TW200411750A - Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200411750A
TW200411750A TW092117301A TW92117301A TW200411750A TW 200411750 A TW200411750 A TW 200411750A TW 092117301 A TW092117301 A TW 092117301A TW 92117301 A TW92117301 A TW 92117301A TW 200411750 A TW200411750 A TW 200411750A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
copper
wiring
metal
film
catalyst
Prior art date
Application number
TW092117301A
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English (en)
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TWI234814B (en
Inventor
Yuji Segawa
Takeshi Nogami
Hiroshi Horikoshi
Naoki Komai
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Sony Corp
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Publication of TW200411750A publication Critical patent/TW200411750A/zh
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Publication of TWI234814B publication Critical patent/TWI234814B/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76838Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
    • H01L21/76841Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
    • H01L21/76843Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
    • H01L21/76849Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric the layer being positioned on top of the main fill metal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1603Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
    • C23C18/1607Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by direct patterning
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1635Composition of the substrate
    • C23C18/1637Composition of the substrate metallic substrate
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    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1646Characteristics of the product obtained
    • C23C18/165Multilayered product
    • C23C18/1653Two or more layers with at least one layer obtained by electroless plating and one layer obtained by electroplating
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/1803Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
    • C23C18/1824Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
    • C23C18/1827Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
    • C23C18/1831Use of metal, e.g. activation, sensitisation with noble metals
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    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/48Coating with alloys
    • C23C18/50Coating with alloys with alloys based on iron, cobalt or nickel
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    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/02Electroplating of selected surface areas
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    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/12Semiconductors
