JP6748133B2 - 摩擦伝動ベルト及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
摩擦伝動ベルト及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6748133B2 JP6748133B2 JP2018041186A JP2018041186A JP6748133B2 JP 6748133 B2 JP6748133 B2 JP 6748133B2 JP 2018041186 A JP2018041186 A JP 2018041186A JP 2018041186 A JP2018041186 A JP 2018041186A JP 6748133 B2 JP6748133 B2 JP 6748133B2
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Classifications
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Description
本発明の摩擦伝動ベルトは、ベルト背面を形成する伸張層と、この伸張層の一方の面に形成され、かつプーリと接して摩擦係合する圧縮ゴム層と、前記伸張層と前記圧縮ゴム層との間にベルト長手方向に沿って埋設される心線とを備えた摩擦伝動ベルトである。前記圧縮ゴム層はプーリと接する表面を有し、該表面の少なくとも一部が、繊維樹脂混合層を介して繊維層で被覆されている。前記繊維樹脂混合層は、樹脂成分と、圧縮ゴム層を形成するゴムの加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する耐熱繊維とを含む。前記繊維層は、前記加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する親水性耐熱繊維を含み、かつ樹脂成分を含まない。本発明では、圧縮ゴム層のプーリと接する少なくとも一部の最表面(摩擦伝動面)は、親水性耐熱繊維を含む繊維層で被覆されているため、被水時の耐発音性を向上できる。
繊維樹脂混合層は、圧縮ゴム層のプーリと接する摩擦伝動面の少なくとも一部に形成されていればよいが、生産性などの点から、通常、圧縮ゴム層の表面全体に形成される。繊維樹脂混合層には、樹脂成分と、圧縮ゴム層を形成するゴムの加硫温度(以下、単に加硫温度と表記する場合がある)を超える軟化点又は融点を有する耐熱繊維とが混在している。よって、繊維樹脂混合層を圧縮ゴム層と繊維層との間に介在させることにより、摩擦伝動面を補強できる。さらに、繊維樹脂混合層における耐熱繊維のうち、少なくとも一部の繊維は、前記繊維樹脂混合層から前記圧縮ゴム層内部の表面近傍(繊維樹脂混合層との界面近傍)に亘って埋設されていることが好ましい。このような2層を跨いで埋設された耐熱繊維を含むことにより、圧縮ゴム層への埋設部分がアンカー効果の役割を果たして繊維樹脂混合層と圧縮ゴム層表層との界面をより強固に結合でき、繊維樹脂混合層の圧縮ゴム層からの剥がれ(剥離)を防止できる。また、繊維層及び繊維樹脂混合層の摩耗が進行して圧縮ゴム層の表面が露出しても、圧縮ゴム層に埋設した耐熱繊維が摩耗によりその内部から露出するとともに、圧縮ゴム層の界面近傍で層状に存在して圧縮ゴム層を補強する役割を担うため、ベルトを長時間走行させても圧縮ゴム層(摩擦伝動面)の耐摩耗性を維持できる。耐熱繊維を圧縮ゴム層に埋設する態様としては、例えば特許文献2での圧縮ゴム層表面近傍における耐熱繊維(耐熱性繊維)の埋設態様と同様である。
耐熱繊維は、長繊維を含んでいてもよく、長繊維単独で形成された繊維であってもよいが、少なくとも短繊維を含むのが好ましい。さらに、耐熱繊維は、種類の異なる耐熱繊維(複数種の耐熱繊維)を含んでいてもよい。
樹脂成分としては、加硫温度で溶融して前記繊維に対してバインダー的な役割を発現し、繊維樹脂混合層を形成するとともに、圧縮ゴム層に埋設する繊維の表面にも付着して繊維樹脂混合層と圧縮ゴム層との密着性を向上できることが好ましい。通常、加硫温度で溶融又は軟化可能な熱可塑性樹脂が使用されるが、加硫温度で溶融又は軟化可能な熱硬化性樹脂であってもよい。
繊維樹脂混合層は、必要に応じて、慣用の添加剤、例えば、界面活性剤、増強剤、充填剤、金属酸化物、可塑剤、加工剤又は加工助剤、着色剤、カップリング剤、安定剤(紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、オゾン劣化防止剤、熱安定剤など)、潤滑剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤などを含んでいてもよい。これらのうち、ブリードアウトして繊維層における水との濡れ性が向上することにより、親水性耐熱繊維による水の掃きだし及びリブ表面の吸水性(親水性)を向上できる点から、HLB(親水−疎水バランス)5〜15(特に7〜15)程度の界面活性剤を含んでいてもよい。添加剤の割合は、繊維樹脂混合層全体に対して、0.1〜50質量%、好ましくは0.5〜30質量%、さらに好ましくは1〜20質量%(特に1.5〜10質量%)程度である。
