TW201908358A - 可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途及包含其之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物 - Google Patents

可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途及包含其之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物

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TW201908358A
TW201908358A TW106123388A TW106123388A TW201908358A TW 201908358 A TW201908358 A TW 201908358A TW 106123388 A TW106123388 A TW 106123388A TW 106123388 A TW106123388 A TW 106123388A TW 201908358 A TW201908358 A TW 201908358A
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polyol
ultraviolet absorber
diol
use according
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TW106123388A
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TWI667266B (zh
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張光欽
林瑞基
魏久泰
蔡諭明
柯子衡
周德綱
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臺灣永光化學工業股份有限公司
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Priority to TW106123388A priority Critical patent/TWI667266B/zh
Priority to US16/004,572 priority patent/US20190016850A1/en
Priority to CN201810602400.8A priority patent/CN109251299A/zh
Priority to EP18177543.8A priority patent/EP3428211A1/en
Priority to JP2018121954A priority patent/JP2019019313A/ja
Publication of TW201908358A publication Critical patent/TW201908358A/zh
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Publication of TWI667266B publication Critical patent/TWI667266B/zh

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Abstract

本揭露提供一種可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途，其可用於聚氨酯樹脂的製備上，其中可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑係由：具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、及一具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯(Polyisocyanate)反應而得。除此之外，本揭露更提供一種包含前述聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物。

