SK287266B6 - Spôsob odlievania roztaveného kovu do telesa, ktoré si samo udržiava svoj tvar - Google Patents
Spôsob odlievania roztaveného kovu do telesa, ktoré si samo udržiava svoj tvar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK287266B6 SK287266B6 SK21-2009A SK212009A SK287266B6 SK 287266 B6 SK287266 B6 SK 287266B6 SK 212009 A SK212009 A SK 212009A SK 287266 B6 SK287266 B6 SK 287266B6
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- shape
- cavity
- mold
- cross
- casting
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007531 graphite casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 and so far Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/049—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for direct chill casting, e.g. electromagnetic casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/07—Lubricating the moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/954,784 US6158498A (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1997-10-21 | Casting of molten metal in an open ended mold cavity |
| PCT/US1998/021567 WO1999020418A1 (fr) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-13 | Moulage d'un metal fondu dans une cavite du moule aux extremites ouvertes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK287266B6 true SK287266B6 (sk) | 2010-04-07 |
Family
ID=25495927
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK21-2009A SK287266B6 (sk) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-13 | Spôsob odlievania roztaveného kovu do telesa, ktoré si samo udržiava svoj tvar |
| SK22-2009A SK287267B6 (sk) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-13 | Spôsob odlievania roztaveného kovu do telesa, ktoré si samo udržiava svoj tvar |
| SK571-2000A SK287265B6 (sk) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-13 | Spôsob a zariadenie na odlievanie roztaveného kovu |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK22-2009A SK287267B6 (sk) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-13 | Spôsob odlievania roztaveného kovu do telesa, ktoré si samo udržiava svoj tvar |
| SK571-2000A SK287265B6 (sk) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-13 | Spôsob a zariadenie na odlievanie roztaveného kovu |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US6158498A (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP1867411A3 (fr) |
| JP (9) | JP2001520122A (fr) |
| KR (3) | KR100803859B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1296158C (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU750545B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9813103A (fr) |
| CA (4) | CA2674153C (fr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ301965B6 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2347887B (fr) |
| HU (1) | HU230027B1 (fr) |
| IS (1) | IS5458A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO334519B1 (fr) |
| NZ (1) | NZ503951A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL187487B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2206427C2 (fr) |
| SK (3) | SK287266B6 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR200001073T2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1999020418A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1009562B9 (fr) * | 1997-07-10 | 2007-02-28 | Novelis, Inc. | Table de moulage avec un systeme permettant d'assurer un ecoulement uniforme a travers plusieurs parois peripheriques permeables de moules |
| US6158498A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-12-12 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Casting of molten metal in an open ended mold cavity |
| WO2004075839A2 (fr) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-10 | Irm Llc | Methodes et compositions pour moduler l'apoptose |
| PL378708A1 (pl) * | 2003-06-24 | 2006-05-15 | Novelis Inc. | Sposób odlewania wlewka dwuwarstwowego |
| US7673656B2 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2010-03-09 | Standard Textile Co., Inc. | Woven terry fabric with non-moisture-transporting synthetic filament yarns |
| US7077186B2 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2006-07-18 | Novelis Inc. | Horizontal continuous casting of metals |
| US7007739B2 (en) | 2004-02-28 | 2006-03-07 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Direct chilled metal casting system |
| EP1940571B1 (fr) | 2005-10-28 | 2016-02-24 | Novelis, Inc. | Homogénéisation et traitement thermique d'alliage d'aluminium coulee |
| US7617864B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2009-11-17 | Novelis Inc. | Cladding ingot to prevent hot-tearing |
| JP5111401B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-01 | 2013-01-09 | ノベリス・インコーポレイテッド | 高い収縮率を有する金属の連続鋳造 |
| US7975752B2 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2011-07-12 | Novelis Inc. | Co-casting of metals by direct chill casting |
| US9953481B2 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2018-04-24 | Touchtunes Music Corporation | Jukebox with associated video server |
| KR100904506B1 (ko) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-06-25 | 성훈엔지니어링(주) | 에어슬립방식의 비원형 연속주조 몰드 및 이의 알루미늄합금의 주조 방법 |
| US7881153B2 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2011-02-01 | Pgs Geophysical As | Steerable paravane system for towed seismic streamer arrays |
| CN101795791B (zh) * | 2007-08-29 | 2012-07-11 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | 具有相同或相似收缩系数的金属的连续铸造 |