    • C25D7/123Semiconductors first coated with a seed layer or a conductive layer
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    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02041Cleaning
    • H01L21/02057Cleaning during device manufacture
    • H01L21/02068Cleaning during device manufacture during, before or after processing of conductive layers, e.g. polysilicon or amorphous silicon layers
    • H01L21/02074Cleaning during device manufacture during, before or after processing of conductive layers, e.g. polysilicon or amorphous silicon layers the processing being a planarization of conductive layers
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    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • H01L21/285Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
    • H01L21/28506Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
    • H01L21/28512Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
    • H01L21/2855Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System by physical means, e.g. sputtering, evaporation
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    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • H01L21/288Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
    • H01L21/2885Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition using an external electrical current, i.e. electro-deposition
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    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
    • H01L21/31Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
    • H01L21/3205Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
    • H01L21/321After treatment
    • H01L21/32115Planarisation
    • H01L21/3212Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
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    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76801Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
    • H01L21/76802Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
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    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76801Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
    • H01L21/76802Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
    • H01L21/76807Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics for dual damascene structures
    • H01L21/7681Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics for dual damascene structures involving one or more buried masks
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    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76838Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
    • H01L21/76877Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
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    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/52Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
    • H01L23/522Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
    • H01L23/532Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
    • H01L23/53204Conductive materials
    • H01L23/53209Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides
    • H01L23/53228Conductive materials based on metals, e.g. alloys, metal silicides the principal metal being copper
    • H01L23/53238Additional layers associated with copper layers, e.g. adhesion, barrier, cladding layers
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    • H01L23/532Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
    • H01L23/5329Insulating materials
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    • C25D3/00Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
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    • C25D3/58Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of copper
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Description

200411750 玫、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種採用含銅的金屬配線之半事 的製造方法,尤為特別者,係且備防 你,、1们万止銅擴散至層間絕緣 月吴寺機能之半導體裝置的製造方法。 【先前技術】 ❹圓上形成高密度集成電路之細微配線 才料,係採用銘系合金。然而,為了再提昇半導體裝置的 速度,、必須採用比電阻更低的配線材料,此類材料可例舉 如銅或銀寺―。尤其是銅材料,其比電阻係低至U叩⑽, =助於半導體裝置的高速化,因抗電致遷移性較銘系合金 尚了一級(order),被看好為次世次的材料。 知用銅形成配線時,不易對銅進行乾濕蝕,故一般係運 ㈣謂的金屬鑲篏(damascene)。該方法之内容,係在有如 戰化石夕的層間絕緣膜先形成既定溝槽,待將配線材料(銅) 填入該溝槽後,以化學機械研磨法(Chemical Mechanical ^ ^以下逕稱為CMP)將多餘的配線材料去除以形成 配、,泉。又在形成連接孔(via hole)及配線溝(drench)之後, 一併埋入配線材料,復以CMP去除多餘配線材料,即雙層 配線鑲嵌法,同樣為吾人所周知。 此外,一般係將銅配線用於多層化用途。此時,為防止 銅至屬擴散至層間絕緣膜,乃在形成上述配線前,先形成 包含氮化矽、炭化矽等之阻障膜。 /、而在CMI^^的銅配線表面不存有阻障膜。,故在形
85018.DOC 200411750 成上層配線前先形成具有銅擴散防止層機能的阻障膜。此 時,因銅在低達150°C的低溫下仍易於在含氧的環境中發生 氧化現象,一般係以未含氧的材料,如氮化矽膜(SiN)或炭 化矽膜(SiC)等,作為阻障膜。 然而,因為氮化矽(SiN)或炭化矽(SiC)的比介電率較氧 化矽(Si02)為大,使得採用銅配線的半導體裝置之實際介 電率上升,造成增加半導體裝置的RC延遲(因電阻與電容 導致之配線延遲)的問題,或是弱化了阻障膜SiN、SiC與銅 的界面間之抗電致遷移性。 已知有一袅案,係將對於銅擴散防止性佳、能改善RC延 遲、以及抗電致遷移性佳的CoWP材料,形成於CMP後的銅 配線表面,即USP 5695810所揭示者(USE OF COBALT TUNGSTEN PHOSPHITE AS A BARRIER MATERIAL FOR COPPER METALLIZATION)(即銅配線製程中以磷鉛化鎢 為阻障材料)。再者,CoWP亦有可藉無電電鍍在銅配線上 選擇性成膜的特點。
以圖21表示此種採用CoWP為阻障膜的先前半導體裝置 。該半導體裝置包含了含銅之金屬配線,且在該金屬配線 上,形成了包含具銅擴散防止機能的CoWP之阻障膜。若 細分此半導體裝置的結構,係在預先製作了電晶體等元件 (省略其圖示)的基板101上,將含銅之金屬配線(以下稱為 銅配線)之下層配線102a、102b,埋入設在絕緣層103a的溝 槽内。又,絕緣層10 3 a包含例如S i 0 C,在下層配線10 2 a、 102b與絕緣層103a之間,形成阻障層104a,含有例如TaN
85018.DOC 200411750 。又,在基板101與絕緣層103a之間,形成了包含例如siC 的姓刻終止層1 〇5,俾防止銅由下層配線1 〇2a、1 02b擴教至 基板101。又,在下層配線1〇2a、l〇2b及絕緣層1〇3a上,介 由用來防止銅擴散的SiN膜形成了絕緣膜l〇3b。絕緣膜 103b包含例如si〇2。 更在絕緣膜103b上,介由用來防止銅擴散的SiN膜形成 了系巴緣膜103c,介由含有例如TaN的阻障金屬膜1 〇4b,將 含鋼的金屬配線,即上層配線丨06a、106b,形成於設在絕 緣層103b及絕緣層i〇3c的溝槽。又,在上層配線1〇6a、1〇6b 上’亦即上層配線l〇6a、106b未由阻障金屬膜i〇4b所被覆 的表面’亦即圖21的上面,介由鈀(pd)置換層丨〇7,形成了 包含具銅擴散防止機能的C〇WP之阻障膜1〇8。 製作上述半導體裝置時,係藉著對銅配線上施以c〇Wp 的無電電鍍以形成阻障膜。以下將簡要說明對銅配線上施 以CoWP的無電電鍍成膜方法及其原理。為藉著無電電鍍 法將CoWP的觸媒。一般採用的方法,係藉置換電鍍法, 預先在銅表面形成鈀(?(1)等觸媒金屬層。 置換電鍍法,係利用異種金屬之離子化傾向的相異性而 進行者。因銅與鈀相較係屬電化學上的卑金屬,因之,若 將銅浸入例如PdCU的HCL溶液中,隨著銅的溶解所放出的 電子,移轉成落液中的貴金屬,即鈀離子,致在卑金屬之 銅表面上形成鈀。因為在絕非金屬的絕緣膜表面無法發生 ㈣置換,故觸媒活性層僅在鋼上减。之後續以該免層 為觸鉍,僅於銅配線上開始無電電鍍反應,而由wp來
