TW201311289A - 用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之組成物 - Google Patents
用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明係關於以含有牛磺酸作為有效成分為特徵之用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之經口用組成物、或以含有牛磺酸作為有效成分為特徵之用以預防或改善老化造成之皺紋之經口用組成物。
Description
本發明係關於於正常皮膚,維持皮膚屏障功能,於被破壞之皮膚,具有修復皮膚屏障功能之作用之經口用組成物。更詳細而言,係關於以牛磺酸作為有效成分,主要係抑制伴隨老化之皮膚屏障功能降低,使降低的皮膚屏障功能恢復成正常程度,並且皮膚屏障功能被破壞時,具有修復該功能之作用之經口用組成物。
已知皮膚的柔軟性及其功能係受到角質層含水量的影響。認為老化的皮膚係表皮、真皮皆細胞數量減少,代謝功能降低,結果,角質層的水分保持功能降低,皮膚呈變薄的狀態,失去柔軟性及彈性,成為粗糙肌理的狀態者。
如此皮膚的狀態亦有稱為「皮膚屏障功能降低之狀態」。所謂皮膚屏障功能係角質層保持水分的能力,此若降低時,皮膚表面變得容易乾燥,會產生各種細菌、過敏原、刺激因子等變得容易侵入之問題。此皮膚屏障功能係以皮膚的角質層水分量或經表皮水分蒸散量(TEWL)為指標所評估(參考非專利文獻1),有報告揭示對於導致皮膚屏障功能異常之典型疾病之異位性皮膚炎患者,與健康者比較各指標時,角質層水分量,變成約5分之1,經表皮水分蒸散量,變成約4倍(參考非專利文獻2)。
另外,已知若皮膚屏障功能降低時,發生皺紋(參考
非專利文獻3)。為了評估皺紋的狀態,已知對小鼠連續照射紫外線以誘發皺紋模式、或將使缺乏礦物質或脂肪酸之特殊飼料,投餌予小鼠以誘發皺紋的模式(參考非專利文獻4及5)。
因此,作為如此老化皮膚之改善劑,提供許多摻混有稱為NMF(Natural Moisturizing Factor)之成分、或膠原蛋白、玻尿酸等成分之化妝料、外用劑,但實際情況是至今仍未提供對維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之極為有效的組成物。
另一方面,已知牛磺酸(2-胺基乙烷磺酸)係分子量為125.15之具有單純化學結構之含硫胺基酸,與構成蛋白質之胺基酸不同,顯示如維生素類或激素之作用,進而於腦神經系統、循環系統、肝膽系統為首之各種藥理作用(參考非專利文獻6)。如此地作為生理活性物質受到矚目,廣泛地被使用之牛磺酸,但未有將其摻混於經口用組成物,被提供作為皮膚屏障功能之維持、改善劑之報告。
另外,已知皺紋係因加齡之自然老化及因紫外線等之光老化,因皮膚組織的彈性降低所引起(參考非專利文獻7)。
非專利文獻1:田上 八朗,2004,角質層屏障功能與皮膚保濕功能之研究,FRAGRANCE JOURNAL 32(9),
10-16
非專利文獻2:Takahashi, M., Ikezawa, Z., 1999. Dry skin in atopic dermatitis and patients on hemodialysis, Dry skin and moisturizers. Chemistry and Function. USA 135-146.
非專利文獻3:市橋 正光,2004,皮膚的老化及皺紋的形成,FRAGRANCE JOURNAL 32(5),24-30
非專利文獻4:森臨 繁,2004,纖維母細胞彈性蛋白酶活性抑制劑之皺紋改善效果,FRAGRANCE JOURNAL 32(5),46-51
非專利文獻5:Fujii, M., Tomozawa, J., Mizutani, N., Nabe, T., Danno, K.,Hohno, S., 2005. Atopic dermatitis-like pruritic skin inflammation caused by feeding a special diet to HR-1 hairless mice. Exp Dermatol 14(6), 460-468.