繊維層は、圧縮ゴム層の最表面を被覆しており、加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する親水性耐熱繊維を含み、かつ樹脂成分を含まない。そのため、柔軟であり、かつ吸水性に優れるため、被水時の耐発音性を向上できる。本発明において、被水時の耐発音性が顕著に向上する理由は、最表面に位置する繊維層の存在によって、ベルトとプーリ間に侵入した水を素早く吸収できるため、ベルトとプーリ間における水膜の発生を抑制することにより、通常走行時(DRY)の摩擦係数と注水走行時(WET)の摩擦係数との差が小さくなるためであると推定できる。
圧縮ゴム層は、ベルトの種類に応じて、適宜選択でき、例えば、ゴム成分と加硫剤又は架橋剤とを含むゴム組成物やポリウレタン樹脂組成物などが利用される。
心線を構成する繊維としては、例えば、前記耐熱繊維で例示した繊維と同様の繊維が例示できる。これらのうち、高モジュラスの点から、ポリエステル繊維、アラミド繊維などの合成繊維、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維などの無機繊維などが汎用され、ベルトスリップ率を低下できる点から、ポリエステル繊維、アラミド繊維が特に好ましい。ポリエステル繊維はマルチフィラメント糸であってもよい。マルチフィラメント糸で構成される心線の繊度は、例えば2000〜10000デニール(特に4000〜8000デニール)程度であってもよい。心線は、ゴム成分との接着性を改善するため、慣用の接着処理、例えば、レゾルシン−ホルマリン−ラテックス液(RFL液)による接着処理を施してもよい。
接着層にも前記圧縮ゴム層で例示したものと同様のゴム組成物などが使用できる。接着層のゴム組成物において、ゴム成分としては、前記圧縮ゴム層のゴム組成物のゴム成分と同系統又は同種のゴムを使用する場合が多い。また、加硫剤又は架橋剤、共架橋剤又は架橋助剤、加硫促進剤などの添加剤の割合も、それぞれ、前記圧縮ゴム層のゴム組成物と同様の範囲から選択できる。接着層のゴム組成物は、さらに接着性改善剤(レゾルシン−ホルムアルデヒド共縮合物、アミノ樹脂など)を含んでいてもよい。
伸張層は、前記圧縮ゴム層で例示したものと同様のゴム組成物で形成してもよく、帆布などの布帛(補強布)で形成してもよい。
本発明の摩擦伝動ベルトは、円筒状ドラムに、伸張層を形成するためのシート(伸張層用シート)と、心線と、圧縮ゴム層を形成するための未加硫ゴムシート(圧縮ゴム層用シート)と、繊維樹脂混合層及び繊維層を形成するためのシート状構造体(繊維樹脂混合層及び繊維層用構造体)とを順次巻き付け、積層シートを得る巻付工程、及び得られた積層シートを金型に押し付けて、前記未加硫ゴムシートを加硫成形する加硫成形工程を経て製造される。
Vリブドベルトをベルト幅方向と平行方向に切断し、この切断面(特に、リブ側部)を走査型電子顕微鏡(日本電子(株)製「JSM5900LV」)を用いて、拡大観察(倍率は50倍)して、圧縮ゴム層内部における繊維樹脂混合層との界面近傍に埋設した耐熱性繊維の埋設深さを、以下のようにして測定した。
摩擦係数測定試験は、直径121.6mmの駆動プーリ(Dr.)、直径76.2mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.1)、直径61.0mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.2)、直径76.2mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.3)、直径77.0mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.4)、直径121.6mmの従動プーリ(Dn.)を順に配置した図3にレイアウトを示す試験機を用いて行った。そして、試験機の各プーリにVリブドベルトを掛架し、通常走行時(DRY)においては室温条件下(25℃)で、駆動プーリの回転数を400rpm、従動プーリへのベルト巻き付け角度を20°とし、一定荷重(180N/6Rib)を付与してベルトを走行させ、従動プーリのトルクを0〜最大20Nmまで上げていき、従動プーリに対するベルトの滑り速度が最大(100%スリップ)となったときの従動プーリのトルク値より、以下の式を用いて摩擦係数μを求めた。
T2=180(N/6Rib)
α=π/9(rad)(式中、radはラジアンを意味する)。