85018.DOC 200411750 形成阻障金屬層。 然而’上述方法之中,藉著鈀的置換電鍍在銅表面形成 觸媒活化層之際,易有蝕入銅配線使其受損的問題。尤其 疋’可此會沿著銅的結晶(grain)對銅的局部鏨洞,甚至腐 蚀嚴重時尚可能造成銅配線的斷線。究其結果,銅配線的 損傷嚴重時將造成銅配線的電阻提高3〇%。再者,欲將 Co WP的成膜埋入銅結晶間產生的黎洞有其困難,究其結 果,在CoWP成膜後仍留有銅配線間的孔洞,以致基於此 而急速惡化抗電致遷移性。 因而,本發明係基於上述現狀而提案者,其目的在提供 一種半導體裝置的製造方法,以達成半導體裝置的高速化 及良好的品質可靠度。 【發明内容】 欲達成上揭目的之本發明的半導體裝置之製造方法,其 特欲在於,乃是將具有銅擴散防止貞能的阻障膜形成在含 =的i屬配線上者’且’使用添加觸媒金屬的電鍍來進行 包·度Μ $成含有觸媒金屬的金屬配線,並以外露於金屬 配、泉表面的觸媒金屬為觸媒來進行無電電鍍,俾將具有鋼 擴散防止機能的㈣_成在金屬配線上。 去先則,以無電電鍍法將㈣卿成於含銅的金屬配線上 慰Μ㈣寺觸媒性高的金屬在金屬配線層表面施以觸 媒活化處理。且體而士, 金屬配線表面置換心免的置換電鍍使含銅的 觸媒w 以形成觸媒活性層,之後,以該 某活性層的鈀為觸媒核進行無電電鍍。
85018.DOC 200411750 、然而,在本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法中,如以上所 ^在开y成含銅的金屬配線之際係預使金屬配線中含有觸 媒至屬以内含於金屬配線中的觸媒金屬當中之外露於金 屬配線表面的觸媒金屬,作為無電電鍍時的觸媒核,°藉而 在金屬配線上形成具有銅擴散防止機能的阻障膜。 右再丁以詳細說明,本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法中 二電鍍形成含銅金屬配線之際’係預將觸媒金屬添加入 電鍍使用的電鍍液内。該觸媒金屬係形成阻障膜之際用來 啟動無電電鍍反應的觸媒…藉著使用添加有觸媒金屬 的電鐘液來-進行電鍍,可形成含有觸媒金屬的金屬配線。 ^即’可使形成的金屬配線中及其表面分散配置有觸媒金 屬0 又,根據實際需要將多餘部分去除且施以平扭化處理, 以實施藉外露於金屬配線的表面之觸媒金 :==阻_業,之後’以該觸媒金屬為觸媒的 1"又Μ開始進仃,更精由自我觸媒作用而持婧盔電 電趣反應的進行,而在金屬配線上形成阻障膜。— 广:f ’:媒金屬外露於金屬配線的表面,無電電鍍僅在 子有觸媒金屬的地方進行。因而 地進行阻障膜的成膜。 h屬配線上選擇性 以上所揭方法中,係使用預先添加 進行電鍍以形成金屬配線,在 的電鍍液來 屬乃分散配置在金屬線中及其表面 則的製造万法中施以觸媒活化處理時的同等效果/、
85018.DOC 因而,本發明之中虏“ 甲‘略了先可的製造方法中所必須的 觸媒活化處理步驟,妓α % 、 故此以間化的製程來提昇形成阻障膜 的效率,能以較低成太制 低成本製造出可確實防止銅原子擴散至 層間絕緣膜的高品質半導體裝置。 、又:本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法中,如以上所述, :未c仃觸媒活化步驟’因而,不會使金屬配線本身遭致 腐姓亦即’不會因腐蚀而造成金屬配線中具有馨孔,更 不會因腐蝕而造成斷線等損傷。因之,可免於因金屬配線 、勺腐蝕導致配、、泉電阻的上昇或是抗電致遷移性的惡化等, 避免工該些造成半導體裝置的動作不良之問題點,故可製 造出高品質的半導體裝置。 取者Q本&明之半導體裝置的製造方法無須觸媒活化 7 ^因而避免了先前方法中觸媒金屬及附殘留在層間絕 彖膜上的現象,&其結果,因為不會在層間絕緣膜上形成 阻障膜I可提昇阻障膜成膜時的成膜選擇性,故能製造 出咼品質的半導體裝置。 【實施方式】 以下邊參照附圖,詳細說明適用於本發明之半導體裝置 的製造万法。X,本發明不侷限於以下所述,凡在未變更 本發明要旨之範圍Θ,可作適度的變更。首先,係以本發 明運用在單層配線者為說明例。再者,以下的圖面乃用於 辅助說明,不免與實際比例相達。 圖1係運用本發明所製作出的半導體裝置之要部截面圖 邊半導體裝置中具有含銅的金屬配線,在該金屬配線上
85018.DOC -11 - 200411750 形成了具銅擴散防止機能的阻障膜。若進一步說明該半導 體裝置的結構,係在預先製作有電晶體等元件(省略其圖示) 的基板1上,將含銅的金屬配線(以下稱為銅配線W,埋入 設在層間絕緣膜3的溝槽内。 層間絕緣膜3,係含有例如Si〇c、Si〇2、siLK、 (聚方香fe醚膜)、添加氟素的氧化矽(FSG)、或是其他低介 電率絕緣膜而構成者。在鋪配線2與層間絕緣膜3之間,形 成具有銅擴散防止機能的阻障金屬膜4,以及在埋入銅線 步馭時,,二%鍍使銅成膜之際作為導電層用途之銅種晶 (seed)層5。_阻障金屬膜4,例如,係含Ta、鹽 、W、WXN、或是此等之積層膜者。 又,在基板1與層間絕緣膜3之間,形成蝕刻終止層6, 含有例如SiN、SiC等。 此半導取置中,在銅配線2上,亦即銅配線2不由 阻障金屬膜4所被覆的表面,亦即_之上面,形成了具銅 擴政防止機此的阻障膜7。此處之阻障膜7,係形成於銅配 線上之包含磷鈷化鎢(c〇wp)膜者。以包含磷鈷化鎢 (CoWP)膜者作為阻障膜7使得該半導體裝置中包含磷鉛化 鶴(CoWP)膜所構成之阻障膜7,可充分發揮銅的擴散防止 膜之機能,可確實防止銅擴散至層間絕緣膜。 又,以包含磷鈷化鎢(CoWP)膜者作為阻障膜7,能夠使 知Θ半導體裝置中的阻障膜7,不像採用為銅擴散防止 膜般地往往弱化了銅擴散防止膜與銅的界面間的抗電致遷 私丨生或因銅擴散防止膜本身因高介電率原因導致rc延遲
