TW201901060A - V型稜紋皮帶及其製造方法 - Google Patents
V型稜紋皮帶及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201901060A TW201901060A TW107117774A TW107117774A TW201901060A TW 201901060 A TW201901060 A TW 201901060A TW 107117774 A TW107117774 A TW 107117774A TW 107117774 A TW107117774 A TW 107117774A TW 201901060 A TW201901060 A TW 201901060A
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- knitted fabric
- yarn
- weft
- knitted
- ribbed belt
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Abstract
本發明係關於一種V型稜紋皮帶,其特徵在於:其係摩擦傳動面由緯編多層針織布構成者,且上述緯編多層針織布包含纖維素系天然紡紗、聚酯系複合紗、及聚醯胺系紗,且至少將上述纖維素系天然紡紗及上述聚醯胺系紗配置於上述摩擦傳動面側之層。
Description
本發明係關於一種摩擦傳動面由針織布被覆而得之V型稜紋皮帶及其製造方法。
傳遞動力之皮帶例如廣泛用於汽車之空氣壓縮機或交流發電機等輔機驅動之動力傳遞。並且,近年來,對靜肅化有嚴格之要求,尤其是於汽車之驅動裝置中,發動機聲以外之聲音被認為是異響聲,因此要求皮帶之響聲對策。
作為該皮帶之響聲之原因,有於皮帶速度之大幅變動或高負載條件下,皮帶在與皮帶輪之間發生打滑時之打滑聲。尤其是在雨天行駛時等,於發動機室內進入水,若水附著於皮帶與皮帶輪之間,則亦有皮帶之摩擦係數降低,導致打滑聲多發之情況。
針對此種問題,已知有以由纖維形成之針織布被覆皮帶之摩擦傳動面之對策。例如,專利文獻1中,為了減小皮帶之乾燥狀態與濕潤狀態之摩擦係數之差,由經蓬鬆加工之聚酯系複合紗及纖維素系天然紡紗針織成針織布,吸水性優異之纖維素系天然紡紗將水快速地吸收,藉此抑制濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之降低,提高耐注水響聲性。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2014-209028號公報
[發明所欲解決之問題]
然而,由於纖維素系天然紡紗之耐磨耗性較低,故而纖維素系天然紡紗隨著使用會產生磨耗,吸水性降低,濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數降低,因此有可能無法充分長時間地保持耐注水響聲性。
因此,本發明之課題係以長期保持耐注水響聲性為目的,提供一種以耐磨耗性優異之針織布被覆摩擦傳動面而得之V型稜紋皮帶及其製造方法。 [解決問題之技術手段]
用以解決上述課題之本發明係一種V型稜紋皮帶,其特徵在於:其係摩擦傳動面由緯編多層針織布構成者,且 上述緯編多層針織布包含纖維素系天然紡紗、聚酯系複合紗、及聚醯胺系紗,且至少將上述纖維素系天然紡紗及上述聚醯胺系紗配置於上述摩擦傳動面側之層。
藉由上述被覆摩擦傳動面之緯編多層針織布包含纖維素系天然紡紗,可提高V型稜紋皮帶之吸水性,提高耐注水響聲性。又,藉由緯編多層針織布包含聚酯系複合紗,可提高緯編多層針織布之伸縮性,提高利用模具於皮帶形成V形狀之肋部時緯編多層針織布對V形狀之肋部之適應性。又,藉由緯編多層針織布包含聚醯胺系紗,可提高耐磨耗性,抑制纖維素系天然紡紗產生磨耗,從而可長期保持耐注水響聲性。 又,藉由將被覆摩擦傳動面之針織布設為緯編而提高伸縮性,因此於利用模具於皮帶形成V形狀之肋部之V型稜紋皮帶之製造過程中,可使肋部之形狀不良不易產生。又,藉由將針織布設為多層構造,可抑制作為V型稜紋皮帶之構成要素之橡膠經由針織布向摩擦傳動面側滲出,可減小摩擦傳動面於乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。 又,藉由將吸水性較高之纖維素系天然紡紗配置於V型稜紋皮帶之摩擦傳動面側之層,可將浸入皮帶輪與V型稜紋皮帶之間之水快速地吸收而使摩擦係數穩定化(抑制濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之降低),因此可提高耐注水響聲性。進而,藉由將耐磨耗性較高之聚醯胺系紗配置於摩擦傳動面側之層,可抑制纖維素系天然紡紗產生磨耗,從而可長期保持耐注水響聲性。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶之上述緯編多層針織布中,上述聚醯胺系紗之含量可為5~60質量%。
藉由設為上述構成,可不損及V型稜紋皮帶之耐注水響聲性,而提高耐磨耗性。若聚醯胺系紗之含量少於5質量%,則有耐磨耗性降低之情況。若聚醯胺系紗之含量多於60質量%,則有吸水性降低而耐注水響聲性降低之情況。再者,於緯編多層針織布中,聚醯胺系紗之含量較佳為15~60質量%,更佳為20~55質量%,進而較佳為20~40質量%。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶之上述緯編多層針織布中,上述纖維素系天然紡紗之含量可為5~60質量%。
藉由設為上述構成,可不損及V型稜紋皮帶之耐注水響聲性,而提高耐磨耗性。若纖維素系天然紡紗之含量少於5質量%,則有吸水性降低而耐注水響聲性降低之情況。若纖維素系天然紡紗之含量多於60質量%,則有耐磨耗性降低之情況。再者,於緯編多層針織布中,纖維素系天然紡紗之含量較佳為5~55質量%,更佳為5~40質量%,進而較佳為20~40質量%。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶之上述緯編多層針織布中,上述聚醯胺系紗與纖維素系天然紡紗之質量比可為(聚醯胺系紗:纖維素系天然紡紗)=5:95~95:5。
藉由設為上述構成,可不損及V型稜紋皮帶之耐注水響聲性,而提高耐磨耗性。若聚醯胺系紗之含有比率較少,則耐磨耗性降低,若聚醯胺系紗之含有比率較多,則吸水性降低,故而耐注水響聲性降低。再者,於緯編多層針織布中,聚醯胺系紗與纖維素系天然紡紗之質量比較佳為10:90~90:10,更佳為20:80~80:20,進而較佳為30:70~70:30。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶中,上述緯編多層針織布中所含有之上述聚酯系複合紗可為包含熱收縮率不同之2種以上之聚合物之蓬鬆加工紗。
