TW201636088A - 塡充床與織物接觸器中包含吸附劑的聚合物纖維,及使用彼之方法和裝置 - Google Patents

塡充床與織物接觸器中包含吸附劑的聚合物纖維,及使用彼之方法和裝置 Download PDF

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TW201636088A
TW201636088A TW104139440A TW104139440A TW201636088A TW 201636088 A TW201636088 A TW 201636088A TW 104139440 A TW104139440 A TW 104139440A TW 104139440 A TW104139440 A TW 104139440A TW 201636088 A TW201636088 A TW 201636088A
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崔西 歐文斯
丹尼爾 雷塔
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艾克頌美孚研究工程公司
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Abstract

本發明之實施態樣大體係關於吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器、及使用彼之方法。本發明包括包含吸附劑粒子(諸如沸石、金屬氧化物、金屬有機骨架)之聚合物長絲。複數個由該等聚合物長絲所構成的纖維可形成用於變壓及/或變溫吸附程序之吸附劑床。該等複數個纖維可以隨機填充成床、螺旋纏繞、或編織成可形成接觸結構的織物。該吸附劑粒子可包含在該聚合物長絲內且可透過該聚合物內之迂迴路徑與具有供吸附之成分的介質流體連通而與該介質相互作用。

Description

填充床與織物接觸器中包含吸附劑的聚合物纖維,及使用彼之方法和裝置
本發明之各種實施態樣大體係關於氣體吸附聚合物纖維、氣體接觸器中之填充床的構造及編織織物、及在氣體流之分離中使用氣體吸附聚合物纖維的方法。
氣態進料流之個別成分可使用變壓吸附(PSA)及變溫吸附(TSA)法分離。PSA及TSA法已證實為供天然氣清潔程序用的技術。該等吸附法可提高氣體回收及降低天然氣回收廠的成本及佔用面積。PSA及TSA操作之生產力取決於每小時及每磅吸附劑可處理的氣體之量。將該吸附劑分散於具有大表面積之接觸結構可提高PSA及TSA分離的生產力。
就一些PSA及TSA系統而言,會需要使用吸附劑粒子分離氣體之組合物,包括例如甲烷及二氧化碳。為了最佳化該等分離的經濟可行性,可將該吸附劑粒子分 散在具有大表面積及遍及其長度之適當大小(通常為至少次毫米)的氣體通道之接觸結構上。為100至300微米之氣體通道可容許氣體分子從整體氣相不受阻擴散至通道壁,該等氣體分子於該通道壁處被該吸附劑粒子吸附。此將減少吸附所需之時間,使得每小時能處理更多氣體。使用具有大表面積之結構可容許每單元體積有大量吸附劑粒子填充至該結構上,減少分離所需之反應的大小及該程序的佔用面積。具有大表面積及遍及其長度之次毫米大小的通道之接觸結構會是有益的。
本發明之各種實施態樣大體係關於吸附劑床、快速循環吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器、快速循環吸附劑床、及使用彼之方法。
本發明之一實施態樣可為具有複數個纖維及該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道之吸附劑床。該等複數個纖維可為非對準的。該等纖維可包括聚合物長絲及分散在該聚合物長絲中的吸附劑粒子。該聚合物長絲可為多孔聚合物,且該多孔聚合物可具有因該多孔聚合物中所形成的巨孔、中孔、中孔及/或微孔而在其內之迂迴路徑。該聚合物內之吸附劑粒子可與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。該等複數個纖維可隨機填充、螺旋纏繞、或編織成織物。
在一些實施態樣中,該長絲之吸附劑含量可 為至少10重量%、至少15重量%或至少20重量%。該等長絲可具有小於1000微米、小於750微米、小於500微米或小於400微米之平均直徑。在一些實施態樣中,該等吸附劑粒子可具有小於該長絲之平均直徑的約50%、或小於約40%、或小於約30%的平均直徑。
該等吸附劑床可用於吸附程序。在一實施態樣中,該吸附劑床可為變溫吸附床、變壓吸附床、或二者之組合。
在一些實施態樣中,該等複數個纖維可經編織或未經編織。在一些實施態樣中,該等複數個纖維可為隨機填充、螺旋纏繞、或編織成織物。該等複數個纖維可為隨機填充長絲的不織床,或可為螺旋纏繞長絲之床。該床可具有在該等長絲之間的迂迴通道。該等複數個纖維亦可形成該等長絲之編織織物,其中該織物具有經紗及緯紗。迂迴通道可在該等經編織長絲之間的間隔中形成。氣體進料可流動通過該織物平面或流過其上。該織物可經封裝以形成接觸結構。該接觸結構可為蛇形結構或螺旋結構。該接觸結構可具有介於約50微米與500微米之間的間隔件。
本發明之一實施態樣可包括吸附劑接觸器。該吸附劑接觸器可包括上述吸附劑床,且可具有該吸附劑床之特性。該吸附劑接觸器可包括具有下列之室:氣體進料流入口及氣體進料流出口、複數個纖維、及介於該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道。該等纖維可具有聚合物 長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,且該等吸附劑粒子可與在該等纖維之間的迂迴通道之至少一部分流體連通。該等吸附劑粒子可在內部具有迂迴路徑的多孔聚合物中流體連通。
在一些實施態樣中,該接觸器可為變溫吸附接觸器或變壓吸附接觸器。該接觸器可包括通過該室的中空管,其中該等管具有熱傳流體入口及熱傳流體出口,以及在該等管中的熱傳介質。亦可使用可以電方式或其他方式加熱的實心管。
