TW201603663A - 配線基板及其製造方法 - Google Patents

配線基板及其製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201603663A
TW201603663A TW104121259A TW104121259A TW201603663A TW 201603663 A TW201603663 A TW 201603663A TW 104121259 A TW104121259 A TW 104121259A TW 104121259 A TW104121259 A TW 104121259A TW 201603663 A TW201603663 A TW 201603663A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
layer
wiring
metal
metal terminal
wiring layer
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TW104121259A
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English (en)
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TWI680701B (zh
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六川貴博
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新光電氣工業股份有限公司
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/11Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
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    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
    • H01L23/498Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
    • H01L23/49827Via connections through the substrates, e.g. pins going through the substrate, coaxial cables
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    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
    • H01L23/498Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
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    • H01L23/498Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
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    • H05K3/40Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
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Abstract

配線基板具備:配線層、設置於配線層之面上而用於安裝電子構件的複數個金屬端子、以及被覆配線層上的形成有複數個金屬端子之面的保護層。配線層包括:晶種和形成於晶種層之上的金屬鍍層,金屬鍍層在俯視時具有與晶種層相同的大小。複數個金屬端子具有從保護層突出的上端和具有該上端的寬度以上的寬度的基端。保護層針對複數個金屬端子分別具有填角部。填角部朝向複數個金屬端子之中的相應的金屬端子的上端面延伸,與複數個金屬端子中之相應的金屬端子連接。

Description

配線基板及其製造方法
本發明有關於一種配線基板及配線基板的製造方法。