根據上述構成,藉由2種以上之聚合物之熱收縮率之差異而表現出捲縮性,可使緯編多層針織布具有伸縮性或蓬鬆性。藉此,於利用模具於皮帶形成V形狀之肋部之V型稜紋皮帶之製造過程中,可提高緯編多層針織布對V形狀之肋部之適應性。進而,可抑制作為V型稜紋皮帶之構成要素之橡膠經由針織布向摩擦傳動面側滲出,可減小摩擦傳動面於乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶中,上述緯編多層針織布中所含有之上述聚酯系複合紗可為含有聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)之共軛(conjugate)紗。
藉由緯編多層針織布中所含有之聚酯系複合紗使用含有聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)之複合紗,可提高緯編多層針織布之伸縮性、蓬鬆性、耐磨耗性。又,由於含有聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯之複合紗之獲取性優異,故而可降低成本。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶中,上述緯編多層針織布中所含有之上述聚醯胺系紗可含有尼龍或芳綸纖維。
由於含有尼龍或芳綸纖維之緯編多層針織布之耐磨耗性較高,故而抑制纖維素系天然紡紗產生磨耗之效果較高,可長期保持耐注水響聲性。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶中,構成上述緯編多層針織布之紗可分別使長絲或纖維撚合。
藉由將長絲或纖維收束成構成緯編多層針織布之紗,而使耐磨耗性提高。又,藉由將長絲或纖維撚合並收束成構成緯編多層針織布之紗,而容易針織成針織布,亦可抑制長絲或纖維起毛,因此可提高V型稜紋皮帶之外觀品質。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶中,上述緯編多層針織布可不含聚胺基甲酸酯。
由於緯編多層針織布中不含與纖維材料相比吸水性或耐磨耗性較低之聚胺基甲酸酯,故而可使得緯編多層針織布之吸水性或耐磨耗性不會降低。再者,根據上述構成,雖認為因不含針織布時常採用之聚胺基甲酸酯導致伸縮性較差,但由於上述構成中包含伸縮性優異之聚酯系複合紗,故而可確保伸縮性。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶中,被覆上述摩擦傳動面之上述緯編多層針織布之厚度可為0.6 mm以上。
藉由將緯編多層針織布之厚度設為0.6 mm以上,可抑制作為V型稜紋皮帶之構成要素之橡膠經由針織布向摩擦傳動面側滲出,可減小摩擦傳動面於乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。再者,若緯編多層針織布之厚度為0.7 mm以上,則可更確實地抑制作為V型稜紋皮帶之構成要素之橡膠經由針織布向摩擦傳動面側滲出,尤佳為0.8 mm以上。緯編多層針織布之厚度之上限值並無特別限定,例如可為1.5 mm以下。
又,本發明中,於上述V型稜紋皮帶之上述緯編多層針織布之摩擦傳動面側之層中,可將上述纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗以均勻分散之方式進行配置。
由於將纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗以均勻分散之方式進行配置,故而與將數根紗彙集配置之情形相比,於纖維素系天然紡紗之附近存在聚醯胺系紗,因此可更確實地抑制纖維素系天然紡紗之磨耗。又,由於吸水性均勻,故而亦可提高耐注水響聲性。
又,本發明之特徵可在於:上述V型稜紋皮帶包含橡膠作為構成要素, 於該橡膠之摩擦傳動面側被覆有上述緯編多層針織布,且 上述橡膠不會自上述緯編多層針織布向摩擦傳動面滲出。
若橡膠自緯編多層針織布向摩擦傳動面滲出,則吸水性降低,因此濕潤時之摩擦係數大幅降低,耐注水響聲性降低。因此,藉由消除橡膠自緯編多層針織布向摩擦傳動面之滲出,可確保充分之吸水性,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。再者,此處所謂「無橡膠之滲出」,意指橡膠於摩擦傳動面露出之面積比率未達5%之情形。
又,本發明之特徵可在於:其係上述V型稜紋皮帶之製造方法,且 使將上述緯編多層針織布之兩端接合而成之筒狀之該緯編多層針織布被覆於未硫化之壓縮層用片材,或者於未硫化之壓縮層用片材上將上述緯編多層針織布之兩端接合。
於使筒狀之無縫(無接合部)之緯編多層針織布被覆於壓縮層用片材之情形時,必須準備具有與皮帶長度對應之周長之緯編多層針織布,因此為了應對各種皮帶長度而必須持有較多在製品。另一方面,於如上述方法般將緯編多層針織布之兩端接合之方法中,由於可根據皮帶長度而當場調節緯編多層針織布之周長,故而無需持有較多在製品。 [發明之效果]
藉由以耐磨耗性優異之針織布被覆摩擦傳動面,可提供一種可長期保持耐注水響聲性之V型稜紋皮帶及其製造方法。
以下,基於圖式,說明本發明之實施形態之一例。圖1係表示使用本發明之V型稜紋皮帶1之輔機驅動用之皮帶傳動裝置之例。該皮帶傳動裝置係具備驅動輪21及從動輪22各1個,且於該等驅動輪21與從動輪22之間繞設有V型稜紋皮帶1之最簡單之例。環形狀之V型稜紋皮帶1於內周側形成有沿皮帶周長方向延伸之複數個V字狀肋部2,於驅動輪21及從動輪22之外周面,設置有供V型稜紋皮帶1之各肋部2嵌入之複數個V字狀槽23。
(V型稜紋皮帶1之構成) 如圖2所示,V型稜紋皮帶1具備外周側之形成皮帶背面之伸張層3、設置於伸張層3之內周側之壓縮層4、及埋設於伸張層3與壓縮層4之間且沿皮帶周長方向延伸之芯線5,且於壓縮層4形成有沿皮帶周長方向延伸之複數個V字狀肋部2,成為摩擦傳動面之肋部2之表面由針織布6被覆。如下所述,伸張層3與壓縮層4均由橡膠組合物形成。再者,亦可視需要於伸張層3與壓縮層4之間設置接著層。該接著層係以提高芯線5與伸張層3及壓縮層4之接著性為目的而設置,但並非必需。作為接著層之形態,可為於接著層中埋設芯線5整體之形態,亦可為於接著層與伸張層3之間或接著層與壓縮層4之間埋設芯線5之形態。