本發明之一實施態樣可為吸附介質之成分的方法。該方法可包括上述吸附劑床,或上述吸附劑接觸器,包括如上述之該等特性或每一者。該方法可包括使介質與複數個纖維及該等纖維之間的迂迴通道接觸,且以該等複數個纖維選擇性吸附該介質的成分。每個該等纖維可包括聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,且該等吸附劑粒子可與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。該方法可另外包括從該等複數個纖維解吸該介質的成分。該方法亦可包括重複該接觸及吸附步驟。該介質可為煙道氣、天然氣、燃料氣、生質氣體、都市煤氣、廢氣、水、煤氣、空氣或含二氧化碳之介質。該成分可為CO2、SOx、NOx、H2S、或水。
101‧‧‧聚合物長絲
102‧‧‧聚合物
103‧‧‧吸附劑粒子
201、301‧‧‧床
202‧‧‧隨機填充之長絲
203、303、404‧‧‧迂迴通道
204‧‧‧管
302‧‧‧聚合物、吸附劑長絲
305‧‧‧氣體流動通路
306‧‧‧接觸器出口
310‧‧‧接觸器
311‧‧‧螺旋纏繞之床
401、701‧‧‧織物
402‧‧‧長絲
403‧‧‧第二長絲
405、406‧‧‧間隔
501、601、703‧‧‧緯紗纖維
502、602、702‧‧‧經紗纖維
503‧‧‧撐體
504‧‧‧間隔件
505、605‧‧‧氣體通道
604‧‧‧中空管
606‧‧‧內部中心
圖1顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之具有 吸附劑粒子的聚合物長絲。
圖2A至2D顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之吸附劑床。
圖3A至3D顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之隨機定向或螺旋纏長絲的吸附劑床、及以徑向配置的接觸器。
圖4顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之編織成織物的長絲。
圖5A至5F顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之具有編織織物的吸附劑床接觸器。
圖6A至6F顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之具有編織織物的吸附劑床接觸器。
圖7顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之織物中的經紗及緯紗纖維之橫斷面圖。
圖8顯示根據本發明一範例實施態樣之通過不織床的壓降計算。
發明詳細說明
雖詳細解釋本發明之較佳實施態樣,但應暸解包括其他實施態樣。因此,不希望本發明範圍局限在下列說明所述或圖式中所圖示之構造及配置組件的細節。本發明能具有其他實施態樣或以各種方式實施或進行。又,在描述較佳實施態樣時,為求清晰起見,將採取特殊術 語。
亦應注意,如說明書與附錄申請專利範圍中所使用,除非內容明確另外指示,否則單數形「一」、「一個」與「該」包括複數個指示對象。
又,在描述較佳實施態樣時,為求清晰起見,將採取術語。希望每個術語包括其為熟習本領域之人士所理解的最廣義意義,且包括以相似方式操作來達成相似目的的所有技術等效物。
本文中範圍可表示為從「約」或「大約」某一特定值及/或至「約」或「大約」另一特定值。當表示此種範圍時,另一實施態樣包括從該特定值及/或至該另一特定值。
「包含」或「含有」或「包括」意指至少所指名的化合物、元素、粒子或方法步驟存在該組成物或物件或方法中,但即使其他化合物、材料、粒子、方法步驟具有所指名的相同功能,亦不排除此等其他不排除該等其他化合物、材料、粒子、方法步驟存在。
亦應暸解提及一或多種方法步驟不排除存在額外方法步驟或在明確標識的步驟之間的中間方法步驟。相似地,亦應暸解提及裝置或系統中之一或多個成分不排除存在觸媒成分或在明確標識的成分之間的中間成分。
本文揭示吸附劑床、方法及系統。該吸附劑床較佳可為快速循環吸附劑床。「快速循環」大體係意指獲致迅速吸附及解吸順序的吸附程序。快速循環可為約 10分鐘或較短時間來完成一個循環,即一個完整吸附及解吸循環。在一些實施態樣中,快速循環可為約8分鐘或較短時間、約5分鐘或較短時間、約4分鐘或較短時間、約3分鐘或較短時間、約2分鐘或較短時間、或約1分鐘或較短時間。
該吸附劑床較亦較佳可為具有動力分離之快速循環吸附劑床。動力分離為其中因不同物種進入吸附劑的速度差之故而使一種物種比其他競爭物種優先吸附的吸附程序。不希望受到理論限制,該選擇性可由數個因素驅動,包括競爭物種之相對分子大小、進出吸附劑之擴散速率及其支撐結構,以及吸附劑的孔徑。該迅速物種應能藉由擴散至含有吸附劑之混合物中以達到該吸附劑粒子的短距離而快速達到該吸附劑粒子。傳統上,此係藉由具有非常小複合吸附劑粒子而達成,其在填充床中之壓降非常高;或藉由在單塊體之壁上塗覆吸附劑薄層而達成,此導致低容量。容量及壓降之問題是待克服的明顯障礙。本發明之材料可獲致具有動力分離之快速吸附,可能具有較佳容量及/或較低壓降。動力分離中之吸附/解吸循環可少於約1分鐘,或少於約45秒,或少於約30秒。
揭示含有複數個纖維之吸附劑床。該等纖維可為聚合物長絲及分散在該聚合物長絲內的吸附劑粒子。該等吸附劑粒子可與該聚合物長絲的外部流體連通。該等複數個纖維可編織成方塊組織或編織物組織,可隨機填充、或可螺旋纏繞作為吸附劑床的一部分。該等複數個纖 維可為非對準的,意指直線紗束不平行。該等複數個纖維可具有介於該等纖維之間的曲折、或迂迴通道,氣體可通過該等通道,或因流體連通而可經由該等通道使該等吸附劑粒子與該聚合物長絲外部相互作用。
本發明包括該等複數個纖維。該等複數個纖維可包括可由聚合物長絲及分散在該聚合物內的吸附劑粒子所構成的纖維。例如,在圖1中,顯示一部分該聚合物長絲101,包括聚合物102及吸附劑粒子103。該吸附劑粒子103可與該聚合物長絲101的外部流體連通。