ミスアライメント発音評価試験(発音限界角度)は、直径90mmの駆動プーリ(Dr.)、直径70mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.1)、直径120mmのミスアライメントプーリ(W/P)、直径80mmのテンションプーリ(Ten.)、直径70mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.2)、直径80mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.3)を順に配置した図5にレイアウトを示す試験機を用いて行い、アイドラープーリ(IDL.1)とミスアライメントプーリの軸離(スパン長)を135mmに設定し、全てのプーリが同一平面上(ミスアライメントの角度0°)に位置するように調整した。そして、試験機の各プーリにVリブドベルトを掛架し、室温条件下で、駆動プーリの回転数が1000rpm、ベルト張力が300N/6Ribとなるように張力を付与し、駆動プーリの出口付近においてVリブドベルトの摩擦伝動面に定期的(約30秒間隔)に5ccの水を注水して、ミスアライメント(ミスアライメントプーリを各プーリに対し手前側にずらす)でベルトを走行させた時の発音(ミスアライメントプーリの入口付近)が発生するときの角度(発音限界角度)を求めた。また、通常走行時(注水しない以外は注水走行時と同じレイアウト、走行条件)においても同様に発音限界角度を求めた。発音限界角度の数値が大きいほど耐発音性に優れていることを示し、被水時及び通常走行時の発音限界角度が2.0°以上であれば、耐発音性は良好と判断した。
摩耗試験は、直径120mmの駆動プーリ(Dr.)、直径85mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.)、直径120mmの従動プーリ(Dn.)、直径60mmのテンションプーリ(Ten.)を順に配置した図6にレイアウトを示す試験機を用いて行った。そして、試験機の各プーリにVリブドベルトを掛架し、駆動プーリの回転数を4900rpm、アイドラープーリ及びテンションプーリへのベルト巻き付け角度を90°、従動プーリ負荷を10.4kWとし、一定荷重(91kg/6Rib)を付与してベルトを雰囲気温度120℃で24時間走行させた。摩耗率は、摩耗量(=走行前のベルト質量−走行後のベルト質量)を走行前のベルト質量で除して求めた。摩耗率の数値が低いほど耐摩耗性に優れており、この数値が1.4%以下であれば、耐摩耗性は良好と判断した。
試験車両は、排気量1.5リットルの4気筒エンジンを搭載した市販の車両であり、計測開始前のエンジン油温は40℃以下とした。まず、Vリブドベルトを所定の張力でエンジンに取り付け、次に、Vリブドベルトの摩擦伝動面に2cc注水し、最後に、エンジン始動を5回行い、下記の評価点で評価を行い、始動5回のうち最低の評価点をそのベルトの評価点とした。
5…発音なし、許容可
4…発音微小、許容可(ボンネットを閉じると車両横でも異音が聞こえない)
3…発音小、許容可(窓開放状態でも運転席で異音が聞こえない)
2…発音中、許容不可(窓開放状態で、運転席で異音が聞こえる)
1…発音大、許容不可(うるさい)。
耐久走行試験は、直径120mmの駆動プーリ(Dr.)、直径70mmのアイドラープーリ(IDL.)、直径120mmの従動プーリ(Dn.)、直径61mmのテンションプーリ(Ten.)を順に配置した図7にレイアウトを示す試験機を用いて行った。そして、試験機の各プーリにVリブドベルトを掛架し、駆動プーリの回転数を4900rpm、アイドラープーリへのベルトの巻き付け角度を120°、テンションプーリへのベルトの巻き付け角度を90°、従動プーリ負荷を11.4kWとし、一定荷重(890N/6Rib)を付与してベルトを雰囲気温度120℃で150時間走行させた。走行後のVリブドベルトについて、摩擦係数及び発音限界角度を測定し、実車被水時異音評価を行った。
150時間耐久走行試験前後でベルト幅方向と平行方向にベルトを切断し、この切断面をSEM観察した。走行前の表面層(繊維樹脂混合層+親水性耐熱繊維層)の厚みと、走行後の表面層の厚みを測定し、走行後の表面層の厚み/走行前の表面層の厚みとして算出した。
比較例において、圧縮ゴム層側に配置され、繊維樹脂混合層の樹脂成分となる熱可塑性樹脂を表1に示す。
実施例及び比較例で使用される不織布を表2に示す。不織布E〜Jは、比較例において、前記樹脂成分に対してプーリ側に配置される不織布である。不織布K及びLは、実施例で使用される不織布であり、不織布Mは、比較例で使用される不織布である。
不織布F:ユニチカ(株)製「コットエース」、綿不織布形態、厚み0.23mm、繊維長5〜50mm、目付量45g/m2
不織布G:オーミケンシ(株)製「クラビオン」、レーヨン不織布、厚み0.20mm、繊維長5〜50mm、目付量40g/m2
不織布H:オーミケンシ(株)製「クラビオン」、繊維長約50mmのレーヨン短繊維とポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)長繊維とがランダムに混綿した不織布、レーヨン短繊維/PET長繊維=70/30(質量比)、厚み0.21mm、目付量40g/m2
不織布I:オーミケンシ(株)製「クラビオン」、繊維長約50mmのレーヨン短繊維とPET長繊維と融点125℃のポリエチレン(PE)長繊維とがランダムに混綿した不織布、レーヨン短繊維/PET長繊維/PE長繊維=70/15/15(質量比)、厚み0.21mm、目付量40g/m2
不織布J:出光ユニテック(株)製「ストラマイティ」、繊維長2〜7mmのパルプの不織紙(厚み0.25mm)とPE長繊維(融点125℃、厚み0.10mm)の不織布との積層体、目付量30g/m2