| CA2724754C (fr) * | 2008-05-22 | 2013-02-05 | Novelis Inc. | Retention des oxydes au cours du comoulage de metaux |
| JP5250697B2 (ja) | 2008-07-31 | 2013-07-31 | ノベリス・インコーポレイテッド | 類似した凝固範囲を有する複数の金属の連続鋳造 |
| EP3117930B1 (fr) | 2010-02-11 | 2021-12-22 | Novelis, Inc. | Coulée d'un lingot composite avec compensation de la température du métal |
| FR2985443B1 (fr) * | 2012-01-10 | 2014-01-31 | Constellium France | Dispositif de refroidissement a double jet pour moule de coulee semi-continue verticale |
| US8813827B2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2014-08-26 | Novelis Inc. | In-situ homogenization of DC cast metals with additional quench |
| CN103658571B (zh) * | 2012-09-04 | 2016-01-06 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | 一种层状复合材料半连铸结晶器 |
| WO2021195379A1 (fr) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Novelis Inc. | Procédé de commande de la forme d'une tête de lingot |
| JP7505302B2 (ja) | 2020-07-07 | 2024-06-25 | 株式会社レゾナック | 鋳塊の製造装置 |
Family Cites Families (51)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE197045C (fr) * | ||||
| US2245224A (en) * | 1938-09-03 | 1941-06-10 | American Smelting Refining | Apparatus for continuously casting metals |
| US3076241A (en) * | 1959-06-22 | 1963-02-05 | Reynolds Metals Co | Graphite mold casting system |
| US2983972A (en) * | 1960-11-17 | 1961-05-16 | Reynolds Metals Co | Metal casting system |
| US3212142A (en) * | 1962-02-15 | 1965-10-19 | Reynolds Metals Co | Continuous casting system |
| GB1049698A (en) * | 1964-05-05 | 1966-11-30 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of elongate articles |
| US3445922A (en) * | 1966-02-11 | 1969-05-27 | George R Leghorn | Method and apparatus for the forming of longitudinal structural shapes from cast tube |
| US3430680A (en) * | 1966-06-16 | 1969-03-04 | George R Leghorn | Method of forming structural shapes from molten material by stream casting |
| AT291898B (de) * | 1969-05-09 | 1971-08-10 | Voest Ag | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Stahlgußstranges |
| US4207941A (en) * | 1975-06-16 | 1980-06-17 | Shrum Lorne R | Method of continuous casting of metal in a tapered mold and mold per se |
| US4004631A (en) | 1975-07-28 | 1977-01-25 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Electromagnetic casting apparatus |
| CA1082875A (fr) * | 1976-07-29 | 1980-08-05 | Ryota Mitamura | Methode et appareil de coulee de premiere fusion en coquille |
| JPS5340630A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1978-04-13 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Method of augmenting width of cast piece in continuous casting |
| DE2940473A1 (de) * | 1978-04-07 | 1981-01-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von metallprofilen |
| JPS5825845A (ja) * | 1981-08-06 | 1983-02-16 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | ホツトトツプ鋳造装置 |
| JPS58205662A (ja) * | 1982-05-25 | 1983-11-30 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | 金属の半連続鋳造方法 |
| SE459325B (sv) * | 1982-10-20 | 1989-06-26 | Wagstaff Engineering Inc | Saett och anordning foer metallgjutning |
| US4598763A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1986-07-08 | Wagstaff Engineering, Inc. | Direct chill metal casting apparatus and technique |
| SE445181B (sv) | 1982-12-15 | 1986-06-09 | Nippon Light Metal Co | Sett vid kontinuerlig metallgjutning |
| JPS59206133A (ja) * | 1983-05-11 | 1984-11-21 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 鍛造部品の製造法 |
| JPS60257948A (ja) * | 1984-06-04 | 1985-12-19 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | 水平連続鋳造用鋳型 |
| JPS61119359A (ja) * | 1984-11-15 | 1986-06-06 | Showa Alum Ind Kk | マグネシウムまたはその合金の連続鋳造法 |
| CA1274405A (fr) * | 1985-03-01 | 1990-09-25 | Yoshio Kawashima | Methode et dispositif d'apport de materiau a une machine de forgeage a chaud |
| CA1275781C (fr) * | 1986-05-27 | 1990-11-06 | Guy Leblanc | Systeme modulaire de moules pour la coulee continue de lingots de metal |
| US4714498A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1987-12-22 | National Forge Company | Process for producing large section, large mass forged sleeves from large diameter ingots of alloy 625 |
| US4693298A (en) * | 1986-12-08 | 1987-09-15 | Wagstaff Engineering, Inc. | Means and technique for casting metals at a controlled direct cooling rate |
| FR2609655B1 (fr) * | 1987-01-15 | 1989-03-24 | Cezus Co Europ Zirconium | Dispositif de fusion et coulee continue de metaux, son procede de mise en oeuvre et son utilisation |
| JPS63252604A (ja) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-19 | Hitachi Ltd | 連鋳直結圧延方法及び装置 |
| IT1214201B (it) * | 1987-08-05 | 1990-01-10 | Danieli Off Mecc | Impianto per la laminazione diprodotti lunghi da billette e blumi provenienti da piu' linee di colata continua. |
| DE3837642A1 (de) * | 1988-11-05 | 1990-05-17 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von warmgewalzten stahlbaendern |
| JP2656334B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-28 | 1997-09-24 | マツダ株式会社 | 鋳造鍛造方法 |
| JPH02229651A (ja) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-12 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 連続鋳造用複合鋳型 |
| JP2758029B2 (ja) * | 1989-06-19 | 1998-05-25 | マツダ株式会社 | アルミニウム部品の製造方法及びそれに用いる鍛造金型 |
| JPH03110043A (ja) * | 1989-09-22 | 1991-05-10 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | 金属の竪型連続鋳造装置 |