非專利文獻6:薩秀夫,2007,牛磺酸的多彩的生理作用及動態、化學與生物45(4),273-281
非專利文獻7:堀井 和泉,2001,皺紋發生機制及其改善,香粧會誌25(2),91-95
本發明之課題為提供抑制起因於老化之皮膚屏障功能降低,或促進修復起因於老化而被破壞的皮膚屏障功能,
而且具有預防或改善起因於老化之皺紋之作用之新型態之經口用組成物。
本發明者等藉由探討皮膚構成成分之參與因子因老化而如何變化,發現隨著老化,皮膚中之牛磺酸量會減少。
因此,藉由對皮膚屏障功能降低之小鼠,經口投予牛磺酸,且測定皮膚角質層水分量或經表皮水分蒸散量(TEWL),評估該小鼠之皮膚屏障功能時,得到藉由牛磺酸的作用,會抑制皮膚屏障功能降低,或提升皮膚屏障功能,修復被破壞的皮膚屏障功能之見解。
又,得到亦具有抑制起因於老化之皺紋生成,或改善生成皺紋之作用之見解。
依相關見解所得之本發明型態係如後所述。
(1)以含有牛磺酸作為有效成分為特徵之用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之經口用組成物。
(2)以含有牛磺酸作為有效成分為特徵之用以抑制或改善因老化造成而皮膚屏障功能降低之經口用組成物。
(3)以含有牛磺酸作為有效成分為特徵之用以預防或改善因老化之皺紋之經口用組成物。
(4)如前述(1)~(3)記載之經口用組成物,其為水性飲料。
(5)如前述(4)記載之經口用組成物,其為pH2.5~7.0。
依據本發明,將可提供具有抑制伴隨老化之皮膚屏障功能降低,或促進被破壞的皮膚屏障功能恢復,而且預防或改善起因於老化之皺紋之作用之經口用組成物。
本發明係關於以含有牛磺酸作為有效成分為特徵之用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之經口用組成物。
本發明中所謂「皮膚屏障功能」係意味著皮膚的角質層保持水分的能力。皮膚屏障功能的狀態係以角質水分量及經表皮水分蒸散量為指標所判斷,係有皮膚屏障功能若降低時,角質水分量減少,經表皮水分蒸散量增加,另一方面,皮膚屏障功能被改善時,角質水分量增加,經表皮水分蒸散量減少之關係。
本發明之經口用組成物,尤其適用於用以抑制或改善因老化而皮膚屏障功能降低。在此所謂的「老化」係包含因加齡而發生之自然老化及因紫外線等而發生之光老化,但本發明之經口用組成物亦可適用於任一種因老化而造成的皮膚屏障功能降低。
本發明之經口用組成物係有效於預防或改善皮膚皺紋,尤其是起因於老化之皺紋。
本發明之經口用組成物係可為醫藥組成物或飲食品之型態。本發明之經口用組成物因具有維持或改善皮膚屏障
功能,所以可適合使用於起因於皮膚屏障功能降低之症狀或疾病,例如作為用以預防或改善(治療)皺紋等之所經口投予之醫藥組成物,以及作為用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之日常所攝取之飲食品。
本發明之經口用組成物係可依常法,提供作為例如散劑、顆粒劑、錠劑等之內服用固形劑或口服液劑等之內服液劑。此時,係使用相對應於各型態之製劑用載體,只要適合於經口投予者則無特別限定。
使用本發明之經口用組成物作為醫藥組成物時,可摻混有效於維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之1種或2種以上的其他成分。另外,亦可併用有效於維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之其他醫藥組成物。
使用本發明之經口用組成物作為飲食品時,該飲食品係可為例如健康食品、功能性食品、特定保健用食品、營養輔助食品、患者用食品、或食品添加物。作為飲食品之具體例,可列舉飲料類、湯類、乳飲料、清涼飲料水、茶飲料、酒精飲料、果凍狀飲料、功能性飲料等之液狀製品;含有食用油、沙拉醬、美乃滋、瑪加淋等之油份之製品;飯類、麵類、麵包類之含碳水化合物食品;火腿、香腸等之畜產加工食品;魚板、乾貨、鹽辛等之水產加工食品;醃漬物等之蔬菜加工食品;果凍、優酪乳等之半固狀食品;味噌、醱酵飲料等之醱酵食品;洋式點心類、和式點心類、糖果類、口香糖類、軟糖、冷點心、冰點心等之各種點心類;咖哩、勾芡、中華湯等之殺菌袋製品;速食湯