85018.DOC -12- 200411750 2長。㈣P,以包含磷純鎢(⑶wp)膜者為阻障膜 -艮好的銅擴散防止性,具有良好的抗電致遷移性,又 ’可抑制半導體裝置之RC延遲。 广種半導體裝置可藉下述方法製得。首先,%圖2所示 身又以CVD(Chem1Cal VaP〇r Depositi〇n,即化學氣相沉積) ^ ’將3{、SiN等材料被覆於基板!上,使姓刻終止層6成 膜。具體而言’係以例如甲㈣(SiH4)為原料氣體,使用 N%及N2的混合氣體,藉CVD法成SiN成膜達5〇nm。 p接著,如圖3所示,在蝕刻終止層6上的全面,使用四乙 乳基錢(TEOS)與02的混合氣體為原料氣體,繼上述㈣ 終止層6的成膜後續以CVD法形成含以〇2的層間絕緣膜3。 該層間絕緣膜3的成膜,可接於上述製程之蝕刻終止層6的 成膜之後續於同一反應室(Chamber)内進行。又,層間絕緣 膜3之形成並不侷限用Si〇2’凡^〇〇等周知的氧化物,或 是低介電率材料等有機材料亦佳。 繼而,如圖4所示,以微影及乾蝕刻製程,在層間絕緣 膜3形成配線用溝槽8之圖案化。例如,可藉下述触刻條件 來蝕刻層間絕緣膜3。 <層間絕緣膜3的蝕刻條件> 使用氣體·· CHF3/CF4/Ar=30/60/800 seem 壓力 :200 Pa
基板溫度:25°C 接著,如圖 5所示,以PVD(Physical Vap〇r Deposition, 即物理氣相沈積)法來形成含有例如TaN的阻障金屬膜4,以 85018.DOC -13 - 200411750 防止銅朝層間絕緣膜3擴散。阻障金屬膜4的材料,除 之外,尚可使用Ta、Ti、TiN、W、WN,或是該等材料之 積層膜等銅保有優良阻障性的材料。 進而,如圖6所示,以PVD法在阻障金屬膜4上形戊鋼種 晶層5。銅種晶層5之功用,係在其後的埋入銅線步驟中經 電鍍形成銅膜之際作為導電層。阻障金屬膜4及銅種晶層5 的成膜並不侷限於PVD法,以CVD法形成者亦佳。 又’對其各別膜厚之設定,除遵循設計規則外,希使阻 障金屬膜4在50 nm以下,使銅種晶層在2〇〇 nm以下為佳。 因而,舉例而言可使含TaN的阻障金屬膜4之成膜2〇 11111厚 ,使位於該阻障金屬膜4之上的銅種晶層5之成為15〇11111厚 。以下所示係此時阻障金屬膜4之PVD成膜條件的一例。 <阻障金屬膜4之PVD成膜條件> DC功率 :1 Kw 製私氣體 · Ar=50 seem AC晶圓偏壓功率:350 W 4 又’以下所示係銅種晶層5之PVD成膜條件的一例,。 接著,如圖7所示,藉由電鍍銅使銅9成膜,將銅9埋入 溝槽8内。此時,係先將作為觸媒金屬1〇a的鈀加入電鍍銅 時使用的電鍍液中。該觸媒金屬10a之功用’係在下述的形 成阻障膜7之際,作為啟動無電電鍍反應的觸媒。又,藉著 使用預加入把等觸媒金屬l〇a的電鍍液來電鍍銅俾將成膜 的銅9埋入溝槽8内,可形成含有觸媒金屬1〇a的銅配線]。 具體而言,形成銅配線2時,能使得觸媒金屬1〇a隨機地分 -14-
85018.DOC 200411750 散配置在銅線2中及其表面。 先^的半導體裝置之製造方法中,欲在銅配線2上形成 阻障膜7時,必須使用高觸媒性的金屬,例如鈀等,在銅線 2的表面施以觸媒活化處理。具體而言,例如,藉著鈀的置 換電鍍將銅配線2的表面置換成鈀,以在銅配線2的表面形 成觸媒活性層’之後,以該觸媒活化層的銳作為觸媒來進 行無電電鍍。 然而在本發之半導體裝置的製方法中,則是同上述般地 預將觸媒金屬l〇a添加入銅的電鍍液中,藉著使用該電鍍液 來進行銅的-電鍍,可形成含有觸媒金屬1〇a的銅配線2。亦 即,使得作為啟動無電電鍍的反應觸媒之觸媒金屬i〇a,分 散配置在銅配線2中及其表面。 藉而,與先前的製造方法中施以觸媒活化處理時的效果 相等,但可省略先前製造方法所入須的觸媒活化處理步驟 因之,本明之半導體裝置的製造方法中,因簡化了製程 而提昇形成阻障膜7的效率,故能以較低成本,製造出能確 只防止銅原子朝層間絕緣膜的高品質半導體裝置。 又,因本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法不須進行觸媒活 化步驟,在形成阻障膜7之際能免於銅配線2受到腐蝕。又 ,因本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法不須進行觸媒活化步 驟,能使得銅配線2免於因腐蝕而產生鑿孔,甚至因腐蝕而 遭致斷線等損傷。因而,不會因腐银而提高铜配線2的配線 電阻,或劣化抗電致遷移性等。因之,不因銅酉己心的腐韻 而發生半導體裝置的動作不良,可製造出高品質的半導體
85018.DOC -15- 200411750 裝置。 再者,因本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法不須進行觸媒 活化步騾,其觸媒金屬不會像先前方法般地吸附、殘留於 層間絕緣膜3,究其結果,因阻障膜7不形成於層間絕緣膜3 ,故在後述之阻障膜7成膜時的膜選擇性獲得提昇。其原因 所在,係因無電電鍍僅在存有觸媒金屬l〇a之處進行,而本 發明之半導體裝置的製造方法中的觸媒金屬1 〇3僅選擇性 地配置在銅配線2上。 此外,因電鍍時一般係採用硫酸銅系的電鍍液,例如以 免為觸媒金屬時,希將硫酸免添加入銅的電鍍液中以作為 上述觸媒金屬的添加方法。然而,若是僅將硫酸鈀加入銅 的電鍍液中,將使銅的電鍍液中因加水分解而產生的水氧 化物,造成該水氧化物浮游於銅的電鍍液中,除引起電鍍 液的變色,亦成為電鍍液的不穩定因素。 此處,在本發明中,希將錯體化的觸媒金屬添加入銅的 電鍍液中。亦即,例如以飽為觸媒金屬時,係藉檸檬酸等 將鈀錯體化後才添加入銅的電鍍液中。如所揭示者,藉著 將錯體化的鈀加入銅的電鍍液中,可避免銅的電鍍液中因 加水分解而產生鈀的水氧化物,不會造成該水氧化物浮游 於銅的電鍍中之現象。因之,不因為鈀的水氧化物造成電 鍍液的變色,或是電鍍的不穩定,故可於穩定條件下進行 高品質的鍍銅作業。 又,除了鈀以外,尚可以金(Au)、白金(Pt)、銀(Ag)、鍺 (Rh)、鈷(Co)、鎳(Ni)、等作為添入銅的電鍍液之觸媒金屬 -16-
85018.DOC 200411750 。即使以該等材料作為添入銅的電鍍液之觸媒金屬,仍以 使用杯棣酸塩、酒石酸塩、琥珀酸塩等適當錯化劑予以錯 m化使成金屬垣後才添入銅的電解液者為佳。 又,因形成阻障膜7的材料不同,用來啟動後述無電電 鍍所必須的觸媒金屬量,亦即存於鋼配線2表面的單位面積 之觸媒金屬分散岔度,亦有差異。因而,添入銅的電鍍液 4觸媒金屬10a的添加量並無限定,只須根據形成阻障膜7 的材質來適當設定。 以下所示一例,係上述添入錯體化的免之銅的電鍍液組 成及電鍍銅勒條件。 <銅的電鍍液組成> 硫酸銅 ·· 200 g/Ι〜250 gn 硫酸鈀 :1〇 mg/1〜1 g/1 檸檬酸胺 硫酸 氯離子 20 mg/1〜4 g/Ι(擰檬酸鈉等亦可) 10 g/Ι〜50 g/1 20 mg/1 〜80 mg/1 光澤劑寺添加劑:適量 〈%錄銅的條件〉
