TW201620981A - 含有經芳香族羥甲基化合物反應之酚醛樹脂的阻劑下層膜形成組成物 - Google Patents
含有經芳香族羥甲基化合物反應之酚醛樹脂的阻劑下層膜形成組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201620981A TW201620981A TW104125608A TW104125608A TW201620981A TW 201620981 A TW201620981 A TW 201620981A TW 104125608 A TW104125608 A TW 104125608A TW 104125608 A TW104125608 A TW 104125608A TW 201620981 A TW201620981 A TW 201620981A
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- aromatic
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Abstract
本發明課題為提供一種微影術用阻劑下層膜,其係具有表現出良好的塗佈成膜性所需的對阻劑溶劑(微影術所使用的溶劑)的高溶解性以及與阻劑相比,較小的乾式蝕刻速度的選擇比。
課題解決手段為一種阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其係含有酚醛樹脂,該酚醛樹脂含有藉由芳香族化合物(A)之芳香族環與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應所得到的構造體(C)。芳香族化合物(A)是用來構成酚醛樹脂所含的構造體(C)之成分。含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)係由式(1)所表示。
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含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)為2-羥苄醇、4-羥苄醇、或2,6-二第三丁基-4-羥甲基酚。
Description
本發明關於一種在半導體基板加工時有效之微影術用阻劑下層膜形成組成物,以及使用該阻劑下層膜形成組成物的阻劑圖型之形成方法、及半導體裝置的製造方法。
以往半導體裝置的製造之中,是使用光阻組成物的微影術來進行微細加工。前述微細加工,是在矽晶圓等的被加工基板上形成光阻組成物的薄膜,透過於其上描繪了半導體裝置的圖型的光罩圖型,照射紫外線等的活性光線而使其顯像,以所得到的光阻圖型作為保護膜,對矽晶圓等的被加工基板實施蝕刻處理的加工法。然而近年來,半導體裝置朝向高積體化發展,所使用的活性光線也逐漸從KrF準分子雷射(248nm)短波長化而成為ArF準分子雷射(193nm)。隨著如此,活性光線在基板上發生的漫
射或駐波的影響會成為嚴重問題,於是在光阻與被加工基板之間設置抗反射膜(Bottom Anti-Reflection Coating,BARC)的方法一直以來都被廣泛採用。另外,為了達到進一步的微細加工,也正在開發利用極遠紫外線(EUV,13.5nm)或電子束(EB)作為活性光線的微影技術。在EUV微影術或EB微影術中,一般而言並不需要為了使基板不會發生漫射或駐波而使用特定的抗反射膜,然而目前正開始廣泛檢討以阻劑下層膜作為改善阻劑圖型的解像性或密著性的輔助膜。
另一方面,隨著阻劑圖型朝向微細化發展,必須使阻劑薄膜化。這是微細化造成解像度降低或所形成的阻劑圖型容易崩壞的緣故。因此,不易維持基板加工所須的阻劑圖型膜厚,不僅是阻劑圖型,在阻劑與加工的半導體基板之間製作的阻劑下層膜,在基板加工時也必須具有作為光罩的機能。為了使這種阻劑薄膜化,而採用至少形成2層阻劑下層膜並使用該阻劑下層膜作為蝕刻光罩的微影術程序。這種薄膜阻劑,可使用在藉由蝕刻程序將阻劑圖型轉印至該下層膜,以該下層膜作為光罩進行基板加工的程序,或以蝕刻程序將阻劑圖型轉印至該下層膜,進一步使用不同的蝕刻氣體將轉印至下層膜的圖型重覆轉印至該下層膜的過程,最後進行基板加工的程序。微影術程序用的阻劑下層膜,需要對於乾式蝕刻步驟中使用的蝕刻氣體(例如碳氟化合物)具有高耐蝕刻性。
上述阻劑下層膜用的聚合物,可例示以下文
獻揭示的組成物。
使用聚羥甲基咔唑的阻劑下層膜形成組成物(參考專利文獻1,專利文獻2、及專利文獻3)。
使用茀苯酚酚醛樹脂的阻劑下層膜形成組成物(參考專利文獻4)。
使用茀萘酚酚醛樹脂的阻劑下層膜形成組成物(參考專利文獻5)。
含有以茀苯酚與芳香基伸烷基為重複單元的樹脂的阻劑下層膜形成組成物(參考專利文獻6及專利文獻7)。
使用咔唑酚醛的阻劑下層膜形成組成物(參考專利文獻8)。
使用多核苯酚酚醛的阻劑下層膜形成組成物(參考專利文獻9)。
[專利文獻1]日本特開平2-293850號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開平1-154050號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開平2-22657號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特開2005-128509號公報
[專利文獻5]日本特開2007-199653號公報
[專利文獻6]日本特開2007-178974號公報
[專利文獻7]美國專利第7378217號說明書
[專利文獻8]國際公開小冊子WO2010/147155號
[專利文獻9]日本特開2006-259249號公報
從生產性、經濟性的觀點看來,前述阻劑下層膜形成組成物與阻劑組成物同樣地,也希望使用旋轉塗佈機塗佈在矽晶圓上並且成膜。但是為了使這種塗佈型阻劑下層膜形成組成物具有良好的塗佈性,必須使阻劑下層膜形成組成物主要成分的聚合物樹脂、交聯劑、交聯觸媒等溶於適當的溶劑。這種溶劑可列舉阻劑形成組成物所使用的丙二醇單甲醚(PGME)或丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯(PGMEA)、環己酮等作為代表性的溶劑,阻劑下層膜形成組成物,必須在這些溶劑中具有良好的溶解性。
本發明是為了解決這樣的課題而完成,可提供一種的微影術用阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其係具有表現出良好的塗佈成膜性所需要的在阻劑溶劑(微影術所使用的溶劑)中的高溶解性,以及與阻劑相比,較小的乾式蝕刻速度選擇比。另外,本發明目的還有提供使用該阻劑下層膜形成組成物之阻劑圖型的形成方法、及半導體裝置的製造方法。
本發明的第1觀點為一種阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其係含有酚醛樹脂,該酚醛樹脂含有藉由芳香族化
合物(A)的芳香族環與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應所得到的構造體(C),第2觀點為如第1觀點所記載的阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述芳香族化合物(A)為用來構成酚醛樹脂所含的構造體(C)的成分,第3觀點為如第1或第2觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)為由式(1)所表示之化合物:
(式(1)中,Ar1表示碳原子數6至40之芳香基,R1表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、碳原子數2至10之烯基、碳原子數2至10之炔基、碳原子數6至40之芳香基、羥基、氰基、硝基、胺基、羧基、乙醯基、鹵甲基、-Y-Z、鹵素原子、或該等的組合。Y表示氧原子、硫原子、羰基、或酯基,Z表示碳原子數1至10之烷基。R2表示氫原子或甲基。R3、R"分別表示氫原子、碳原子數1至10之烷基、碳原子數2至10之烯基、氰基、或烷基胺基。m為0至(4+2n)之整數,n表示芳香基Ar1所具有的