作為形成壓縮層4之橡膠組合物之橡膠成分,可列舉:可硫化或交聯之橡膠,例如二烯系橡膠(天然橡膠、異戊二烯橡膠、丁二烯橡膠、氯丁二烯橡膠、苯乙烯丁二烯橡膠、丙烯腈丁二烯橡膠、氫化腈橡膠、氫化腈橡膠與不飽和羧酸金屬鹽之混合聚合物等)、乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體、氯碸化聚乙烯橡膠、烷基化氯碸化聚乙烯橡膠、表氯醇橡膠、丙烯酸系橡膠、聚矽氧橡膠、胺基甲酸酯橡膠、氟橡膠等。
該等之中,較佳為由包含硫或有機過氧化物之橡膠組合物形成未硫化橡膠層,並使未硫化橡膠層進行硫化或交聯而成者,尤其是就不含有害之鹵素,具有耐臭氧性、耐熱性、耐寒性且經濟性亦優異之方面而言,較佳為乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體(乙烯-α-烯烴系橡膠)。作為乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體,例如可列舉:乙烯-α-烯烴橡膠(乙烯-丙烯橡膠等)、乙烯-α-烯烴-二烯橡膠(乙烯-丙烯-二烯共聚物等)等。作為α-烯烴,可列舉:丙烯、丁烯、戊烯、甲基戊烯、己烯、辛烯等。該等α-烯烴可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。又,作為成為該等原料之二烯單體,可列舉:非共軛二烯系單體,例如二環戊二烯、亞甲基降烯、亞乙基降烯、1,4-己二烯、環辛二烯等。該等二烯單體可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。
於乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體中,乙烯與α-烯烴之比率(前者/後者之質量比)宜為40/60~90/10,較佳為45/55~85/15,進而較佳為55/45~80/20之範圍。又,二烯之比率可自4~15質量%之範圍選擇,例如可設為4.2~13質量%、較佳為4.4~11.5質量%之範圍。再者,包含二烯成分之乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體之碘值例如可設為3~40、較佳為5~30、進而較佳為10~20之範圍。若碘值過小,則有橡膠組合物之硫化變得不充分而容易產生磨耗或黏著之傾向,若碘值過大,則有橡膠組合物之早期硫化時間短而不易操作,並且耐熱性降低之傾向。作為碘值之測定方法,藉由下述方式求出,即,對測定試樣添加過量之碘而使之完全反應(碘與不飽和鍵之反應),藉由氧化還原適定對殘餘之碘量進行定量。
作為使未硫化橡膠層交聯之有機過氧化物,可列舉:過氧化二醯基、過氧酯、過氧化二烷基(過氧化二異丙苯、過氧化第三丁基異丙苯、1,1-二丁基過氧化-3,3,5-三甲基環己烷、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(第三丁基過氧化)己烷、1,3-雙(第三丁基過氧化異丙基)苯、過氧化二第三丁基等)等。該等有機過氧化物可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。進而,有機過氧化物可為熱分解時之半衰期為1分鐘之溫度範圍為150℃~250℃、較佳為175℃~225℃左右者。
關於未硫化橡膠層之硫化劑或交聯劑(尤其是有機過氧化物)之比率,相對於橡膠成分(乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體等)100質量份,以固形物成分換算,可設為1~10質量份、較佳為1.2~8質量份、進而較佳為1.5~6質量份。
橡膠組合物亦可包含硫化促進劑。作為硫化促進劑,可列舉:秋蘭姆系促進劑、噻唑系促進劑、亞磺醯胺系促進劑、雙馬來醯亞胺系促進劑、脲系促進劑等。該等硫化促進劑可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。關於硫化促進劑(於組合複數種之情形時意指合計量,以下,於組合複數種之情形時亦同樣)之比率,以固形物成分換算,相對於橡膠成分100質量份,可設為0.5~15質量份、較佳為1~10質量份、進而較佳為2~5質量份。
又,為了提高交聯度、防止黏著磨耗等,橡膠組合物亦可進而含有共交聯劑(交聯助劑或共硫化劑)。作為共交聯劑,例如可列舉:多官能(異)氰尿酸酯(異氰尿酸三烯丙酯、氰尿酸三烯丙酯等)、聚二烯(1,2-聚丁二烯等)、不飽和羧酸之金屬鹽((甲基)丙烯酸鋅、(甲基)丙烯酸鎂等)、肟類(醌二肟等)、胍類(二苯基胍等)、多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯(乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯等)、雙馬來醯亞胺類(N,N'-間伸苯基雙馬來醯亞胺等)等慣用之交聯助劑。該等交聯助劑可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。關於交聯助劑之比率,以固形物成分換算,相對於橡膠成分100質量份,可設為0.01~10質量份、較佳為0.05~8質量份。
又,橡膠組合物亦可視需要包含短纖維。作為短纖維,可列舉:纖維素系纖維(棉、嫘縈等)、聚酯系纖維(PET、PEN(Polyethylene Naphthalate,聚萘二甲酸乙二酯)纖維等)、脂肪族聚醯胺纖維(6尼龍纖維、66尼龍纖維、46尼龍纖維等)、芳香族聚醯胺纖維(對位芳綸纖維、間位芳綸纖維等)、維尼綸纖維、聚對伸苯基苯并雙㗁唑(PBO)纖維等。為了提高於橡膠組合物中之分散性或接著性,對於該等短纖維亦可實施慣用之接著處理或表面處理、例如利用RFL液等之處理。關於短纖維之比率,相對於橡膠成分100質量份,可設為1~50質量份、較佳為5~40質量份、進而較佳為10~35質量份。
進而,橡膠組合物亦可視需要包含慣用之添加劑,例如硫化助劑、硫化延遲劑、補強劑(碳黑、含水二氧化矽等氧化矽等)、填充劑(黏土、碳酸鈣、滑石、雲母等)、金屬氧化物(氧化鋅、氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鋇、氧化鐵、氧化銅、氧化鈦、氧化鋁等)、塑化劑(鏈烷系油、環烷系油、加工處理油等油類等)、加工劑或加工助劑(硬脂酸、硬脂酸金屬鹽、蠟、鏈烷、脂肪酸醯胺等)、抗老化劑(抗氧化劑、抗熱老化劑、抗彎曲龜裂劑、抗臭氧劣化劑等)、著色劑、黏著賦予劑、偶合劑(矽烷偶合劑等)、穩定劑(紫外線吸收劑、抗氧化劑、抗臭氧劣化劑、熱穩定劑等)、潤滑劑(石墨、二硫化鉬、超高分子量聚乙烯等)、難燃劑、抗靜電劑等。金屬氧化物亦可作為交聯劑發揮作用。該等添加劑可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。又,該等添加劑之比率可根據種類自慣用之範圍內選擇,例如,相對於橡膠成分100質量份,補強劑(碳黑、二氧化矽等)之比率可設為10~200質量份(較佳為20~150質量份),金屬氧化物(氧化鋅等)之比率可設為1~15質量份(較佳為2~10質量份),塑化劑(鏈烷油等油類等)之比率可設為1~30質量份(較佳為5~25質量份),加工劑(硬脂酸等)之比率可設為0.1~5質量份(較佳為0.5~3質量份)。