該聚合物可為適用於變壓吸附劑床或變溫吸附劑床。一些範例聚合物可包括聚醯亞胺、聚碸、聚二甲基矽氧烷、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)或具有形成孔隙度之能力的任何其他聚合物,該孔隙度係在纖維紡絲或拉伸期間固有地形成或經由使用設計以產生多孔聚合物的成孔化學物質形成。多孔聚合物意指在該聚合物中具有一些量之孔隙度的聚合物,且具有的密度低於不具孔隙度之相同類型聚合物。該多孔聚合物亦可描述為巨孔或中孔多孔聚合物,或具有孔、巨孔、中孔及/或微孔的聚合物。該多孔聚合物可描述為具有至少約5體積%、至少約10體積%、至少約15體積%、至少約20體積%、或至少約25體積%之孔隙分率(與非孔狀之相同聚合物相比)。該聚合物之孔隙分率可至高達約90體積%、至高達約85體積%、或至高達約80體積%。在一些實施態樣中,多孔聚合物之孔隙分率可介於約15體積%至85體積%、介於約20體積%至 80體積%、或約25體積%至約75體積%。多孔聚合物可藉由用以在聚合物材料中產生孔隙度的任何方法製造。在非限制性實例中,該聚合物長絲可使用在該聚合物內產生孔的成孔劑(porogen)製造,其中該成孔劑可為例如氣態成孔劑、可擴散成孔劑、或可萃取成孔劑。孔隙度亦可藉由相反轉而在紡絲期間引入,其中移除溶劑造成形成具有孔隙度的經沉澱聚合物。該孔隙度可為結構化的或隨機的。
本發明中之吸附劑粒子可為適於在氣體分離或移除程序中吸附氣體的材料。該吸附劑可為在變壓吸附程序或變溫吸附程序中有效的材料。
介質分離在各種不同產業中都相當重要,包括但不局限於燃料、化學品、石化產品、經活化氣體、及特用產品的生產。本文中基於便利起見使用用語「介質」,且大體係指許多流體、液體、氣體、溶液、懸浮液、粉末、凝膠、分散液、乳液、蒸汽、可流動材料、多相材料、或其組合。介質可包含進料流。介質可包含複數種成分之混合物。本文所使用之用語「複數」係指超過一個。較佳地,本文之介質為氣體,且吸附劑係應用於氣體分離技術中。
介質分離可藉由許多方法達成,該等方法係藉由熱、壓力、固體、流體、或其他工具輔助,通常利用待分離之成分的物理及/或化學性質的差異。氣體分離可藉由部分流化或藉由使用優先保留或吸附相對於該氣體混 合物之較不易吸附成分而言更容易保留或吸附的成分之吸附劑材料。
變壓吸附(PSA)及變溫吸附(TSA)為兩種商業實施的氣體分離程序。TSA包括其中使用吸附劑材料之床從介質流分離出一或多種成分,然後可藉由升高該床之溫度來再生該吸附劑床,從而釋放所吸附之成分的程序。PSA相似地包括使用材料床從介質分離出一或多種主要成分,但該吸附劑床可藉由改變該系統的壓力來再生。
TSA及PSA程序二者均可包括藉由吸附劑材料相對於介質中之第二成分或其他成分優先吸附該介質的至少一種成分。由於壓力及溫度二者會影響該介質之成分的負載,從該介質吸附之至少一種成分的總量(即,吸附劑材料之吸附容量)及對於該介質之一種成分優於其他成分的選擇性經常可藉由在特定壓力及溫度條件下操作該吸附而獲得改善。所吸附之成分可稍後從該吸附劑材料解吸。
TSA中之成分的吸附及解吸係因吸附等溫線嚴重受溫度影響而發生。如此,藉由在吸附作用強的低溫下吸附可獲得高純度之介質的成分,其中可利用供解吸之高溫來釋放被牢牢固持的成分。在TSA程序中,供解吸的熱可藉由使熱解吸劑介質流經該床而直接供應,或經由特別是加熱油、電熱源、熱傳介質或熱交換器而間接供應,此係與吸附劑材料密切相關。
PSA中之成分的吸附及解吸係因介質中之氣體 吸附劑粒子隨著壓力提高而增加而發生。不同氣體往往具有與不同基板的不同吸附係數,因此氣體混合物可在較高壓力下通過床以選擇性吸附該混合物中之氣體的至少一者。一旦該床達到其容量終點,可降低壓力以收集所吸附的氣體並再生該吸附劑。
該PSA及TSA程序不一定只有壓力或溫度。亦可改變TSA程序中於吸附/解吸期間之壓力,以及亦可改變PSA程序中於吸附/解吸期間之溫度。此外,沖洗氣體或其他工具亦可與PSA及/或TSA併用。
在TSA及PSA程序各者中,吸附劑之性質及含有該吸附劑之結構的性質二者均會影響該程序中氣體的吸附類型、吸附有效性及效率、以及容量。
本發明中之吸附劑可為適於在氣體分離或移除程序中吸附氣體的材料。該吸附劑可為在變壓吸附程序或變溫吸附程序中有效的材料。在一些實施態樣中,該吸附劑可為從氣體流吸附CO2的材料。在一實施態樣中,該吸附劑可為沸石、金屬氧化物、金屬有機骨架、沸石咪唑鹽(imidazolate)骨架、或活性碳。較佳地,該吸附劑可為沸石。該沸石可為用於吸附程序的任何沸石,包括但不局限於沸石A、沸石X、沸石Y、MFI、DDR、ZSM-58、矽質岩、矽質岩、菱沸石、八面沸石、及該等骨架的變化。
該等聚合物長絲之吸附劑含量可為至高達該聚合物喪失其撓性及/或其結構完整性的含量之任何量。 增加或減少該聚合物之吸附劑含量的能力使得能視應用而定來控制該聚合物及該裝置的容量。長絲之吸附劑含量可為該長絲中的至少約5重量%,即,按照長絲重量計為5重量%吸附劑。此亦可描述於該吸附劑壁該長絲中的重量分率。該吸附劑含量可為至少約10重量%、至少約15重量%、至少約20重量%、至少約25重量%、至少約30重量%、至少約33重量%、至少約40重量%、至少約45重量%、至少約50重量%。該吸附劑含量可至高達約90重量%或至高達約85重量%。
該等吸附劑粒子可至少部分包含在該聚合物長絲內,即,在該聚合物的直徑內。該聚合物可具有遍布該聚合物的吸附劑粒子,且不像其他系統(諸如單塊體或吸附劑僅塗覆在外表面上的經塗覆織物),該吸附劑不必在該複合物的表面。一些量的吸附劑可在該聚合物長絲內,意指該吸附劑之量不直接曝露在複合物表面。在一實施態樣中,至少約5%之該吸附劑可包含在該聚合物長絲內。在該聚合物長絲內之吸附劑的量可為至少約10%、至少約15%、或至少約20%。該聚合物長絲內之吸附劑的量可至高達該吸附劑的約100%。
然而,儘管該吸附劑在該聚合物長絲內,但該吸附劑可憑藉該聚合物的孔隙度而與該聚合物表面流體連通,因此與該外部以及在相鄰聚合纖維之間的空間流體連通。該聚合物纖維之巨孔隙度及中孔隙度提供在該聚合物內的迂迴路徑。因此,該吸附劑可與該床的迂迴通道流 體連通。如下文進一步討論,該迂迴通道(亦稱為曲折通道)為在該床中之纖維之間產生的途徑或空間。反之,迂迴路徑為由該多孔纖維中之巨孔、中孔及微孔所構成的聚合物部分。又應注意的是,該聚合物可具有使介質通過該等迂迴通道的滲透性,其亦可容許吸附劑與該等迂迴通道某種程度的連通。作為非限制性實例,一些聚合物可顯示CO2之溶解性/滲透性,因此一些CO2亦可經由標準擴散而非經由該等迂迴路徑通過該聚合物。較佳地,在一實施態樣中,該聚合物長絲內之吸附劑粒子可與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。
