%以下為更佳,7質量%以下為進一步較佳。
藉此,能夠提高作為電子裝置的耐濕可靠性和耐迴焊性。又,能夠有助於進一步抑制基材的翹曲。
(填充材料(C))
本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物含有填充材料(C)。
作為填充材料(C),具體而言,可舉出二氧化矽、氧化鋁、鈦白、氫氧化鋁、滑石、黏土、雲母、玻璃纖維等無機填充劑。
填充材料(C)含有二氧化矽為較佳。作為二氧化矽,能夠舉出熔融破碎二氧化矽、熔融球狀二氧化矽、結晶二氧化矽、二次凝聚二氧化矽等。該等中熔融球狀二氧化矽為特佳。
填充材料(C)通常為粒子。粒子的形狀較佳為大致圓球狀。
填充材料(C)的平均粒徑並無特別限定,典型地為1~100μm,較佳為1~50μm,更佳為1~20μm。藉由平均粒徑為適當,能夠確保硬化時的適當的流動性等。另外,亦考慮藉由使平均粒徑相對減小(例如1~20μm),例如提高對最前端的晶圓級封裝中之狹窄間隙部分的填充性。
填充材料(C)的平均粒徑能夠藉由雷射繞射/散射式粒徑分布測量裝置(例如,堀場製作所股份有限公司(HORIBA, Ltd.)製造的濕式粒度分布測量機LA-950)取得體積基準的粒徑分布的資料,並對該資料進行處理來求出。測量通常以濕式進行。
二氧化矽等填充材料(C)亦可以進行利用矽烷偶合劑等偶合劑之表面改質。藉此,填充材料(C)的凝聚得到抑制,能夠獲得更良好的流動性。又,填充材料(C)與其他成分的親和性得到提高,從而填充材料(C)的分散性提高。認為這有助於提高硬化物的機械強度,抑制產生微裂。
作為用以表面改質的偶合劑,能夠使用後述的作為偶合劑(E)舉出者。
密封用樹脂組成物可以僅含有一種填充材料(C),亦可以含有兩種以上的填充材料(C)。
填充材料(C)的含量並無特別限制,例如相對於密封用樹脂組成物的總固體成分100質量份含有65質量份以上且98質量份以下為較佳,含有68質量份以上且95質量份以下為更佳,含有70質量份以上且93質量份以下為特佳。
藉由適當地增加填充材料(C)的含量,能夠提高低吸濕性等,從而能夠更有效地提高電子裝置的耐濕可靠性和耐迴焊性。尤其,若適當地增加填充材料(C),相對減少樹脂成分(環氧樹脂(A)、硬化劑(B)等),則理論上減少硬化收縮,因此能夠進一步減少翹曲。藉由適當地減少填充材料(C)的含量,能夠抑制伴隨成形時的流動性的降低之成形性的降低等。依本實施形態的樹脂組成物,即使適當地增加填充材料(C),亦能夠抑制成形時的流動性的降低等。
(硬化促進劑)
本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物能夠含有硬化促進劑。硬化促進劑只要促進熱硬化性樹脂的硬化即可,並且根據熱硬化性樹脂的種類來選擇。
在本實施形態中,硬化促進劑例如含有選自由有機膦、四取代鏻化合物、磷酸酯甜菜鹼(phosphobetaine)化合物、膦化合物與醌化合物的加成物、鏻化合物與矽烷化合物的加成物等含磷原子的化合物;2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(EMI24)、2-苯基-4-甲基咪唑(2P4MZ)、2-苯基咪唑(2PZ)、2-苯基-4-甲基-5-羥基咪唑(2P4MHZ)、1-苄基-2-苯基咪唑(1B2PZ)等咪唑化合物;例示出1,8-二吖雙環[5.4.0]十一碳烯-7、苄基二甲基胺等之脒(amidine)或三級胺、上述脒或胺的四級鹽(quaternary salt)等含氮原子的化合物組成的群中之一種或兩種以上。從提高密封用樹脂組成物的硬化性之觀點及提高密封材料與金屬的密接性之觀點而言,硬化促進劑較佳為含有咪唑化合物。
從有效地提高樹脂組成物的硬化性之觀點而言,密封用樹脂組成物中的硬化促進劑的含量相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,較佳為0.01質量%以上,更佳為0.03質量%以上,進一步較佳為0.05質量%以上。
又,從提高密封用樹脂組成物的處理性之觀點而言,密封用樹脂組成物中的硬化促進劑的含量相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,較佳為5質量%以下,更佳為3質量%以下,進一步較佳為1質量%以下。
(偶合劑)
本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物能夠含有偶合劑。藉由密封用樹脂組成物含有偶合劑,例如能夠實現進一步提高與基材的密接性,或提高組成物中的填充材料的分散性等。當填充材料的分散性提高時,最終獲得之硬化物的均質性提高。這能夠有助於提高硬化物的機械強度等。