伸張層3可由與壓縮層4相同之橡膠組合物(包含乙烯-α-烯烴彈性體等橡膠成分之橡膠組合物)形成,亦可由帆布等布帛(補強布)形成。作為補強布,可列舉:織布、廣角帆布、針織布、不織布等布料。該等之中,較佳為以平紋織、斜紋織、緞紋織等形態織製而成之織布、或經紗與緯紗之交叉角為90°~130°左右之廣角帆布或針織布。作為構成補強布之纖維,可利用與上述短纖維相同之纖維。補強布亦可利用RFL液進行處理(浸漬處理等)後,實施塗佈處理等而製成附橡膠之帆布。
伸張層3較佳為由與壓縮層4相同之橡膠組合物形成。作為該橡膠組合物之橡膠成分,大多使用與壓縮層4之橡膠成分同系統或同種之橡膠。又,硫化劑或交聯劑、共交聯劑、硫化促進劑等添加劑之比率亦可分別自與壓縮層4之橡膠組合物相同之範圍內選擇。
於伸張層3之橡膠組合物中,為了抑制於背面驅動時因背面橡膠之黏著而產生異響聲,亦可包含與壓縮層4相同之短纖維。短纖維之形態可為直線狀,亦可為使一部分彎曲之形狀(例如,日本專利特開2007-120507號公報中所記載之磨碎纖維)者。於V型稜紋皮帶1之移行時,有於伸張層3中在皮帶圓周方向上產生龜裂,導致V型稜紋皮帶1於長度方向上斷裂之虞,但藉由使短纖維沿皮帶寬度方向或任意方向配向,可防止上述情況。又,為了抑制背面驅動時之異響聲之產生,亦可於伸張層3之表面(皮帶背面)設置凹凸圖案。作為凹凸圖案,可列舉:針織布圖案、織布圖案、橫條紋織布圖案、壓紋圖案(例如波紋形狀)等,大小或深度並無特別限定。
作為芯線5,並無特別限定,可使用由以下之纖維形成之繩線(cord):聚酯纖維(聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯纖維、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯纖維、聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯纖維、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯纖維等)、脂肪族聚醯胺(尼龍)纖維(6尼龍纖維、66尼龍纖維、46尼龍纖維等)、芳香族聚醯胺(芳綸(aramid))纖維(共聚對伸苯基-3,4'氧二伸苯基-對苯二甲醯胺纖維、聚對伸苯基對苯二甲醯胺纖維等)、聚芳酯纖維、玻璃纖維、碳纖維、PBO纖維等。該等纖維可單獨使用或組合2種以上而使用。又,該等纖維可根據後述之可撓性護套51之膨脹率而適當選擇。例如,於如膨脹率超過2%之高伸張之情形時,較佳為彈性模數較低之聚酯纖維(尤其是低彈性聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯纖維)、尼龍纖維(尤其是66尼龍纖維、46尼龍纖維)。其原因在於:芳綸纖維、PBO纖維等彈性模數較高之纖維中,即便可撓性護套51膨脹,纖維亦無法充分地伸張,埋設於V型稜紋皮帶1中之芯線5之節線不穩定,或未形成適當之肋部2之形狀。因此,於使用彈性模數較高之纖維時,較佳為將可撓性護套51之膨脹率設定為較低(例如1%左右)。
由於針織布6使用伸縮性優異之緯編,故而可更容易地緊貼於以肋部2形成有凹凸之摩擦傳動面(不易產生肋部2之形狀不良)。又,就厚度較厚,吸水性優異,可更確實地防止壓縮層4之橡膠成分之滲出,藉由於摩擦傳動面側與壓縮層4側改變紗之露出比率而獲得所需特性之方面而言,針織布6應用多層針法。作為緯編且針織成多層之針織布6,可列舉:平順針法(smooth stitch)、互鎖針法(interlock stitch)、雙面羅紋針法(double rib stitch)、單面凹凸針法(single pique stitch)、潘揚地羅馬針法(Ponte-de-Roma stitch)、米蘭羅紋針法(Milano rib stitch)、雙面緯編針法(double jersey stitch)、桂花針法(moss stitch)(表面桂花、背面桂花、雙面桂花)等。
又,針織布6係以包含聚酯系複合紗、纖維素系天然紡紗(例如棉紗)、及聚醯胺系紗之方式針織而成。又,以於針織成多層之針織布6之摩擦傳動面側之層(與驅動輪21或從動輪22抵接之面側)至少配置有纖維素系天然紡紗及聚醯胺系紗之方式針織而成。即,關於針織布6之摩擦傳動面側之層,聚酯系複合紗並非必需構成。進而,針織布6亦可包含聚酯系複合紗、纖維素系天然紡紗、聚醯胺系紗以外之纖維。針織布6中之聚酯系複合紗、纖維素系天然紡紗、及聚醯胺系紗之合計含量較佳為80質量%以上。又,針織布6之摩擦傳動面側之層中之纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗之合計含量較佳為70質量%以上。
於本實施態樣中,聚酯系複合紗為蓬鬆加工紗。蓬鬆加工紗係使纖維產生捲曲(捲縮性),或以其他紗包覆芯紗而增大剖面之尺寸之加工紗。蓬鬆加工紗中有複合紗、包覆紗、捲縮加工紗、棉毛加工紗、塔絲隆加工紗、交織加工紗等,關於作為蓬鬆加工紗之聚酯系複合紗,較佳為複合紗或包覆紗。
