SE543306C2 - Support structure for tunnel having ultra-large variable section - Google Patents

Support structure for tunnel having ultra-large variable section

Info

Publication number
SE543306C2
SE543306C2 SE1750912A SE1750912A SE543306C2 SE 543306 C2 SE543306 C2 SE 543306C2 SE 1750912 A SE1750912 A SE 1750912A SE 1750912 A SE1750912 A SE 1750912A SE 543306 C2 SE543306 C2 SE 543306C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
tunnel
secondary lining
primary support
support
wall
Prior art date
Application number
SE1750912A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE1750912A1 (en
Inventor
Chunmei Wang
Haiman Guo
Jianbo Kui
Jun Hong
Junru Zhang
Lijie Chen
Qizhu Jiao
Shenglin Jiang
Shupeng Li
Wenhao Sun
Xiangdong Xu
Yanfeng Gong
Zhiwei Yan
Original Assignee
Cn Railway Siyuan Survey & Des
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410777849.XA external-priority patent/CN104500100A/en
Priority claimed from CN201410777881.8A external-priority patent/CN104405411B/en
Priority claimed from CN201420795169.6U external-priority patent/CN204436406U/en
Priority claimed from CN201410776845.XA external-priority patent/CN104653197B/en
Priority claimed from CN201420797002.3U external-priority patent/CN204327118U/en
Application filed by Cn Railway Siyuan Survey & Des filed Critical Cn Railway Siyuan Survey & Des
Publication of SE1750912A1 publication Critical patent/SE1750912A1/en
Publication of SE543306C2 publication Critical patent/SE543306C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for

Abstract

Disclosed is a support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large variable section, the support structure comprising, along an annular shape of the tunnel, a vault (11) at a top portion, an inverted arch (12) at a bottom portion, side walls (13) at two sides and pilot tunnels outside of the side walls (13), and also comprising, along a radial direction of the tunnel, a secondary lining (2) at an inner layer. Pilot tunnel primary supports (42) are disposed outside the secondary linings of the two side walls (13); a boot-type large wall footing (41) is cast between the pilot tunnel primary support (42) and the secondary lining at the two side walls; a primary support (31) is disposed, along the radial direction of the tunnel, on an outer surface of a secondary lining of the vault (11) and a secondary lining (21) of the inverted arch; an inner layer primary support (32) is disposed between the secondary lining and the primary support (31) of the vault; the primary support (31) of the vault and the inner layer primary support (32) are both supported by the boot-type large wall footing (41); and the primary support of the inverted arch is supported by the pilot tunnel primary support (42). The support structure can better overcome insufficient bearing capacity of a soft foundation, and provide a stable foundation for the upper portion of the structure.