不織布K:小津産業(株)製「ノアストロング」、繊維長10mmのパルプの不織紙とポリプロピレン(PP)長繊維(融点170℃)の不織布との積層体、目付量80g/m2
不織布L:小津産業(株)製「ノアストロング」、繊維長10mmのパルプの不織紙(厚み0.28mm)とPP長繊維(融点170℃、厚み0.10mm)の不織布との積層体、目付量100g/m2
不織布M:小津産業(株)製「ノアストロング」、繊維長10mmのパルプの不織紙(厚み0.32mm)とPP長繊維(融点170℃、厚み0.10mm)の不織布との積層体、目付量200g/m2
不織布N:小津産業(株)製「ノアストロング」、繊維長10mmのパルプの不織紙(厚み0.31mm)とPP長繊維(融点170℃、厚み0.07mm)の不織布との積層体、目付量100g/m2
不織布O:小津産業(株)製「ノアストロング」、繊維長10mmのパルプの不織紙(厚み0.20mm)とPP長繊維(融点170℃、厚み0.17mm)の不織布との積層体、目付量100g/m2。
EPDMポリマー:デュポン・ダウエラスマージャパン(株)製「IP3640」
カーボンブラックHAF:東海カーボン(株)製「シースト3」
老化防止剤:精工化学(株)製「ノンフレックスOD3」
ナイロン短繊維:ナイロン66、繊維長約0.5mm
有機過酸化物:化薬アクゾ(株)製「パーカドックス14RP」
心線:1,000デニールのPET繊維を2×3の撚り構成で、上撚り係数3.0、下撚り係数3.0で諸撚りしたトータルデニール6,000のコードを接着処理した撚りコード。
(圧縮ゴム層及び伸張層の形成)
表3に示すゴム組成物をバンバリーミキサーで混練し、カレンダーロールによって圧延することによって、圧縮ゴム層又は伸張層を形成するためのゴムシートを、それぞれ、2.5mm又は0.8mmの厚みで作製した。
外周面に可撓性ジャケットを装着した内型に未加硫の伸張層用シートを巻き付け、この上に心線を螺旋状にスピニング(ピッチ1.15mm、テンション5kgf)し、更に未加硫の圧縮ゴム層用シートと、繊維層及び繊維樹脂混合層用構造体を順次巻き付けてベルトを作製した。なお、実施例1〜4では、前記構造体(不織布K、L、N又はO)を2周巻き付け、比較例では、前記構造体を1周だけ巻き付けた。加硫は、可撓性ジャケットの膨張圧を1.0MPaとし、温度80℃、時間10分で維持(第一ステップ)した後、温度を170℃まで上昇させ、その温度を20分維持(第二ステップ)して行った。加硫完了後は室温付近まで冷却し、外型から内型を抜き取った後、加硫ベルトスリーブを外型より脱型した。
2…圧縮ゴム層
3…リブ部
4…短繊維
5…伸張層
6…接着層
Claims (3)
- ベルト背面を形成する伸張層と、この伸張層の一方の面に形成され、かつプーリと接して摩擦係合する圧縮ゴム層と、前記伸張層と前記圧縮ゴム層との間にベルト長手方向に沿って埋設される心線とを備えるとともに、
前記圧縮ゴム層はプーリと接する表面を有し、
前記圧縮ゴム層の表面全体が、繊維樹脂混合層を介して繊維層で被覆されており、
前記繊維層の平均厚みが前記繊維樹脂混合層の平均厚みに対して0.1〜5倍であり、
前記繊維樹脂混合層は、樹脂成分と、圧縮ゴム層を形成するゴムの加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する耐熱繊維とを含み、
前記繊維層は、前記加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する親水性耐熱繊維を含み、かつ樹脂成分を含まない、摩擦伝動ベルトの製造方法であって、
円筒状ドラムに、前記伸張層を形成するためのシートと、前記心線と、前記圧縮ゴム層を形成するための未加硫ゴムシートと、前記繊維樹脂混合層及び前記繊維層を形成するためのシート状構造体とを順次巻き付け、積層シートを得る巻付工程、及び
前記積層シートを金型に押し付けて前記未加硫ゴムシートを加硫成形する加硫成形工程を含むとともに、
前記巻付工程において、前記シート状構造体として、軟化点又は融点が前記加硫温度以下の第一の熱可塑性樹脂を含む不織布(1)と、前記耐熱繊維を含む不織布(2)と、軟化点又は融点が前記加硫温度以下の第二の熱可塑性樹脂を含む不織布(3)と、前記親水性耐熱繊維を含む不織布(4)とをこの順序で巻き付け、かつ
前記加硫成形工程において、前記未加硫ゴムシートを前記加硫温度未満の温度で予備加熱した後、加硫する、摩擦伝動ベルトの製造方法。 - ベルト背面を形成する伸張層と、この伸張層の一方の面に形成され、かつプーリと接して摩擦係合する圧縮ゴム層と、前記伸張層と前記圧縮ゴム層との間にベルト長手方向に沿って埋設される心線とを備えるとともに、
前記圧縮ゴム層はプーリと接する表面を有し、
前記圧縮ゴム層の表面全体が、繊維樹脂混合層を介して繊維層で被覆されており、
前記繊維層の平均厚みが前記繊維樹脂混合層の平均厚みに対して0.1〜5倍であり、
前記繊維樹脂混合層は、樹脂成分と、圧縮ゴム層を形成するゴムの加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する耐熱繊維とを含み、