複合紗較佳為具有使熱收縮率不同之2種以上之聚合物沿纖維軸向貼合而成之剖面構造。具有此種構造之複合紗係當製造時或加工時加熱時,藉由各聚合物之收縮率(熱收縮率)之差異產生捲縮而成為蓬鬆之紗。例如有將聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)與聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共軛而成之複合紗(PTT/PET複合紗)、或將聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)與聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共軛而成之複合紗(PBT/PET複合紗)。如上所述,藉由使用含有聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)之複合紗作為聚酯系複合紗,可提高針織布6之伸縮性、蓬鬆性、耐磨耗性。又,由於含有聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯之複合紗之獲取性優異,故而可降低成本。又,包覆紗係藉由以其他紗覆蓋(包覆)芯紗之周圍,而增大紗整體之剖面之尺寸之紗。例如有將伸縮性優異之聚胺基甲酸酯(PU)紗作為芯且於其表面包覆聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)而成之複合紗(PET/PU包覆紗)、或將PU作為芯且包覆聚醯胺(PA)而成之複合紗(PA/PU包覆紗)。該等複合紗中,較佳為伸縮性或耐磨耗性優異之PTT/PET複合紗。
如上所述,藉由使聚酯系複合紗由包含熱收縮率不同之2種以上之聚合物之蓬鬆加工紗構成,利用2種以上之聚合物之熱收縮率之差異而表現出捲縮性,從而可使針織布6具有伸縮性或蓬鬆性。藉此,於利用後述之模具(內模52、外模53)於V型稜紋皮帶1形成V形狀之肋部2之製造過程中,可提高針織布6對V形狀之肋部2之適應性,並且可抑制壓縮層4之橡膠成分經由針織布6向摩擦傳動面側滲出,減小摩擦傳動面於乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。
纖維素系天然紡紗可例示將以下之纖維紡織而成之紗:竹纖維、甘蔗纖維、種子毛纖維(棉纖維(棉絨)、木棉等)、莖皮纖維(例如麻、楮樹、結香等)、葉纖維(例如馬尼拉麻、紐西蘭麻等)等來自天然植物之纖維素纖維(紙漿纖維)、羊毛、蠶絲、海鞘纖維素等來自動物之纖維素纖維、細菌纖維素纖維、藻類纖維素等。其中,尤其是就吸水性優異之方面而言,較佳為棉纖維。
於針織布6中,若纖維素系天然紡紗之含量少於5質量%,則有吸水性降低,耐注水響聲性降低之情況。又,若纖維素系天然紡紗之含量多於60質量%,則有耐磨耗性降低之情況。因此,於本實施形態中,纖維素系天然紡紗之含量係設為5~60質量%。再者,於針織布6中,纖維素系天然紡紗之含量較佳為5~55質量%,更佳為5~40質量%,進而較佳為20~40質量%之範圍。藉由設為上述範圍,可不損及V型稜紋皮帶1之耐注水響聲性,而提高耐磨耗性。
聚醯胺系紗之材質可例示:脂肪族聚醯胺(尼龍)或芳香族聚醯胺(芳綸)等。藉由使用芳香族聚醯胺(芳綸),可獲得更高之耐磨耗性,但即便是相對廉價之尼龍,耐磨耗性亦提高。又,聚醯胺系紗可為將長纖維收束而成之長絲紗,亦可為將短纖維(棉狀纖維(staple))紡織而成之紡紗(短纖紗)。於長絲紗之情形時,可為將長絲並線而成之未撚之束,亦可為將經並線之長絲撚合而成之撚紗,就提高耐磨耗性之方面或針織作業性之方面而言,較佳為撚紗。
於針織布6中,若聚醯胺系紗之含量少於5質量%,則有耐磨耗性降低之情況。又,若聚醯胺系紗之含量多於60質量%,則有吸水性降低而耐注水響聲性降低之情況。因此,於本實施形態中,聚醯胺系紗之含量係設為5~60質量%。再者,於針織布6中,聚醯胺系紗之含量較佳為15~60質量%,更佳為20~55質量%,進而較佳為20~40質量%之範圍。藉由設為上述範圍,可不損及V型稜紋皮帶1之耐注水響聲性,而提高耐磨耗性。
進而,於本實施形態之針織布6中,聚醯胺系紗與纖維素系天然紡紗之質量比係設為5:95~95:5之範圍。其原因在於:若聚醯胺系紗之含有比率少於上述範圍,則有耐磨耗性降低之情況,若多於上述範圍,則有吸水性降低而耐注水響聲性降低之情況。再者,於針織布6中,聚醯胺系紗與纖維素系天然紡紗之質量比較佳為10:90~90:10,更佳為20:80~80:20,進而較佳為30:70~70:30之範圍。藉由設為上述範圍,可不損及V型稜紋皮帶1之耐注水響聲性,而提高耐磨耗性。
又,於針織布6中,較佳為將纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗以均勻分散之方式進行配置。於本實施形態中,藉由於針織成多層之針織布6之摩擦傳動面側之層(與驅動輪21或從動輪22抵接之面側)中至少包含纖維素系天然紡紗及聚醯胺系紗之兩者,而表現出抑制纖維素系天然紡紗之磨耗,因此可長期保持耐注水響聲性之效果,於聚醯胺系紗位於纖維素系天然紡紗(A)之附近(均勻地分散而配置)時,可獲得顯著之該效果。例如,於(聚醯胺系紗之根數:纖維素系天然紡紗之根數)為1:1之情形時,較理想為將各紗以1根1根交替地針織而成。但是,於以將聚醯胺系紗10根與纖維素系天然紡紗10根彙集排列之方式針織而成之情形時,位於遠離聚醯胺系紗之位置之纖維素系天然紡紗容易產生磨耗,因此耐注水響聲性變得容易降低。
具體而言,於相對於針織布整體之質量,將纖維素系天然紡紗之質量比設為40%、聚醯胺系紗之質量比設為20%,且紗之單位重量相同之情形時,以相對於纖維素系天然紡紗每2根,聚醯胺系紗為1根之方式針織而成。該情形時,例如若使用支數24之針織機,則相較於將纖維素系天然紡紗16根與聚醯胺系紗8根彙集排列(參照圖3(B)),將纖維素系天然紡紗2根與聚醯胺系紗1根以重複8次之方式排列(參照圖3(A))時,聚醯胺系紗位於纖維素系天然紡紗之附近,因此可更確實地抑制纖維素系天然紡紗之磨耗。又,由於吸水性均勻,故而亦可提高耐注水響聲性。於本說明書及申請專利範圍中,所謂「纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗均勻地分散」,意指鄰接之12根紗中包含至少1根聚醯胺系紗。
又,構成針織布6之聚酯系複合紗、纖維素系天然紡紗、聚醯胺系紗較佳為分別使長絲或纖維撚合而成之撚紗。藉由將長絲或纖維收束成構成針織布6之紗,而耐磨耗性提高。又,藉由將長絲或纖維撚合並收束成構成針織布6之紗,而容易針織成針織布,亦可抑制長絲或纖維起毛,因此可提高V型稜紋皮帶1之外觀品質。
又,針織布6較佳為不含聚胺基甲酸酯。藉由使針織布6中不含與纖維材料相比吸水性或耐磨耗性較低之聚胺基甲酸酯,可使得針織布6之吸水性或耐磨耗性不會降低。再者,雖亦認為因不含針織布6中時常採用之聚胺基甲酸酯紗等而伸縮性較差,但由於針織布6包含伸縮性優異之聚酯系複合紗,故而可確保伸縮性。進而,針織布6亦可包含聚酯系複合紗、纖維素系天然紡紗、聚醯胺系紗以•BR>O之纖維。針織布6中之聚酯系複合紗、纖維素系天然紡紗、及聚醯胺系紗之合計含量較佳為80質量%以上。又,針織布6之摩擦傳動面側之層中之纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗之合計含量較佳為70質量%以上。
