TW201624599A - 基板搬送方法及處理系統 - Google Patents
基板搬送方法及處理系統 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供一種基板搬送方法,係使用具有第1拾取器及第2拾取器之搬送機構,在熱處理室及與該熱處理室相異之其他室之間依序搬送基板的基板搬送方法,具有:將未處理基板保持於該第1拾取器,並搬送至該熱處理室之第1工序;將在該熱處理室熱處理之處理後基板保持於該第2拾取器,並將該第1拾取器所保持之未處理基板搬入至該熱處理室之第2工序;將該第2拾取器所保持之該處理後基板搬送至該其他室之第3工序;以及,將該其他室內之未處理基板保持於該第1拾取器,在該第2拾取器所保持之處理後基板搬送至該其他室後,讓該第1拾取器及該第2拾取器均成為未保持基板的狀態之第4工序。
Description
本發明係關於一種基板搬送方法及處理系統。
已知有一種對半導體晶圓(以下亦稱為「晶圓))依序實行各種薄膜處理(例如,成膜處理、改質處理、熱處理、蝕刻處理等),來在晶圓上形成多層構造之薄膜的半導體元件製造工序。
此般半導體元件之製造可藉由例如將複數處理室連結於1個共通搬送室,並可連續進行複數處理的叢集構造之處理系統來加以實現。相關構造之處理系統中,便提案有一種為了讓晶圓在各處理室進行處理而依序搬送至各處理室之搬送方法(參照例如專利文獻1)。
為了讓必要的處理能在各處理室連續且效率性地加以實行,最好能將晶圓有效地進行搬送。於是,上述處理系統中,便有為了有效率地搬送複數晶圓而使用具備雙臂之搬送機器人的情況。搬送機器人之雙臂各設有保持晶圓之拾取器。一邊的拾取器會保持未施以處理之未處理晶圓,並搬送至處理室。另邊的拾取器則是保持在處理室中已施加既定處理的處理後晶圓,並搬送至下個處理室。如此般,藉由搬送機器人所設置之兩個拾取器來各自保持晶圓,便可較具備單臂之搬送機器人所為之晶圓搬送更有效率地來搬送晶圓。
專利文獻1:日本特開2004-119635號公報
然而,從對晶圓施加熱處理之熱處理室所搬出之處理後晶圓乃為高溫狀態。因此,為了保持從熱處理室所搬出之處理後晶圓,雙臂(含拾取器)便需要由可耐高溫之材質所構成。
尤其是當一臂與其他臂之作用固定時,則施加至一臂的熱量便會與施加至其他臂之熱量不同。可能有例如,以一臂係搬送處理前之晶圓(以下亦稱為「未處理晶圓)),其他臂係搬送處理後之晶圓(以下亦稱為「處理後晶圓))之方式而固定各臂作用的情況。此情況,搬送處理後晶圓之臂溫的峰值便會較搬送未處理晶圓之臂溫的峰值要為高溫。此結果將無法讓晶圓搬送時之受熱量分散至雙臂,而讓搬送處理後晶圓之臂的劣化較搬送未處理晶圓之臂的劣化要早到來。
針對上述課題,本發明一面相目的在於降低基板搬送中之臂溫的峰值。
為了解決上述課題,依一樣態係提供一種基板搬送方法,係使用具有第1拾取器及第2拾取器之搬送機構,在熱處理室及與該熱處理室相異之其他室之間依序搬送基板的基板搬送方法,具有:將未處理基板保持於該第1拾取器,並搬送至該熱處理室之第1工序;將在該熱處理室熱處理之處理後基板保持於該第2拾取器,並將該第1拾取器所保持之未處理基板搬入至該熱處理室之第2工序;將該第2拾取器所保持之該處理後基板搬送至該其他室之第3工序;以及,將該其他室內之未處理基板保持於該第1拾取器,在該第2拾取器所保持之處理後基板搬送至該其他室後,讓該第1拾取器及該第2拾取器均成為未保持基板的狀態之第4工序。
依一面相,便可降低基板搬送中之臂溫的峰值。
1‧‧‧處理系統
2‧‧‧共通搬送室
6‧‧‧閘閥
8A,8B,8C‧‧‧裝載室
10‧‧‧搬入側搬送室