以往,半導體元件例如以覆晶式安裝而被安裝至電路基板上。在電路基板上設置有電極(襯墊)和阻焊膜。電極從形成於阻焊膜的開口部露出,在露出的電極上形成有焊料凸塊。藉由該焊料凸塊(solder bump)而使電路基板與半導體元件連接。另外,在其他電路基板上,形成有從阻焊膜的開口部露出的凸塊,凸塊藉由電鍍等而與電極連接。藉由該凸塊而使電路基板與半導體元件連接(例如,參照日本特開2007-103878號公報)。
但是,近年來隨著半導體元件的高集積化,半導體元件在配線基板上的連接端子的數量增大(多管腳化),此外還推進半導體元件的連接端子的窄間距化。因此,需要與這種半導體元件對應的配線基板。
本發明有關一種配線基板,具備:配線層;設置於前述配線層之面上,用於安裝電子構件之複數個金屬端子;以及保護層,被覆前述配線層中之形成有前述複數個金屬端子的面;前述配線層包含晶種層和金屬鍍層,前述金屬鍍層形成於前述晶種層之上,俯視時的大小與前述晶種層相同;前述複數個金屬端子具有從前述保護層突出的上端、以及具有該上端寬度以上之寬度的基端;前述保護層相對於前述複數個金屬端子分別具有填角部,該填角部朝向前述複數個金屬端子之中的相應金屬端子之上端面延伸,與前述複數個金屬端子之中的相應的金屬端子之側面連接。
本發明還有關一種配線基板的製造方法,具有電子構件用的金屬端子的配線基板的製造方法,包含:在絕緣層上形成晶種層的製程;形成第1光阻層的製程,第1光阻層將前述晶種層被覆,且在指定位置具有開口部;將前述晶種層作為供電層,在前述第1光阻層的開口部形成金屬鍍層的製程;去除前述第1光阻層的製程;形成將前述晶種層和前述金屬鍍層被覆的第2光阻層的製程,該第2光阻層具有使前述金屬鍍層的上表面的一部分露出的開口部;將前述晶種層作為供電層,在前述第2光阻層的開口部形成金屬端子的製程;去除前述第2光阻層的製程;將前述金屬鍍層作為遮罩,對前述晶種層進行蝕刻的製程;形成被覆前述金屬端子之樹脂層的製程;將前述樹脂層薄膜化而將前述金屬端子的上端露出的製程;以及將前述樹脂層硬化的製程。
[發明效果] 根據本發明的一觀點,可安裝已被實施窄間距化的半導體元件等電子構件。
以下說明各形態之半導體裝置。 另外,附圖有時為了便於理解而將構成要素放大示出。構成要素的尺寸比例有時與實物或其他圖不同。另外,在剖視圖中,為了便於理解,有時將一部分構成要素的剖面線省略。
如圖1(a)所示,半導體裝置1具有配線基板10、以及被安裝至配線基板10之一面(圖中上側之面)上的半導體元件60。該半導體裝置1被安裝至例如主機板等的基板上。
在本實施形態中,為了方便起見,在配線基板10中,將安裝半導體元件60的一側設為上側。另外,在配線基板10所包含的各構件中,將上側的面設為上表面。不過,配線基板10可以天地顛倒的狀態使用,亦可以任意的角度配置。另外,俯視係指,從安裝半導體元件60之面的法線方向觀看對象物,平面形狀係指俯視時的形狀。
配線基板10具有芯基板11。芯基板11係例如在作為補強材料的玻璃纖維布(玻璃織布)中含浸以環氧樹脂為主要成分的熱固性絕緣性樹脂並進行硬化而得到之所謂的玻璃環氧基板。
在芯基板11上,於指定位置形成有將上表面與下表面之間貫通的多個貫通孔11X。在各貫通孔11X內形成有將芯基板11的上表面與下表面之間貫通的貫通電極12。作為貫通電極12的材料,可使用例如銅(Cu)或銅合金。另外,貫通電極12可以通過在貫通孔11X的內表面(壁面)形成電鍍膜,在該貫通孔11X內填充絕緣樹脂而形成。
在芯基板11的上表面,依序積層有配線層21、絕緣層22、配線層23、絕緣層24、以及配線層25。在芯基板11的下表面依序積層有配線層31、絕緣層32、配線層33、絕緣層34、配線層35。作為配線層21、23、25以及配線層31、33、35的材料,可使用例如銅、銅合金。作為絕緣層22、24以及絕緣層32、34的材料,可使用例如環氧樹脂、聚醯亞胺樹脂等絕緣性樹脂、或在這些樹脂中混入了氧化矽或氧化鋁等填充物而得的樹脂材料。
在芯基板11上表面之配線層21中所含之複數條配線,分別藉由貫通電極12而與下表面的配線層31中所含之相應的配線電性接觸。 在芯基板11上方側,配線層23藉由形成於絕緣層22之通孔(via hole)的連接線(via)23V而與配線層21電性接觸。同樣地,配線層25藉由連接線25V而與配線層23電性接觸。