用以建構該吸附劑床之聚合物長絲可為能容納該吸附劑粒子且維持某種程度撓性的任何長絲尺寸。在一些實施態樣中,該聚合物長絲可具有介於10至1000微米之間的直徑。如同該用語在具有本領域普通技術之人士所使用般,該聚合物長絲的直徑可描述為該長絲的平均直徑,即,長絲的橫斷面直徑。該平均長絲直徑可小於約500微米。該平均長絲直徑可小於約400微米、小於約300微米、小於約250微米、小於約200微米或小於約100微米。該平均長絲直徑可大於約10微米、大於約20微米、大於約30微米、或大於約40微米。
在一些實施態樣中,可使用超過一種聚合物長絲尺寸。例如,在一些實施態樣中,該等複數個纖維可編織成織物,且該織物可具有經紗及緯紗,描述兩組垂直的纖維。在一些實施態樣中,經紗之纖維中的長絲可具有 與緯紗中之纖維的長絲之直徑相同的直徑。或者,經紗之纖維中的長絲可具有與緯紗中之纖維的長絲之直徑不同的直徑。當使用具有不同直徑之長絲時,最大平均長絲直徑與最小平均長絲直徑之間的差異可至高達約10比1、至高達約7.5比1、至高達約5:1、至高達約3:1。
該等吸附劑粒子可具有與粒子相關聯的平均直徑。該平均直徑可使用標準技術測量及描述。該平均粒徑亦可定義為一組具有各種不同粒徑之粒子的體積加權平均分布。該等吸附劑粒子的直徑通常可小於其所併入之長絲。該吸附劑粒子之平均尺寸通常小於該平均長絲直徑的約40%,或小於該平均長絲直徑的約30%。在一些實施態樣中,該吸附劑粒子之平均尺寸可小於該平均長絲直徑的25%、小於該平均長絲直徑的約20%、或小於該平均長絲直徑的約15%。在一些實施態樣中,該等吸附劑粒子可具有介於約1至100μm之間、或介於約5至50μm之間的平均直徑,或較佳為介於約10與約40μm之間的平均粒徑。較小尺寸亦可用於該技術中。因此,在一些實施態樣中,該等吸附劑粒子可具有小至0.01μm,或低至0.1μm之平均直徑。該平均直徑的範圍可介於約0.01至100μm之間,或介於約0.1至100μm之間。該平均粒徑可介於約1與約10μm之間、介於約1與約50μm之間、介於約5μm與約50μm之間、介於約5μm與約40μm、或約10μm與約40μm之間。
該等吸附劑粒子可藉由用以將固體引入聚合 物材料的任何方法併入該長絲。在一實施態樣中,該吸附劑可在拉伸或紡絲聚合物混合物之前分散於該聚合物混合物中。該聚合物混合物可為熔融聚合物或聚合物溶劑溶液,諸如在拉伸或紡絲之前於熱塑性聚合物中或於熱固性聚合物溶液中。該吸附劑亦可懸浮於聚合物成分中,諸如熱固性聚合物之成分。該吸附劑/聚合物混合物可為連續多孔聚合物相,然後將之擠出成為固態長絲。擠出可包括用以形成聚合物長絲之任何技術,諸如紡絲或拉伸程序,包括例如相反轉拉伸程序。該固態長絲可描述為長絲、單絲、或聚合物長絲。較佳地,該等聚合物長絲為非中空聚合物長絲,意指該聚合物未特別製備成在該聚合物長絲內包括空腔。
在本發明中,吸附劑床可包含複數個纖維及介於該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道。在一實施態樣中,該等複數個纖維可形成編織或不織長絲之床。在一實施態樣中,該等複數個纖維可為隨機填充長絲的不織床,且該等迂迴通道可形成於該等長絲之間。不織床之一範例實施態樣係示於圖2A(俯視圖)及圖2B(側視圖)。顯示隨機填充之長絲202的床201。該隨機填充之長絲202之間具有迂迴通道203。氣體可流入介於該等隨機填充之纖維之間的迂迴通道。在其他實施態樣中,該等複數個纖維可螺旋纏繞以形成床,或可編織以形成織物。
藉由將吸附劑分散在連續多孔聚合物相中、將該混合物擠成固態長絲,然後將該等單絲配置成床,可 提供具有自撐式大表面積接觸結構的吸附劑床。此種結構可容易製造。該聚合物/吸附劑固態單絲可製造該結構中具有次毫米尺寸之迂迴通道的床。此外,該等床可設計供PSA或TSA系統使用。例如,圖2A及2B中之系統可用於變壓吸附程序,其中可在該床中達成壓力改變。其他結構或撐體亦可包括在該床設計中。例如,可添加支撐結構以維持該等長絲的位置或分布。或者,可在該結構中使用中空管建構接觸器床,諸如圖2C(俯視圖)及2D(側視圖)殿所示。含有該聚合物/吸附劑長絲202且具有迂迴通道203之床201亦可包括熱傳介質(諸如水)可通過之管204。液體可流經該等管以提供變溫吸附程序之溫度改變,或該等管可用以在變壓程序期間維持特定溫度,或調整溫度。該氣體可流入介於隨機填充之纖維之間的迂迴通道,且熱傳介質可流經插入遍布該床的中空管。亦應注意的是,該等管不需要與該床平行延伸,而是可與該床垂直延伸。該床可包括熱傳導性金屬或金屬線或其他纖維來代替管以控制該床的溫度及加熱。亦可使用加熱或維持該溫度的其他方法,諸如以氣體流加熱。
本發明之床可包括慣用床設計,諸如圖2A至D中所示,其中氣體可沿該床的長度流過,即與該床的長度平行。本發明之床亦可包括其他床設計,諸如例如徑向床。徑向接觸器之一實例係示於圖3A(俯視圖)及3B(側視圖)。該接觸器310含有聚合物/吸附劑長絲302且具有迂迴通道303之床301。氣體流動通路305可使該 介質流進入該床,且該氣體可在經由該等迂迴通道303通過該等長絲302之後經由該接觸器出口306離開。在此種徑向床中之該等聚合物長絲可隨機填充,如圖3A所示。該等聚合物長絲亦可螺旋纏繞,如圖3C(俯視圖)及3D(側視圖)所示。在螺旋纏繞之床311中,該等聚合物長絲302可繞心軸或結構纏繞以形成螺旋對準之纖維。可將該心軸或結構移除,留下供待饋入該床之介質用的通路305,然後徑向通過該床311。或者,可留下該心軸或結構,且氣體可以與該床之長度平行而非與該床垂直的方向通過。此外,除了隨機定向或螺旋纏繞之纖維外,該徑向床之聚合物長絲亦可編織成織物,如下文更詳細討論,且將該織物置於該床內以使該氣體流可經過該織物從內部入口通至該等外部出口。亦應注意的是,雖然徑向接觸器(諸如圖3A及3B所示)係描述為具有流入內部及流出外部之氣體,該接觸器可設計為益相反方向操作,其中氣體流入經過該內部,通過該等複數個纖維,且在通路305處收集。