12‧‧‧導入埠
16‧‧‧搬入側搬送機構
16A,16B,16C‧‧‧拾取器(搬入側搬送室之拾取器)
18‧‧‧共通搬送機構(搬送機構)
18A,18B,18C‧‧‧拾取器(共通搬送機構之拾取器)
38‧‧‧緩衝機構
40‧‧‧控制部
a,b‧‧‧晶座
PM1,PM2‧‧‧熱處理室
圖1係顯示一實施形態相關之處理系統構成一範例的圖式。
圖2係顯示一實施形態相關之PM1及PM2搬送時間及處理時間一範例的圖式。
圖3係顯示一實施形態相關之晶圓搬送處理一範例的流程圖。
圖4A係說明一實施形態相關之晶圓搬送動作一範例之圖式(其1)。
圖4B係說明一實施形態相關之晶圓搬送動作一範例之圖式(其2)。
圖4C係說明一實施形態相關之晶圓搬送動作一範例之圖式(其3)。
以下,便參照圖式就用以實施本發明之形態來加以說明。另外,本說明書及圖式中,就實質性相同構成乃係賦予相同符號來省略重複的說明。
首先,參照圖1就本發明一實施形態相關之處理系統1的構成一範例來加以說明。如圖1所示,本實施形態相關之處理系統1係具有熱處理室PM1,PM2(以下亦統稱為熱處理室PM)。
熱處理室PM1,PM2係能對6片晶圓同時施以熱處理之半批次式程序腔室。各熱處理室PM1,PM2係對6片晶圓同時施以例如700℃左右的熱處理。另外,各熱處理室PM1,PM2中同時處理的晶圓片數不限於6片,亦可為1片或2片以上。
本實施形態相關之處理系統1會在含有熱處理室PM1,PM2之複數處理室間搬送晶圓。處理系統1所具有之複數處理室係含有熱處理室PM1,PM2、裝載室8A,8B,8C(以下亦統稱為裝載室8)及共通搬送室2。
多角形狀之共通搬送室2周圍係分別透過閘閥6連結有可真空吸引之兩個熱處理室PM1,PM2。熱處理室PM1係具有晶座b,並旋轉晶座b來將6片晶圓依序載置於室內。熱處理室PM2係具有晶座a,並旋轉晶座a來將6片晶圓依序載置於室內。共通搬送室2係透過可真空吸引之三個裝載室8A,8B,8C來連結有矩形狀之搬入側搬送室10。
裝載室8A,8B,8C與共通搬送室2及搬入側搬送室10之連結部係分別介設有閘閥6。搬入側搬送室10係連結有三個導入埠12及對準器14。導入不12會載置可收納複數片晶圓的匣盒。對準器14則會旋轉晶圓來光學性地求出偏心量以進行對位。
搬入側搬送室10設有搬入側搬送機構16。搬入側搬送機構16係具有保持晶圓的兩個拾取器16A,16B。拾取器16A,16B係可彎伸、旋轉、升降及直線移動。共通搬送室2係設有共通搬送機構(以下亦稱為「搬送機構18」)。搬送機構18係具有保持晶圓之兩個拾取器18A,18B。拾取器18A,18B係可彎伸、旋轉、升降及直線移動。三個裝載室8A,8B,8C係用作為將晶圓朝共通搬送室2內搬入之搬入口,或將晶圓朝共通搬送室2外搬出之搬出口。
共通搬送室2係設有用以將晶圓暫時性保持之緩衝機構38。此緩衝機構38係於上下移動之升降桿上端設置板狀之緩衝台,此緩衝台上突設有例如3根支撐銷,可以3根支撐銷之上端來支撐晶圓內面。但是,只要能將晶圓暫時性地載置的話,則緩衝機構38便可為任何結構。又,緩衝機構38不限於圖1所示之位置,亦可配置在共通搬送室2之任何位置。
控制部40係具有CPU41(Central Processing Unit)、ROM42(Read Only Memory)、RAM43(Random Access Memory)及HDD44(Hard Disk Drive)。控制部40會依照RAM43或HDD44記憶之配方所設定的處理順序及搬送順序,控制在熱處理室PM所實行之晶圓熱處理或熱處理室PM1,PM2與裝載室8A,8B,8C之間的晶圓搬送處理。另外,控制部40之機能可使用軟體來實現,亦可使用硬體來實現,亦可組合軟體及硬體來加以實現。