苯環的縮合度)。
第4觀點為如第1至3之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)為2-羥苄醇、4-羥苄醇、或2,6-二第三丁基-4-羥甲基酚,第5觀點為如第1至4之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述構造體(C)具有由式(2)所表示之構造:
(式(2)中,Ar1、R1、R3、R4及m與式(1)相同,A1為芳香族化合物(A)之芳香族環或酚醛樹脂之芳香族環)。
第6觀點為如第1至5之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述芳香族化合物(A)為芳香族胺或含酚性羥基的化合物,第7觀點為如第1至6觀點之中任一者所記載之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述酚醛樹脂係藉由芳香族胺或含酚性羥基的化合物與醛或酮的反應所產生的樹脂,第8觀點為如第7觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述芳香族胺為苯基吲哚或苯基萘胺,第9觀點為如第7觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其
中前述含酚性羥基的化合物為酚、二羥基苯、三羥基苯、羥基萘、二羥基萘、三羥基萘、參(4-羥苯基)甲烷、參(4-羥苯基)乙烷、或1,1,2,2-肆(4-羥苯基)乙烷,第10觀點如第7至9之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述醛為萘醛或芘甲醛,第11觀點如第1至10之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中進一步含有溶劑,第12觀點如第1至11之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中進一步含有酸及/或酸產生劑,第13觀點如第1至12之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中進一步含有交聯劑,第14觀點為一種半導體之製造所使用的阻劑圖型的形成方法,其係包括將如第1至13之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物塗佈在半導體基板上並且燒成,而形成下層膜之步驟,第15觀點為一種半導體裝置的製造方法,其係包含在半導體基板上藉由如第1至13之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物形成下層膜之步驟;於其上形成阻劑膜之步驟;藉由光或電子束的照射與顯像形成阻劑圖型之步驟;藉由該阻劑圖型蝕刻該下層膜之步驟;及藉由圖型化的下層膜將半導體基板加工之步驟,第16觀點為一種半導體裝置的製造方法,其係包含:在半導體基板上藉由如第1至13之任一觀點之阻劑下層膜形成組成物形成下層膜之步驟;於其上形成硬式光
罩之步驟;進一步於其上形成阻劑膜之步驟;藉由光或電子束的照射與顯像形成阻劑圖型之步驟;藉由該阻劑圖型蝕刻硬式光罩之步驟;藉由圖型化的硬式光罩蝕刻該下層膜之步驟;及藉由圖型化的下層膜,將半導體基板加工之步驟,以及第17觀點如第16觀點之製造方法,其中前述硬式光罩係由無機物的蒸鍍膜所構成。
本發明之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,為了達成前述阻劑膜的薄膜化而至少形成了兩層阻劑下層膜,對於使用該阻劑下層膜作為蝕刻光罩的微影術程序很有效,不僅如氟化碳般對於蝕刻氣體具有高的乾式蝕刻耐性,在使用本發明之阻劑下層膜對基板加工時,對於加工基板(例如基板上的熱氧化矽膜、氮化矽膜、多晶矽膜等)也具有充足的蝕刻耐性。尤其本發明之阻劑下層膜形成組成物是在阻劑溶劑中的溶解性高、旋轉塗佈性優異的塗佈型組成物。而且,由本發明之阻劑下層膜形成組成物所得到的阻劑下層膜,在製成被膜並且燒成之後,不會再溶解於這些阻劑溶劑。
本發明為一種阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其係含有酚醛樹脂,該酚醛樹脂含有藉由芳香族化合物(A)之
芳香族環與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應所得到的構造體(C)。
在本發明中,上述微影術用阻劑下層膜形成組成物含有上述樹脂與溶劑。而且可因應必要含有交聯劑、酸、酸產生劑、界面活性劑等。
此組成物的固體成分為0.1至70質量%、或0.1至60質量%。固體成分為阻劑下層膜形成組成物除去溶劑之後的總成分的含有比例。在固體成分中能夠以1至100質量%、或1至99.9質量%、或50至99.9質量%、或50至95質量%、或50至90質量%的比例含有上述聚合物。
本發明所使用的聚合物(樹脂),其重量平均分子量為600至1000000、或600至200000。
含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B),可例示含有具有式(1)的構造的羥甲基、或甲氧基甲基的化合物。
式(1)中,Ar1表示碳原子數6至40之芳香基,R1表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、碳原子數2至10之烯基、碳原子數2至10之炔基、碳原子數6至40之芳香基、羥基、氰基、硝基、胺基、羧基、乙醯基、鹵甲基、-Y-Z基、鹵素原子、或該等的組合。Y表示氧原子、硫原子、羰基、酯基,Z表示碳原子數1至10之烷基。R2表示氫原子或甲基。R3、R4分別表示氫原子、碳原子數1至10之烷基、碳原子數2至10之烯基、氰基、或烷基胺基。m為0至(4+2n)之整數,n表示芳香基Ar1所具有的
苯環之縮合度。
上述烷基為碳原子數1至10之烷基,可列舉例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、環丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、環丁基、1-甲基-環丙基、2-甲基-環丙基、正戊基、1-甲基-正丁基、2-甲基-正丁基、3-甲基-正丁基、1,1-二甲基-正丙基、1,2-二甲基-正丙基、2,2-二甲基-正丙基、1-乙基-正丙基、環戊基、1-甲基-環丁基、2-甲基-環丁基、3-甲基-環丁基、1,2-二甲基-環丙基、2,3-二甲基-環丙基、1-乙基-環丙基、2-乙基-環丙基、正己基、1-甲基-正戊基、2-甲基-正戊基、3-甲基-正戊基、4-甲基-正戊基、1,1-二甲基-正丁基、1,2-二甲基-正丁基、1,3-二甲基-正丁基、2,2-二甲基-正丁基、2,3-二甲基-正丁基、3,3-二甲基-正丁基、1-乙基-正丁基、2-乙基-正丁基、1,1,2-三甲基-正丙基、1,2,2-三甲基-正丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基-正丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基-正丙基、環己基、1-甲基-環戊基、2-甲基-環戊基、3-甲基-環戊基、1-乙基-環丁基、2-乙基-環丁基、3-乙基-環丁基、1,2-二甲基-環丁基、1,3-二甲基-環丁基、2,2-二甲基-環丁基、2,3-二甲基-環丁基、2,4-二甲基-環丁基、3,3-二甲基-環丁基、1-正丙基-環丙基、2正丙基-環丙基、1-異丙基-環丙基、2-異丙基-環丙基、1,2,2-三甲基-環丙基、1,2,3-三甲基-環丙基、2,2,3-三甲基-環丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基-環丙基、2-乙基-1-甲基-環丙基、2-乙基-2-甲基-環丙基及2-乙基-3-甲基-環丙基等。