作為偶合劑,例如能夠使用環氧矽烷、巰基矽烷、胺基矽烷、烷基矽烷、脲基矽烷、乙烯基矽烷、甲基丙烯酸矽烷等各種矽烷系化合物、鈦系化合物、鋁螯合物類、鋁/鋯系化合物等公知的偶合劑。
更具體而言,能夠例示以下。
·矽烷系偶合劑
乙烯基三氯矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)矽烷、γ-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、β-(3,4-環氧基環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-環氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-環氧丙氧基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、γ-環氧丙氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、γ-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、γ-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙醯氧基矽烷、γ-巰基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、γ-苯胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-苯胺基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、γ-[雙(β-羥基乙基)]胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-β-(胺基乙基)-γ-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-β-(胺基乙基)-γ-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-β-(胺基乙基)-γ-胺基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、苯基胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-(β-胺基乙基)胺基丙基二甲氧基甲基矽烷、N-(三甲氧基矽基丙基)乙二胺、N-(二甲氧基甲基矽基異丙基)乙二胺、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、N-β-(N-乙烯基苄基胺基乙基)-γ-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-氯丙基三甲氧基矽烷、六甲基二矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-巰基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3-異氰酸酯丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-三乙氧基矽基-N-(1,3-二甲基-亞丁基)丙基胺的水解物等。
·鈦酸酯系偶合劑
異丙基三異硬脂醯基鈦酸酯、異丙基三(焦磷酸二辛酯)鈦酸酯、異丙基三(N-胺基乙基-胺基乙基)鈦酸酯、四辛基雙(二(十三烷基)亞磷酸酯)鈦酸酯、四(2,2-二烯丙氧基甲基-1-丁基)雙(二(十三烷基))亞磷酸酯鈦酸酯、雙(焦磷酸二辛酯)氧乙酸酯鈦酸酯、雙(焦磷酸二辛酯)乙烯鈦酸酯、異丙基三辛醯基鈦酸酯、異丙基二甲基丙烯基硬脂醯基鈦酸酯、異丙基三(十二烷基)苯磺醯基鈦酸酯、異丙基異硬脂醯基二丙烯酸鈦酸酯、異丙基三(二辛基磷酸酯)鈦酸酯、異丙基三異丙苯基苯基鈦酸酯、四異丙基雙(二辛基亞磷酸酯)鈦酸酯等。
當密封用樹脂組成物含有偶合劑時,可以僅含有一種偶合劑,亦可以含有兩種以上的偶合劑。
偶合劑的含量的下限並無特別限定,例如相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,0.05質量%以上為較佳,0.1質量%以上為更佳。藉由將偶合劑的含量設為該等下限值以上,容易充分獲得添加偶合劑所帶來之效果。