電鍍電流值 :2.83A 電鍍時間 ·· 4分30秒(1 μπι)
電鍍液溫度 :25°C〜30°C
陰極電流密度:1 mA/cm2〜5 mA/cm2 又’上述雖以硫酸銅浴來電鍍銅,^ - 尚可藉硼氟化銅浴、焦磷酸銅浴、
85018.DOC - 17- 200411750 '廣而,如圖8所示,去除多餘的銅9、阻障金屬膜4及銅 種曰曰層5,使銅9僅存於溝槽8内而形成鋼配線2。藉而,使 内含於鋼配線2的鈀外露於銅配線2的表面。亦即,使下一 步騾中藉無電電鍍形成阻障膜7時職司觸媒機能之觸媒金 屬10a,外露於銅配線2的表面。 此處,藉一般泛用的CMP技術以研磨去多餘的銅9等。 此氣私屑研磨層間絕緣膜3的表面及至配線材料僅存在於 溝槽8内,希以層間絕緣膜3上不殘留任何該等配線來控制 研磨進行。在CMP研磨製程中,必須要以研磨去除銅9,阻 障金屬膜4及銅種晶層5之複數種材料,是故,必須要隨研 磨材料來控制研磨液(slurry,研漿),研磨條件等。因之, 有時須進行複數步騾之研磨。以下係一例去除多餘銅之 CMP條件。 <銅之CMP條件> 研磨壓力:100 g/ cm2 旋轉數 :30 rpm 旋轉塾 :不織布與獨立發泡體之積層體 研磨液 :添加H2〇2 (含氧化鋁之研磨液) 泥量 :100 cc/min
溫度 :25〜30°C 接著係在銅配線2上形成阻障膜7,然而,尚須應實際需 要施以前處理,以去除CMP研磨製程後形成於銅配^泉2上的 自然氧化膜’之後’藉無電電鍍法,如圖8所示般地在銅配 線2上形成阻障膜7。藉由採用無電電鍍法,能夠僅在銅配 85018.DOC -18 - 200411750 線2上選擇性地形成阻障膜7,故能省略蝕刻阻障膜7的製程 。以下所示為前處理之一具體例。 <前處理> (1) 脫脂處理:藉鹼性脫脂或酸性脫脂提昇表面之潤濕性。' (2) 氧化處理:以2%〜3%的塩酸等進行中和的同時, 去除表面之氧化銅。 (3) 純水沖洗 上述前處理步騾中,〇)脫脂處理及(2)氧化處理之處理方 法,可例舉如使用自旋式塗敷機的旋式處理、漿式(paddie) 處理(沾取|理液體)、甚至是浸入式(diving)處理等。 接著,以無電電鍍方法,在銅配線2的表面形成例如 CoWP膜作為阻障膜7。c〇wp膜之成膜,係如圖9所示般, 以外露於銅配線2表面之觸媒金屬1(^,亦即鈀,作為觸媒 以啟動CoWP之無電電鍍反應。又,因自我觸媒作用而持 續無電電鍍反應,藉而如圖1〇所示在銅配線2上形成c〇wp 膜。 如以上所述,此處之觸媒金屬丨〇a,亦即鈀,外露於銅配 線2的表面,無電電鍍僅在存有鈀之處進行。因之,可以僅 在銅配線2上選擇性地形成阻障膜7。 又’本發明中的阻障膜7不侷限為c〇WP膜,可採用鉛合 金或鎳合金,將之以無電電鍍法來形成。可例舉如c〇p、
CoB、CoW、CoMo、CoWB、CoMoP、CoMoB等姑合金。 另’可例舉如Ni WP、Ni WB、NiMoP、NiMoB等鎳合金。 再者,亦可採鈷與鎳雙方的合金、鎢與鉬雙方的合金組合
85018.DOC -19- 200411750 等。將鎢或鉬添加入鈷或鎳内可增加銅擴散防止效果。又 ,在無電電鍍時隨後混入的磷或硼,亦可使成膜的鈷或鎳 具有微細結晶構造,有利銅擴散防止效果。 以下所示一例,係用於上述無電電鍍之無電電鍍液組成 及條件。 (Cop之應用例) <無電電鍍液的組成〉 氯化姑:10〜100 g/Ι(硫酸鈷等) 甘胺酸(qlycine) : 2〜50 g/Ι(檸檬酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸、 蘋果酸、丙二酸、蟻酸等胺塩、或該等之混合物) 次亞燐酸胺:2〜200 g/l(福嗎啉、二羥醋酸、聯胺、氫 化硼胺、二甲基胺硼烷(DMAB)等水氧化胺((四)甲基氫氧 化胺(TMAH)等pH調整劑)) <無電電鍍的條件> 電鍍液溫度 :50〜95°C 電鍍的pH : 7〜12 上述無電電鍍液的組成中,以福嗎啉、二羥醋酸、聯胺 等來代替次亞燐酸胺時,將使阻障膜不含磷(P)。又,若使 用氫化硼胺或二甲基胺硼烷(DMAB),可從含磷(P)膜成為 含硼(B)膜。此點在下述的無電電鍍液之組成中亦同。 (CoWP、CoMoP、NiWP、NiMoP之應用例) <無電電鐘液的組成〉 氯化鈷或氯化鎳:10〜100 g/l(硫酸鈷、硫酸鎳等) 甘胺酸:2〜50 g/l(檸檬酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸、蘋果酸、 -20-
85018.DOC 200411750 蟻鉍寺胺塩、或該等 此贫物) 人亞燐酸月文· 2〜200 g/ι(福嗎淋、二經醋酸、聯胺、氣 化硼胺、二甲基胺硼、_MAB)等水氧化胺(⑻甲基氯氧 化胺(TMAH)等調整劑pH)) <無電電鍍的條件>
電鍍液溫度:50〜95°C 電鍍的pH : 8〜12 對於上述無電電鍍,亦可同於前處㈣法,藉著使用自 旋式塗敷機的旋式處理、或是漿式處理、甚至是浸入處理 等方法來成儒。 採上揭作法,可製作出如,所示,具有銅擴散防止機 能、亦具良好的抗電致遷移性。且能降低Rc延遲之高品質 的半導體裝置。 、 如以上所揭示者,本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法中, 形成銅配線2之際,作兵栋+ s芯姑+ 一 係先使至屬配線中含有觸媒金屬i〇a。 具體而言’以電鍍厘入銅配線2之際’係預將觸媒金屬… 添加入電鍍液中’並使用該電鍍液來進行電鍍以埋入銅線: 。又’内含於銅配線2的觸媒金屬i〇a之中 Λ1 士 、 τ 以存在於銅綠 配、、泉2表面 <觸媒金屬1〇a為觸媒核,亦 ^ , > _ - , . 1下為啟動操電 笔鍍反應 < 觸媒,俾藉由益電雷妒:將 、 "田、包包鍍知具有鋼擴散防止機能 的阻障膜7形成於銅配線2上。 在琢方法中,作為啟動無電電鍍反應的 藉銅配線2的形成,分散配置在銅配線2中及^ 1〇a係 表面,因而 ,藉銅配線2的形成,達成相等於先前製 心万法中施以觸媒