上述芳香基為碳原子數6至40之芳香基,可列舉例如苯基、鄰甲基苯基、間甲基苯基、對甲基苯基、鄰氯苯基、間氯苯基、對氯苯基、鄰氟苯基、對氟苯基、鄰甲氧基苯基、對甲氧基苯基、對硝基苯基、對氰基苯基、α-萘基、β-萘基、鄰聯苯基、間聯苯基、對聯苯基、1-蒽基、2-蒽基、9-蒽基、1-菲基、2-菲基、3-菲基、4-菲基及9-菲基。
上述烯基為碳原子數2至10之烯基,可列舉例如乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基-1-乙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基乙烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-正丙基乙烯基、1-甲基-1-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、2-乙基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、3-甲基-1-丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1-異丙基乙烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基2-丙烯基、1-環戊烯基、2-環戊烯基、3-環戊烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、1-甲基-1-戊烯基、1-甲基-2-戊烯基、1-甲基-3-戊烯基、1-甲基-4-戊烯基、1-正丁基乙烯基、2-甲基-1-戊烯基、2-甲基-2-戊烯基、2-甲基-3-戊烯基、2-甲基-4-戊烯基、2-正丙基-2-丙烯基、3-甲基-1-戊烯基、3-甲基-2-戊烯基、3-甲基-3-戊烯基、3-甲基-4-戊烯基、3-乙基-3-丁烯基、4-甲基-1-戊
烯基、4-甲基-2-戊烯基、4-甲基-3-戊烯基、4-甲基-4-戊烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-乙基-2-丙烯基、1-第二丁基乙烯基、1,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1-異丁基乙烯基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,2-二甲基-1-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、2-3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2-異丙基-2-丙烯基、3,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1-乙基-1-丁烯基、1-乙基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-3-丁烯基、1-正丙基-1-丙烯基、1-正丙基-2-丙烯基、2-乙基-1-丁烯基、2-乙基-2-丁烯基、2-乙基-3-丁烯基、1,1,2-三甲基-2-丙烯基、1-第三丁基乙烯基、1-甲基-1-乙基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-異丙基-1-丙烯基、1-異丙基-2-丙烯基、1-甲基-2-環戊烯基、1-甲基-3-環戊烯基、2-甲基-1-環戊烯基、2-甲基-2-環戊烯基、2-甲基-3-環戊烯基、2-甲基-4-環戊烯基、2-甲基-5-環戊烯基、2-亞甲基-環戊基、3-甲基-1-環戊烯基、3-甲基-2-環戊烯基、3-甲基-3-環戊烯基、3-甲基-4-環戊烯基、3-甲基-5-環戊烯基、3-亞甲基-環戊基、1-環己烯基、2-環己烯基及3-環己烯基等。
上述炔基可列舉例如乙炔基、炔丙基等。
在上述-Y-Z基之中,Y表示氧原子、硫原子、羰基、酯基,Z表示碳原子數1至10之烷基。
上述烷基胺基可列舉例如甲基胺基、乙基胺
基、正丙基胺基、異丙基胺基、環丙基胺基、正丁基胺基、異丁基胺基、第二丁基胺基、第三丁基胺基、環丁基胺基、1-甲基-環丙基胺基、2-甲基-環丙基胺基、正戊基胺基、1-甲基-正丁基胺基、2-甲基-正丁基胺基、3-甲基-正丁基胺基、1,1-二甲基-正丙基胺基等。
具有式(1)的構造而且含有羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)可例示如下。
含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B),宜為2-羥
苄醇、3-羥苄醇、4-羥苄醇、2,6-二-第三丁基-4-羥甲基酚、3-羥基-4-甲氧基苄醇、4-羥基-3-甲氧基苄醇、4-羥基-3-甲氧基-α-甲基苄醇、3-羥基-α-甲基苄醇、2-羥基-3-甲氧基苄醇、5-溴-2-羥苄醇、DL-4-羥基扁桃腈、辛弗林、(4-羥苯基)二苯基甲醇、3,4-二羥苄醇、3,5-二羥苄醇。
含芳香族環的芳香族化合物(A)可例示芳香族胺、及含酚性羥基的化合物。
芳香族胺宜為碳原子數6至40之胺,可例示例如苯胺、萘胺、苯基萘胺、苯基吲哚、及咔唑。適合使用苯基萘胺、及苯基吲哚。
含酚性羥基的化合物,可列舉碳原子數6至40的化合物,可例示例如酚、二羥基苯、三羥基苯、羥基萘、二羥基萘、或三羥基萘、參(4-羥苯基)甲烷、參(4-羥苯基)乙烷、1,1,2,2-肆(4-羥苯基)乙烷。
藉由芳香族化合物(A)之芳香族環與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應所得到的構造體(C),可列舉具有式(2)的構造的樹脂。
式(2)中,Ar1、R1、R2、m與式(1)相同,A1為芳香族化合物(A)之芳香族環或酚醛樹脂之芳香族環。
亦即,Ar1表示碳原子數6至40之芳香基,R1表示碳原子數1至10之烷基、碳原子數2至10之烯基、碳原子數2至10之炔基、碳原子數6至40之芳香基、羥基、氰基、硝基、胺基、羧基、乙醯基、鹵甲基、-Y-Z基、鹵素原子、或該等的組合。Y表示氧原子、硫原子、
羰基、酯基,Z表示碳原子數1至10之烷基。R2表示氫原子或甲基。R3、R4分別表示氫原子、碳原子數1至10之烷基、碳原子數2至10之烯基、氰基、或烷基胺基。m為0至(4+2n)之整數,n表示芳香基Ar1所具有的苯環之縮合度。
含芳香族環的芳香族化合物(A)與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應,宜為使上述(A)與上述(B)以1:0.1至8.0、或1:0.1至4.0的莫耳比進行反應。
芳香族化合物(A)是用來構成酚醛樹脂所含的構造體(C)的成分。芳香族化合物(A)可設計為芳香族胺或含酚性羥基的化合物。
芳香族胺可列舉苯基吲哚、苯基萘胺等。
含酚性羥基的化合物可列舉酚、二羥基苯、三羥基苯、羥基萘、二羥基萘、三羥基萘、參(4-羥苯基)甲烷、參(4-羥苯基)乙烷、1,1,2,2-肆(4-羥苯基)乙烷等。
前述酚醛樹脂,可由與含芳香族環的芳香族化合物(A)反應的任意醛或酮類而得到。
醛或酮類可列舉碳原子數6至40的醛或酮,可例示例如苯甲醛、萘醛、苯基苯甲醛、及芘甲醛,合適的物質可列舉萘醛、芘甲醛。
酚醛化的縮合反應與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的加成反應同時進行,這些反應所使用的酸觸媒,可使用例如硫酸、磷酸、過氯酸等的無機酸類、對甲苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸單水合物、甲磺酸等的有機磺酸類、
蟻酸、草酸等的羧酸類。酸觸媒的使用量可依照所使用的酸類的種類作各種選擇。通常相對於含芳香族環的芳香族化合物(A)的100質量份為0.001至10000質量份,宜為0.01至1000質量份,較佳為0.1至100質量份。