在一實施態樣中,該等長絲可編織成織物。該等複數個纖維可形成長絲之編織織物。該織物可具有經紗及緯紗。迂迴通道可在介於該編織織物的纖維之間的間隔中形成。例如,單絲可編織成織物,形成自撐式大表面積接觸結構,如圖4所示。長絲402可與第二長絲403編織成織物401。織物401可具有在該等長絲之間迂迴通道404,且該等迂迴通道之尺寸可藉由該編織物組織中之纖 維的間隔(諸如在405及406之經紗及緯紗間隔)控制。
藉由該等長絲之編織的性質,該織物可具有經紗及緯紗,且該織物可具有經紗纖維及緯紗纖維。該經紗纖維及該緯紗纖維可具有相同特性,諸如,相同直徑及相同吸附劑含量。或者,該經紗纖維可具有某一直徑及吸附劑含量,且該緯紗纖維可具有不同直徑或含量。該等經紗纖維通常彼此平行延伸,且可在該等經紗纖維之間具有間隔,本文中定義為經紗間隔。該等緯紗纖維通常可彼此平行延伸,且可在緯紗纖維之間具有間隔,本文中定義為緯紗間隔。該經紗間隔及該緯紗間隔可相同,或可不同。在一些實施態樣中,該等沿一個方向延伸之纖維中的一些可經替代結構置換。例如,一部分該等經紗纖維可以金屬線置換,其有助於熱傳或熱容量,或對該織物提供結構撐體。或者,該等纖維一部分可經中空管置換,且熱傳介質可流經該等管。
一旦建構編織織物,可填充該織物以形成接觸結構或接觸器。例如,可將該織物捲起形成螺旋結構。或者,可將該織物摺疊以形成蛇紋結構。在一些情況下,該經封裝之結構可藉由該織物構造而自承。在一些情況下,間隔件可包括在該經封裝之織物的部分之間。該等間隔件可控制介於該經封裝織物的部分之間的空間。該等間隔件可為約50微米至約1000微米、約50微米至約500微米、約100微米至約400微米、或介於約200微米至約300微米之間。該等間隔件可大於75微米、大於100微 米、或大於150微米。該等間隔件可小於約500微米、小於約450微米、小於約400微米、小於約350微米、或小於約300微米。該等間隔件可為實心管或個別撐體。該等間隔件亦可為中空管,且該等管可具有流經彼等的熱傳介質。
圖5A至F表示含有纏繞成螺旋狀之織物的接觸器之非限制性實例。在圖5A中,顯示具有緯紗纖維501及經紗纖維502之由長絲編織成的織物之橫斷面圖。圖5B顯示編織織物之俯視圖。圖5C及5D說明在該織物一端與遍布在該織物上的間隔件504之間包括心軸、棒或其他撐體503。然後可如圖5E之橫斷面圖所示將該織物捲起以產生具有經紗及緯紗纖維501及502、心軸503、以及間隔件504之螺旋纏繞結構。在該螺旋纏繞結構中,然後可看到氣體通道505,氣體可流過該氣體通道505並與該編織織物中的該等複數個纖維相互作用。圖5F顯示該捲起之螺旋結構的俯視圖。圖6A至F表示含有該等複數個編織成織物之纖維的接觸器之非限制性實例,該織物包括經紗及緯紗纖維601及602。在圖6C中,可使用具有內部中心606之中空管604代替間隔件。可將該結構捲起以形成圖6E中所示之氣體通道605的螺旋結構。該等中空管604可用作結構撐體,或亦可藉由使熱傳介質通過該等管而用以控制該接觸器的溫度。控制該床的溫度可為TSA程序的重要態樣,其中溫度變化改變吸附曲線,但亦可用以控制或維持PSA程序中之床的溫度。
如圖5E及6E所示,該等螺旋結構可與其中金屬網或片係螺旋纏繞且塗覆吸附劑之傳統單塊體或接觸器設計中所使用的經塗覆螺旋纏繞結構相似。然而,不像金屬接觸器,塗覆製程並非必要。吸附劑已在織物之長絲中,因此,可避免塗覆製程中之固有困難度。
該接觸器設計特有的另一益處可為該結構內之氣體通道的尺寸以及該結構之負載,此二者均為對PSA/TSA的生產力而言重要的因素。介於該織物的層之間的氣體通道可經由選擇適當織物設計參數予以控制。例如,在該織物吸附劑結構中之氣體通道的尺寸可藉由該織物在編織之後捲成圓柱形的鬆緊度予以控制;捲得愈緊的織物將具有較小氣體通道。該等氣體通道可藉由置於層之間的間隔件予以控制,或因自撐式織物的層之間可維持特定距離之故,可為該織物的函數。在一實施態樣中,該等氣體通道可為約30至500微米。該等氣體通道可為約50微米至約500微米、約100微米至約400微米、約100至約300微米、或介於約200微米至約300微米之間。該等氣體通道可大於75微米、大於100微米、或大於150微米。該等氣體通道可小於約500微米、小於約450微米、小於約400微米、小於約350微米、或小於約300微米。
該織物之編織圖案(其定義為經紗(該織物之垂直軸中的紗)及緯紗(該織物之水平軸中的紗)之交叉方法)可用以控制織物實心體密度,其中織物實心體密度為該長絲之體積除以該織物之總體積的分率。例如,使 用一種纖維之平紋組織可具有至高達78%之織物實心體分率,而緞紋組織可具有至高達50%之織物實心體分率。另外,改變經編織長絲之形狀會提高織物實心體分率。若平紋組織織物係以正方形長絲代替圓柱形長絲編織,該織物的實心體分率可提高為至高達78%至至高達100%。在該經紗及該緯紗中使用兩種不同纖維亦可獲致不同織物實心體密度。因此,在一實施態樣中,織物之織物實心體密度可至高達約50%、至高達約60%、至高達約70%、至高達約75%、至高達約80%、至高達約90%、或至高達約100%。該織物實心體密度可大於約10%、大於約25%、大於約30%、或大於約40%。
本發明亦包括控制該織物之其他變數的能力。例如,可使用長絲直徑界定該捲起之結構中的吸附層之厚度。該長絲直徑愈大,則該吸附層愈厚,以圖7為例,其中經紗纖維702及緯紗纖維703形成織物701,且該織物具有圖7中所示之橫斷面寬度W。該橫斷面寬度通常可介於該纖維的寬度之1至5倍之間,部分視該等長絲抽拉的緊度而定。在二者纖維具有大約相同直徑的情況下,該橫斷面寬度可為該等纖維之直徑的約3倍。在其他實施態樣中,該橫斷面寬度可為該等纖維之平均直徑的約2.5至約3.5倍。該橫斷面寬度可為該等纖維之直徑的約1.5倍,或為該等纖維之平均直徑的約2倍。又,每一長絲中之沸石負載可藉由改變在該等長絲擠出之前混入該聚合物溶液之吸附劑粒子的量予以控制。