偶合劑的含量的上限並無特別限定,相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,2.0質量%以下為較佳,1.0質量%以下為更佳。藉由將偶合劑的含量設為該等上限值以下,密封成形時的密封用樹脂組成物的流動性變得適當,可獲得良好的填充性和成形性。
(其他成分)
根據需要,本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物可以進一步含有pH調整劑、離子捕捉劑、阻燃劑、著色劑、脫模劑、低應力劑、抗氧化劑、重金屬鈍化劑等各種添加劑。
作為pH調整劑,例如能夠使用水滑石。據說,水滑石將組成物中的pH保持在中性附近,作為其結果難以產生Cl-
等離子。
作為離子捕捉劑(亦稱為Ion catcher、Ion trap agent等),例如能夠使用鉍氧化物、釔氧化物等。
當使用pH調整劑及/或離子捕捉劑時,可以僅使用一種,亦可以同時使用兩種以上。
當使用pH調整劑及/或離子捕捉劑時,其量相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,例如為0.05~0.3質量%,較佳為0.1~0.2質量%。
作為阻燃劑,能夠舉出無機系阻燃劑(例如氫氧化鋁等水合金屬系化合物,能夠從住友化學股份有限公司(Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)等獲得)、鹵素系阻燃劑、磷系阻燃劑、有機金屬鹽系阻燃劑等。
當使用阻燃劑時,可以僅使用一種,亦可以同時使用兩種以上。
當使用阻燃劑時,含量並無特別限制,相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,例如為10質量%以下,較佳為5質量%以下。藉由設為該等上限值以下,能夠保持封裝體的電可靠性。
作為著色劑,具體而言,可舉出碳黑、紅丹、氧化鈦等。
當使用著色劑時,能夠使用一種或組合兩種以上使用。
當使用著色劑時,其量相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,例如為0.1~0.5質量%,較佳為0.2~0.4質量%。
作為脫模劑,可舉出天然蠟、二十八酸酯等合成蠟、高級脂肪酸或其金屬鹽類、石蠟、氧化聚乙烯等。
當使用脫模劑時,可以僅使用一種,亦可以同時使用兩種以上。
當使用脫模劑時,其量相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,例如為0.1~0.5質量%,較佳為0.2~0.3質量%。
作為低應力劑,例如能夠舉出聚矽氧油、聚矽氧橡膠、聚異平、1,2-聚丁二烯、1,4-聚丁二烯等聚丁二烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠、丙烯腈-丁二烯橡膠、聚氯平、聚(氧丙烯)、聚(氧四亞甲基)二醇、聚烯烴二醇、聚-ε-己內酯等熱塑性彈性體、聚硫橡膠、氟橡膠等。
當使用低應力劑時,可以僅使用一種,亦可以同時使用兩種以上。
當使用低應力劑時,其量相對於密封用樹脂組成物整體,例如能夠設為0.05~1.0質量%。
接著,對密封用樹脂組成物之製造方法進行說明。
本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物例如藉由利用公知的方法將前述各成分混合,進而利用輥、捏合機或擠出機等混煉機進行熔融混煉,冷卻之後進行粉碎來獲得。進而,亦能夠使用將該等打錠成形為錠狀者作為密封用樹脂組成物。藉此,能夠獲得顆粒狀或錠狀的密封用樹脂組成物。
藉由製成該種打錠成形之組成物,容易使用轉注成型、射出成形及壓縮成形等公知的成形方法進行密封成形。
本實施形態的密封用樹脂組成物能夠用於通常的半導體元件和功率半導體等半導體元件密封用樹脂組成物、晶圓密封用樹脂組成物、疑似晶圓形成用樹脂組成物、車載用電子控制單元形成用密封用樹脂組成物、配線基板形成用密封用樹脂組成物、轉子固定構件用密封用樹脂組成物等各種用途。
以下,對半導體裝置進行說明。
<半導體裝置>
本實施形態中之半導體裝置係具備藉由硬化本實施形態中之密封用樹脂組成物而形成之密封樹脂之半導體裝置。
圖1係表示本實施形態之半導體裝置100的構成之剖面圖。圖1所示之半導體裝置100具備裝載於基板30上之半導體元件20和對半導體元件20進行密封而成之密封材料50。
密封材料50由硬化本實施形態中之密封用樹脂組成物而得之硬化物構成。
又,圖1中例示有基板30為電路基板之情況。此時,如圖1所示,在基板30中的與裝載半導體元件20之一面為相反側的另一面例如形成複數個焊球60。半導體元件20裝載於基板30上,且經由導線40與基板30電連接。另一方,半導體元件20可以倒裝晶片(flip chip)安裝於基板30。在此,導線40例如由銅構成。