接著,參照圖2、圖3、圖4A~圖4C,就相關構成之處理系統1中的晶圓搬送方法來加以說明。圖2係顯示一實施形態相關之熱處理室PM1及熱處理室PM2搬送時間及處理時間一範例的圖式。圖3係顯示一實施形態相關之晶圓搬送處理一範例的流程圖。圖4A~圖4C係說明一實施形態相關之晶圓搬送動作一範例之圖式。圖3所示之晶圓搬送處理主要係由控制部40來加以控制。
以下中,係就將6片晶圓依序搬入至熱處理室PM1,同時將6片晶圓熱處理,再將6片晶圓依序搬出之工序來加以說明。因此,關於將6片晶圓依序搬入至熱處理室PM1,同時將6片晶圓熱處理,再將6片晶圓依序搬出之工序的說明因重複記載而加以省略。
如圖2所示,兩個熱處理室PM1,PM2中,係併行來施以熱處理。實行熱處理的前後,會進行晶圓的替換處理。晶圓的替換處理中,會進行處理後晶圓從熱處理室PM1及熱處理室PM2之搬出,未處理晶圓朝熱處理室PM1及熱處理室PM2之搬入。
例如,圖2所示之時刻t0中,熱處理室PM2係已搬入6片晶圓而在熱處理中的狀態。另一方面,時刻t0中,熱處理室PM1則是開始晶圓之替換處理的時刻,此時點並不存在有搬入至熱處理室PM1之晶圓。
相關狀況中,圖3的基板搬送處理開始時,在步驟S10中,控制部40會將未處理晶圓保持於拾取器16A或拾取器16B之任一邊的拾取器,並以搬送至熱處理室PM1的方式來加以控制。晶圓會從3個導入埠12中的任一者所設置之匣盒(含載具)被取出。晶圓會被保持在搬入側搬送室10所設置之拾取器10A或拾取器10B的任一邊,並被搬送至裝載室8A,8B,8C的任一者。
圖4A之「a」範例中,係透過3個裝載室8A,8B,8C中之裝載室8B來將未處理晶圓W01保持於一邊的拾取器(此處為拾取器18B),並搬送至熱處理室PM1的入口附近。
接著,在圖3之步驟S12中,控制部40會將未處理晶圓搬入至熱處理室PM1。藉此,例如圖4A之「a」所示,拾取器18B所保持之未處理晶圓W01便會被搬入至熱處理室PM1,並被載置於晶座b。
接著,在圖3之步驟S14中,控制部40會判斷使否已將6片未處理晶圓搬入至熱處理室PM1。此時點中,被搬入至熱處理室PM1之晶圓僅有1片未處理晶圓。因此,控制部40會判斷尚未將6片未處理晶圓搬入至熱處理室PM1,而回到步驟S10,將下一個未處理晶圓保持於一邊的拾取器,並實行步驟S10~S14之處理。
在步驟S14中,控制部40判斷已將6片未處理晶圓搬入至熱處理室PM1時,便會進入到步驟S16,將下一個未處理晶圓保持於一邊的拾取器,並搬送至熱處理室PM1之入口附近(第1工序的一範例)。
圖4A之「b」係顯示已將第1片~第6片之未處理晶圓W01~未處理W06搬入至熱處理室PM1,並在熱處理室PM1開始熱處理(圖2之時刻t1的時點),而下一個未處理晶圓W11則保持在拾取器18B之狀態。另外,圖4A之「b」中,雖係透過裝載室8B來取出未處理晶圓W11,但不限於此,亦可透過裝載室8A或裝載室8C來取出未處理晶圓W11。
圖4A之「c」係顯示在熱處理室PM1對6片晶圓W01~W06施以熱處理期間,拾取器18B所保持之未處理晶圓W11已被搬送至熱處理室PM1入口附近之狀態。
接著,圖3之步驟S18中,控制部40會判斷6片晶圓W01~W06的熱處理是否結束。控制部40在判斷6片晶圓W01~W06的熱處理結束時,便