以本發明可獲致數個益處。該結構可與更傳統的經塗覆單塊結構相似地進行,但塗覆製程不一定必要。由於吸附劑已在該織物長絲中,將不需要以吸附劑塗覆該結構。因此,可避免在塗覆製程中固有的困難,諸如阻塞。該接觸器設計特有的另一益處係該織物中之迂迴通道的尺寸以及該結構之吸附劑負載(此二者均為對PSA/TSA的生產力而言重要的因素)可容易經由選擇適當床設計參數予以控制。例如,該織物吸附劑結構中之迂迴通道的尺寸可藉由該等長絲之直徑及該等長絲之填充密度控制;使用較小纖維的愈緻密填充可具有較小迂迴通道。如同可調整通過纖維之床的壓降,例如藉由控制該聚合物長絲直徑及填充密度,可調整該等吸附劑及纖維迅速吸附及解吸之能力。此外,改變在該等長絲擠出之前混入該聚合物溶液的吸附劑粒子之量可容許控制每一長絲中的沸石負載。該設計的另一重要優點可為與纖維技術相關的規模經濟;纖維紡絲技術已完善地確立及充分理解。隨著需求增加,該等床的組裝可更便宜且簡單。另外,該接觸器設計可經修改以適合PSA及TSA二者的需要。
本發明之一實施態樣亦可包括吸附劑接觸器。該接觸器可包括氣體進料流入口及氣體進料流出口、複數個纖維、及介於該等複數個纖維之間的迂迴通道。如前文討論,該等纖維可為聚合物長絲或纖維,且具有分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子。該等吸附劑粒子可經由該聚合物之迂迴路徑而與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部 分流體連通。該接觸器可具有通過該室的中空管。在變溫吸附接觸器中,該等中空管可具有熱傳流體入口及熱傳流體出口,以及在該等中空管中的熱傳介質。接觸器之實例係示於圖5E及5F以及圖6E及6F。
本發明之一實施態樣亦可包括使用該等吸附劑床及接觸器的方法。該吸附劑床可為變溫吸附床或變壓吸附床,或其組合,包括快速循環變溫吸附床及快速循環變壓吸附床。該接觸器可用於相同程序。在一實施態樣中,本發明可包括吸附介質之成分的方法。該方法可包括使介質與複數個纖維及該等纖維之間的迂迴通道接觸,每個該等纖維包括聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,且該等吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。該介質之成分可從該介質經該等複數個纖維中之吸附劑粒子選擇性地吸附出來。該方法亦可包括在另一步驟中進一步解吸該介質的該成分。本文中基於便利起見使用用語「介質」,且大體係指流體、液體、氣體、溶液、懸浮液、粉末、凝膠、分散液、乳液、蒸汽、可流動材料、多相材料、或其組合。較佳地,該介質為氣體混合物。在一些實施態樣中,該介質可為煙道氣、天然氣、燃料氣、生質氣體、都市煤氣、廢氣、水、煤氣、空氣或含二氧化碳之介質。在一些實施態樣中,該成分可為CO2、SOx、NOx、H2S、及水。在較佳實施態樣中,該成分為CO2
實施例 實施例1:隨機填充之纖維的接觸器中之氣體流
可產生含有隨機填充之含有吸附劑纖維的接觸器並測量流過該接觸器的氣體。預期隨機填充之纖維的床中之氣體通道的迂迴度大;因此會考慮通過該床的壓降。圖8顯示通過隨機填充的長絲之壓降與該填充的實心體分率之間的關係。顯示之計算為在20ft/s下於15巴以及23℃下的氮流動。在上述條件下,典型單塊PSA床設計可在28%之沸石負載下提供19psi/m的壓降。假設為具有50體積%之沸石負載的纖維,圖8顯示在19psi/m下,由具有300微米直徑之隨機填充的纖維組成之床會具有22.5%之沸石負載,此與單塊式設計的負載相似。
實施例2:用於變壓吸附程序之織物設計
可產生包含含有吸附劑之單絲纖維的編織織物之接觸器,並計算該織物周圍之氣體流的性質。表1中之實施例2.1及2.2的織物可具有緊密編織之平紋組織圖案,其中經紗交替地在每一緯紗(左)上方然後是下方,然而實施例2.3可具有纖維間具有10微米間隙的較鬆編織物組織。
實施例3:用於變溫吸附程序之織物設計
可產生包含含有吸附劑之單絲纖維的編織織物之接觸器,並計算該織物周圍之氣體流的性質。表2所示之實施例3.1及3.2每一者顯示具有取密編織之平紋組織圖案的織物,其中經紗交替在每一緯紗上方然後在下方。該織物可具有如上圖5及6中之間隔件或附接之中空管。在每一選項中,氣體可流過該捲起織物上方,在由該等間隔件或管所產生的空白區域中,但液體流之位置不一。在實施例3.1中,經紗之一部分可經液體可流過的中空聚合水密管置換。該等緯紗可為吸附劑/聚合物長絲,其中該等聚合物纖維構成少至該織物的50%。在實施例3.2中,液體流經作為間隔件之中空管,且該聚合物/吸附 劑長絲構成該織物的100%。在所有情況下,若有需要,一些該等纖維可經熱傳導纖維置換以提高熱傳。
下列公開案全文係全文引用之方式併入本申請案,以更完整描述所揭示主旨相關的當前技術。
實施態樣
額外地或替代地,本發明可包括以下實施態樣之一或多者。
實施態樣1:一種吸附劑床,該床可包含複數個纖維及介於該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道,其中每個該等纖維包含聚合物長絲及分散在聚合物內的吸附 劑粒子。
實施態樣2:吸附劑接觸器,該接觸器包含室、複數個纖維、及介於該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道。該室包含氣體進料流入口及氣體進料流出口。每個該等纖維包括聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,且該等吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。
實施態樣3:一種吸附介質之成分的方法,該方法包括:使介質與複數個纖維及該等纖維之間的迂迴通道接觸,以及以該等複數個纖維選擇性吸附該介質成分。每個該等纖維包括聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,且該等吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。該方法可另外包括從該等複數個纖維解吸該介質的成分。該方法可另外包括重複該吸附及解吸步驟。
實施態樣4:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該吸附劑床、接觸器或方法為快速循環吸附劑床、接觸器或方法。該吸附劑床、接觸器或方法可為具有動力分離之快速循環吸附劑。
實施態樣5:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該吸附劑床接觸器或方法為變壓吸附劑床、接觸器或方法、變溫吸附劑床、接觸器或方法、或其組合。該床或接觸器可包括中空管,該等管具有熱傳流體入口及熱傳流體出口,以及熱傳介質。