Description

id="p-1" id="p-1"
[0001] The present invention relates to the construction of ultra-large section tunnels, and in particular to a support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large Variable section.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION id="p-2" id="p-2"
[0002] With the development of tunnel construction, support solutions for a tunnel havingultra-large section has made great progress, but in large terrns basically employcomposite lining based on new austrian tunneling method, and all use anchor spray as aprimary support, use moulded concrete as a secondary lining, and the structural forms ofsupports are more or less the same, the difference is only the strength of supportsdifferent, such as the length of the anchor bolt, the change in the thickness of the sprayedconcrete, the change in the form of the steel frame, the addition of the steel fiber, thechange in the thickness of the moulded concrete, the change of the concrete label, and soon. The large span tunnel is extremely rare for this project, there is little experience forreference, and in the portal section, the rocks on the surface of the mountain are seriouslyWeathered, With low strength, poor stability and bad stability. After excavating Withtraditional support structure and by excavation method, the arch foot sinks deep, andvault deformation is controlled not easily, even causing the lining cracked and instable, and resulting in collapse of the accident.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION id="p-3" id="p-3"
[0003] The invention is to direct against the above technical problems, and provides asupport structure for a tunnel having ultra-large variable section to better overcome insufficient bearing capacity of a soft foundation, and to provide a stable foundation for PCT/CN2015094286 the upper portion of the structure. id="p-4" id="p-4"
[0004] The present invention provides a support structure for a tunnel having ultra-largeVariable section, the support structure comprises, along an annular shape of the tunnel, avault at a top portion, an inverted arch at a bottom portion, side Walls at two sides, andalso comprises, along a radial direction of the tunnel, a secondary lining at an inner layer.Both the two side walls are provided with pilot tunnels, the side walls are sequentiallyprovided, from inside to outside, along the radial direction of the tunnel, with thesecondary lining and a pilot tunnel primary support; a boot-type large wall footing is castbetween the pilot tunnel primary support and the secondary lining, the vault and theinverted arch are sequentially provided, from inside to outside, along the radial directionof the tunnel, with the secondary lining and a primary support , the primary support of the vault is supported by the boot-type large wall footing. id="p-5" id="p-5"
[0005] An inner layer primary support is disposed between the secondary lining and theprimary support of the vault, the inner layer primary support is supported by the boot-type large wall footing. id="p-6" id="p-6"
[0006] The secondary lining comprises an inverted arch wall secondary lining and anarch wall secondary lining connected end-to-end, the arch wall secondary lining forms aninverted U shape in the cross section, and extends from the bottom of one side wall,through the vault and to the bottom of the other side wall, the construction joints of theinverted arch wall secondary lining and the arch wall secondary lining are located at the middle of the inside wall of the boot-type large wall footing. id="p-7" id="p-7"
[0007] The primary support is formed by employing a spray anchor structure havingreinforcing meshes, steel frames and sprayed concrete. Anchoring structure comprises a system anchor bolt.[0008] The pilot tunnel primary support is formed by employing a spray anchor structure having steel frames and sprayed concrete. Anchoring structure comprises a system anchor bolt.
PCT/CN2015094286 id="p-9" id="p-9"
[0009] The inner layer primary support is composed of steel frames and sprayed concrete. id="p-10" id="p-10"
[0010] The present invention better overcome insufficient bearing capacity of a softfoundation by pilot tunnels being arranged outside the side walls. The primary supportsand the inner layer primary supports of the vault are both supported by the boot-typelarge wall footing inside of the pilot tunnels, providing a stable foundation for the upperportion of the structure while strengthening the connection with the inverted arches. Theprimary supports and the inner layer primary supports of the vault in the invention arematched to form the two layers of composite stiffened vault structure, reducing risk ofremoving the temporary vertical braces of the vault, ensuring construction safety. Byallowing for removing supports early, the use of the temporary supports is reduced, andthe subsequent operation freedom degree is increased, and it is favorable to accelerate the construction schedule and to reduce the construction cost.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS id="p-11" id="p-11"
[0011] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention. id="p-12" id="p-12"
[0012] Among them, 11_vault, l2_inverted arch, 13_side wall, 2_secondary lining,2l_inverted arch wall secondary lining, 22_arch wall secondary lining, šl-primarysupport, 32_inner layer primary support, 41_boot-type large wall footing, 42_pilot tunnel primary support, S-system anchor bolt.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS id="p-13" id="p-13"
[0013] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to theaccompanying drawings and examples. id="p-14" id="p-14"
[0014] The present invention provides a support structure for a tunnel having ultra-largeVariable section, comprising, along an annular shape of the tunnel, a vault 11 at a top portion, an inverted arch 12 at a bottom portion, side walls 13 at two sides, pilot tunnels PCT/CN2015094286 outside of the side walls 13, and also comprising, along a radial direction of the tunnel, asecondary lining 2 at an inner layer. The secondary linings 2 of the two side Walls 13 areboth provided, along a radial direction of the tunnel, with a pilot tunnel primary support42 outside thereof; a boot-type large wall footing 41 is cast between the pilot tunnelprimary support 42 and the secondary lining 2 of the two side walls 13; a primary support31 is disposed, along the radial direction of the tunnel, on an outer surface of thesecondary lining 2 of the vault 11 and the secondary lining 2 of the inverted arch 12, aninner layer primary support 32 is disposed between the secondary lining 2 and theprimary support 31 of the vault 11; the primary support 31 and the inner layer primarysupport 32 of the vault 11 are both supported by the boot-type large wall footing 41. Thesecondary lining 2 comprises an inverted arch secondary lining 21 and arch wallsecondary lining 22 connected end-to-end. The arch wall secondary lining 22 forms aninverted U shape in the cross section, and extends from the bottom of one side wall 13,through the vault 11 and to the bottom of the other side wall 13. The construction jointsof the inverted arch wall secondary lining 21 and the arch wall secondary lining 22 arelocated at the middle of the inside wall of the boot-type large wall footing 41.The primarysupport 41 is formed by employing a spray anchor structure having reinforcing meshes,steel frames and sprayed concrete, the anchoring structure comprises a system anchor bolt5. The pilot tunnel primary support 42 is formed by employing a spray anchor structurehaving steel frames and sprayed concrete, the anchoring structure comprises a systemanchor bolt. The inner layer primary support 32 is employing sprayed concrete structure having steel frames and sprayed concrete. id="p-15" id="p-15"