會進入到步驟S20。控制部40在步驟S20中,會將已在熱處理室PM1施以熱處理之處理後晶圓保持於另邊拾取器(此處為拾取器18A),並將拾取器18B所保持之未處理晶圓搬入至熱處理室PM1(第2工序之一範例)。圖2之時刻T2的時點中,熱處理室PM1中已結束對晶圓的熱處理,並開始晶圓的替換處理。亦即,如圖4B之「d」所示,處理後晶圓W01會被保持在拾取器18A,拾取器18B所保持之未處理晶圓W11則被搬入至熱處理室PM1,並被載置於晶座b。
接著,圖3之步驟S22中,控制部40會將另邊拾取器所保持之處理後晶圓W01搬送至裝載室8(第3工序之一範例)。
接著,控制部40在圖3之步驟S24中,會判斷應實行熱處理之未處理晶圓是否有在匣盒內。控制部40在判斷應實行熱處理之未處理晶圓並未在匣盒內的情況,便會進入到步驟S26,將另邊拾取器所保持之處理後晶圓搬入至裝載室8,並結束本處理。
另一方面,控制部40在判斷有應實行熱處理之未處理晶圓的情況,便會進入到步驟S28,將未處理晶圓保持於一邊的拾取器,並將另邊拾取器所保持之處理後晶圓搬入至裝載室8。圖4B之「e」係顯示將未處理晶圓W12保持於拾取器18B,將處理後晶圓W01保持於拾取器18A,並搬入至裝載室8A之狀態。
接著,圖3之步驟S30中,控制部40會判斷6片處理後晶圓是否已從熱處理室PM1搬出。此時點中,係僅有1片處理後晶圓W01從熱處理室PM1搬出。因此,控制部40會判斷6片處理後晶圓尚未從熱處理室PM1搬出,而回到步驟S20,將下一個處理後晶圓保持於另邊拾取器,並實行步驟S20以後的處理。如此一來,在第2片處理後晶圓W02~第6片處理後晶圓W06從熱處理室PM1搬出為止,會實行步驟S20~S30的處理。藉此,第2片處理後晶圓W02~第6片處理後晶圓W06便會一片片地從熱處理室PM1搬出,並搬入至裝載室8。此期間的動作中,處理後晶圓係以拾取器18A保持,未處理晶圓則以拾取器18B保持。
圖3之步驟S30中,控制部40在判斷第6片處理後晶圓已從熱處理室PM1搬出時,便會進入到步驟S32,判斷是否為切換拾取器18A及拾取器18B之作用的時間點。亦即,判斷是否為以拾取器18B來保持處理後晶圓,
以拾取器18A來保持未處理晶圓的切換時間點。
例如,圖2之時刻t3的時間點,熱處理室PM1中已結束晶圓的替換處理,並開始晶圓的熱處理。另一方面,時刻t3的時間點,熱處理室PM2中則是晶圓的熱處理中。亦即,圖2之時刻t3至時刻t4期間,熱處理室PM1及熱處理室PM2任一者均未使用到搬送機構18。此期間,搬送機構18係在等待熱處理室PM1及熱處理室PM2之晶圓熱處理結束的待機狀態。
另一方面,圖2之時刻t1的時間點,熱處理室PM1中已結束晶圓之替換處理,並開始晶圓的熱處理。相對於此,時刻t1之時間點熱處理室PM1中已結束晶圓的熱處理,並開始晶圓之替換處理。亦即,圖2之時刻t1之時間點中,搬送機構18並非待機狀態。
依上述,在搬送機構18成為待機狀態之時刻t3~時刻t4的時間點,較佳係實行後述拾取器18A及拾取器18B作用之切換處理,而不降低搬送效率。這是因為在時刻t3~時刻t4的時間點,即便為了拾取器18A及拾取器18B作用之切換而使用搬送機構18,也不會產生晶圓搬送的延遲之故。
另一方面,在搬送機構18未待機狀態之時刻t1的時間點,最好是不要為了拾取器18A及拾取器18B作用之切換而使用搬送機構18。這是因為對通常之晶圓搬送有產生延遲的可能性之故。
依上述,控制部40在圖3之步驟S32中,在搬送機構18不是待機狀態之情況,會判斷為非切換時間點,而回到步驟S10,並且不切換拾取器18A及拾取器18B之作用而進行步驟S10~S30之處理。藉此,關於接著的6片晶圓,拾取器18B便會搬送未處理晶圓,而拾取器18A則會搬送處理後晶圓。