實施態樣6:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該聚合物長絲包含多孔聚合物或在多孔聚合物內包含迂迴路徑之聚合物長絲。
實施態樣7:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該聚合物內之吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。該流體連通可經由該多孔聚合物之迂迴路徑。
實施態樣8:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,該等複數個纖維形成編織織物或不織床。該等複數個纖維可隨機填充、螺旋纏繞、或編織成織物。該編織織物可為長絲之編織織物,該織物具有經紗及緯紗,且該編織織物在長絲之間的間隔中形成該等迂迴通道。
實施態樣9:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該聚合物長絲之編織織物可經封裝以形成或形成為接觸結構。該接觸結構可包括螺旋纏繞形、蛇紋形、圓形、或隨機形。
實施態樣10:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該接觸結構可包括介於約50微米與500微米之間、或介於約100至約400微米、或介於約100與約300微米、或約200與約300微米的間隔。該等間隔可藉由該織物上之間隔件或管形成,或可藉由該織物之自承性質控制。
實施態樣11:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附 劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該用於吸附/解吸之介質可包含煙道氣、天然氣、燃料氣、生質氣體、都市煤氣、廢氣、水、煤氣、空氣或含二氧化碳之介質,且從該介質吸附的成分可選自CO2、SOx、NOx、H2S、及水。
實施態樣12:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該長絲之吸附劑含量為至少10重量%、至少15重量%、至少20重量%、至少25重量%、或至少30重量%。
實施態樣13:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該平均長絲直徑小於約1000微米、小於約800微米、小於約750微米、小於約600微米、小於約500微米、小於約400微米、小於約300微米、或小於約200微米。
實施態樣14:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該吸附劑粒子之尺寸小於該長絲之平均直徑的約30%、或小於約25%、或小於約20%。
實施態樣15:如該等實施態樣任一者之吸附劑床、吸附劑接觸器及方法,其中該吸附劑粒子可為沸石、金屬氧化物、金屬有機骨架、沸石咪唑鹽骨架、或活性碳。較佳地,該吸附劑可為沸石。該沸石可為用於吸附程序的任何沸石,包括但不局限於沸石A、沸石X、沸石Y、MFI、DDR、ZSM-58、矽質岩、矽質岩、菱沸石、八面沸石、及該等骨架的變化。
應暸解的是本文所揭示之實施態樣及申請專利範圍在其應用中不局限於該說明所述及圖式中所圖示之構造及組件配置的細節。而是該說明及該等圖式提供預想的實施態樣之實例。本文所揭示之實施態樣及申請專利範圍進一步可為其他實施態樣且能以各種不同方式實施及進行。又,亦應暸解的是本文所使用之用語及術語係基於說明目的,不應視為對申請專利範圍之限制。
因此,熟習此技藝之人士將明暸本申請案及申請專利範圍所根據的概念可容易用作用於進行本申請案中所呈現的實施態樣及申請專利範圍的數個目的之其他結構、方法及系統的設計基礎。因此,重要的是本案申請專利範圍應視為包括此類等效構造。
101‧‧‧聚合物長絲
102‧‧‧聚合物
103‧‧‧吸附劑粒子

Claims (37)

  1. 一種吸附劑床,該床包含:複數個纖維,及介於該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道,其中每個該等纖維包含聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子;且其中該等複數個纖維係隨機填充、螺旋纏繞、或編織成織物。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該床為快速循環吸附劑床。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該聚合物長絲包含多孔聚合物。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該聚合物長絲包含在多孔聚合物內之迂迴路徑。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該聚合物內之該等吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該等長絲之該吸附劑含量為至少10重量%。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中平均長絲直徑係小於500微米。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該吸附劑粒子之平均粒度小於該長絲之平均直徑的30%。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該吸附劑床包含變溫吸附床。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該吸附劑床包含變壓吸附床。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該等複數個纖維形成隨機填充長絲的不織床。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該等複數個纖維形成螺旋纏繞長絲之床。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第1項之床,其中該等複數個纖維形成長絲之編織織物,該織物具有經紗及緯紗,且該編織織物在長絲之間的間隔中形成該等迂迴通道。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之床,其中該編織織物係經封裝以形成接觸結構。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第14項之床,其中該接觸結構包括介於約50微米與500微米之間的間隔件。