前記繊維層は、前記加硫温度を超える軟化点又は融点を有する親水性耐熱繊維を含み、かつ樹脂成分を含まない、摩擦伝動ベルトの製造方法であって、
円筒状ドラムに、前記伸張層を形成するためのシートと、前記心線と、前記圧縮ゴム層を形成するための未加硫ゴムシートと、前記繊維樹脂混合層及び前記繊維層を形成するためのシート状構造体とを順次巻き付け、積層シートを得る巻付工程、及び
前記積層シートを金型に押し付けて前記未加硫ゴムシートを加硫成形する加硫成形工程を含むとともに、
前記巻付工程において、前記シート状構造体として、軟化点又は融点が前記加硫温度以下の熱可塑性樹脂を含む第1の不織布と前記親水性耐熱繊維を含む第2の不織布との積層不織布を、第1の不織布を内側にして2重に巻き付け、かつ
前記加硫成形工程において、前記未加硫ゴムシートを前記加硫温度未満の温度で予備加熱した後、加硫する、摩擦伝動ベルトの製造方法。 - 前記シート状構造体の目付量が50〜150g/m2である請求項1または2記載の製造方法。
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EP4092173A4 (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2024-04-03 | Mitsuboshi Belting Ltd | CORE WIRE FOR DRIVE BELTS, DRIVE BELTS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CORE WIRE AND DRIVE BELTS |
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JPS55135244A (en) * | 1979-04-05 | 1980-10-21 | Mitsuboshi Belting Ltd | Power transmission belt |
US6443866B1 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-09-03 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Power transmission belt |
JP2003202055A (ja) * | 2002-01-08 | 2003-07-18 | Bando Chem Ind Ltd | Vリブドベルト |
DE112006000935T5 (de) | 2005-04-15 | 2008-03-06 | Bando Chemical Industries Ltd., Kobe | Treibriemen und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
FR2936291B1 (fr) | 2008-09-23 | 2011-06-03 | Hutchinson | Courroie de transmission de puissance. |
JP5302074B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-03 | 2013-10-02 | バンドー化学株式会社 | Vリブドベルト及びその製造方法 |
US20120058849A1 (en) | 2009-05-20 | 2012-03-08 | Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd | Friction drive belt and manufacturing method thereof |
JP6059111B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-01-11 | 三ツ星ベルト株式会社 | 摩擦伝動ベルト |
JP6013434B2 (ja) | 2013-11-29 | 2016-10-25 | 三ツ星ベルト株式会社 | 摩擦伝動ベルト及びその製造方法 |
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US20200009813A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
JP2018159469A (ja) | 2018-10-11 |
EP3604855A4 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
CN110446880B (zh) | 2021-01-01 |
TW201838801A (zh) | 2018-11-01 |
US11654645B2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
CN110446880A (zh) | 2019-11-12 |
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