Description

可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途及包含其之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物
本揭露關於一種可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途及包含其之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物，其中可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑除了可解決聚氨酯樹脂黃變的問題外，更具有低滲移性。
聚氨酯樹脂本身雖具有優良物性，但容易受光、熱影響使其黃變，進而造成劣化。例如，聚氨酯樹脂中的芳香族異氰酸鹽 (如TDI、MDI等)，長期受到紫外光的影響之下會引發光降解而造成斷鍵，隨之又產生了帶有發射基團的有色物質而導致顏色變黃。
目前欲解決聚氨酯樹脂容易黃變問題，所添加的紫外線吸收劑屬於小分子，小分子型的紫外線吸收劑容易因長時間接觸到高溫或接觸到有機溶劑(油相)物時，導致會有滲移 (migration) 的問題，造成小分子型的紫外線吸收劑被溶出而損失。
有鑑於此，目前亟需發展一種紫外線吸收劑，其除了可解決聚氨酯樹脂容易黃變問題外，更具有低滲移率，而不會因溶出而損失，以延長聚氨酯樹脂耐黃變的時間。
本揭露之主要目的在於提供一種可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途及包含其之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物，其可用於聚氨酯樹脂的製備上，以解決聚氨酯樹脂容易黃變的問題。
本揭露提供一種可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途，其可用於聚氨酯樹脂的製備上，其中可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑係由：具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、及一具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯(Polyisocyanate)反應而得。
於本揭露的一實施態樣中，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑更可由：該具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、該具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯、及一雙醇或多元醇(Polyol)反應而得。
因此，本揭露的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑可如下式(I)所示：(I) 其中，A係衍伸自一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑； B係衍伸自一具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯； C係衍伸自一雙醇或多元醇；以及 n為0-3。
當式(I)中的n為0時，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑則由：具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、及一具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯反應而得；其中，可反應活性氫與多異氰酸酯的其中一個-NCO官能基反應。當式(I)中的n為1時，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑可由：該具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、該具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯、及一雙醇或多元醇反應而得；其中，可反應活性氫與多異氰酸酯的其中一個-NCO官能基反應，而雙醇或多元醇的-OH官能基與另一個-NCO官能基反應。當式(I)中的n為2或3時，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑可由：複數具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、複數具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯、及複數雙醇或多元醇反應而得；其中，可反應活性氫與多異氰酸酯的其中一個-NCO官能基反應，而雙醇或多元醇的-OH官能基與另一個-NCO官能基反應。
相較於目前解決聚氨酯樹脂黃變問題的小分子紫外線吸收劑，本揭露之可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑的分子量明顯大於習知所使用的小分子紫外線吸收劑。由於本揭露所使用的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑具有較大分子量且具有能與聚氨酯樹脂單體、寡聚物或聚合物反應的-NCO官能基，故於聚氨酯樹脂的反應過程中，能當作添加劑一同參與反應。因此，本揭露的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑除了可解決聚氨酯樹脂黃變的情形外，更能解決小分子紫外線吸收劑容易因長時間接觸到高溫或接觸到有機溶劑(油相)物時所產生的滲移(migration)問題。
於本揭露中，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之重量平均分子量可小於5,000；且較佳的係介於1,100至2,500的範圍。