上述縮合反應與加成反應亦可在無溶劑環境下進行,而通常是使用溶劑來進行。溶劑只要不會阻礙反應,則全部皆可使用。可列舉例如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、四氫呋喃、二噁烷等的醚類。另外,所使用的酸觸媒如果像例如蟻酸般為液狀物質,則能夠兼具溶劑的功用。
縮合時的反應溫度為通常40℃至200℃。反應時間可依照反應溫度來作各種選擇,而通常為30分鐘至50小時左右。
如以上的方法所得到的聚合物的重量平均分子量Mw,通常為500至1000000或600至200000。
含有藉由含芳香族環的芳香族化合物(A)與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應所得到的構造體(C)之酚醛樹脂,其代表性的例子如以下所示。
本發明之阻劑下層膜形成組成物可含有交聯劑成分。該交聯劑可列舉三聚氰胺系、取代尿素系、或該等的聚合物等。宜為具有至少兩個交聯形成取代基之交聯劑,例如甲氧基甲基化甘脲、丁氧基甲基化甘脲、甲氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、丁氧基甲基化三聚氰胺、甲氧基甲基化苯并胍胺、丁氧基甲基化苯并胍胺、甲氧基甲基化尿素、丁氧基甲基化尿素、或甲氧基甲基化硫脲等的化合物。另
外還可使用這些化合物的縮合物。
另外,上述交聯劑可使用耐熱性高的交聯劑。耐熱性高的交聯劑,適合採用分子內具有芳香族環(例如苯環、萘環)之含有交聯形成取代基的化合物。
此化合物可列舉具有下述式(4)的部分構造的化合物、或具有下述式(5)的重複單元的聚合物或寡聚物。
上述R11、R12、R13、及R14為氫原子或碳數1至10之烷基,這些烷基可採用上述的例子。
式(4)及式(5)的化合物、聚合物、寡聚物例示如下。
上述化合物可從旭有機材工業股份有限公司、本州化學工業股份有限公司的製品取得。例如上述交聯劑之中,式(4-24)的化合物可從旭有機材工業股份有限公司的商品TM-BIP-A取得。
交聯劑的添加量可依照所使用的塗佈溶劑、所使用的底板、所需要的溶液黏度、所需要的膜形狀等而改變,相對於總固體成分為0.001至80質量%宜為0.01至50質量%、更佳為0.05至40質量%。這些交聯劑也會有自行縮合而發生交聯反應的情形,在本發明之上述聚合物中存在交聯性取代基的情況,能夠與這些交聯性取代基發生交聯反應。
在本發明中,可添加酸及/或酸產生劑作為用來促進上述交聯反應的觸媒。可摻合例如對甲苯磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、吡啶鎓對甲苯磺酸、水楊酸、5-磺基水楊酸、4-苯酚磺酸、樟腦磺酸、4-氯苯磺酸、苯二磺酸、1-萘磺酸、檸檬酸、安息香酸、羥安息香酸、萘羧酸等的酸性化合物、及/或2,4,4,6-四溴環己二烯酮、安息香甲苯磺酸酯、2-硝基苄基甲苯磺酸酯、其他有機磺酸烷基酯等的熱酸生成劑。摻合量相對於總固體成分為0.0001至20質量%,宜為0.0005至10質量%、更佳為0.01至3質量%。
為了使本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜形成組成物與微影術步驟中被覆在上層的光阻的酸度一致,亦可添加光酸產生劑。合適的光酸產生劑,可列舉例如雙(4-第三丁基苯基)錪鎓三氟甲磺酸鹽、三苯基鋶三氟甲磺酸
鹽等的鎓鹽系光酸產生劑類、苯基-雙(三氯甲基)-s-三嗪等的含鹵素化合物系光酸產生劑類、安息香甲苯磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺三氟甲磺酸酯等的磺酸系光酸產生劑類等。上述光酸產生劑相對於總固體成分為0.2至10質量%,宜為0.4至5質量%。
在本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜材料中,除了上述物質以外,亦可因應必要添加額外的吸光劑、流變性調整劑、接著輔助劑、界面活性劑等。
額外的吸光劑為例如「工業用色素的技術與市場」(CMC出版)或「染料便覧」(有機合成化學協會編)所記載的市售吸光劑,適合使用例如C.I.Disperse Yellow 1、3、4、5、7、8、13、23、31、49、50、51、54、60、64、66、68、79、82、88、90、93、102、114及124;C.I.Disperse Orange 1、5、13、25、29、30、31、44、57、72及73;C.I.Disperse Red 1、5、7、13、17、19、43、50、54、58、65、72、73、88.117、137、143、199及210;C.I.Disperse Violet 43;C.I.Disperse Blue 96;C.I.Fluorescent Brightening Agent 112、135及163;C.I.Solvent Orange 2及45;C.I.Solvent Red 1、3、8、23、24、25、27及49;C.I.Pigment Green 10;C.I.Pigment Brown 2等。
上述吸光劑的摻合比例,通常相對於微影術用阻劑下層膜材料的總固體成分為10質量%以下,宜為5質量%以下。
添加流變性調整劑,主要目的是提升阻劑下層膜形成組成物的流動性,尤其在烘烤步驟中提升阻劑下層膜的膜厚均勻性或提高阻劑下層膜形成組成物在孔內部的填充性。具體的例子可列舉酞酸二甲酯、酞酸二乙酯、酞酸二異丁酯、酞酸二己酯、酞酸丁基異癸基酯等的酞酸衍生物、己二酸二正丁酯、己二酸二異丁酯、己二酸二異辛酯、己二酸辛基癸基酯等的己二酸衍生物、蘋果酸二正丁酯、蘋果酸二乙酯、蘋果酸二壬酯等的馬來酸衍生物、油酸甲酯、油酸丁酯、油酸四氫呋喃甲酯等的油酸衍生物、或硬脂酸正丁酯、硬脂酸甘油酯等的硬脂酸衍生物。這些流變性調整劑的摻合比例,相對於微影術用阻劑下層膜材料的總固體成分通常為30質量%。
接著輔助劑,主要為了提升基板或阻劑與阻劑下層膜形成組成物的密著性,尤其為了使顯像時阻劑不會剝離而添加。具體例子可列舉三甲基氯矽烷、二甲基羥甲基氯矽烷、甲基二苯基氯矽烷、氯甲基二甲基氯矽烷等的氯矽烷類、三甲基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基羥甲基乙氧基矽烷、二苯基二甲氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷等的烷氧基矽烷類、六甲基二矽氮烷、N,N'-雙(三甲基甲矽烷基)尿素、二甲基三甲基甲矽烷基胺、三甲基甲矽烷基咪唑等的矽氮烷類、羥甲基三氯矽烷、γ-氯丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-胺丙基三乙氧基矽烷、γ-縮水甘油醚氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等的矽烷類、苯并三唑、苯并咪唑、吲唑、咪唑、2-巰基苯并咪唑、2-
巰基苯并噻唑、2-巰基苯并噁唑、尿唑、硫脲嘧啶、巰基咪唑、巰基嘧啶等的雜環式化合物、或1,1-二甲基尿素、1,3-二甲基尿素等的尿素、或硫脲化合物。這些接著輔助劑的摻合比例,通常相對於微影術用阻劑下層膜材料的總固體成分未滿5質量%,宜為未滿2質量%。