密封材料50例如以覆蓋半導體元件20中的與基板30對向之一面之相反側的另一面之方式對半導體元件20進行密封。在圖1所示之例子中,密封材料50以覆蓋半導體元件20的上述另一面和側面之方式形成。密封材料50例如能夠藉由使用轉注成型法或壓縮成形法等公知的方法對密封用樹脂組成物進行密封成形來形成。
作為上述半導體裝置100之製造方法,例如可舉出包括如下步驟之製造方法:
在基板30上裝載半導體元件20之步驟;及
使用本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物對前述半導體元件進行密封之密封步驟。
又,作為用以獲得將半導體裝置100進一步與其他基板電接合之半導體裝置之製造方法,可舉出在上述密封步驟之後具有迴焊步驟之半導體裝置之製造方法。在本實施形態之製造方法中,能夠將前述迴焊步驟中之迴焊溫度例如設為200℃以上,亦能夠設為230℃以上,尤其亦能夠設為260℃以上。在本實施形態中,密封材料50使用前述本實施形態中之密封用樹脂組成物來形成,因此即使經過該種高溫迴焊,亦能夠抑制產生翹曲。因此,能夠提高半導體裝置100的可靠性。
圖2係表示本實施形態之半導體裝置100的構成之剖面圖,並示出與圖1不同的例子。圖2所示之半導體裝置100使用引線框作為基板30。此時,半導體元件20例如裝載於基板30中的晶片墊(die pad)32上,且經由導線40與外引線34電連接。又,密封材料50與圖1所示之例子同樣地,使用本實施形態之密封用樹脂組成物來形成。
另外,本發明並不限定於前述實施形態,在能夠實現本發明的目的之範圍內的變形、改良等包括在本發明中。
[實施例]
以下,參閱實施例對本發明進行詳細說明,但本發明不受該等實施例記載的任何限定。
<實施例1~9、比較例1(密封用樹脂組成物的製造)>
首先,將表1中記載的摻合量(質量份)的各成分在常溫下使用混合機進行混合而獲得了混合物。
接著,在70℃以上且100℃以下的溫度對該混合物進行了加熱混煉。
然後,冷卻至常溫,之後進行粉碎,獲得了密封用樹脂組成物。
表1中記載的各原料成分的詳細內容如下。
(環氧樹脂)
·環氧樹脂1:以由前述式(NE)表示之具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂為主成分之環氧樹脂(迪愛生股份有限公司(DIC Corporation)製造,產品編號:HP6000L)
·環氧樹脂2:含聯伸苯基骨架的苯酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂(日本化藥股份有限公司(Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd.)製造,產品編號:NC3000)
·環氧樹脂3:以由前述式(5)表示之具有三苯甲烷骨架之環氧樹脂為主成分之環氧樹脂(日本環境調查研究所股份有限公司(JAPAN ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH CO.,LTD.)製造,產品編號:YL6677)
·環氧樹脂4:由前述式(2)表示之聯苯型環氧樹脂(三菱化學股份有限公司(Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)製造,產品編號:YX-4000K)
·環氧樹脂5:二環戊二烯型環氧樹脂(迪愛生股份有限公司製造,產品編號:HP-7200L)
(硬化劑)
·硬化劑1:含聯伸苯基骨架的苯酚芳烷基型樹脂(日本化藥股份有限公司製造,產品編號:GPH-65)
·硬化劑2:三苯甲烷型酚樹脂(愛沃特股份有限公司(AIR WATER INC)製造,HE910-20)
·硬化劑3:聯苯芳烷基型酚樹脂(明和化成股份有限公司(MEIWA PLASTIC INDUSTRIES,LTD.)製造,產品編號:MEH-7851H)
·硬化劑4:聯苯二亞甲基型酚樹脂(明和化成股份有限公司製造,產品編號:MEH-7851SS)
·硬化劑5:聯苯芳烷基型酚樹脂(明和化成股份有限公司製造,產品編號:SH-002-02)
(無機填充材料)
·無機填充材料1:熔融球狀二氧化矽(東海礦物質公司(Tokai Minerals Company)製造,ES系列)
·無機填充材料2:熔融球狀二氧化矽(麥克隆公司(Micron, Inc.)製造,TS系列)
·無機填充材料3:平均粒徑0.6μm、比表面積6.4m2