於本揭露中，紫外線吸收劑並無特別限制，僅需具有一可反應之活性氫，該可反應之活性氫可選自由：-OH、-NH2 、及-NH-所組成之群組。更具體地，該紫外線吸收劑可選自由：苯並三唑類(Benzotriazole) 紫外線吸收劑、二苯酮類(Benzophenone) 紫外線吸收劑、三嗪類(Triazine) 紫外線吸收劑、草醯苯胺類(Oxanilide)紫外線吸收劑、及氰基丙烯酸酯類(Cyanoacrylate)紫外線吸收劑所組成之群組。於本揭露的一實施態樣中，紫外線吸收劑可為苯並三唑類紫外線吸收劑。
於本揭露中，多異氰酸酯可具有三個-NCO官能基。據此，紫外線吸收劑與多異氰酸酯進行反應後，紫外線吸收劑的可反應之活性氫可連接至多異氰酸酯的其中一個-NCO官能基。由於多異氰酸酯尚剩餘兩個-NCO官能基，故在聚氨酯樹脂的合成過程中，可參與反應並可避免聚合中斷的情形產生，而無法得到具有預期分子量的聚氨酯樹脂。在此，該多異氰酸酯可選自由：2,2,4-三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate；HDI TRIMER)、六亞甲基二異氰酸酯縮二脲(Hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret；HDB)及其混合物所組成之群組。於本揭露的一實施例中，多異氰酸酯為2,2,4-三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯。
於本揭露中，雙醇或多元醇可包含兩個以上的-OH官能基，據此，雙醇或多元醇與多異氰酸酯進行反應後，雙醇或多元醇的-OH官能基可連接至多異氰酸酯的-NCO官能基。在此，雙醇或多元醇可選自由：陰離子型雙醇或多元醇、陽離子型雙醇或多元醇、非離子型雙醇或多元醇及其混合物所組成之群組。更具體地，陰離子型雙醇或多元醇可選自由：2,2-雙(羥甲基)丁酸(2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid；DMBA)、2,2-雙(羥甲基)丙酸(2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid；DMPA)、1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸鈉(1,4-butanediol-2-Sodium )及其混合物所組成之群組。陽離子型雙醇或多元醇可選自由：N-甲基二乙醇胺(N-methyldiethanolamine；MDEA)、三乙醇胺(Triethanolamine)及其混合物所組成之群組。非離子型雙醇係選自由：乙二醇(EG)、丙二醇(PG)、丁二醇(BD)、己二醇(HD)、一縮乙二醇(DEG)、二丙二醇(DPG)及新戊二醇(NPG)所組成的群組。非離子型多元醇為非離子型聚醚多元醇或非離子型聚酯多元醇，其中該非離子型聚醚多元醇係選自由：聚四氫氟喃醚二元醇(PTMEG)、聚環氧乙烷二醇(PEG)、聚環氧丙烷二元醇(PPG) 及其共聚物所組成的群組，該非離子型聚酯多元醇係由雙酸與雙醇酯化聚合之多元醇，該雙酸係選自由：己二酸(AA)、癸二酸(SA)、對苯二甲酸(TPA)、間苯二甲酸(IPA)、鄰苯二甲酸酐(PA)以及其混合物所組成的群組，該雙醇係選自由：乙二醇(EG)、丙二醇(PG)、丁二醇(BD)、己二醇(HD)、新戊二醇(NPG)、一縮乙二醇(DEG)、二丙二醇(DPG)及其混合物所組成的群組。於本揭露的一實施例中，雙醇或多元醇為聚環氧乙烷二醇。
除此之外，本揭露更提供一種用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物，包括：一包含兩個以上-NCO官能基的單體、寡聚物或聚合物；以及前述的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑。在此，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑的含量並無特殊限制，只要能夠達到解決聚氨酯樹脂容易黃變的問題的目的即可。於本揭露的一實施態樣中，可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑的含量可佔組成物總重量之1 wt%至30 wt%、或2 wt%至20 wt%。
於本揭露中，聚氨酯樹脂的種類並無特殊限制，例如，可為一反應型聚氨酯或一熱塑型聚氨酯。
以下係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本揭露之實施方式，熟習此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地了解本揭露之其他優點與功效。本揭露亦可藉由其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用，本說明書中的各項細節亦可針對不同觀點與應用，在不悖離本創作之精神下進行各種修飾與變更。
除非文中另有說明，否則說明書及所附申請專利範圍中所使用之單數形式「一」及「該」包括一或複數個體。
除非文中另有說明，否則說明書及所附申請專利範圍中所使用之術語「或」通常包括「及/或」之含義。
本文所使用之術語「重量平均分子量」，係利用凝膠滲透層析(GPC)溶劑：四氫呋喃(THF)，所測定之換算成聚苯乙烯之重量平均分子量(Mw)的值。
詳細的製備方法於後文之實施例中描述，也可使用與實施例類似之方法製備可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑。本揭露之可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑的製備方法(例如：合成方法、反應條件、順序等)及使用材料，並不限於本文中所提及者。
本揭露將藉由實施例更具體地說明，但該等實施例並非用於限制本揭露之範疇。除非特別指明，於下列實施例與比較例中用於表示成份含量以及物質量的「%」係以重量為基準。
化合物1的製備
化合物1