[0015] As shown in the drawing, the present invention comprises three parts of the twoside walls 13, the vault 11 and the inverted arch 12. The side wall 13 is sequentiallyprovided, from outside to inside, that is, from the side facing the soil to the side backtowards the soil, with the pilot tunnel primary support 42 having a system anchor bolt 5, the boot-type large wall footing 41 and the second lining 2, that is, the boot-type large PCT/CN2015094286 wall footing 41 is arranged inside the pilot tunnel. Among them, the pilot tunnel primarysupport 42 employs sprayed concrete of C30 with a thick of 25 cm, in which steel framesof I20 with longitudinal spacing of 0.8 rn/frame are arranged. The system anchor bolt 5 isa mortar anchor with a length of 3 m and (p 22 mm, and the annular and longitudinalspacing are respectively 1.5 m and 1.2 m. The boot-type large wall footing 41 is cast byconcrete of C30. The secondary lining 2 is divided into the inverted arch secondary lining21 and arch wall secondary lining 22, both are separately cast and are moulded reinforcedconcrete of C35 with a thick of 90 cm, the construction joints are approximately located at the middle portion of the inside wall of the boot-type large wall footing 41. id="p-16" id="p-16"
[0016] The vault 11 is sequentially provided, from outside to inside, that is, from the sidefacing the soil to the side back towards the soil, with the primary support 31 having thesystem anchor bolt 5, the inner layer primary support 32 and the secondary lining 2. Thecomposition of the primary support 31 and the inner layer primary support 32 are bothsupported by the boot-type large wall footing 41. Among them, the primary support 31employs sprayed concrete of C30 with a thick of 35 cm, in which reinforcing meshes ofcp8 mm with a mesh spacing of 20 cm >< 20 cm and steel frames of HW200 with alongitudinal spacing of 0.8 m/frame are arranged, which are supported by the boot-typelarge wall footing 41. The system anchor bolt 5 employs a self-drilling anchor bolt with alength of 6m and id="p-17" id="p-17"
[0017] The inverted arch 12 is sequentially provided, from outside to inside, that is, fromthe side facing the soil to the side back towards the soil, with the primary support 31 and the secondary lining 2. Among them, the primary support 31 employs sprayed concrete of PCT/CN2015094286 C30 With a thick of 35 cm, in Which reinforcing meshes of (p8 mm With a mesh spacing of20 cm >< 20 cm and steel frames of HW200 With a longitudinal spacing of 0.8 m/frameare arranged. The secondary lining 2 employs modeled reinforced concrete of C35 With athick of 90 cm. The inverted arch secondary lining 21 is cast prior to the arch Wall secondary lining 22. id="p-18" id="p-18"
[0018] The secondary lining 2 is divided into the inverted arch secondary lining 21 andthe arch Wall secondary lining 22, both are separately cast and the construction joints areapproximately located at the middle portion of the inside Wall of the boot-type large Wallfooting 41. The arch wall secondary lining 22 is one-time cast by means of a model boardtrolley. The inverted arch secondary lining 21 is cast before the arch Wall secondarylining 22. id="p-19" id="p-19"
[0019] When constructing, the left pilot tunnel is excavated and the pilot tunnel primarysupports and temporary supports are timely constructed; then the boot-type large Wallfooting inside of the left pilot tunnels is casted, and the right pilot tunnel is constructed bythe same process. The two pilot tunnels not only satisfy the construction stabilityrequirement, and find out geological condition ahead, but also leave space for basicconstruction of the expanded boot shape. The boot-type large Wall footing inside of theleft and right pilot tunnels provides a stable foundation for the upper portion of thestructure While strengthening the connection With the inverted arches. The upper half partof the left side of the arch part is excavated, and the primary supports, the temporaryvertical braces and temporary inverted arches are timely constructed; and then the lowerhalf part therof is excavated and the primary supports and the temporary vertical bracesare timely constructed. The upper half part of the right side of the arc part is constructedby the same process, then the middle of arch part is excavated and the primary support istimely constructed, making the three portion connected to form an arched structure. Theinner layer primary support is one-time constructed and the temporary vertical braces and temporary inverted arches of the arch part are removed. The primary support and the PCT/CN2015094286 inner layer primary support forrn a composite stiffened arch part structure, meeting thecomplex load-bearing requirements for large-span structure of the arch part, and enablingflexible control of construction time for the next step structure according to the state ofmonitoring and measurement. Core earth is excavated and the inverted arch primarysupports are timely constructed. After removing the temporary supports of the left andright pilot tunnels, the inverted arch secondary lining is casted, and then the filling underthe tunnel is cast; and finally the arch Wall secondary lining is one-time casted by meansof a model board trolley. The composite stiffened arch part structure lowers the safety riskof removing the temporary supports, reduces the use of the temporary supports, and increases the operation freedom degree and accelerates the construction schedule. id="p-20" id="p-20"
[0020] The support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large variable section provided bythe present invention is different from the conventional "bolting and shotcreting theprimary support and moulding the secondary lining". The structural system hasemphasized the safety of the arch part and the stability of the Wall footing. The technicalideas is novel and original, Which mainly embody in respects that (1) the boot-type largeWall footing (Dilated Wall) is form by expanding tunnel support footing in soft foundation,providing a stable foundation for the upper portion of the structure While strengtheningthe connection With the inverted arches; (2) the two layers of composite stiffened archpart structure (Enhanced Arch) are employed, creating conditions for removing temporarysupports (meeting the load-bearing requirements for arch part With ultra-large span andno inner support structure after removing supports, and preventing the arch part fromlosing its balance), While reducing load-bearing transformation risk caused by removing temporary support of the arch part. id="p-21" id="p-21"
[0021] .The support scheme provided by the present invention has effectively ensured thesafety of the construction and the reliability of the structure, and the technical measureshave been successfully tested in engineering construction. The engineering practice proves that the support principle put forward by this patent is reasonable and effective, PCT/CN2015094286 reflecting innovation and engineering effectiveness of the present invention, and the invention has good practicability in construction.