  16. 一種吸附劑接觸器,該接觸器包含包含下列之室:氣體進料流入口及氣體進料流出口;複數個纖維;及介於該等複數個纖維的纖維之間的迂迴通道;其中每個該等纖維包含聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,該等吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通,且其中該等複數個纖維係隨機填充、螺旋纏繞、或編織成織物。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該吸附劑接觸器係快速循環吸附劑接觸器。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該聚合物長絲包含內部具有迂迴路徑的多孔聚合物。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該接觸器為變溫吸附接觸器,且另外包含通過該室的中空管,該等管具有熱傳流體入口及熱傳流體出口,以及在其中的熱傳介質。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該吸附劑床為變壓吸附床。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該等長絲之該吸附劑含量為至少10重量%。
  22. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中平均長絲直徑係小於500微米。
  23. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該等複數個纖維形成隨機填充或螺旋纏繞長絲的不織床,其係隨意支撐在該室內的結構撐體上,且該等迂迴通道係形成於該等隨機填充的長絲之間。
  24. 如申請專利範圍第16項之接觸器,其中該等複數個纖維形成長絲之編織織物,該織物具有經紗及緯紗,且該編織織物在長絲之間的間隔中形成該等迂迴通道。
  25. 如申請專利範圍第24項之接觸器,其中該編織織物係經封裝以形成接觸結構。
  26. 如申請專利範圍第25項之接觸器,其中該接觸織物包括介於約50微米與500微米之間的間隔件。
  27. 一種吸附介質之成分的方法,該方法包含: 使介質與複數個纖維及該等纖維之間的迂迴通道接觸,每個該等纖維包含聚合物長絲及分散在該長絲內的吸附劑粒子,該等吸附劑粒子係與該吸附劑床之該等迂迴通道的至少一部分流體連通,且該等複數個纖維係隨機填充、螺旋纏繞、或編織成織物;以及以該等複數個纖維選擇性吸附該介質的成分。
  28. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其另外包含解吸該介質成分。
  29. 如申請專利範圍第28項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其另外包含重複該接觸及吸附。
  30. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該介質包含煙道氣、天然氣、燃料氣、生質氣體(bio gas)、都市煤氣(town gas)、廢氣、水、煤氣、空氣或含二氧化碳之介質。
  31. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該成分係選自CO2、SOx、NOx、H2S、及水。
  32. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該等複數個纖維形成隨意支撐於結構撐體上的隨機填充或螺旋纏繞之長絲的床。
  33. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該等複數個纖維形成長絲之編織織物,該織物具有經紗及緯紗,且該編織織物在長絲之間的間隔中形成該等迂迴通道。
  34. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方 法,其中該方法係變壓吸附程序。
  35. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該方法係變溫吸附程序。
  36. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該方法係快速循環吸附程序。
  37. 如申請專利範圍第27項之吸附介質的成分之方法,其中該方法係具有動力分離之快速循環吸附程序。
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US20170282114A1 (en) 2017-10-05
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AU2018256675A1 (en) 2018-11-22
EP3229938A1 (en) 2017-10-18
US9713787B2 (en) 2017-07-25
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US10464009B2 (en) 2019-11-05
US20160166972A1 (en) 2016-06-16

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