另一方面,控制部40在圖3之步驟S32中,在搬送機構18為待機狀態的情況,會判斷為切換時間點,並進入到步驟S34,將一邊拾取器所保持之未處理晶圓暫時性地載置於緩衝機構38。如此一來,如圖4B之(f)所示,拾取器18B所保持之未處理晶圓W21便會暫時性地載置於緩衝機構38。藉此,如圖4C之「g」所示,便可利用搬送機構18為待機狀態的期間,讓拾取器18A及拾取器18B均成為未保持晶圓的狀態(第4工序之一範例)。
接著,控制部在圖3之步驟S36中,會將緩衝機構38所載置之未處理晶圓保持於不是將未處理晶圓載置於緩衝機構38之拾取器的拾取器。藉此,
便會以拾取器18A保持未處理晶圓,而拾取器18B保持處理後晶圓之方式來切換拾取器的作用。
例如,如圖4C之「h」所示,拾取器18A會保持緩衝機構38所載置之未處理晶圓W21,而如圖4C之「i」所示,處理後晶圓W11則被保持於拾取器18B。如此一來,控制部40在將搬送未處理晶圓之拾取器及搬送處理後晶圓之拾取器在兩個拾取器間進行切換後,便會回到步驟S10,並重複步驟S10以後的處理。
以上,已就本實施形態相關之晶圓搬送方法來加以說明。搬送機構18所具備之雙臂中,在一邊臂搬送未處理晶圓,另邊臂搬送處理後晶圓的情況,施加於搬送處理後晶圓之臂的熱量會較施加至搬送未處理晶圓之臂的熱量要高。
尤其是對晶圓施以例如700℃左右高溫熱處理的情況,從熱處理室所搬出之處理後晶圓會相當地高溫。因此,在固定各臂之作用時,搬送處理後晶圓之臂側的溫度峰值會較搬送未處理晶圓之臂側的溫度峰值要高。此結果便無法讓保持晶圓之拾取器所受到的熱量分散至兩邊的臂,使得搬送處理後晶圓之臂的劣化會較搬送未處理晶圓之臂的劣化要早。尤其是,雖然搬送機構18的雙臂均是由可耐高溫之材質所構成,但搬送受熱量較高的處理後晶圓之臂的例如,手腕關節軸承等乃是對熱較弱的構件,故會劣化。
相對於此,依本實施形態相關之晶圓搬送方法,便可不固定化搬送機構18所具備之雙臂的作用來進行搬送。亦即,會在既定的切換時間點切換搬送未處理晶圓之臂與搬送處理後晶圓之臂。藉此,搬送中雙臂所承受的熱量便可分散至各臂,可降低雙臂中的溫度峰值。此結果,便可以延緩臂所設置之手腕關節軸承等之耐熱性較低構件的劣化速度。又,可降低構成各臂之構件所需要的耐熱等級。藉此,可降低構成臂之構件的成本。
又,依本實施形態相關之晶圓搬送方法,係在搬送機構18待機狀態時,將保持未處理晶圓之拾取器與保持處理後晶圓之拾取器在兩個拾取器18A,18B之間做切換。藉此,不會對晶圓搬送處理發生延遲,而可切換拾取器18A,18B之作用。
以上,已藉由上述實施形態說明基板搬送方法,但本發明相關之基板搬送方法並不限於上述實施形態,在本發明範圍內可為各種變形及改良。
上述複數實施形態所記載之事項可在不矛盾的範圍下加以組合。
例如,本發明相關之基板搬送方法中,切換保持未處理晶圓之拾取器與保持處理後晶圓之拾取器的切換時間點不限於搬送機構為待機的狀態。亦即,上述切換時間點亦可為搬送機構不是為待機的狀態。
又,例如本發明中對基板所實行的熱處理,只要是對基板施加熱量的處理,亦可以為熱處理室內在700℃以下所進行的基板處理。又,本發明中對基板實行的熱處理可包含有電漿處理、其他藉由熱的處理。
又,本發明相關之基板不限於晶圓,亦可為例如平面顯示器(Flat Panel Display)用之大型基板、EL元件或太陽電池用之基板。
本國際申請案係基於2014年9月19日所申請之日本特願2014-191649號而主張優先權,並將其所有內容援用於本國際申請案。
S10‧‧‧將未處理基板保持於一邊拾取器並搬送至PM1
S12‧‧‧將未處理晶圓搬入至PM1
S14‧‧‧是否已搬入第6片未處理晶圓?