形成於絕緣層24上之配線層25包含被圖案化成指定形狀的複數條配線。另外,針對各個配線,作為配線層25進行說明。配線層25包含:被包含於與半導體元件60對應之區域(安裝區域)的配線層25a(第1配線層);以及不被包含於安裝區域的配線層25b(第2配線層)。在配線層25a上形成有複數個金屬端子27。亦即,配線層25a中之複數條配線分別形成有對應的金屬端子27。金屬端子27形成為例如圓柱狀。在該金屬端子27上,上端27c的寬度(直徑)為基端27d的寬度(直徑)以下。因此,金屬端子27之上端27c附近的側面不會比金屬端子27之基端27d附近(金屬端子27與配線層25a連接的部分的附近)的側面還向側方突出。另外,可將金屬端子27的形狀形成為四角柱狀或六角柱狀等角柱狀。金屬端子27的材料為例如銅(Cu)。另外,作為金屬端子27的材料,可使用鎳、錫、銀、金、鈀、鋁等、或其等合金。另外,在本實施形態中,在配線層25b上未形成金屬端子27,配線層25b被用於將例如配線層25a與內部的配線層23連接。另外,在不對配線層25a、25b進行區分的情況下,有時使用配線層25進行說明。
最外層的絕緣層24及配線層25的表面被阻焊層41被覆。各金屬端子27從阻焊層41的上表面41a突出。另外,圖中雖省略,配線層21、23、25的表面(圖中之上表面)、芯基板11的上表面、絕緣層22、24等的表面(圖中的上表面)、金屬端子27的上表面被粗糙化。
在芯基板11的下方側,於絕緣層32之複數個通孔分別形成有多個連接線33V,配線層33藉由多個連接線33V而與配線層31電性接觸。同樣地,配線層35藉由多個連接線35V而與配線層33電性接觸。最外層的絕緣層34及配線層35的表面被阻焊層42被覆。在阻焊層42上,於指定位置形成有多個開口部42X,配線層35從各開口部42X作為襯墊(pad)35a露出。另外,雖在圖中省略,配線層31、33、35的表面(圖中之下表面)、芯基板11的下表面、絕緣層32、24的表面(圖中之下表面)被粗糙化。
亦可在襯墊35a的表面設置表面處理層。作為表面處理層,可使用電鍍層或OSP膜等。作為電鍍層,可使用例如依序積層鎳/金、鎳/鈀/金的電鍍膜。作為OSP膜,可使用例如由咪唑化合物或唑類化合物構成的膜。
配線基板10的各金屬端子27藉由焊料71而與半導體元件60連接。亦即,半導體元件60被覆晶裝設至配線基板10上。填充樹脂72被設置成將配線基板10與半導體元件60之間的縫隙填充。作為填充樹脂72的材料,使用例如環氧樹脂等絕緣性樹脂。
另外,圖1(a)示出配線基板之一例。配線基板僅具有將配線層25和配線層35相互電性接觸的結構即可。因此,亦可是適當改變配線層之層數的結構,抑或可未形成配線層的結構。作為配線基板,可使用例如具有芯基板的帶芯增層(build-up)基板、或是無芯基板的無芯基板等。
如圖1(b)所示,配線層25a具有絕緣層24上的晶種層26a、以及形成於晶種層26a上的金屬鍍層26b。作為晶種層26a的材料,可使用例如銅、銅合金。作為金屬鍍層26b的材料,可使用例如銅、銅合金。晶種層26a藉由例如濺射法、無電解電鍍法形成。金屬鍍層26b可藉由例如將晶種層26a作為供電層使用的電解電鍍法形成。此外,與金屬鍍層26b相同,金屬端子27可藉由例如將晶種層26a作為供電層使用的電解電鍍法形成。
金屬端子27的上表面27a及上端27c的側面27b被表面處理層28被覆。表面處理層28係例如電鍍層。表面處理層28用以防止金屬端子27表面的氧化等。另外,作為表面處理層28,可以使用實施OSP(Organic Solderability Preservative:有機保焊劑)處理而形成的OSP膜。作為OSP膜,可使用由例如咪唑化合物或唑類化合物構成的膜。
作為電鍍層的材料,可使用例如鎳(Ni)、金(Au)、鈀(Pd)、銀(Ag)、或含其等金屬之合金。電鍍膜之層結構可為單層或多層。例如,電鍍膜可使用依Ni或Ni合金膜/Au或Au合金膜之順序積層而形成的電鍍膜。另外,電鍍膜可使用Ni或Ni合金膜/Pd或Pd合金膜/Au或Au合金膜、Ni或Ni合金膜/Pd或Pd合金膜/Ag或Ag合金膜/Au或Au合金膜、Ag或Ag合金膜、Ni或Ni合金膜/Ag或Ag合金膜、Ni或Ni合金膜/Pd或Pd合金膜/Ag或Ag合金膜等。
電鍍層中所含之Ni或Ni合金膜的膜厚較佳為0.5μm以上。電鍍膜中所含之Au或Au合金膜、Ag或Ag合金膜的膜厚較佳為0.1μm以上。另外,電鍍膜中所含之Pd或Pd合金膜的膜厚較佳為0.005μm以上。
在半導體元件60的電路形成面60a(圖中之下表面)形成有複數個襯墊60b。各襯墊60b經由焊料71與配線基板10的金屬端子27連接。該焊料71例如係形成於半導體元件60之襯墊的焊料凸塊。焊料凸塊藉由微球或焊料膏的塗布而形成於例如半導體元件60的襯墊。另外,凸塊只要形成於半導體元件60和配線基板10的至少一方即可。