為了防止小孔或條紋等的產生,進一步提升對表面缺陷的塗佈性,本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜材料中亦可摻合界面活性劑。界面活性劑可列舉例如聚環氧乙烷月桂基醚、聚環氧乙烷硬脂醯醚、聚環氧乙烷鯨蠟基醚、聚環氧乙烷油醚等的聚環氧乙烷烷醚類、聚環氧乙烷辛基苯酚醚、聚環氧乙烷壬基苯酚醚等的聚環氧乙烷烷基芳香基醚類、聚環氧乙烷‧聚環氧丙烷嵌段共聚物類、去水山梨醇單月桂酸酯、去水山梨醇單棕櫚酸酯、去水山梨醇單硬脂酸酯、去水山梨醇單油酸酯、去水山梨醇三油酸酯、去水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯等的去水山梨醇脂肪酸酯類、聚環氧乙烷去水山梨醇單月桂酸酯、聚環氧乙烷去水山梨醇單棕櫚酸酯、聚環氧乙烷去水山梨醇單硬脂酸酯、聚環氧乙烷去水山梨醇三油酸酯、聚環氧乙烷去水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯等的聚環氧乙烷去水山梨醇脂肪酸酯類等的非離子系界面活性劑、Eftop EF301、EF303、EF352(Tochem Products股份有限公司製,商品名)、MegaFac F171、F173、R-40、R-40N、R-30N、R-40LM(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名)、Fluorad FC430、FC431(住友3M股份有限公司製,商品名)、AsahiGuard AG710、Surflon S-382、
SC101、SC102、SC103、SC104、SC105、SC106(旭硝子股份有限公司製,商品名)等的氟系界面活性劑、有機矽氧烷聚合物KP341(信越化學工業股份有限公司製)等。這些界面活性劑的摻合量,相對於本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜材料的總固體成分,通常為2.0質量%以下,宜為1.0質量%以下。這些界面活性劑可單獨添加或組合2種以上來添加。
在本發明中,使上述聚合物及交聯劑成分、交聯觸媒等溶解的溶劑,可採用乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚、甲基溶纖劑醋酸酯、乙基溶纖劑醋酸酯、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇、丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚醋酸酯、丙二醇丙基醚醋酸酯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲基乙基酮、環戊酮、環己酮、2-羥基丙酸乙酯、2-羥基-2-甲基丙酸乙酯、乙氧基醋酸乙酯、羥基醋酸乙酯、2-羥基-3-甲基丁酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、3-乙氧基丙酸甲酯、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯等。這些有機溶劑可單獨使用或將2種以上組合使用。
此外,還可混合丙二醇單丁醚、丙二醇單丁醚醋酸酯等的高沸點溶劑來使用。這些溶劑之中,丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、及環己酮等適合於整平性的提升。尤其宜為丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯。
本發明所使用的樹脂,在微影術步驟一般所使用的丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯等的溶劑中,可表現出高溶解性。
本發明所使用的阻劑是指光阻或電子束阻劑。
在本發明中,塗佈於微影術用阻劑下層膜上部的光阻,可使用負型或正型任一者,已知有由酚醛樹脂與1,2-萘醌二疊氮磺酸酯所構成之正型光阻;由具有因為酸而分解使鹼溶解速度上昇的基團的黏結劑與光酸產生劑所構成的化學增幅型光阻;由鹼可溶性黏結劑、因為酸而分解使光阻的鹼溶解速度上昇的低分子化合物與光酸產生劑所構成的化學增幅型光阻;由具有因為酸而分解使鹼溶解速度上昇的基團的黏結劑、因為酸而分解使光阻的鹼溶解速度上昇的低分子化合物與光酸產生劑所構成的化學增幅型光阻;骨架具有Si原子的光阻等,可列舉例如Rohm and Haas公司製的商品APEX-E。
另外在本發明中,塗佈於微影術用阻劑下層膜上部的電子束阻劑,可列舉例如由主鏈具有Si-Si鍵結且末端含芳香族環的樹脂與藉由電子束的照射產生酸的酸產生劑所構成之組成物;或由羥基被含有N-羧醯胺的有機基取代而成的聚(對羥基苯乙烯)與藉由電子束的照射產生酸的酸產生劑所構成的組成物等。後者的電子束阻劑組成物中,藉由電子束照射而由酸產生劑產生的酸,會與聚合物側鏈的N-羧醯胺氧基發生反應,聚合物側鏈分解成
羥基,表現出鹼可溶性,而溶解於鹼顯像液,形成阻劑圖型。這種藉由電子束的照射產生酸的酸產生劑,可列舉1,1-雙[對氯苯基]-2,2,2-三氯乙烷、1,1-雙[對甲氧基苯基]-2,2,2-三氯乙烷、1,1-雙[對氯苯基]-2,2-二氯乙烷、2-氯-6-(三氯甲基)吡啶等的鹵素化有機化合物、三苯基鋶鹽、二苯基碘鎓鹽等的鎓鹽、硝基苄基甲苯磺酸酯、二硝基苄基甲苯磺酸酯等的磺酸酯。
具有使用本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜材料所形成的阻劑下層膜的阻劑,其顯像液可使用氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、碳酸鈉、矽酸鈉、偏矽酸鈉、氨水等的無機鹼類、乙基胺、正丙基胺等的一級胺類、二乙基胺、二正丁基胺等的二級胺類、三乙基胺、甲基二乙基胺等的三級胺類、二甲基乙醇胺、三乙醇胺等的醇胺類、四甲基氫氧化銨、四乙基氫氧化銨、膽鹼等的四級銨鹽、吡咯、哌啶等的環狀胺類等的鹼類的水溶液。此外還亦可在上述鹼類的水溶液中適量添加異丙醇等的醇類、非離子系等的界面活性劑而使用。該等之中,合適的顯像液為四級銨鹽,更佳為四甲基氫氧化銨及膽鹼。
另外,顯像液還可使用有機溶劑,可列舉例如醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸異丙酯、醋酸丁酯、醋酸戊酯、醋酸異戊酯、甲氧基醋酸乙酯、乙氧基醋酸乙酯、2-庚酮、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚醋酸酯、乙二醇單丙基醚醋酸酯、乙二醇單丁醚醋酸酯、乙二醇單苯醚醋酸酯、二乙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯、二乙二醇單乙基醚醋酸
酯、二乙二醇單丙基醚醋酸酯、二乙二醇單丁醚醋酸酯、二乙二醇單苯基醚醋酸酯、2-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、3-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、4-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、3-乙基-3-甲氧基丁基醋酸酯、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚醋酸酯、丙二醇單丙基醚醋酸酯、2-乙氧基丁基醋酸酯、4-乙氧基丁基醋酸酯、4-丙氧基丁基醋酸酯、2-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、3-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、4-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、2-甲基-3-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、3-甲基-3-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、3-甲基-4-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、4-甲基-4-甲氧基戊基醋酸酯、丙二醇二醋酸酯、蟻酸甲酯、蟻酸乙酯、蟻酸丁酯、蟻酸丙酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、乳酸丙酯、碳酸乙酯、碳酸丙酯、碳酸丁酯、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、丙酮酸丙酯、丙酮酸丁酯、乙醯醋酸甲酯、乙醯醋酸乙酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸丙酯、丙酸異丙酯、2-羥基丙酸甲酯、2-羥基丙酸乙酯、甲基-3-甲氧基丙酸酯、乙基-3-甲氧基丙酸酯、乙基-3-乙氧基丙酸酯、丙基-3-甲氧基丙酸酯等。並且上述顯像液適合使用醋酸丁酯、2-庚酮等。