又,包含蓬鬆加工紗並針織成多層之針織布6之厚度較佳為0.6 mm以上。藉由將針織布6之厚度設為0.6 mm以上,可抑制壓縮層4之橡膠成分經由針織布6向摩擦傳動面側滲出,減小摩擦傳動面於乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。再者,若針織布6之厚度為0.7 mm以上,可更確實地抑制壓縮層4之橡膠成分經由針織布6向摩擦傳動面側滲出,尤佳為0.8 mm以上。
又,可使針織布6中含有或附著作為親水化處理劑之界面活性劑或親水性柔軟劑。於如此般使親水化處理劑含有或附著於針織布6之情形時,若水滴附著於摩擦傳動面(針織布6),則該水滴於經親水化處理之針織布6之表面迅速地潤濕擴散而成為水膜,進而,使針織布6之纖維素系天然紡紗吸水,於摩擦傳動面上水膜消失。因此,可進一步抑制濕潤狀態下之摩擦傳動面之摩擦係數之降低。
作為親水化處理劑,可使用界面活性劑或親水性柔軟劑。作為使該等親水化處理劑含有或附著於針織布6之方法,可採用對針織布6噴霧親水化處理劑之方法、於針織布6塗佈親水化處理劑之方法、或將針織布6浸漬於親水化處理劑之方法。又,於將親水化處理劑設為界面活性劑之情形時,亦可採用以下之方法:製作V型稜紋皮帶1時,於在內周面刻設有複數個肋模之筒狀外模之表面塗佈界面活性劑而進行硫化成形,藉此使界面活性劑含有於針織布6中。該等方法中,就可簡便且更均勻地含有、附著親水化處理劑之方面而言,較佳為將針織布6浸漬於親水化處理劑之方法。
所謂界面活性劑係於分子內具有容易與水親和之親水基、及容易與油親和之疏水基(親油基)之物質之總稱,除具有將極性物質與非極性物質均勻地混合之作用以外,亦具有減小表面張力而提高潤濕性,或於物質與物質之間介存界面活性劑而減小界面摩擦之作用。
界面活性劑之種類並無特別限定,可使用離子界面活性劑、非離子界面活性劑等。非離子界面活性劑可為聚乙二醇型非離子界面活性劑或多元醇型非離子界面活性劑。
聚乙二醇型非離子界面活性劑係對高級醇、烷基苯酚、高級脂肪酸、多元醇高級脂肪酸酯、高級脂肪酸醯胺、聚丙二醇等具有疏水基之疏水性基礎成分加成環氧乙烷而賦予有親水基之非離子界面活性劑。
又,為了提高與構成壓縮層4之橡膠組合物(形成肋部2之表面之橡膠組合物)之接著性,對於針織布6可實施接著處理。作為此種針織布6之接著處理,可列舉:於將環氧化合物或異氰酸酯化合物溶解於有機溶劑(甲苯、二甲苯、甲基乙基酮等)中而成之樹脂系處理液中之浸漬處理、於間苯二酚-福馬林-乳膠液(RFL液)中之浸漬處理、於將橡膠組合物溶解於有機溶劑中而成之橡膠糊中之浸漬處理等。作為其他接著處理之方法,例如亦可採用:使針織布6與橡膠組合物通過砑光輥而將橡膠組合物研磨混入至針織布6中之摩擦處理、於針織布6塗佈橡膠糊之鋪漿處理、於針織布6積層橡膠組合物之塗佈處理等。藉由如此般對針織布6進行接著處理,可提高與壓縮層4之接著性,防止針織布6於V型稜紋皮帶1之移行時之剝離。又,藉由進行接著處理,亦可提高肋部2之耐磨耗性。
此處,較佳為藉由上述接著處理,使構成壓縮層4之橡膠組合物接著於針織布6,結果使得橡膠組合物不會於針織布6之摩擦傳動面(與驅動輪21或從動輪22抵接之面側)滲出。若橡膠組合物自針織布6向摩擦傳動面側滲出,則吸水性降低,因此濕潤時之摩擦係數大幅降低,耐注水響聲性降低。因此,藉由消除橡膠組合物自針織布6向摩擦傳動面之滲出,可確保充分之吸水性,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。
(V型稜紋皮帶1之製造方法) 以下,基於圖4,對V型稜紋皮帶1之製造方法進行說明。首先,如圖4(a)所示,於在外周面安裝有可撓性護套51之筒狀之內模52,捲繞未硫化之伸張層用片材3S,於其上將芯線5紡織成螺旋狀,進而,於其上依序捲繞(被覆)未硫化之壓縮層用片材4S及針織布6,而製作成形體10。其後,於在內周面刻設有複數個肋模53a之外模53之內周側,呈同心狀地設置捲繞有成形體10之內模52。此時,於外模53之內周面與成形體10之外周面之間設置特定之間隙。
此處,如上所述,於成形V型稜紋皮帶1時,針織布6必須以緊貼於壓縮層用片材4S之外周之方式成形為圓筒狀。為此,有使用圓型針織機等而準備無接頭之無縫針織布之方法,但於該情形時,必須準備與V型稜紋皮帶1之長度(周長)對應之無縫針織布。此時,於使用相對於V型稜紋皮帶1之長度而言過長(周長過大)之針織布之情形時,有因針織布過大而重疊(overlap),引起品質異常之虞,反之,於使用過短(周長過小)之針織布之情形時,預測所成形之肋部2之形狀變得不良,或壓縮層用片材4S之橡膠組合物於摩擦傳動面滲出而耐注水響聲性降低等不良情況。因此,若欲製造各種長度之V型稜紋皮帶1,則必須持有與該V型稜紋皮帶1相同數量之在製品,而容易產生浪費。
因此,為了將針織布6以緊貼於壓縮層用片材4S之外周之方式成形為圓筒狀,較佳為採用根據V型稜紋皮帶1之長度,將四邊形狀之針織布6之兩端接合而製作筒狀之針織布6之方法。於該情形時,無論為何種V型稜紋皮帶1之長度,均可準備(調節)最佳之周長之針織布6,因此品質穩定。進而,除圓型針織機以外,亦可使用橫編機,因此自由度較高,在製品亦可為1種,因此無浪費。
作為將針織布6之兩端接合之方法,可例示:一面利用加熱至構成針織布6之紗之熔點附近之溫度之刀進行切斷一面同時地將其切斷面進行熔接之方法(熱熔、熱熔接)、藉由利用經超音波振動之刀進行按壓而同時進行切斷與熔接之方法(超音波熔接)、機器接合、縫合、對接等。作為將針織布6之兩端接合之時機,可於V型稜紋皮帶1之成形前預先進行,亦可於V型稜紋皮帶1之成形過程中進行(例如,於捲繞於內模52之壓縮層用片材4S上將針織布6之兩端接合)。於V型稜紋皮帶1之成形前進行之情形時,可適宜地應用熱熔、超音波熔接、機器接合、縫合,於V型稜紋皮帶1之成形過程中進行之情形時,可適宜地應用對接。其中,就針織布6之接縫之外觀良好之方面而言,較佳為超音波熔接或對接。又,針織布6之接合部位可為1個部位,亦可為複數個部位。就步驟數減少或外觀改善之方面而言,針織布6之接合部位較佳為1個部位或2個部位。
繼而,如圖4(b)所示,使上述可撓性護套51朝向外模53之內周面以特定之膨脹率(例如1~6%)膨脹,將成形體10之壓縮層用片材4S及針織布6壓入至外模53之肋模53a,於該狀態下進行硫化處理(例如160℃、30分鐘)。
最後,如圖4之(c)所示,將內模52自外模53拔除,使具有複數個肋部2之硫化橡膠套筒10A自外模53脫模後,使用切割機,將硫化橡膠套筒10A沿周長方向切割成特定之寬度,最終加工成V型稜紋皮帶1。再者,V型稜紋皮帶1之製造方法並不限於上述方法,例如亦可採用日本專利特開2004-82702號公報等中所揭示之其他公知之方法。