複數個金屬端子27與半導體元件60的複數個襯墊60b分別相對應地配置成例如矩陣狀。此種複數個金屬端子27的排列間距(端子間距)為例如40~200μm(例如,150μm)。而且,金屬端子27的直徑(端子直徑)為20~150μm(例如,90μm),金屬端子27的高度(從阻焊層41之上表面41a的突出量、端子高度)為1~50μm(例如,10μm)。另外,配線層25a的厚度為5~20μm(例如,15μm)。阻焊層41的厚度(從配線層25a至阻焊層41之上表面41a的厚度)為5μm以上(例如,10μm)。
如圖1(c)所示,阻焊層41包括填角(fillet)部41b,填角部41b與各金屬端子27的側面27b連接,且從阻焊層41的上表面41a向金屬端子27的上端面27a延伸。亦即,填角部41b將金屬端子27的側面被覆。填角部41b的截面形狀係例如圓弧狀。該填角部41b抑制空隙、殘渣的產生。例如,在阻焊層41之各開口部上已形成金屬端子的情況下,阻焊層41之上表面41a與金屬端子27之側面27b的角度成為直角。該直角之角部在將填充樹脂72填充時殘留空氣而形成空隙。另外,在此種角部上,會由配線基板10的清洗或表面處理中的藥品而產生殘渣。
接著,說明在上述配線基板10中,配線層25a及金屬端子27的形成。 首先,圖案形成於圖1(a)所示的配線層25a。
如圖2(a)所示,以全面被覆絕緣層24之表面(上表面)的方式形成晶種層26a。作為晶種層26a的形成方法,可使用例如無電解鍍銅法或濺射法。
接著,如圖2(b)所示,在晶種層26a上形成在指定處具有開口部101X的電鍍光阻101。開口部101X被形成為使與如圖1(a)所示之配線層25a對應部分(區域)的晶種層26a露出。作為電鍍光阻101的材料,可使用具有耐電鍍性的材料。例如,作為電鍍光阻101的材料,可使用感光性的乾膜光阻劑或液態光阻劑(例如酚醛系樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂等乾膜光阻劑或液態光阻劑)等。在使用例如感光性之乾膜光阻劑的情況下,藉由熱壓著而將乾膜層壓至晶種層26a的上表面,藉由光刻法在前述乾膜上進行圖案化,從而形成具有開口部101X的電鍍光阻101。另外,即使在使用液態光阻劑的情況下,亦可經由同樣的製程來形成電鍍光阻101。
接著,形成圖1(a)所示的金屬端子27。 如圖2(c)所示,作為電鍍遮罩使用電鍍光阻101,藉由將晶種層26a作為電鍍供電層使用之電解電鍍法,在晶種層26a之上表面中的電鍍光阻101的開口部101X形成金屬鍍層26b。然後,藉由例如剝離法去除電鍍光阻101。
接著,如圖2(d)所示,在晶種層26a及金屬鍍層26b上形成在指定處具有開口部102X的電鍍光阻102。開口部102X形成為使與圖1(a)所示之複數個金屬端子27對應之部分(區域)的配線層25a(金屬鍍層26b)露出。作為電鍍光阻102的材料,與電鍍光阻101同樣地可使用具有耐電鍍性的材料、例如感光性的乾膜光阻劑或液態光阻劑(例如酚醛系樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂等乾膜光阻劑或液態光阻劑)等。
而且,如圖2(e)所示,作為電鍍遮罩使用電鍍光阻102,藉由將晶種層26a作為電鍍供電層使用的電解電鍍法,在金屬鍍層26b上表面之電鍍光阻102的開口部102X形成金屬端子27。
接著,如圖3(a)所示,藉由例如剝離法去除電鍍光阻102。接著,進行快速蝕刻(flash etching),在晶種層26a上,將從金屬鍍層26b露出的部分去除。由此,獲得由晶種層26a和金屬鍍層26b形成的配線層25a、以及配線層25a上的金屬端子27。
接著,形成圖1(a)所示的阻焊層41。 將圖3(a)所示之結構體的表面(配線層25a及金屬端子27的表面)粗化。作為粗化處理,可使用例如蝕刻處理、CZ處理、黑化處理(氧化處理)、噴射處理等。CZ處理係指利用蟻酸(formic acid)系溶液進行蝕刻處理。黑化處理(氧化處理)係指利用次氯酸鈉、氫氧化鈉、磷酸鈉等溶液進行氧化處理。通過該粗化處理,使配線層25a及金屬端子27的表面被粗糙化。
配線層25a以及金屬端子27之表面的粗度,藉由表面粗度Ra值表示係例如100~500μm的範圍(例如350μm)。藉由上述的粗化處理,配線層25a之側面及從金屬端子27露出之上表面的粗度大於配線層25a與金屬端子27之接合面的粗度。
接著,如圖3(b)所示,形成被覆配線層25a和金屬端子27的樹脂層110。該樹脂層110用於形成圖1(a)所示的阻焊層41。作為樹脂層110的材料,可使用例如環氧系樹脂等絕緣性樹脂。該樹脂層110通過將半硬化狀態的樹脂膜積層至結構體而形成。另外,樹脂層110使用液狀或膏狀的絕緣性樹脂藉由印刷法或旋塗法等而形成。而且,將樹脂層110的上表面110a平坦化。例如,藉由沖壓裝置對樹脂層110施壓,將上表面110a平坦化。