此外,在這些顯像液中亦可加入界面活性劑等。顯像的條件可適當地選擇在溫度5~50℃、時間10~600秒鐘。
接下來針對本發明之阻劑圖型的形成方法作說明,在精密積體電路元件的製造所使用的基板(例如矽/二氧化矽被覆、玻璃基板、ITO基板等的透明基板)上,
藉由旋轉塗佈機、塗佈機等的適當的塗佈方法來塗佈阻劑下層膜形成組成物,然後進行烘烤使其硬化,而製作出塗佈型下層膜。此處,阻劑下層膜的膜厚宜為0.01至3.0μm。另外,塗佈後烘烤(硬化)的條件為80至400℃、0.5至120分鐘。然後藉由直接在阻劑下層膜上塗佈阻劑,或因應必要使一層至數層的塗膜材料在塗佈型下層膜上成膜然後塗佈阻劑,透過既定光罩進行光或電子束的照射與顯像、清洗、乾燥,可得到良好的阻劑圖型。亦可因應必要在照射光線或電子束後,進行加熱(PEB:Post Exposure Bake)。接下來,將藉由前述步驟而使阻劑顯像除去的部分的阻劑下層膜利用乾式蝕刻除去,可在基板上形成所希望的圖型。
上述光阻的曝光光線,可採用近紫外線、遠紫外線、或極遠紫外線(例如EUV,波長13.5nm)等的光化射線,例如248nm(KrF雷射光)、193nm(ArF雷射光)、157nm(F2雷射光)等的波長的光線。照光時,只要是可由光酸產生劑產生酸的方法即可使用,並無特別限制,曝光量設定為1至2000mJ/cm2、或10至1500mJ/cm2、或50至1000mJ/cm2。
另外,可使用例如電子束照射裝置對於電子束阻劑進行電子束照射。
在本發明中,經過在半導體基板上藉由阻劑下層膜形成組成物形成該阻劑下層膜之步驟;於其上形成阻劑膜之步驟;藉由光或電子束的照射與顯像形成阻劑圖
型之步驟;藉由阻劑圖型蝕刻該阻劑下層膜之步驟;及藉由圖型化的阻劑下層膜,將半導體基板加工之步驟,可製造出半導體裝置。
今後若阻劑圖型朝向微細化發展,則會發生解像度的問題或阻劑圖型在顯像後倒塌的問題,而開始希望使阻劑薄膜化。但是卻因此不易得到足以進行基板加工的阻劑圖型膜厚,所以逐漸需要有一種程序,不僅是阻劑圖型,能夠使設置於阻劑與被加工的半導體基板之間的阻劑下層膜,在基板加工時也同樣具有作為光罩的機能。這種程序用的阻劑下層膜,與以往的高蝕刻率(蝕刻速度快)的阻劑下層膜不同,需要是具有與阻劑相近的乾式蝕刻速度的選擇比的微影術用阻劑下層膜,具有比阻劑小的乾式蝕刻速度的選擇比的微影術用阻劑下層膜,或具有比半導體基板小的乾式蝕刻速度的選擇比的微影術用阻劑下層膜。另外還可對這種阻劑下層膜賦予抗反射性能,使其兼具以往的抗反射膜的機能。
另一方面,為了得到微細的阻劑圖型,也開始使用阻劑下層膜的乾式蝕刻時阻劑圖型與阻劑下層膜的圖型線寬比阻劑顯像時更細的程序。這種程序用的阻劑下層膜與以往的高蝕刻率抗反射膜不同,需要是具有與阻劑相近的乾式蝕刻速度的選擇比的阻劑下層膜。另外還可對這種阻劑下層膜賦予抗反射性能,使其兼具以往的抗反射膜的機能。
在本發明中,在基板上使本發明的阻劑下層
膜成膜之後直接在阻劑下層膜上塗佈阻劑,或可因應必要使一層至數層塗膜材料成膜在阻劑下層膜上然後塗佈阻劑。
藉此,即使是在阻劑的圖型線寬變窄,為了防止圖型倒塌而被覆阻劑薄層的情況,藉由選擇適當的蝕刻氣體,也能夠進行基板的加工。
亦即,經過在半導體基板藉由阻劑下層膜形成組成物形成該阻劑下層膜之步驟;於其上形成由含有矽成分等的塗膜材料所產生的硬式光罩或由蒸鍍所產生的硬式光罩(例如氮氧化矽)之步驟;進一步於其上形成阻劑膜之步驟;藉由光或電子束的照射與顯像形成阻劑圖型之步驟;藉由阻劑圖型,以鹵素系氣體蝕刻硬式光罩之步驟;藉由圖型化的硬式光罩,以氧系氣體或氫系氣體蝕刻該阻劑下層膜之步驟;及藉由圖型化的阻劑下層膜以鹵素系氣體對半導體基板加工之步驟,可製造出半導體裝置。
本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜形成組成物,在考慮到作為抗反射膜的效果的情況下,吸光部位是被設置在骨架中,因此在加熱乾燥時,光阻中不會有擴散物,而且吸光部位具有夠高的吸光性能,因此防止光線反射的效果高。
本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜形成組成物的熱安定性高,可防止燒成時的分解物造成上層膜的污染,而且在進行燒成步驟時可具有充足的溫度裕量。
此外,本發明之微影術用阻劑下層膜材料,
可依照程序條件,製成具有防止光線反射的機能以及進一步具有防止基板與光阻的交互作用或防止光阻所使用的材料或光阻曝光時產生的物質對基板的不良影響的機能的膜來使用。
在2-苯基吲哚8.00g、1-芘甲醛5.72g、2-羥苄醇2.06g、甲磺酸0.36g加入丙二醇單甲醚29.96g,並在氮氣環境、130℃下攪拌24小時。將反應液滴入甲醇中,並將析出的樹脂過濾洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有式(3-1)的樹脂6.15g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1370。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯13.30g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在2-苯基吲哚8.00g、1-芘甲醛5.72g、4-羥基苄醇2.06g、甲磺酸0.36g中加入丙二醇單甲醚29.96g,並在氮氣環境、130℃下攪拌24小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾、洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得
到含有式(3-2)的樹脂5.52g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1100。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯13.30g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在2-苯基吲哚7.50g、1-芘甲醛5.36g、2,6-二第三丁基-4-羥甲基酚3.70g、甲磺酸0.34g中加入丙二醇單甲醚31.32g,並在氮氣環境、130℃下攪拌24小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾,洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有式(3-3)的樹脂6.45g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1510。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯13.30g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在苯基-1-萘胺10.00g、1-芘甲醛10.50g、2,6-二第三丁基-4-羥甲基酚5.39g、甲磺酸0.99g中加入1,4-二噁烷40.00g,在氮氣環境、回流狀態下攪拌24小時。將反應