根據上述之V型稜紋皮帶1,藉由被覆摩擦傳動面側之針織布6包含纖維素系天然紡紗,可提高V型稜紋皮帶1之吸水性,提高耐注水響聲性。又,藉由針織布6包含聚酯系複合紗,可提高針織布6之伸縮性,提高利用模具(內模52、外模53)於V型稜紋皮帶1形成V形狀之肋部2時針織布6對V形狀之肋部2之適應性。又,藉由針織布6包含聚醯胺系紗,可提高耐磨耗性,抑制纖維素系天然紡紗產生磨耗,從而可長期保持耐注水響聲性。
又,藉由將被覆V型稜紋皮帶1之摩擦傳動面側之針織布6設為緯編而提高伸縮性,因此利用模具(內模52、外模53)於V型稜紋皮帶1形成V形狀之肋部2之製造過程中,可使肋部2之形狀不良不易產生。又,藉由將針織布6設為多層構造,可抑制壓縮層4之橡膠成分經由針織布6向摩擦傳動面側滲出,減小摩擦傳動面於乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差,因此可提高耐注水響聲性。
又,藉由將吸水性較高之纖維素系天然紡紗配置於V型稜紋皮帶1之摩擦傳動面側之層,可將浸入至驅動輪21及從動輪22與V型稜紋皮帶1之間之水快速地吸收而使摩擦係數穩定化(抑制濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之降低),因此可提高耐注水響聲性。進而,藉由將耐磨耗性較高之聚醯胺系紗配置於摩擦傳動面側之層,可抑制纖維素系天然紡紗產生磨耗,從而可長期保持耐注水響聲性。 [實施例]
其次,如表1及表2所示,製作實施例1~5及比較例1~4之V型稜紋皮帶,進行觀察有無橡膠向摩擦傳動面之滲出之橡膠滲出觀察試驗、摩擦係數測定試驗、調偏響聲評價試驗(響聲極限角度測定)及耐磨耗性試驗。
實施例1~5全部為雙面桂花針法之緯編多層針織布,且作為纖維素系天然紡紗(A)使用棉紗(50支數之短纖紗),作為聚酯系複合紗(B)使用PTT/PET複合紗(東麗(股)製造,84 dtex)。作為聚醯胺系紗(C),實施例1~4中使用尼龍長絲紗(東麗(股)製造,尼龍66,110 dtex),實施例5中使用芳綸長絲紗(帝人(股)製造,TECHNORA,110 dtex)。又,實施例1~5中,以PTT/PET複合紗成為壓縮層側且棉紗與聚醯胺系紗成為摩擦傳動面側(與皮帶輪接觸之側)之方式針織而成。實施例1~4中,改變棉紗與聚醯胺系紗之比率(質量比),評價對耐注水響聲性或耐磨耗性之影響。
比較例1係使用棉紗作為纖維素系天然紡紗(A),使用PTT/PET複合紗作為聚酯系複合紗(B),且不包含聚醯胺系紗(C)之構成之緯編多層針織布。比較例2係包含棉與聚胺基甲酸酯之包覆加工紗之單層之緯編布。比較例3係包含尼龍與聚胺基甲酸酯之塔絲隆加工紗之單層之緯編布。比較例4係與實施例1相同構成之針織布,但藉由與實施例1不同而表裡兩面相反地使用,於摩擦傳動面側配置PTT/PET複合紗,於壓縮層側配置棉紗及尼龍長絲紗。
(橡膠滲出觀察試驗) 於橡膠滲出觀察試驗中,利用顯微鏡將V型稜紋皮帶1之摩擦傳動面放大20倍而進行拍攝,使用圖像解析軟體,計算橡膠於摩擦傳動面露出之面積比率。根據測定任意5個部位所得之平均值,於橡膠於摩擦傳動面露出之面積比率未達5%之情形時,判斷橡膠滲出為「無」,為5%以上之情形時,判斷橡膠滲出為「有」。
(摩擦係數測定試驗) 如圖5所示,摩擦係數測定試驗係使用配置有直徑121.6 mm之驅動輪(Dr.)、直徑76.2 mm之惰輪(IDL.1)、直徑61.0 mm之惰輪(IDL.2)、直徑76.2 mm之惰輪(IDL.3)、直徑77.0 mm之惰輪(IDL.4)、直徑121.6 mm之從動輪(Dn.)之試驗機,於該等各皮帶輪架設V型稜紋皮帶1而進行。
如圖5(a)所示,於假定通常移行時之乾燥狀態之試驗中,於室溫條件下(23℃),將驅動輪(Dr.)之轉數設為400 rpm,將於從動輪(Dn.)上之皮帶捲繞角度α設為π/9 rad(20°),賦予固定荷重(180 N/6rib)而使V型稜紋皮帶1移行,逐漸提昇從動輪(Dn.)之轉矩,根據V型稜紋皮帶1相對於從動輪(Dn.)之滑動速度成為最大(100%打滑)時之從動輪(Dn.)之轉矩值,使用(1)式,求出摩擦係數μ。 μ=ln(T1
/T2
)/α (1) 此處,T1
係張緊側張力,T2
係鬆弛側張力。 從動輪(Dn.)入側之鬆弛側張力T2
與固定荷重(180 N/6rib)相等,出側之張緊側張力T1
成為該固定荷重加上由從動輪(Dn.)之轉矩決定之張力所得者。
如圖5(b)所示,於假定雨天移行時之濕潤狀態之試驗中,將驅動輪(Dr.)之轉數設為800 rpm,將於從動輪(Dn.)上之皮帶捲繞角度α設為π/4 rad(45°),對從動輪(Dn.)之入口附近以1分鐘連續注入300 ml之水。其他條件與乾燥狀態之試驗相同,使用(1)式,求出摩擦係數μ。
(調偏響聲評價試驗) 如圖6所示,調偏響聲評價試驗係使用配置有直徑90 mm之驅動輪(Dr.)、直徑70 mm之惰輪(IDL.1)、直徑120 mm之調偏輪(W/P)、直徑80 mm之張力輪(Ten.)、直徑70 mm之惰輪(IDL.2)、直徑80 mm之惰輪(IDL.3)之試驗機,將惰輪(IDL.1)與調偏輪(W/P)之軸間跨距設定為135 mm,以全部皮帶輪位於同一平面上(角偏差0°)之方式進行調整。
然後,於試驗機之各皮帶輪架設V型稜紋皮帶1,於室溫條件下(23℃),將驅動輪(Dr.)之轉數設為1000 rpm,將皮帶張力設為300 N/6rib,於驅動輪(Dr.)之出口附近,對V型稜紋皮帶1之摩擦傳動面定期地(約30秒間隔)注入5 cc之水,以使調偏輪(W/P)相對於其他各皮帶輪向近前側偏移(使角偏差緩慢地增大)之調偏使V型稜紋皮帶1移行,求出於調偏輪(W/P)之入口附近發出響聲時之角偏差(響聲極限角度)。又,假定通常移行時,針對不進行注水之乾燥狀態,亦同樣地求出響聲極限角度。再者,該響聲極限角度越大,表示耐響聲性越優異。
(耐磨耗性試驗) 於耐磨耗性試驗中,使用依序配置有直徑120 mm之驅動輪(Dr.)、直徑75 mm之惰輪(IDL.1)、直徑60 mm之張力輪(Ten.)、直徑120 mm之從動輪(Dn.)之試驗機,但省略圖示。於該等各皮帶輪架設V型稜紋皮帶1,於120℃之環境下,將驅動輪(Dr.)之轉數設為4900 rpm,作為初始荷重使張力輪(Ten.)負載890 N之軸荷重,測定使之移行200小時之試驗前後之皮帶質量,使用(2)式,求出磨耗率。 磨耗率=(試驗前質量-試驗後質量)/試驗前質量×100(%) (2) 再者,磨耗率之值越低,表示耐磨耗性越優異。