、速食味噌湯等之速食食品或微波爐食品等。進而,亦可列舉調製成粉末、顆粒、錠劑、膠囊劑、液狀、糊狀或果凍狀之健康飲食品。
飲食品的製造係可依該技術領域已知之製造技術實施。該飲食品中,亦可摻混有效於維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之1種或2種以上的成分。另外,亦可藉由組合發揮維持或改善皮膚屏障功能以外的功能之其他成分或其他功能性食品,作為多功能性飲食品。
因為牛磺酸於水溶液中係比較安定的化合物,所以本發明之經口用組成物之適合型態係水性飲料(例如口服液劑等之內服液劑或飲料類等之液狀製品),尤其調整成pH2.5~7.0,以4.5~6.5為宜之瓶子等容器裝之水性飲料。考慮服用性等而調整pH係可使用適當的pH調整劑。作為如此之pH調整劑,可列舉檸檬酸、蘋果酸、富馬酸、己二酸、葡糖酸、酒石酸、抗壞血酸、醋酸、磷酸或此等之鹽。
如此所調製之「水性飲料」係填充於以聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯為主要成分之成形容器(所謂的PET保特瓶)、金屬罐、金屬箔或塑膠膜所層合之紙容器、玻璃製瓶等而被提供。
「牛磺酸」之含有(摻混)量係經口用組成物中之0.1~10質量%,以0.5~5質量%為宜,以1~3質量%尤佳。因為就維持、改善皮膚屏障功能上,0.1質量%以下並不適宜,若超過10質量%時,作為飲料型態時,就牛磺酸的
溶解性上,並不適宜。
本發明亦提供如此地以投予至對象或使對象攝取本發明之經口用組成物為特徵之維持或改善對象之皮膚屏障功能之方法者。另外,亦提供以投予本發明之經口用組成物至對象為特徵之抑制或改善對象因老化而造成皮膚屏障功能降低之方法者。進而,亦提供以投予本發明之經口用組成物至對象為特徵之預防或改善對象因老化造成之皺紋之方法者。
本發明之經口用組成物之製品(醫藥品、飲食品)或其說明書係可以附加用以使維持或改善皮膚屏障功能所使用之要旨表示者。在此,所謂「於製品或說明書附加表示」係指於製品本體、容器、包裝等附加表示,或於揭示製品資訊之說明書、附加資料、宣傳物、其他印刷物等附加表示。於用以使維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之所使用要旨表示係可包含關於藉由投予或攝取本發明之經口用組成物,皮膚屏障功能被維持或改善之機制之資訊。另外,可包含關於可使用於用以預防或改善起因於皮膚屏障功能降低之症狀或疾病之資訊。
以下係舉試驗例更詳細地說明本發明。
另外,皺紋程度係由該重傷度,以後述的4個階段之基準進行評估。
分數0:無症狀
分數1:皺紋淺
分數2:皺紋深
分數3:皺紋深,留有痕跡
使用5週齡之HR-1系雌性小鼠(自日本SLC股份有限公司購入),以10隻為1組,於12、24、36及48週齡時摘取背部皮膚,剝離表皮與真皮,藉由HPLC法定量組織中的牛磺酸量。
該結果係與12週齡比較,表皮係於48週齡時,真皮係自24週齡,觀察到有意義的牛磺酸量降低(參考圖1及2)。
使用5週齡之HR-1系雌性小鼠(自日本SLC股份有限公司購入),以10隻為1組,飼育至32週齡後,將3%牛磺酸水溶液混水投予4週。另一方面,對照組係投予純水。投予結束後,與試驗例1同樣地採取皮膚,測定皮膚中之牛磺酸量。
該結果,觀察到牛磺酸投予組於表皮之牛磺酸量有意義地增加(參考圖3)。
使用7週齡之HR-1系雄性小鼠(自日本SLC股份有限公司購入),以10隻為1組,對小鼠背部照射紫外線(照射量為70~100mJ/cm2),每週3次,共4週。其間混水投予3%牛磺酸水溶液。另一方面,對照組係投予純水。最終投予後,測定背部皮膚之角質層水分量及經皮水分蒸散量。