液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾,洗淨後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有式(3-6)的樹脂15.58g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為2600。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於環己酮13.30g、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯5.70g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在2-苯基吲哚8.39g、1-芘甲醛10.00g、甲磺酸0.42g中加入丙二醇單甲醚5.64g、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯22.57g,並在氮氣環境、130℃下攪拌24小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾,洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有下述式(5-1)的樹脂15.10g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1200。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、環己酮13.30g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在苯基-1-萘胺11.00g、1-芘甲醛11.55g、甲磺酸0.48g中加入1,4-二噁烷17.27g、甲苯17.27g,並在氮氣環境、回流狀態下攪拌16小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,並將析出的樹脂過濾洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有下述式(5-2)的樹脂19.88g。另外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為900。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、環己酮13.30g,調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在2-苯基吲哚10.00g、1-芘甲醛7.15g、苄醇2.24g、甲磺酸0.45g中加入丙二醇單甲醚36.84g,並在氮氣環境、130℃下攪拌22小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾,洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有下述式(5-3)的樹脂9.70g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1270。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、環己酮13.30g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在2-苯基吲哚10.00g、1-芘甲醛7.15g、水楊醛
2.52g、甲磺酸0.45g中加入丙二醇單甲醚37.37g,並在氮氣環境、130℃下攪拌22小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾,洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有下述式(5-4)的樹脂9.84g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1360。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、環己酮13.30g,而調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
在間甲酚60.00g、37%福馬林水溶液27.00g、對甲苯磺酸單水合物1.60g中加入丙二醇單甲醚150g,並在氮氣環境、回流狀態下攪拌24小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,將析出的樹脂過濾,洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥。接下來,在所得到的樹脂12.02g中加入9-蒽甲醇4.13g、
THF28.80g、對甲苯磺酸單水合物0.52g,並在氮氣環境、回流狀態下攪拌24小時。將反應液滴至甲醇中,並將析出的樹脂過濾洗淨之後,在70℃下減壓乾燥,而得到含有下述式(5-5)的樹脂2.75g。此外,由GPC所得到該樹脂的標準聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為1470。
接下來,使所得到的該樹脂1.00g與界面活性劑(DIC股份有限公司製,商品名:MegaFac R-40,氟系界面活性劑)0.002g溶於丙二醇單甲醚5.70g、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯13.30g,調製出阻劑下層膜形成組成物。
將實施例1至實施例4、比較例1至比較例3所得到的樹脂調製成代表性阻劑溶劑的丙二醇單甲醚(PGME)30質量%溶液。此時,將樹脂溶解而能夠得到均勻溶液的情況定為溶解性「良好」,無法充分溶解而得到懸浮液的情況定為溶解性「不良」。將該樹脂的溶解性測試的結果揭
示於表1。
由表1的結果確認了實施例1至實施例4的樹脂與比較例1至比較例3相比,在代表性的阻劑溶劑的PGME中表現出較的高溶解性。
乾式蝕刻速度的測定所使用的蝕刻機及蝕刻氣體,採用以下的產品。
ES401(日本Scientific公司製):CF4
分別使用旋轉塗佈機將實施例1~4及比較例4、5所調製出的阻劑下層膜形成組成物的溶液塗佈於矽晶圓上。在熱板上以400℃燒成2分鐘,而形成阻劑下層膜(膜厚0.25μm)。使用CF4氣體作為蝕刻氣體來測定乾式蝕刻速
度。
另外同樣地使用旋轉塗佈機,將苯酚酚醛樹脂(市售品,由GPC所得到的聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量Mw為2000,多分散度Mw/Mh為2.5)溶液塗佈於矽晶圓上,在205℃燒成1分鐘,而形成塗膜。採用CF4氣體作為蝕刻氣體來測定乾式蝕刻速度。以205℃燒成1分鐘所得到的苯酚酚醛樹脂膜(膜厚0.25μm)的蝕刻速度定為1.00時,對於實施例1~4及比較例4、5的阻劑下層膜的乾式蝕刻速度與苯酚酚醛樹脂的乾式蝕刻速度進行比較。將結果揭示於表2。速度比為(阻劑下層膜)/(苯酚酚醛樹脂膜)的乾式蝕刻速度比。
在本發明所使用的含有構造體(C)的酚醛樹脂之中,含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)必須含有羥基。在(B)不含羥基的情況(比較例3),在溶劑中的溶解性不足。
另外,在芳香族化合物(A)採用含羥基的醛來製造酚醛樹脂的情況(比較例4),會成為由酚醛聚合物主鏈伸出的側鏈有羥基存在的構造,乾式蝕刻速度變高,作為硬式光罩的性能降低。
本發明所使用的聚合物之中,含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)被認為是存在於酚醛樹脂的末端,藉由使用具有這種構造的聚合物,可提升在溶劑中的溶解性,在塗佈於基板時,可防止異物造成溶解不良,而且在塗佈之後,硬化所得到的下層膜可表現出高蝕刻耐性,而具有良好的硬式光罩特性。