接著,如圖3(c)所示,對樹脂層110進行薄膜化處理。藉由薄膜化處理而使得樹脂層110的表面被粗化。作為薄膜化的方法,可利用乾噴、濕噴、採用鹼性溶液的溶解等方法。藉由對該樹脂層110實施薄膜化處理,從而使金屬端子27之上表面27a露出。另外,藉由該薄膜化處理中的處理方法、處理時間,而可控制金屬端子27的突出量。另外,藉由該薄膜化處理,形成圖1(c)所示的填角部41b。
接著,如圖3(d)所示,形成阻焊層41。該阻焊層41係以藉由紫外線(UV)照射、熱處理使上述的樹脂層110硬化而得到。阻焊層41之表面的粗度(亦即,硬化後之樹脂層110表面的粗度)以表面粗度Ra值表示為例如50~200μm的範圍(例如100μm)。
接著,進行表面處理。 如圖3(e)所示,進行金屬端子27表面之樹脂殘渣的去除處理。作為去除處理,可利用例如等離子處理(plasma treatment)、噴射處理、蝕刻處理等。作為蝕刻處理,可實施利用過錳酸溶液的蝕刻。然後,形成將金屬端子27的表面被覆的表面處理層28。作為表面處理層28的形成方法,可使用例如無電解電鍍法、電解電鍍法。
接著,說明上述配線基板10的作用。 另外,在此說明基於習知方法之金屬端子的形成。 在習知方法中,形成阻焊層,在該阻焊層上形成將最外側配線層之上表面露出的開口部。接著,在阻焊層上形成晶種層,形成被覆晶種層且在指定位置具有開口部的電鍍光阻層,藉由將晶種層作為供電層使用的電解鍍銅法,在電鍍光阻的開口部形成金屬端子。在該種方法中,對應於電鍍光阻相對於阻焊層的定位精度,金屬端子之大小將大於阻焊層的開口部之大小。另外,根據阻焊層和電鍍光阻的定位精度,有可能在金屬端子上產生偏移。另外,由於阻焊層上表面之晶種層的殘渣,將有造成發生短路等之虞。
本實施形態的配線基板10由於係在配線層25a上形成金屬端子27後,將被覆金屬端子27的樹脂層110薄膜化、形成阻焊層41,故可無關於阻焊層41之位置精度,以較佳的精度形成金屬端子27。另外,可將金屬端子27形成為柱狀。另外,可形成具有比基於習知方法的金屬端子小的上表面的金屬端子27。因此,可與狹間距化的半導體元件對應地形成小直徑的金屬端子27。
另外,由於在去除不必要的晶種層26a後形成阻焊層41,故不會在阻焊層41的上表面41a產生殘渣。因此,可防止發生上述不良情況。
如上所述,根據本實施形態將可發揮以下的效果。 (1)用於安裝半導體元件60的配線基板10具有配線層25a、以及形成於該配線層25a上的金屬端子27。配線層25a被阻焊層41被覆,金屬端子27的上端27c從阻焊層41的上表面41a突出。在金屬端子27上經由焊料71連接至覆晶裝設之半導體元件60的連接端子(襯墊60b)。若金屬端子27的上表面比阻焊層41的上表面41a低,則需要增高用於焊料71的凸塊等的高度。但是,若增高焊料等的凸塊,則相鄰之凸塊有可能因接觸等而短路。據此,利用使金屬端子27從阻焊層41之上表面41a突出,便可在不增大用於連接半導體元件60之凸塊的情況下,裝設該半導體元件60。因此,可對以狹間距形成有襯墊60b的半導體元件60進行安裝。
(2)配線層25a包含:晶種層26a,形成於絕緣層24上;以及金屬鍍層26b,形成於該晶種層26a上,俯視時的形狀與晶種層26a相同。金屬鍍層26b藉由將晶種層26a作為供電層使用的電解鍍銅法形成。再者,配線層25a上之金屬端子27藉由將晶種層26a作為供電層使用的電解鍍銅法形成。之後便將該金屬鍍層26b作為遮罩,去除不必要之晶種層的部分。從而,藉由在形成金屬端子27後去除不必要之晶種層的部分,而可形成不與其他配線層連接、亦即電性孤立的配線層25a與金屬端子27。如此種電性孤立之配線層25a及金屬端子27係例如對應於半導體元件60之未連接端子(NC端子)而設定。藉由形成如該種電性孤立之配線層25a及金屬端子27,而與只設置電性接觸的金屬端子27的情況相比,可增加配線基板10與半導體元件60之間的連接數量,可實現半導體元件60之安裝狀態穩定化。
(3)金屬端子27之上端27c由阻焊層41的上表面41a突出。因此,可在無需增大用於連接半導體元件60之凸塊的情況下確保間隙(Standoff)。藉由如上述之已確保的間隙,可容易將填充樹脂72進行填充,而可抑制半導體元件60與配線基板10之間的斷線、或是半導體元件60脫落等不良情況的產生。