(關於針織布之厚度) 將所製作之實施例1~5及比較例1~4之V型稜紋皮帶沿皮帶寬度方向切斷,藉由顯微鏡對其剖面進行拍攝,測定被覆摩擦傳動面之針織布6之平均厚度。
[表1]
[表2]
•棉:50支數之短纖紗 •PTT/PET複合紗:東麗(股)製造,84 dtex •尼龍長絲紗:東麗(股)製造,尼龍66,110 dtex •芳綸長絲紗:帝人(股)製造,TECHNORA,110 dtex
(各試驗結果之探討) 於針織布6中包含纖維素系天然紡紗(A)、聚酯系複合紗(B)、及聚醯胺系紗(C),且將纖維素系天然紡紗(A)及聚醯胺系紗(C)配置於摩擦傳動面側之層的實施例1~5中,無橡膠向摩擦傳動面之滲出,乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差Δμ較小,耐注水響聲性較高。進而,200 h耐久後磨耗率較低,耐磨耗性亦優異。
若著眼於針織布6中之棉與尼龍之質量比對耐注水響聲性及耐磨耗性所造成之影響,則於尼龍之質量比為20~55%之間之實施例1、2及4中,乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差Δμ較小(耐注水響聲性較高),耐磨耗性亦優異。於尼龍之質量比為相對較低之5%之實施例3中,乾燥狀態下之摩擦係數與濕潤狀態下之摩擦係數之差Δμ最小,另一方面,耐磨耗性相對較低。
於使用芳綸作為聚醯胺系紗(C)之實施例5中,在具有與使用尼龍之實施例1相同之耐注水響聲性之狀態下,可見耐磨耗性之提高。
另一方面,於不包含聚醯胺系紗(C)之比較例1中,耐磨耗性大幅降低。又,於使用棉/聚胺基甲酸酯之包覆加工紗之比較例2中,或許因有橡膠向摩擦傳動面之滲出,導致耐注水響聲性較低,進而,耐磨耗性亦較低。又,使用尼龍/聚胺基甲酸酯之塔絲隆加工紗之比較例3與比較例1或比較例2相比,可見耐注水響聲性為相同程度,耐磨耗性略有提高,但亦有橡膠向摩擦傳動面之滲出,為實用上不充分之等級。於針織布之構成本身與實施例1相同,但藉由將針織布表裡兩面相反地使用而將棉及尼龍配置於壓縮層側之比較例4中,或許因無法充分發揮棉及尼龍之吸水性或耐磨耗性,而成為耐注水響聲性及耐磨耗性較低之結果。
上文詳細且參照特定之實施態樣對本發明進行了說明,但業者明瞭,在不脫離本發明之精神與範圍之情況下,可進行各種修正或變更。 本申請案係基於2017年5月24日提出申請之日本專利申請案2017-102797號及2018年5月21日提出申請之日本專利申請案2018-097341號者,且將其內容作為參照而併入至本文中。
1‧‧‧V型稜紋皮帶
2‧‧‧肋部
3‧‧‧伸張層
3S‧‧‧伸張層用片材
4‧‧‧壓縮層
4S‧‧‧壓縮層用片材
5‧‧‧芯線
6‧‧‧針織布
10‧‧‧成形體
10A‧‧‧硫化橡膠套筒
21‧‧‧驅動輪
22‧‧‧從動輪
23‧‧‧V字狀槽
51‧‧‧可撓性護套
52‧‧‧內模
53‧‧‧外模
53a‧‧‧肋模
T1‧‧‧張緊側張力
T2‧‧‧鬆弛側張力
圖1係說明使用本發明之V型稜紋皮帶之皮帶傳動裝置之例的概略立體圖。 圖2係沿圖1之A-A'剖面之V型稜紋皮帶之橫剖視圖。 圖3係表示針織布中纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗均勻地分散之例(A)、及不均勻地分散之例(B)之說明圖。 圖4(a)~(c)係說明V型稜紋皮帶之製造方法之概念圖。 圖5係說明乾燥狀態(a)與濕潤狀態(b)之摩擦係數測定試驗之概念圖。 圖6係說明調偏響聲評價試驗之概念圖。
Claims (13)
- 一種V型稜紋皮帶,其特徵在於:其係摩擦傳動面由緯編多層針織布構成者,且 上述緯編多層針織布包含纖維素系天然紡紗、聚酯系複合紗、及聚醯胺系紗,且至少將上述纖維素系天然紡紗及上述聚醯胺系紗配置於上述摩擦傳動面側之層。
- 如請求項1之V型稜紋皮帶,其中於上述緯編多層針織布中,上述聚醯胺系紗之含量為5~60質量%。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中於上述緯編多層針織布中,上述纖維素系天然紡紗之含量為5~60質量%。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中於上述緯編多層針織布中,上述聚醯胺系紗與纖維素系天然紡紗之質量比為(聚醯胺系紗:纖維素系天然紡紗)=5:95~95:5。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中上述緯編多層針織布中所含有之上述聚酯系複合紗係包含熱收縮率不同之2種以上之聚合物之蓬鬆加工紗。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中上述緯編多層針織布中所含有之上述聚酯系複合紗係含有聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)之複合紗。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中上述緯編多層針織布中所含有之上述聚醯胺系紗含有尼龍或芳綸纖維。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中構成上述緯編多層針織布之紗係分別使長絲或纖維撚合而成。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中上述緯編多層針織布不含聚胺基甲酸酯。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中被覆上述摩擦傳動面之上述緯編多層針織布之厚度為0.6 mm以上。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中於上述緯編多層針織布之摩擦傳動面側之層中,將上述纖維素系天然紡紗與聚醯胺系紗以均勻分散之方式進行配置。
- 如請求項1或2之V型稜紋皮帶,其中上述V型稜紋皮帶包含橡膠作為構成要素, 於該橡膠之摩擦傳動面側被覆有上述緯編多層針織布,且 上述橡膠不會自上述緯編多層針織布向摩擦傳動面滲出。
- 一種V型稜紋皮帶之製造方法,其特徵在於:其係如請求項1至12中任一項之V型稜紋皮帶之製造方法,且 使將上述緯編多層針織布之兩端接合而成之筒狀之該緯編多層針織布被覆於未硫化之壓縮層用片材,或者於未硫化之壓縮層用片材上將上述緯編多層針織布之兩端接合。
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