藉此,利用本發明之多層膜的微影術程序所使用的阻劑下層膜材料,不僅具有高乾式蝕刻耐性與抗反射膜機能,在阻劑溶劑(微影術所使用的溶劑)中的溶解性高,因此旋轉塗佈性優異,所得到的阻劑下層膜不會與表層塗佈的阻劑發生互混(inter-mixing),可抑制乾式蝕刻步驟造成阻劑下層膜波動現象(wiggling,圖型不規則彎曲)的發生,而達成更微細的基板加工。
Claims (17)
- 一種阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其係含有酚醛樹脂,該酚醛樹脂含有藉由芳香族化合物(A)之芳香族環與含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)的反應所得到的構造體(C)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述芳香族化合物(A)為用來構成酚醛樹脂所含的構造體(C)之成分。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)係由式(1)所表示的化合物:
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述含羥基的芳香族羥甲基化合物(B)為2-羥苄醇、4-羥苄醇、或2,6-二第三丁基-4-羥甲基酚。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述構造體(C)具有由式(2)所表示之構造:
- 如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述芳香族化合物(A)為芳香族胺或含酚性羥基的化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述酚醛樹脂係藉由芳香族胺或含酚性羥基的化合物與醛或酮的反應所產生的樹脂。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述芳香族胺為苯基吲哚或苯基萘胺。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述含酚性羥基的化合物為酚、二羥基苯、三羥基苯、羥基萘、二羥基萘、三羥基萘、參(4-羥苯基)甲烷、參(4-羥苯基)乙烷、或1,1,2,2-肆(4-羥苯基)乙烷。
- 如申請專利範圍第7至9項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中前述醛為萘醛或芘甲醛。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至10項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中進一步含有溶劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至11項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中進一步含有酸及/或酸產生劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至12項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物,其中進一步含有交聯劑。
- 一種半導體之製造所使用的阻劑圖型的形成方法,其係包含將如申請專利範圍第1至13項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物塗佈在半導體基板上並且燒成,而形成下層膜之步驟。
- 一種半導體裝置的製造方法,其係包含:在半導體基板上藉由如申請專利範圍第1至13項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物形成下層膜之步驟;於其上形成阻劑膜之步驟;藉由光或電子束的照射與顯像形成阻劑圖型之步驟;藉由該阻劑圖型蝕刻該下層膜之步驟;及藉由圖型化的下層膜,將半導體基板加工之步驟。
- 一種半導體裝置的製造方法,其係包含:在半導體基板上藉由如申請專利範圍第1至13項中任一項之阻劑下層膜形成組成物形成下層膜之步驟;於其上形成硬式光罩之步驟;進一步於其上形成阻劑膜之步驟;藉由光或電子束的照射與顯像形成阻劑圖型之步驟;藉由該阻劑圖型蝕刻硬式光罩之步驟;藉由圖型化的硬式光罩蝕刻該下層膜之步驟;及藉由圖型化的下層膜將半導體基板加工之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第16項之製造方法,其中前述硬式光罩係由無機物的蒸鍍膜所構成。
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JP (1) | JP6703308B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102417838B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN106662819B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI713462B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016021594A1 (zh) |
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TWI748087B (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-12-01 | 日商日產化學工業股份有限公司 | 使用茀化合物之阻劑下層膜形成組成物 |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108089406A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 东友精细化工有限公司 | 硬掩模用组合物 |
TWI748087B (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-12-01 | 日商日產化學工業股份有限公司 | 使用茀化合物之阻劑下層膜形成組成物 |
US11220570B2 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2022-01-11 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Polymer, hardmask composition, and method of forming patterns |
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TWI713462B (zh) | 2020-12-21 |
US11650505B2 (en) | 2023-05-16 |
WO2016021594A1 (ja) | 2016-02-11 |
KR102417838B1 (ko) | 2022-07-06 |
JPWO2016021594A1 (ja) | 2017-05-25 |
US20170227850A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
CN106662819B (zh) | 2021-06-25 |
KR20170042500A (ko) | 2017-04-19 |
CN106662819A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
JP6703308B2 (ja) | 2020-06-03 |
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