S16‧‧‧將未處理基板保持於一邊拾取器並搬送至PM1
S18‧‧‧是否結束熱處理?
S20‧‧‧將處理後晶圓保持於另邊拾取器,將一邊拾取器所保持之未處理晶圓搬入至PM1
S22‧‧‧將另邊拾取器所保持之處理後晶圓搬送至裝載室
S24‧‧‧是否有未處理晶圓?
S26‧‧‧將另邊拾取器所保持之處理後晶圓搬出至裝載室
S28‧‧‧將未處理晶圓保持於一邊拾取器,將另邊拾取器所保持之處理後晶圓搬出至裝載室
S30‧‧‧是否已搬出第6片處理後晶圓?
S32‧‧‧切換時間點?
S34‧‧‧將一邊拾取器所保持之未處理晶圓載置於緩衝機構
S36‧‧‧將未處理晶圓保持在未置放於緩衝機構之拾取器的拾取器,切換保持未處理晶圓之拾取器
Claims (7)
- 一種基板搬送方法,係使用具有第1拾取器及第2拾取器之搬送機構,在熱處理室及與該熱處理室相異之其他室之間依序搬送基板的基板搬送方法,具有:將未處理基板保持於該第1拾取器,並搬送至該熱處理室之第1工序;將在該熱處理室熱處理之處理後基板保持於該第2拾取器,從該熱處理室搬出,並將該第1拾取器所保持之未處理基板搬入至該熱處理室之第2工序;將該第2拾取器所保持之該處理後基板搬送至該其他室之第3工序;以及,將該其他室內之未處理基板保持於該第1拾取器,在該第2拾取器所保持之處理後基板搬送至該其他室後,讓該第1拾取器及該第2拾取器均成為未保持基板的狀態之第4工序。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之基板搬送方法,其中在該第4工序後,係具有將未處理基板保持於該第2拾取器,將保持未處理基板及處理後基板之拾取器在該第1拾取器及該第2拾取器之間做切換之第5工序。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之基板搬送方法,其中該第4工序係在該熱處理室中實行基板熱處理期間所進行。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之基板搬送方法,其中該熱處理室中係同時進行複數基板的熱處理,該第4工序係在該同時進行熱處理的複數基板中,該第2拾取器最後所保持之該處理後基板搬入至該其他室後,讓該第1拾取器及該第2拾取器均成為未保持基板的狀態。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之基板搬送方法,其中該第4工序係將該第1拾取器所保持之未處理基板暫時性地載置於緩衝機構,來讓該第1拾取器及該第2拾取器均成為未保持基板的狀態。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之基板搬送方法,其中該熱處理室係設有複數個,該第4工序係在複數該熱處理室中實行基板熱處理期間所進行。
- 一種處理系統,係使用如申請專利範圍第1項之具有第1工序至第4工序的基板搬送方法,在熱處理室及與該熱處理室相異之其他室之間依序搬送來對基板施以熱處理。
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