Claims (4)

1. A support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large Variable section, comprising, alongan annular shape of the tunnel, a vault (11) at a top portion, an inverted arch (12) ata bottom portion, side walls (13) at two sides, and also comprising, along a radialdirection of the tunnel, a secondary lining (2) at an inner layer, wherein both thetwo side walls (13) are provided with pilot tunnels, the side walls (13) aresequentially provided, from inside to outside, along the radial direction of thetunnel, with the secondary lining (2) and a pilot tunnel primary support (42); aboot-type large wall footing (41) is cast between the pilot tunnel primary support(42) and the secondary lining (2), the vault (11) and the inverted arch (12) aresequentially provided, from inside to outside, along the radial direction of thetunnel, with the secondary lining (2) and a primary support (31), the primarysupport (31) of the vault (11) is supported by the boot-type large wall footing (41),characterized in that an inner layer primary support (32) is disposed between thesecondary lining (2) and the primary support (31) of the vault, the inner layerprimary support (32) is supported by the boot-type large wall footing (41), and inthat the secondary lining (2) comprises an inverted arch wall secondary lining (21)and an arch wall secondary lining (22) connected end-to-end, the arch wallsecondary lining forms an inverted U shape in the cross section, and extends fromthe bottom of one side wall (13), through the vault (11) and to the bottom of theother side wall (13), the construction joints of the inverted arch wall secondarylining (21) and the arch wall secondary lining (22) are located at the middle of the inside wall of the boot-type large wall footing (41).
2. The support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large variable section of claim 1, characterized in that the primary support (41) is formed by employing a spray anchor structure having reinforcing meshes, steel frames and sprayed concrete, anchoring structure comprises a system anchor bolt (5).
3. The support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large Variable section of claim l,characterized in that the pilot tunnel primary support (42) is forrned by employinga spray anchor structure having steel frames and sprayed concrete, anchoring structure comprises a system anchor bolt (5).
4. The support structure for a tunnel having ultra-large variable section of claim l,characterized in that the inner layer primary support (32) is composed of steel frames and sprayed concrete.
SE1750912A 2014-12-15 2015-11-11 Support structure for tunnel having ultra-large variable section SE543306C2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410777849.XA CN104500100A (en) 2014-12-15 2014-12-15 Advanced support structure for oversized variable-section tunnel
CN201410777881.8A CN104405411B (en) 2014-12-15 2014-12-15 Oversized variable cross section tunnel supporting structure
CN201420795169.6U CN204436406U (en) 2014-12-15 2014-12-15 Super large Varied section tunnel support structure
CN201410776845.XA CN104653197B (en) 2014-12-15 2014-12-15 Method for constructing extra-large variable cross section tunnel
CN201420797002.3U CN204327118U (en) 2014-12-15 2014-12-15 Super large Varied section tunnel advanced support structure
PCT/CN2015/094286 WO2016095631A1 (en) 2014-12-15 2015-11-11 Support structure for tunnel having ultra-large variable section

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE1750912A1 SE1750912A1 (en) 2017-07-12
SE543306C2 true SE543306C2 (en) 2020-11-24

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SE1750912A SE543306C2 (en) 2014-12-15 2015-11-11 Support structure for tunnel having ultra-large variable section
SE1750913A SE543647C2 (en) 2014-12-15 2015-11-11 Method for constructing extra-large variable cross section tunnel

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE1750913A SE543647C2 (en) 2014-12-15 2015-11-11 Method for constructing extra-large variable cross section tunnel

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MY (2) MY198470A (en)
SE (2) SE543306C2 (en)
WO (3) WO2016095630A1 (en)

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