(4)在配線基板10的製程中,在被覆晶種層26a與金屬鍍層26b之電鍍光阻102的開口部102X形成金屬端子27。而且,在將被覆金屬端子27之樹脂層110薄膜化後,將樹脂層110硬化而形成了阻焊層41。在習知方法中,於阻焊層41上形成晶種層,在被覆該晶種層之電鍍光阻的開口部上形成金屬端子。在此情況下,基於電鍍光阻相對於阻焊層的定位精度,金屬端子的大小要比阻焊層的開口部的大小大。另外,基於阻焊層和電鍍光阻的定位精度,將有在金屬端子上產生偏移之虞。然而,在本實施形態中,於配線層25a上形成金屬端子27後,將被覆金屬端子27的樹脂層110薄膜化而形成阻焊層41,故可無關於阻焊層41之位置精度,以較佳形成金屬端子27。另外,可將金屬端子27形成為柱狀。又,可形成上表面比基於習知方法的金屬端子小的金屬端子27。因此,可與間距狹窄化之半導體元件對應地形成小直徑的金屬端子27。
(5)在配線基板10的製程中,在形成晶種層26a、金屬鍍層26b、金屬端子27後,形成阻焊層41。以往,最外側之配線層形成於阻焊層的開口部。在該方法中,藉由阻焊層之上表面的晶種層之殘渣,有可能產生短路等不良之虞。但在本實施形態中,由於在去除了不必要的晶種層26a之後形成阻焊層41,所以不會在阻焊層41之上表面41a產生殘渣。因此,可防止發生上述不良。
(6)以樹脂層110被覆金屬端子27,將該樹脂層110薄膜化、硬化,從而形成了阻焊層41。因此,阻焊層41具有從上表面41a至金屬端子27的側面27b且朝向金屬端子27的上端面27a的填角部41b。該填角部41b抑制例如在填充樹脂72中產生空隙。藉此,可抑制填充樹脂72之破裂或剝離,而可穩定地固定半導體元件60。另外,填角部41b抑制由配線基板10的清洗、表面處理中的藥品而產生殘渣。
(7)藉由將金屬端子27及配線層25a的表面形成為粗化面,而可提高阻焊層41與金屬端子27及配線層25a的密合性。藉此,例如,可抑制阻焊層41從金屬端子27的側面剝離。若阻焊層41從金屬端子27的側面剝離,則有可能導致金屬端子27的基端27d、配線層25a腐蝕之虞。因此,藉由抑制剝離,從而可抑制上述腐蝕的產生。由此,可提高電性信賴性。
(8)藉由粗化阻焊層41的表面,而可在安裝半導體元件60時,提高填充樹脂72與阻焊層41的潤濕性或密合性。藉此,可提高半導體元件60的連接信賴性。
(9)以表面處理層28被覆從阻焊層41露出之金屬端子27的上表面27a及側面27b,而可提高金屬端子27的耐腐蝕性。藉此,可提高半導體元件60的連接信賴性。
另外,上述各實施形態亦可以如下方式實施。 ・在上述實施形態中,作為電子構件,將半導體元件60安裝至配線基板10上,亦可安裝包括半導體元件之半導體模組(半導體封裝體)的其他配線基板。亦即,亦可將金屬端子27用於搭載其他配線基板或半導體模組(半導體封裝體)。
・亦可針對上述實施形態變更形狀或附加構件。 例如,圖4(a)所示,亦可在阻焊層41上形成開口部41X。開口部41X可藉由例如光刻法而形成於圖3(c)所示的樹脂層110。例如,形成具有感光性的樹脂層110,藉由對該樹脂層110進行曝光、顯影而形成開口部41X。
該開口部41X露出絕緣層24的上表面24a。該種開口部41X例如有利於配線基板的切斷。亦即,在將複數條配線基板10排版而成的配線基板中,根據單片化的配線基板10的俯視形狀而形成例如角落部,從而可獲得以虛線表示之切割部位的確認、或是減少阻焊層41附著至用於切割之工具上等的效果。
另外,如圖4(b)所示,亦可形成露出配線層25之上表面的開口部41Y。藉由以該開口部41Y所露出之配線層25的表面,可用於例如作為定位的標記(對準標記)、或是配線基板10之種類或編號的表示。
另外,可將藉由開口部41Y所露出之配線層25作為連接用的襯墊。 亦即,圖5所示之半導體裝置200具有被積層的多個(圖5中為兩個)半導體封裝體(半導體裝置)201、202。換言之,該半導體裝置200係PoP(Package on Package)製品。
半導體封裝體201具有配線基板210和半導體元件220。配線基板210以與上述實施形態之配線基板10相同的方式形成。細言之,配線基板210具有:基板主體211、配線層212、配線層212a、配線層216、金屬端子213、表面處理層214、阻焊層215、阻焊層217。基板主體211具有將上表面之配線層212、212a和下表面之配線層216相互電性接觸的構件。因此,可在基板主體211內部形成與圖1(a)所示之配線基板10同樣的配線層,亦可不形成配線層。作為基板主體211,可使用例如具有芯基板的帶芯增層基板或不具有芯基板的無芯基板等。
與圖1(b)所示的配線層25a同樣地,配線層212、配線層212a具有晶種層和金屬鍍層。在配線層212a上形成有金屬端子213。阻焊層215被設置成被覆基板主體211的上表面,金屬端子213的上端27c從阻焊層215突出。在金屬端子213的表面,形成有作為表面處理層的表面處理層214。與上述的表面處理層28相同,表面處理層214係例如電鍍層、OSP膜。另外,亦可不形成表面處理層214。