/g、上限剔除45μm的熔融球狀二氧化矽(亞都瑪科技股份有限公司(Admatechs CO.,LTD.)製造,產品編號:SC-2500-SQ)
·無機填充材料4:平均粒徑1.6μm、比表面積4.4m2
/g、上限剔除45μm的熔融球狀二氧化矽(亞都瑪科技股份有限公司製造,產品編號:SC-5500-SQ)
·無機填充材料5:熔融球狀二氧化矽(亞都瑪科技股份有限公司製造,產品編號:FEB24S5)
·無機填充材料6:熔融球狀二氧化矽(亞都瑪科技股份有限公司製造,產品編號:SD2500-SQ)
·無機填充材料7:熔融球狀二氧化矽(亞都瑪科技股份有限公司製造,產品編號:SD5500-SQ)
·無機填充材料8:熔融球狀二氧化矽(電化股份有限公司(Denka Company Limited)製造,產品編號:FB-950)
·無機填充材料9:熔融球狀二氧化矽(電化股份有限公司製造,產品編號:FB-105)
(硬化促進劑)
·硬化促進劑1:四苯基鏻-4,4'-磺醯二酚鹽(住友電木股份有限公司(Sumitomo Bakelite Co.,Ltd.)製造)
·硬化促進劑2:四苯基鏻雙(萘-2,3-二氧基)苯基矽酸鹽(住友電木股份有限公司製造)
(偶合劑)
·偶合劑1:N-苯基-3-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷(道康寧東麗股份有限公司(Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.)製造,CF4083)
(離子捕捉劑)
·離子捕捉劑1:鎂、鋁、氫氧化物、碳酸鹽、水合物(協和化學工業股份有限公司(Kyowa Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.)製造,產品編號:DHT-4H)
(脫模劑)
·脫模劑1:氧化聚乙烯蠟(商克萊瑞特(日本)股份有限公司(Clariant(Japan)K.K.)製造,產品編號:LICOWAX PED191)
·脫模劑2:棕櫚蠟(東亞化成股份有限公司(TOAKASEI.CO.,LTD.)製造,產品編號:TOWAX-132)
(著色劑)
·著色劑1:碳黑(三菱化學股份有限公司製造,Carbon♯5)
(低應力劑)
·低應力劑1:羧基末端丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物(宇部興產股份有限公司(UBE INDUSTRIES,LTD.)製造,產品編號:CTBN1008SP)
·低應力劑2:二甲基矽氧烷-烷基羧酸-4,4'-(1-甲基亞乙基)雙酚二環氧丙基醚共聚物(日本專利5157473號公報0068段記載的熔融反應物A)
·低應力劑3:聚矽氧樹脂(信越化學工業股份有限公司(Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)製造,KR-480)
(阻燃劑)
·阻燃劑1:氫氧化鋁(住友化學股份有限公司製造,商品名CL303)
[表1]
(質量份) | 實施例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | 實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 | 實施例8 | 實施例9 | 比較例1 | |
環氧樹脂 | 環氧樹脂1 | 3.73 | 4.05 | 4.35 | 4.66 | 3.42 | 3.12 | 2.81 | 16.64 | 2.04 | - |
環氧樹脂2 | 3.87 | ||||||||||
環氧樹脂3 | 3.73 | 4.04 | 4.34 | 4.66 | 3.43 | 3.11 | 2.81 | 3.87 | |||
環氧樹脂4 | 1.02 | ||||||||||
環氧樹脂5 | 2.04 | ||||||||||
硬化劑 | 硬化劑1 | 2.12 | 2.29 | 2.47 | 2.64 | 1.94 | 1.77 | 1.59 | 1.10 | 1.98 | |
硬化劑2 | 2.12 | 2.29 | 2.47 | 2.64 | 1.94 | 1.77 | 1.59 | 1.98 | |||
硬化劑3 | 10.80 | ||||||||||
硬化劑4 | 2.54 | ||||||||||
硬化劑5 | 0.84 | ||||||||||
無機填充材料 | 無機填充材料1 | 43.85 | 42.85 | 41.85 | 40.85 | 44.85 | 45.85 | 46.85 | 43.85 | ||