取620 gα-[3-[3-(2H-苯並三唑-2-基)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羥苯基]-1-酮基丙基]-ω-羥基聚(酮基-1,2-乙烷二基) (α-[3-[3-(2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-1-oxopropyl]-ω-hydroxypoly(oxo-1,2-ethanediyl)，台灣永光化學工業股份有限公司，Eversorb 80 (EV80))置於反應瓶中，進行真空除水。於降溫至60°C後，將504.6 g THDI (HDI trimer, CORONA HX；TOSOH)加入反應瓶中，於氮氣環境下升溫至70 ~ 75°C進行反應。當滴定NCO反應官能基莫耳數達反應終點後 (free NCO% = 6.53 ± 0.65 %) 即完成反應，而得到化合物1。
化合物2的製備
化合物2
取620 g EV80 及150 g PEG-300分別置於兩個反應瓶中，進行真空除水。降溫至60°C後，將504.6 g THDI (CORONA HX；TOSOH) 加入反應瓶中，於氮氣環境下升溫至70 ~ 75°C進行反應。滴定NCO反應官能基莫耳數，當free NCO%達 ~ 6.53 %，加入PEG300繼續反應；當滴定NCO反應官能基莫耳數達反應終點後 (free NCO% = 3.76 ± 0.37 %) 即完成反應，得到化合物2。
反應型聚氨酯 (polyurethane reactive；PUR)的製備
將700 g聚醇 (200 g DAHINOL P-213 (ZAND SHIN POLYMER Co.)及500 g AR-U2010B1(YONG SHUN CHEMICAL Co.))混合置入反應瓶中，攪拌均勻後進行真空除水。而後，加入300 g異氰酸酯 (50 g Desmodur® 44M (covestro)及250 g TAKENATETM D-110N(Mitsui Chemicals))，於氮氣環境下升溫至60 ~ 85°C進行反應。當滴定NCO反應官能基莫耳數達反應終點後 (free NCO% = 3.6 ± 0.4 %) 即完成反應。最後，加入化合物1攪拌均勻即得成品。
在此，將所製得的反應型聚氨酯進行UV光照射及色差分析，以評估其耐黃變的功效。其中，UV光照射條件為，UVA-340 nm、60°C、照度0.89 W/m2 /nm、時間20小時。此外，將所製得的反應型聚氨酯進行滲移驗證分析；其係將所製得的反應型聚氨酯泡於甲苯(toluene)中，超音波震盪1小時；而後，再以前述相同的方法，進行UV光照射及色差分析，以評估其耐黃變的功效。
滲移驗證分析及耐黃變的功效評估結果如下表1及圖1所示。於圖1中，係顯示比較例1-1、比較例1-2及實施例1-1(添加化合物1)的評估結果。
表1
熱塑型聚氨酯 (thermoplastic polyurethane；TPU)的製備
將2000 g聚醇 (TERATHANE® 2000 (INVISTA))與4.5 g增鏈劑 (1,4-Butanediol)混合置入反應瓶中，取125 g異氰酸酯 (Desmodur® 44M (covestro))並置入另一個反應瓶，將兩者進行真空除水。除完水灌氮氣進入，並準備冰塊水浴，移到攪拌裝置旁準備進行反應。先倒入聚醇與增鏈劑，接著在冰浴下分三段加入Desmodur® 44M，且化合物2伴隨Desmodur® 44加入的第一與第二段時一起加入。將樣品倒入容器中進行後烤：在60°C烘箱內隔夜，可獲得TPU料塊。
而後，將上述的TPU料塊進行粉碎；並進行熔融射出成型，可獲得TPU試片。
在此，以前述相同方法進行UV光照射及色差分析與滲移驗證分析。滲移驗證分析及耐黃變的功效評估結果如下表2、圖2及圖3所示。於圖2中，係顯示比較例2-2及實施例2-2(添加化合物2)的評估結果。
表2
於表1及表2中，比較例1-2及比較例2-2所使用的Tinuvin 384結構式如下所示。Tinuvin 384
如表1、表2、圖1至圖3的結果所示，由UV光照射及色差分析測試結果得知，添加5 wt %的化合物1或2 (可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑)、或5 wt % 小分子UVA (Tinuvin 384) 於PUR或TPU中，皆可有效提升耐黃變級數至3.5級以上。經由溶劑浸泡及超音波震盪的滲移測試後，添加5 wt %的化合物1或2 (可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑)的PUR及TPU，耐黃變級數仍可維持在3級以上，但添加5 wt % 小分子UVA的PUR及TPU，耐黃變級數則下降至2級以下。由上述結果證實，添加本揭露的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑於PUR或TPU中，可明顯提升PUR或TPU的耐黃變性；且本揭露的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑兼具低滲移性(low migration)。
本揭露的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑除了可應用於前述PUR及TPU外，亦可應用於其他種類的PU上，例如：PU發泡體。此外，本揭露的可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之應用領域並無特殊限制，可用於如塗佈、接著、密封、彈性體等四大領域的樹酯、或其他需要PU的領域上。
上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已，本揭露所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限於上述實施例。
無。
圖1為於反應型聚氨酯中添加不同的紫外線吸收劑的UVA有效量及耐黃變級數關係圖。 圖2為於熱塑型聚氨酯中添加不同的紫外線吸收劑的UVA有效量及耐黃變級數關係圖。 圖3為於熱塑型聚氨酯中添加不同劑量的紫外線吸收劑的UVA有效量及耐黃變級數關係圖。