金屬端子213經由焊料221而與半導體元件220的襯墊連接。在配線基板210與半導體元件220之間填充有填充樹脂222。
另外,阻焊層215具有將配線層212的一部分作為襯墊P11露出的開口部215X。該襯墊P11用於與半導體封裝體202的連接。
阻焊層217被設置成被覆基板主體211的下表面。阻焊層217具有將配線層216的一部分作為襯墊P12露出的開口部217X。襯墊P12在將半導體裝置200安裝至主機板等基板上時使用。
與半導體封裝體201相同,半導體封裝體202具有配線基板230和半導體元件240。與配線基板210相同,配線基板230具有基板主體231、配線層232、配線層236、金屬端子233、表面處理層234、以及阻焊層235、阻焊層237。基板主體231具有將上表面之配線層232和下表面之配線層236相互電性接觸的構件。因此,在基板主體231的內部,可形成與圖1(a)所示之配線基板10相同的配線層,亦可不形成配線層。作為基板主體231,可使用例如具有芯基板的帶芯增層基板或不具有芯基板的無芯基板等。
與圖1(b)所示的配線層25a相同,配線層232具有晶種層和金屬鍍層。在配線層232上形成有金屬端子233。阻焊層235被設置成被覆基板主體231之上表面,金屬端子233的上端從阻焊層235突出。在金屬端子233的表面,形成有作為表面處理層的表面處理層234。與上述的表面處理層28相同,表面處理層234係例如電鍍層、OSP膜等。另外,亦可不形成表面處理層234。
金屬端子233經由焊料241與半導體元件240的襯墊連接。在配線基板230和半導體元件240之間填充有填充樹脂242。
阻焊層237被設置成被覆基板主體231的下表面。阻焊層237具有將配線層236的一部分作為襯墊P22露出的開口部237X。襯墊P22用於將半導體封裝體202連接至半導體封裝體201。
配線基板210的襯墊P11經由焊料球251而與配線基板230的襯墊P22電性接觸。焊料球251係例如金屬芯焊料球。該金屬係例如銅。另外,焊料球251可包含樹脂芯,亦可不包含金屬芯。
在配線基板210與配線基板230之間填充有樹脂252。該樹脂252對配線基板210、230的連接部分進行保護。另外,該樹脂252提高配線基板210與配線基板230之間的連接強度。作為樹脂252的材料,可使用例如環氧系樹脂、聚醯亞胺系樹脂等絕緣性樹脂、在絕緣性樹脂中混入了氧化矽(SiO2)等填充物的樹脂材料。
在這種配線基板210的情況下,可設金屬端子213之直徑為50~300μm(例如,75μm)。另外,可設金屬端子213之高度(從阻焊層215突出之金屬端子213的長度)為50~200μm(例如,100μm)。
另外,亦可在圖1(a)所示的2個配線層25a之間形成配線。 例如,如圖6(a)所示,在配線基板300的上表面300a(安裝半導體元件的面),根據半導體元件之複數個襯墊的排列方式,以俯視呈矩陣狀的方式配設與複數個襯墊分別連接的複數個金屬端子301。該金屬端子301以與金屬端子27同樣的方式形成。
配線基板300具有從各金屬端子301分別引出至複數個通孔302的複數條配線303,複數個通孔302形成於比形成有金屬端子301的區域靠外側的區域。複數條配線303形成為通過排列成矩陣狀的複數個金屬端子301之間。另外,通孔302及配線303被配線基板300的阻焊層305(參照圖6(b))被覆,為了便於理解,在圖6(a)中,以實線表示通孔302及配線303。
如圖6(b)所示,複數條配線303形成於例如連接有複數個金屬端子301的配線層304之間。與配線層25a同樣地,複數條配線層304具有晶種層和金屬鍍層。而該種配線303係以與配線層304(上述的配線層25a)同樣的方式形成。
以與上述實施形態同樣的方式形成的金屬端子301,在其形狀和形成位置上精度好。從而,上面形成有金屬端子301的配線層304可設為可連接金屬端子的大小。因此,如上所述,可在相鄰的2個配線層304之間形成配線303。該配線303在例如配線基板300上,使積層之配線層及絕緣層的數量少於不具有配線的配線基板。由此,可實現配線基板300的薄化、減少製造所需時間、降低成本。
10‧‧‧配線基板
101‧‧‧電鍍光阻
101X‧‧‧開口部
102‧‧‧電鍍光阻
102X‧‧‧開口部
11‧‧‧芯基板
110‧‧‧樹脂層
11X‧‧‧貫通孔
12‧‧‧貫通電極
200‧‧‧半導體裝置
201‧‧‧半導體封裝體
202‧‧‧半導體封裝體
21‧‧‧配線層
210‧‧‧配線基板