85018.DOC -21 - 200411750 活化處理之效果,故可省略先前製造方法所不可或缺的觸 媒活化處理步驟。藉而,本發明之半導體裝置的製造方去 中,得以簡化的製程來提昇阻障膜7的形成效率,故能以較 低成本,製造出能確實防止銅原子朝層絕緣膜擴散之高品 質半導體裝置。 又,本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法中,如以上所述般 無須觸媒活化製程,因之,在形成阻障膜7之際不會使銅2 線2受到腐蝕。因而,可免於因銅配線2的腐蝕而提高配線 電阻或是惡化抗電致遷移性等,避免半導體裝置的動作不 良,故可製造出兩品質的半導體裝置。 再者’因本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法錢觸媒活化 製程,故不像先前方法般地造成觸媒金屬吸附、殘留在層 間絕緣膜3上,究其結果,不會在層間絕緣膜上形成阻_ 7 ’可提昇阻障膜7成膜時的成膜選擇性,故可製造出高品 質的半導體裝置。 再者,上述半導體裝置之製造方法,對於金屬鑲歲法、 雙層配線金屬㈣法等任—種溝槽配線技術均可適用。 接著,乃將本發明應用在具多層配線 說明所謂雙層配線全屬镇山、,a 、 又曰⑽、求至屬鑲敗法的具體製造方法。 首先,如同上述單層酴妗一 ^ 配在時所不,形成圖11之第1配線, 即下層配線。繼而,報摅 下步驟形成第2配線,即上配線 _组 了所述内#中,對於同於上述說明之元件,係 ^與同於上述之符號,以省料細說明。 上層配線之形成,首杰 育先’係施以氫氟酸(HF)溶液處理,
85018.DOC -22- 200411750 以去除層間絕緣膜3上的殘留之銅原子。 繼而,如圖12所示,以CVD法,依序形成含$i〇c且深度 同於接觸孔(via hole)的層間絕緣膜,以及用來防止銅擴散 的SiN膜11。 接著,如圖1 3所示,藉著微影及隨後的乾蚀刻對SiN膜 11加工,俾在下層配線2的正上方且相應於接觸孔的位置形 成開口部12的圖案。 又’如圖14所示’以CVD法’在包含開口部丨2的SiN膜 11上,堆積SiOC達上層配線的深度,以形成層間絕緣膜丨3。 接著’將-光阻塗布於層間絕緣膜13上,藉微影技術形成 光阻罩幕後(圖示省略),以該光阻障幕進行蝕刻而對層絕 緣膜13加工。再繼續蝕刻作業,如圖15所示般地加工層間 絕緣膜1 Ob。該蝕刻作業停止於阻障膜7上。 接著,再藉微影技術以光阻(圖示省略)對配線形成狀以 外的邵分圖案。又,採用該光阻罩幕進行蝕刻。去除光阻 之後,遂如圖16所示,在層間絕緣膜10b内形成了連通阻障 膜7,以層間絕緣膜1〇b為侧壁之接觸孔15 ;又,在層間絕 緣膜13内形成以層間絕緣膜13&siN膜丨丨為側壁之上層配 線溝14。以下將配線溝14及接觸孔15統稱為凹部16。 繼而,如圖17所示,藉由PVD法形成包含例如TaN的阻 障金屬膜17,以防止銅擴散至層間絕緣膜1〇b及層間絕緣膜 1 3,緊接著績以PVD法形成銅種晶層1 8。阻障金屬膜17之 材料,除TaN外,尚可使用Ta、TiN、WN等對具有良好阻 障的材料。銅種晶層18之用功,係在其後的埋入銅線步驟
85018.DOC -23 - 200411750 中經電鍍產生銅膜之際作為導電層者。阻障金屬膜17及銅 種晶層1 8的成膜並不偈限於Pvd法,亦可藉cvd法成膜。 對於各自膜厚的要求,除遵守設計規則外,希使阻障金屬 膜17在5〇nm以下,使銅種晶層在2〇〇11]^以下。 接著,如圖1 8所示,藉電鍍銅將銅丨9埋入凹部丨6。此時 ,係同於上述,預將作為觸媒金屬2〇的鈀,加戊電鍍銅時 所用的電鍍液中。該觸媒金屬2〇的功用,係在形成後述阻 障膜22之際’作為啟動無電電鍍反應的觸媒。又,銅^的 膜厚異於凹部16的深度,希以差距2 μιη下為基準。 接著,如圖19所示,去除多餘的銅19 銅種晶層18,使伽僅存於凹部16,而形成早:= 銅配.泉21藉而’使内含於銅配線2丨中的麵外露於銅配線 21的表面。亦即,使得在次-製程經無電電鍍形成阻障膜 22之際職司觸媒機能的觸媒金屬2(),外料鋼配線η的表 面。 去除多餘的銅19時可用廣被運用的CMp來進行研磨。此 製程須研磨層間絕緣膜13的表面及至配線材料僅存在於凹 ㈣内,希以層間絕緣膜13上不殘留任何該等配線來控制 研磨進行。在CMP研磨製程中,必須要以研磨去除㈣、 阻P早金屬膜17及銅種晶層18之複數種材料,是故,必須要 隨研磨材料來控制研磨液(slurry,研槳),研磨條件等1 之’有時須進行複數步驟之研磨。 接著係在銅配線21上形成阻_22,然而,尚須庫會際 1要施以前處理’以CMP研磨製程後形成於飼配線21上
85018.DOC -24- 200411750 的自然氧化膜,之後,藉無電電鍍法,在銅配線2丨上形成 阻障膜22。藉由採用無電電鍍法,能夠僅在銅配線2丨上選 擇性地形成阻障膜22,故能省略蝕刻阻障膜22的製程。以 下所示為前處理之一具體例。 <前處理> (1) 脫脂處理:藉鹼性脫脂或酸性脫脂,提昇表面之潤 濕性。 (2) 氧化處理··以2%〜3%的塩酸等進行中和的同時, 去除表面之氧化銅。 (3) 純水-沖洗 上述前處理步驟中,(1)脫脂處理及(2)氧化處理之處理方 法,可例舉如使用自旋式塗敷機的旋式處理、漿式處理 (沾取液體)、甚至是浸入式處理等。 接著,以無電電鍍方法,在銅配線2丨的表面形成例如
CoWP膜作為阻障膜22。C0WP膜之成膜,係以外露於銅配 線21表面之·觸媒金屬20,亦即鈀,·作為觸媒以啟動c〇wp 之無電電鍍反應。又,因自我觸媒作用而持續無電電鍍反 應,藉而如圖20所示,在銅配線21上形成作為阻障膜22之 CoWP膜。 如以上所述,此處之觸媒金屬20,亦即鈀,外露於銅配 線21的表面,無電電鍍僅在存有鈀之處進行。因之,可以 僅在銅配線21上選擇性地形成阻障膜22。 之後,可藉著重覆同樣的步騾,製作出可確實防止銅擴 散之高可靠度的多層銅配線。
85018.DOC -25- 200411750 上述所說明者’係本發明應 一例,炊而^ ^ 早層配線及多層配線的 例’、、、而,本發明並未侷限於上述 衷的 要旨的範園内,尚可作適宜變更。 ,在未脫本發明 又’配線之多層化作法,不侷限於上 成配線,亦可採各類作法。 精又層鑲敢來形 本發明之半導fi裝置的製造核 止機能的阻障膜形#/人^ 乃疋知具有銅擴散防 觸媒金屬的電鍍液來進 上者,且,以預加 述金屬配線’並以外露於上…屬的上 凰炎織甜十、 屬配、、泉表面的上述觸媒金 屬為觸媒來進行無電電鍍,俾將且 至 ^ pjl Ft m ^ ^ ^ ^ ,、有上述鋼擴散防止機能 0丨丨早胰形成在上述金屬配線上。 如以上所揭示者,本發明 你你田猫 > 卞亨叙置的製造方法中, 係使用預添入觸媒金屬的電 線,具有先前的製迕方木、仃包鍍以形成金屬配 果田、1 “Μ中相觸媒活域料的同等效 果。Q <,本發明省略了先前 、丄n 士 J表匕万法中所必須的觸媼 活化處理步,驟,故能以簡化的製程 》 、 率,能以較低成本製造出可確奋疋升/且Ρ早月旲的效 # 貝防止鋼原子擴散至層間絕 緣腠的咼品質半導體裝置。 又’本發明之半導體裝置的製 π 1垅万法中,並未進行觸媒 /舌化步驟,因而,不會借令凰 使至屬配線本身遭致腐蝕,故可癸 於因金屬配線的腐蝕導致配線 Λ P % 1丑的上升或是柷電致遷移 ㈣惡化等,避免了該些造成半導體裝置的動作不良之問 遞點’故可製造出高品質的半導體裝置。 再者α本毛月《半導體裝置的製造方法無須觸媒活化