無機填充材料2 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | 30.00 | |||
無機填充材料3 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 15.00 | 5.00 | ||
無機填充材料4 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | |||
無機填充材料5 | 29.90 | ||||||||||
無機填充材料6 | 15.00 | ||||||||||
無機填充材料7 | 15.00 | ||||||||||
無機填充材料8 | 51.85 | ||||||||||
無機填充材料9 | 20.00 | ||||||||||
硬化促進劑 | 硬化促進劑1 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.15 |
硬化促進劑2 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.51 | 0.25 | ||
偶合劑 | 偶合劑1 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.20 |
離子捕捉劑 | 離子捕捉劑1 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
脫模劑 | 脫模劑1 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.15 |
脫模劑2 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | |||
著色劑 | 著色劑1 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
低應力劑 | 低應力劑1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.40 | 0.05 |
低應力劑2 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.10 | |
低應力劑3 | 3.00 | ||||||||||
阻燃劑 | 阻燃劑1 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 10.00 | 3.00 | |
總計 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
[評價項目]
(流動性(螺旋流))
使用低壓轉注成型機(上瀧精機公司製造的KTS-15),在模具溫度175℃、注入壓力6.9MPa、保壓時間120秒鐘的條件下,向依照ANSI/ASTM D 3123-72之螺旋流測量用模具注入在上述中獲得之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,並測量了流動長度。螺旋流為流動性的參數,數值越大,流動性越良好。單位為cm。
(凝膠時間)
在設為175℃之加熱板上放置由各實施例、比較例的密封用環氧樹脂組成物構成之試樣,試樣熔融後,一邊利用刮勺混煉一邊測量硬化為止的時間。該時間越短,表示硬化速度越快。
將結果示於表2。
(成形收縮率)
對於實施例及比較例各自的密封用環氧樹脂組成物,在假設進行樹脂密封(ASM:as Mold)之後,使其正式硬化而製作樹脂密封基板的加熱條件(PMC:Post Mold Cure)下評價了收縮率。首先,測量4處圓盤狀的模具的室溫下的尺寸,並計算其平均值。接著,將密封用環氧樹脂組成物投入到模具獲得圓盤狀的硬化物,在與利用該模具測量之處對應之4處測量對所獲得之硬化物實施熱處理之後的室溫下的直徑,並計算其平均值。接著,將所獲得之平均值套用到下式:〔(室溫下的模具尺寸-熱處理後的硬化物的室溫下的尺寸)/室溫下的模具尺寸〕×100(%),並計算硬化物的收縮率Sn
(%)。
將結果示於表2。假設樹脂密封之溫度條件設為175℃、120秒,假設正式硬化之溫度條件設為175℃、4小時。
(常溫時彈性模數、熱時彈性模數)
硬化物的熱時彈性模數依照JISK-6911並利用以下方法進行了測量。首先,使用低壓轉注成型機(上瀧精機公司製造的「KTS-15」)在模具溫度175℃、注入壓力6.9MPa、硬化時間120秒鐘的條件下對密封用樹脂組成物進行注入成形,從而獲得了10mm×4mm×4mm的試驗片。接著,藉由使用DMA測量裝置(精工電子有限公司製造)之三點彎曲法,在測量溫度範圍0℃~300℃、5℃/分鐘的條件下對該試驗片進行升溫測量,測量了在25℃的硬化物的常溫時彈性模數及在260℃的硬化物的熱時彈性模數。另外,單位為MPa。