211‧‧‧基板主體
212‧‧‧配線層
212a‧‧‧配線層
213‧‧‧金屬端子
214‧‧‧表面處理層
215‧‧‧阻焊層
215‧‧‧阻焊層
215X‧‧‧開口部
216‧‧‧配線層
217‧‧‧阻焊層
217X‧‧‧開口部
22‧‧‧絕緣層
220‧‧‧半導體元件
221‧‧‧焊料
222‧‧‧填充樹脂
23‧‧‧配線層
230‧‧‧配線基板
231‧‧‧基板主體
232‧‧‧配線層
233‧‧‧金屬端子
234‧‧‧表面處理層
235‧‧‧阻焊層
236‧‧‧配線層
237X‧‧‧開口部
23V‧‧‧連接線
24‧‧‧絕緣層
240‧‧‧半導體元件
241‧‧‧焊料
242‧‧‧填充樹脂
24a‧‧‧上表面
25‧‧‧配線層
251‧‧‧焊料球
252‧‧‧樹脂
25a‧‧‧配線層
25b‧‧‧配線層
26a‧‧‧晶種層
26b‧‧‧金屬鍍層
27‧‧‧金屬端子
27a‧‧‧上表面
27b‧‧‧側面
27c‧‧‧上端
27d‧‧‧基端
28‧‧‧表面處理層
300‧‧‧配線基板
300a‧‧‧上表面
301‧‧‧金屬端子
302‧‧‧通孔
303‧‧‧配線
304‧‧‧配線層
31‧‧‧配線層
32‧‧‧絕緣層
33‧‧‧配線層
33V‧‧‧連接線
34‧‧‧絕緣層
35‧‧‧配線層
35a‧‧‧襯墊
35V‧‧‧連接線
41‧‧‧阻焊層
41a‧‧‧上表面
41b‧‧‧填角部
41Y‧‧‧開口部
42‧‧‧阻焊層
42X‧‧‧開口部
60‧‧‧半導體元件
60b‧‧‧襯墊
71‧‧‧焊料
72‧‧‧填充樹脂
P11‧‧‧襯墊
P12‧‧‧襯墊
P22‧‧‧襯墊
圖1(a)所示為半導體裝置之概要結構的剖視圖,圖1(b)所示為配線基板的局部剖視圖,圖1(c)所示為端子(post)及阻焊膜的局部剖視圖。 圖2(a)~(e)所示為配線基板(端子)之製程的剖視圖。 圖3(a)~(e)所示為配線基板(端子)之製程的剖視圖。 圖4(a)、圖4(b)所示為其他配線基板的局部剖視圖。 圖5所示為其他半導體裝置之概要結構的剖視圖。 圖6(a)所示為其他配線基板的示意俯視圖,圖6(b)所示為其他配線基板的局部剖視圖。
10‧‧‧配線基板
25、25a‧‧‧配線層
26a‧‧‧晶種層
26b‧‧‧金屬鍍層
27‧‧‧金屬端子
27d‧‧‧基端
41‧‧‧阻焊層
41b‧‧‧填角部

Claims (6)

  1. 一種配線基板,具備: 配線層; 設於前述配線層之面上,用於安裝電子構件之複數個金屬端子;以及 保護層,被覆前述配線層中之形成有前述複數個金屬端子的面; 前述配線層包含晶種層和金屬鍍層,前述金屬鍍層形成於前述晶種層之上,俯視時的大小與前述晶種層相同; 前述複數個金屬端子具有從前述保護層突出的上端、以及具有該上端寬度以上之寬度的基端; 前述保護層相對於前述複數個金屬端子分別具有填角部,該填角部朝向前述複數個金屬端子之中的相應金屬端子之上端面延伸,與前述複數個金屬端子之中的相應金屬端子之側面連接。
  2. 如請求項1所述之配線基板,其中更具備被覆前述金屬端子之前述上端之表面的表面處理層。
  3. 如請求項1或2所述之配線基板,其中,前述金屬端子之表面為粗化面。
  4. 如請求項1~3中任一項所述之配線基板,其中 更具有:絕緣層,形成於前述配線層中之與位於形成有前述複數個金屬端子的面相反側的面上; 前述配線層包含:設置有前述複數個金屬端子的第1配線層、以及未設置前述複數個金屬端子的第2配線層; 前述保護層具有將前述第2配線層的上表面的至少一部分以及前述絕緣層的上表面的一部分之中的至少一方露出的開口部。
  5. 一種配線基板的製造方法,具有電子構件用的金屬端子的配線基板的製造方法,包含: 在絕緣層上形成晶種層的製程; 形成第1光阻層的製程,第1光阻層將前述晶種層被覆,且在指定位置具有開口部; 將前述晶種層作為供電層,在前述第1光阻層的開口部形成金屬鍍層的製程; 去除前述第1光阻層的製程; 形成將前述晶種層和前述金屬鍍層被覆的第2光阻層的製程,該第2光阻層具有使前述金屬鍍層的上表面的一部分露出的開口部; 將前述晶種層作為供電層,在前述第2光阻層的開口部形成金屬端子的製程; 去除前述第2光阻層的製程; 將前述金屬鍍層作為遮罩,對前述晶種層進行蝕刻的製程; 形成被覆前述金屬端子之樹脂層的製程;以及 將前述樹脂層薄膜化而將前述金屬端子的上端露出的製程。
  6. 如請求項5所述之配線基板的製造方法, 在將前述樹脂層薄膜化的製程之後且在將前述樹脂層硬化的製程之前,還具備在前述樹脂層上形成開口部的製程。
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