85018.DOC -26- 步驟’因而避夯了春‘、 絡 先則万法中觸媒金屬及附殘留在層間絕 Α匕姻、見象故可提昇阻障膜成膜時的成膜選擇性,故 質的半導體裝置。 因之’若根據本發明 ^ ^ ^ 月 了才疋供一種適用於半導體裝置的 回速化,且品皙佳、 /、 了罪度鬲的半導體裝置。 【圖式簡單說明】 體裝置的構成例,係其 圖1係以本發明製得之一種半導 縱截面圖。 1 圖 圖 圖2用來說明本許 ^明< +導體裝置的製造方法 〇 — 圖3用來說明本發 ^明< +導體裝置的製造方法 之縱截面 之縱截面
圖 圖4用來說明本發 〇 圖5用來說明本發 〇 圖6用來說明本發 圖 月之半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面 明之半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面 明之半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面 圖7用來㊂兄明本& 、 %明 < 半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面 〇 圖8用來說明本菸 %明 < 半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面 〇 圖9用來祝明本& 、 %明 < 半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面
85018.DOC -27- 200411750 圖ίο用來說明本發明之半導體裝置的製造方法之縱截面 圖。 圖11係以本發明形成下層配線時,表示其形成狀態之縱 截面圖。 圖12係一縱截面圖’用來忒明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ,半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖13係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ,半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖14係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ,半導體裝Ϊ之製造方法。 圖15係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ’半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖16係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ,半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖Π係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ’半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖18係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ’半導體裝置之製造方法。 ^ 圖19係一縱截面圖,用來說明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ,半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖20係一縱截面圖,.用來説明以本發明用於雙層鑲嵌時 ,半導體裝置之製造方法。 圖21係一種先前的半導體裝置之構成例的縱截面圖。 【圖式代表符號說明】
85018.DOC -28- 200411750 101 基板 102a ^ 102b 下層配線 103a、 103b 、 103c 絕緣層 104a 阻障金屬膜 105 蝕刻終止層 106a、 106b 上層配線 107 名巴置換層 108 阻障膜 1 基板 2 一 含銅金屬配線 3 層間絕緣膜 4 阻障金屬膜 5 銅種晶層 6 蝕刻終止層 7 阻障膜 8 溝槽 9 銅 10a 觸媒金屬 10b 層間絕緣膜 11 SiN膜 12 開口部 13 層間絕緣膜 14 上層配線溝 15 接觸孔 85018.DOC -29- 200411750 16 凹部 17 阻障金屬膜 18 銅種晶層 19 銅 20 觸媒金屬 21 銅配線 22 阻障膜 85018.DOC -30-

Claims (1)

  1. 200411750 拾、申請專利範園·· L —種半導體裝置的製造方法,其特徵在於·· 障月ΐ含ΓΓ屬配線上形成具備銅擴散防止機能的阻 係以添加觸媒金屬的電鍵液來進行電鍍,以 7 3有觸媒金屬的上述金屬 篆,並以外露於上述 泉表面的上述觸媒金屬為無電電鍍的觸媒,藉 迟至屬配線上形成具備上述銅: 阻障膜。 I< 2. 3. 4. 如申叫專利範圍第丨項之半導體裝置的製造方法 係將上述觸媒金屬錯體化後加入上述電鍍液 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置的製造方去 的觸媒金屬含 Au、Pt、Pd、Ag、Ni、C(^^ 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置的製造方法 的阻障膜含鈷合金或鎳合金的任一種。 ,其中 ,其中 一種。 ,其中 85018.DOC
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TWI234814B (en) 2005-06-21
WO2004001823A1 (ja) 2003-12-31

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