(熔融黏度(矩形壓力))
使用低壓轉注成型機(NEC Corporation製造的40t手動壓製機),在模具溫度170℃、注入流量177mm3
/秒鐘的條件下,向寬度15mm、厚度1mm、長度175mm的矩形狀的流路中注入在上述中獲得之半導體密封用樹脂組成物,利用埋設於距離流路的上游前端25mm的位置之壓力感測器測量壓力的經時變化,並測量半導體密封用樹脂組成物流動時的最低壓力。矩形壓力為熔融黏度的參數,數值越小,表示熔融黏度越低。
(玻璃轉移溫度、線膨脹係數(α1
、α2
))
對於各實施例及各比較例,如下測量了所獲得之半導體密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度及線膨脹係數。首先,使用轉注成型機在模具溫度175℃、注入壓力9.8MPa、硬化時間3分鐘的條件下對半導體密封用樹脂組成物進行注入成形,從而獲得了15mm×4mm×4mm的試驗片。接著,將所獲得之試驗片在175℃進行4小時後硬化之後,使用熱機械分析裝置(精工電子工業有限公司製造,TMA100)在測量溫度範圍0℃~320℃、升溫速度5℃/分鐘的條件下進行了測量。根據該測量結果,計算了玻璃轉移溫度Tg(℃)、玻璃轉移溫度以下時的線膨脹係數(α1
)、玻璃轉移溫度以上時的線膨脹係數(α2
)。α1
為在40℃~80℃的線膨脹係數,α2
為在190℃~230℃的線膨脹係數。將結果示於表2。表2中,α1
和α2
的單位為ppm/℃,玻璃轉移溫度的單位為℃。
(封裝體翹曲)
使用低壓轉注成型機,在模具溫度175℃、注入壓力6.9MPa、硬化時間2分鐘的條件下使用實施例、比較例的密封用樹脂組成物進行密封成形,並製作了半導體封裝。該半導體裝置為球柵陣列(BGA)封裝(樹脂密封部分尺寸:35mm×35mm×厚度1.2mm),晶片尺寸為7mm×7mm。又,導線為金線,導線徑為20μm,平均導線長度為5mm。將所獲得之半導體裝置各4個封裝體在175℃進行4小時後硬化,冷卻至室溫後,從封裝體的柵極向對角線方向,使用表面粗糙度計測量高度方向的變異,將變異差最大的值設為翹曲量,將4個封裝體的翹曲量的平均值未達150μm判定為○,將為150μm以上判定為×。
又,對於使用實施例的密封用樹脂組成物之半導體封裝,進一步在260℃、10分鐘的條件下實施迴焊處理,其結果確認到迴焊處理後的4個封裝體的翹曲量的平均值未達150μm。
(導線偏移)
利用軟X射線透射裝置對在封裝體翹曲量的評價中成形之BGA封裝進行觀察。作為導線偏移量的計算方法,將在1個封裝體中偏移最多之(變形之)導線偏移量設為(F),將該導線的長度設為(L),計算偏移量=F/L×100(%),將4個封裝體的平均值未達5%判定為○,將為5%以上判定為×。
[表2]
實施例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | 實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 | 實施例8 | 實施例9 | 比較例1 | ||
常溫時彈性模數E1 | MPa | 23000 | 22200 | 20800 | 20100 | 23700 | 25100 | 25800 | 11400 | 22700 | 22000 |
熱時彈性模數E2 | MPa | 1200 | 1100 | 1000 | 910 | 1290 | 1410 | 1520 | 70 | 950 | 1300 |
熔融黏度 | MPa | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.54 | 0.19 |
線膨脹係數α1 | ppm/℃ | 11.0 | 11.6 | 12.0 | 12.4 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 23 | 6.2 | 11.5 |
線膨脹係數α2 | ppm/℃ | 34.4 | 36.2 | 38.3 | 40.1 | 32.5 | 30.5 | 28.7 | 84 | 28 | 35.0 |
玻璃轉移溫度Tg | ℃ | 143 | 144 | 143 | 142 | 145 | 140 | 143 | 149 | 175 | 125 |
E2 ×(α2 ×10-6 )×(175-Tg)×η2 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.43 | |