Claims (13)

  1. 一種可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途，其係用於聚氨酯樹脂的製備上，其中該可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑係由：具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、及一具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯(Polyisocyanate)反應而得。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途，其中該可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之重量平均分子量小於5,000。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途，其中該可反應活性氫係選自由：-OH、-NH2 、及-NH-所組成之群組。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途，其中該紫外線吸收劑係選自由：苯並三唑類(Benzotriazole) 紫外線吸收劑、二苯酮類(Benzophenone) 紫外線吸收劑、三嗪類(Triazine) 紫外線吸收劑、草醯苯胺類(Oxanilide)紫外線吸收劑及氰基丙烯酸酯類(Cyanoacrylate)紫外線吸收劑所組成之群組。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途，其中該多異氰酸酯係選自由：2,2,4-三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate；HDI TRIMER)、六亞甲基二異氰酸酯縮二脲(Hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret；HDB)及其混合物所組成之群組。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途，其中該可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑係由：該具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、該具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯(Polyisocyanate)、及一雙醇或多元醇(Polyol)反應而得。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之用途，其中該雙醇或多元醇係選自由：陰離子型雙醇或多元醇、陽離子型雙醇或多元醇、非離子型雙醇或多元醇及其混合物所組成之群組。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之用途，其中該陰離子型雙醇或多元醇係選自由：2,2-雙(羥甲基)丁酸(2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid；DMBA)、2,2-雙(羥甲基)丙酸(2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid；DMPA)、1,4-丁二醇-2-磺酸鈉(1,4-butanediol-2-Sodium )及其混合物所組成之群組。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之用途，其中該陽離子型雙醇或多元醇係選自由：N-甲基二乙醇胺(N-methyldiethanolamine；MDEA)、三乙醇胺(Triethanolamine)及其混合物所組成之群組。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之用途，其中該非離子型雙醇係選自由：乙二醇(EG)、丙二醇(PG)、丁二醇(BD)、己二醇(HD)、一縮乙二醇(DEG)、二丙二醇(DPG)及新戊二醇(NPG)所組成的群組，該非離子型多元醇為非離子型聚醚多元醇或非離子型聚酯多元醇，其中該非離子型聚醚多元醇係選自由：聚四氫氟喃醚二元醇(PTMEG)、聚環氧乙烷二醇(PEG)、聚環氧丙烷二元醇(PPG) 及其共聚物所組成的群組，該非離子型聚酯多元醇係由雙酸與雙醇酯化聚合之多元醇，該雙酸係選自由：己二酸(AA)、癸二酸(SA)、對苯二甲酸(TPA)、間苯二甲酸(IPA)、鄰苯二甲酸酐(PA)以及其混合物所組成的群組，該雙醇係選自由：乙二醇(EG)、丙二醇(PG)、丁二醇(BD)、己二醇(HD)、新戊二醇(NPG)、一縮乙二醇(DEG)、二丙二醇(DPG)及其混合物所組成的群組。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用途，其中該聚氨酯樹脂為一反應型聚氨酯或一熱塑型聚氨酯。
  12. 一種用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物，包括： 一包含兩個以上-NCO官能基的單體、寡聚物或聚合物；以及 一可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑，其係由：具有一可反應活性氫之紫外線吸收劑、及一具有三個-NCO官能基的多異氰酸酯(Polyisocyanate)反應而得。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之組成物，其中該可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑的含量係佔組成物總重量之1 wt%至30 wt%。
TW106123388A 2017-07-12 2017-07-12 可聚合型高分子紫外線吸收劑之用途及包含其之用以形成聚氨酯樹脂的組成物 TWI667266B (zh)

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US16/004,572 US20190016850A1 (en) 2017-07-12 2018-06-11 Use of polymerizable ultraviolet absorber in polyurethane and composition for preparing polyurethane comprising the same
CN201810602400.8A CN109251299A (zh) 2017-07-12 2018-06-12 可聚合型高分子紫外线吸收剂的用途及包含其的用以形成聚氨酯树脂的组成物
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