| JPH0648778B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-06-22 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 衛星放送受信装置のａｆｃ方法 |
| US5472041A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1995-12-05 | Cf&I Steel, L.P. | Railroad rail and method and system of rolling the same by conventional or continuous rolling process |
| US5103892A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1992-04-14 | Asarco Incorporated | Continuous casting of discrete shapes |
| JPH03291133A (ja) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-20 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 連続鋳造用鋳型 |
| US5409053A (en) * | 1991-02-06 | 1995-04-25 | Concast Standard Ag | Continuous casting mold |
| JP2639758B2 (ja) * | 1991-08-01 | 1997-08-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | スラブ連続鋳造のスタート方法 |
| JPH0673482A (ja) * | 1992-08-26 | 1994-03-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | アルミニウム合金部材及びその製造方法 |
| US5318098A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-06-07 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Metal casting unit |
| JPH06328197A (ja) * | 1993-05-19 | 1994-11-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | 鍛造用素材の製造方法 |
| US5386869A (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-02-07 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Variable flange beam blank and method of continuous casting |
| US5582230A (en) * | 1994-02-25 | 1996-12-10 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Direct cooled metal casting process and apparatus |
| DE4419387C1 (de) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-08-31 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zum Stranggießen von endabmessungsnahen Gießformaten |
| DE59506676D1 (de) * | 1994-07-25 | 1999-09-30 | Concast Standard Ag | Straggiesskokille für ein Doppel-T-Vorprofil |
| JP3247265B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-06 | 2002-01-15 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 金属の鋳造法及びその装置 |
| NO300411B1 (no) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-05-26 | Norsk Hydro As | Stöpeutstyr |
| NO302803B1 (no) * | 1996-03-20 | 1998-04-27 | Norsk Hydro As | Utstyr for bruk ved kontinuerlig stöping av metall |
| US6158498A (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-12-12 | Wagstaff, Inc. | Casting of molten metal in an open ended mold cavity |
-
1997
- 1997-10-21 US US08/954,784 patent/US6158498A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-10-13 PL PL98340213A patent/PL187487B1/pl unknown
- 1998-10-13 HU HU0200645A patent/HU230027B1/hu unknown
- 1998-10-13 GB GB0012406A patent/GB2347887B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 CA CA2674153A patent/CA2674153C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 CZ CZ20001435A patent/CZ301965B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 WO PCT/US1998/021567 patent/WO1999020418A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1998-10-13 SK SK21-2009A patent/SK287266B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 KR KR1020007004222A patent/KR100803859B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 JP JP2000516794A patent/JP2001520122A/ja active Pending
- 1998-10-13 CA CA2736798A patent/CA2736798C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 AU AU10811/99A patent/AU750545B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-10-13 BR BR9813103-6A patent/BR9813103A/pt active IP Right Grant
- 1998-10-13 KR KR1020077018520A patent/KR100860669B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 CN CNB988125021A patent/CN1296158C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 SK SK22-2009A patent/SK287267B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 CA CA2736400A patent/CA2736400C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 EP EP20070013366 patent/EP1867411A3/fr not_active Ceased
- 1998-10-13 KR KR1020077018521A patent/KR100853074B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 TR TR2000/01073T patent/TR200001073T2/xx unknown
- 1998-10-13 EP EP98953432A patent/EP1034056A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-10-13 NZ NZ503951A patent/NZ503951A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 CA CA002309043A patent/CA2309043C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-13 SK SK571-2000A patent/SK287265B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-13 RU RU2000112553/02A patent/RU2206427C2/ru active
-
2000
- 2000-04-17 IS IS5458A patent/IS5458A/is unknown
- 2000-04-18 NO NO20002020A patent/NO334519B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-17 US US09/572,644 patent/US6260602B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-10-20 US US09/693,494 patent/US6546995B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2009
- 2009-04-06 JP JP2009092425A patent/JP5039743B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2009-04-06 JP JP2009092426A patent/JP2009148837A/ja active Pending
- 2009-09-25 JP JP2009221112A patent/JP5319475B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2012
- 2012-02-13 JP JP2012028759A patent/JP2012091234A/ja active Pending
- 2012-06-01 JP JP2012126303A patent/JP2012157904A/ja active Pending
- 2012-10-22 JP JP2012233018A patent/JP5856035B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2012-11-26 JP JP2012257908A patent/JP2013059810A/ja active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-08-31 JP JP2015171079A patent/JP5894700B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Expiry date: 20181013 |