流動性(SF) | cm | 126 | 135 | 148 | 153 | 120 | 109 | 94 | 88 | 100 | 127 |
凝膠時間 | sec | 33 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 55 | 40 | 33 |
成形收縮率(ASM) | % | 0.147 | 0.159 | 0.164 | 0.175 | 0.138 | 0.12 | 0.119 | 0.54 | 0.06 | 0.184 |
成形收縮率(PMC) | % | 0.137 | 0.147 | 0.16 | 0.165 | 0.129 | 0.116 | 0.103 | 0.56 | -0.09 | 0.162 |
導線偏移 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | × | |
迴焊翹曲 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | × |
本申請主張基於2018年12月27日申請之日本專利申請特願2018-244444號的優先權,其揭示之全部內容引入於此。
20:半導體元件
30:基板
32:晶片墊
34:外引線
40:導線
50:密封材料
60:焊球
100:半導體裝置
上述目的及其他目的、特徵及優點藉由以下敘述之較佳實施形態及該實施形態中附帶之以下圖式變得更加明確。
[圖1]係表示實施形態中之半導體裝置的構成之剖面圖。
[圖2]係表示實施形態中之半導體裝置的構成之剖面圖。
20:半導體元件
30:基板
40:導線
50:密封材料
60:焊球
100:半導體裝置
Claims (11)
- 一種密封用樹脂組成物,其含有: (A)環氧樹脂; (B)硬化劑;及 (C)填充材料, 環氧樹脂(A)含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1), 在將該密封用樹脂組成物的硬化物的玻璃轉移溫度設為Tg(℃)、 將在190℃~230℃的線膨脹係數設為α2 (ppm/℃)、 將在260℃的熱時彈性模數設為E2 (MPa)、 將藉由以下方法測量之該密封用樹脂組成物在175℃的矩形壓力設為η2 (MPa)時, 滿足下述式(1), 式(1) E2 ×(α2 ×10-6 )×(175-Tg)×η2 ≤0.3 (方法) 使用低壓轉注成型機,在模具溫度170℃、注入流量177mm3 /秒鐘的條件下,向寬度15mm、厚度1mm、長度175mm的矩形狀的流路中注入該密封用樹脂組成物,利用埋設於距離流路的上游前端25mm的位置之壓力感測器測量壓力的經時變化,並測量該密封用樹脂組成物流動時的最低壓力(MPa),並將其作為矩形壓力。
- 如請求項1之密封用樹脂組成物,其中,環氧樹脂(A)含有除了具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1)以外的環氧樹脂(A-2)。
- 如請求項1之密封用樹脂組成物,其中,相對於環氧樹脂(A)100質量份,以1質量份以上且70質量份以下的量含有具有萘基醚骨架之環氧樹脂(A-1)。
- 如請求項1之密封用樹脂組成物,其中,相對於該密封用樹脂組成物100質量份,以65質量份以上且98質量份以下的量含有填充材料(C)。
- 如請求項1之密封用樹脂組成物,其中,硬化劑(B)含有選自酚系硬化劑、胺系硬化劑、酸酐系硬化劑及硫醇系硬化劑中之至少一種。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項之密封用樹脂組成物,其中,相對於環氧樹脂(A)100質量份,以30~70質量份的量含有硬化劑(B)。
- 一種半導體裝置,其具備: 密封樹脂,藉由硬化請求項1至7中任一項之密封用樹脂組成物而形成。
- 一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其包括: 在基板上裝載半導體元件之步驟;及 使用請求項1至7中任一項之密封用樹脂組成物對該半導體元件進行密封之密封步驟。
- 如請求項9之半導體裝置之製造方法,其在該密封步驟之後具有迴焊步驟。
- 如請求項10之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中,該迴焊步驟中之迴焊溫度為200℃以上。
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