該結果係觀察到相對於未照射組,照射紫外線之溶劑投予組,角質層水分量有意義地降低,經皮水分蒸散量有意義地增加。相對於此,可觀察到牛磺酸投予組有意義地抑制角質層水分量降低,有意義地降低經皮水分蒸散量的作用(參考圖5及6)。
使用8週齡之HR-1系雄性小鼠(自日本SLC股份有限公司購入),以9~10隻為1組,對小鼠背部照射紫外線(照射量為70~100mJ/cm2),每週3次,共8週。其間混水投予3%牛磺酸水溶液。另一方面,對照組係投予純水。最終投予後,依據上述基準,對背部皮膚皺紋,進行評估、分數化。
該結果係認為相對於未照射組,照射紫外線之溶劑投予組,皺紋分數有意義地增加。相對於此,認為牛磺酸投予組有意義地降低皺紋分數的作用(參考圖7)。
使用7週齡之HR-1系雄性小鼠(自日本SLC股份有限公司購入),以10隻為1組,對小鼠背部照射紫外線(照射量為70~100mJ/cm2),每週3次,共12週。自紫外線照射開始8週後(確認發生明顯皺紋後),混水投予3%牛磺酸水溶液4週。另一方面,對照組係投予純水。最終投予後,依據前述基準,對背部皮膚皺紋,進行評估、分數化。
該結果係認為相對於未照射組,照射紫外線之溶劑投予組,皺紋分數有意義地增加。相對於此,觀察到牛磺酸投予組有意義地降低皺紋分數的作用(參考圖8)。
由試驗例1-3之結果,確認藉由經口投予牛磺酸,老化小鼠皮膚中之牛磺酸量會增加,隨之而皮膚(表皮、真皮)之角質層水分量增加,經皮水分蒸散量減少,明顯地改善老化小鼠之皮膚屏障功能。
另外,由試驗例4之結果,確認了藉由經口投予牛磺酸,明顯地抑制老化小鼠之皮膚皺紋生成。
進而,由試驗例5之結果,確認了藉由經口投予牛磺酸,明顯地改善老化小鼠之皮膚皺紋。
另外,因為已知皺紋生成係與真皮中膠原蛋白或彈性
蛋白之量的、質的變化有關,所以可認為藉由所經口攝取的有效成分牛磺酸抑制此等變化,會對抑制皺紋生成或對改善生成的皺紋作出貢獻。
依據本發明,藉由以例如內服液劑、口服液劑等之水性飲料之型態,提供具有抑制皮膚屏障功能降低,或促進修復被破壞的皮膚屏障功能,以及預防或改善起因於老化之皺紋之作用之經口用組成物,期待對抗老化產業等有所貢獻。
[圖1]表示小鼠表皮中牛磺酸量因老化之變化圖。[* *]係表示相對於12週齡時之值,p<0.01。
[圖2]表示小鼠真皮中牛磺酸量因老化之變化圖。[* *]係表示相對於12週齡時之值,p<0.01。
[圖3]表示經口投予牛磺酸時之表皮中牛磺酸量之變化圖。[* *]係表示相對於溶劑投予組之值,p<0.01。
[圖4]表示經口投予牛磺酸時之真皮中牛磺酸量之變化圖。
[圖5]表示經口投予牛磺酸時之因紫外線照射而降低之角質層水分量之變化圖。組間比較中[*]係表示p<0.05,[* *]係表示p<0.01。
[圖6]表示經口投予牛磺酸時之因紫外線照射而增加
之經皮水分蒸散量之變化圖。組間比較中[* *]係表示p<0.01。
[圖7]表示經口投予牛磺酸時之因紫外線照射而發生皺紋之變化圖。組間比較中[* *]係表示p<0.01。
[圖8]表示因紫外線照射而使發生皺紋後,經口投予牛磺酸時之皺紋變化圖。組間比較中[* *]係表示p<0.01。
Claims (5)
- 一種用以維持或改善皮膚屏障功能之經口用組成物,其特徵係含有牛磺酸作為有效成分。
- 一種用以抑制或改善因老化而造成之皮膚屏障功能降低之經口用組成物,其特徵係含有牛磺酸作為有效成分。
- 一種用以預防或改善因老化而造成之皺紋之經口用組成物,其特徵係含有牛磺酸作為有效成分。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項至第3項中任一項之經口用組成物,其為水性飲料。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之經口用組成物,其為pH2.5~7.0。
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