SE470309B - Sätt och pulver för keramisk svetsning - Google Patents
Sätt och pulver för keramisk svetsningInfo
- Publication number
- SE470309B SE470309B SE9002041A SE9002041A SE470309B SE 470309 B SE470309 B SE 470309B SE 9002041 A SE9002041 A SE 9002041A SE 9002041 A SE9002041 A SE 9002041A SE 470309 B SE470309 B SE 470309B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- fuel
- refractory
- magnesium
- aluminum
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 133
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011822 basic refractory Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- MFJNMOFNZSZVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium chromium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2].[Cr+3] MFJNMOFNZSZVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBQLSHTXSSTFEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].[O-2].[Mg+2].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical compound [C+4].[O-2].[Mg+2].[O-2].[O-2] ZBQLSHTXSSTFEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTKXAXWVFVLNJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr+4].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].[Zr+4].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-].[Zr+4].[Si]([O-])([O-])([O-])[O-] UTKXAXWVFVLNJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N carbon-10 atom Chemical compound [10C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
- F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
- F27D1/1642—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus
- F27D1/1647—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus the projected materials being partly melted, e.g. by exothermic reactions of metals (Al, Si) with oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/65—Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
- C04B35/651—Thermite type sintering, e.g. combustion sintering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898916951A GB8916951D0 (en) | 1989-07-25 | 1989-07-25 | Ceramic welding process and powder mixture for use in the same |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE9002041D0 SE9002041D0 (sv) | 1990-06-07 |
| SE9002041L SE9002041L (sv) | 1991-01-26 |
| SE470309B true SE470309B (sv) | 1994-01-17 |
Family
ID=10660576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9002041A SE470309B (sv) | 1989-07-25 | 1990-06-07 | Sätt och pulver för keramisk svetsning |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2941892B2 (en:Method) |
| KR (1) | KR970009993B1 (en:Method) |
| CN (1) | CN1029610C (en:Method) |
| AT (1) | AT398968B (en:Method) |
| AU (1) | AU628552B2 (en:Method) |
| BE (1) | BE1003523A4 (en:Method) |
| BR (1) | BR9003495A (en:Method) |
| CA (1) | CA2017622C (en:Method) |
| DD (1) | DD296747A5 (en:Method) |
| DE (1) | DE4017163C2 (en:Method) |
| ES (1) | ES2025449A6 (en:Method) |
| FR (1) | FR2650271B1 (en:Method) |
| GB (2) | GB8916951D0 (en:Method) |
| GE (1) | GEP19981001B (en:Method) |
| IL (1) | IL94573A (en:Method) |
| IN (1) | IN176865B (en:Method) |
| IT (1) | IT1241236B (en:Method) |
| LU (1) | LU87749A1 (en:Method) |
| NL (1) | NL194124C (en:Method) |
| SE (1) | SE470309B (en:Method) |
| TR (1) | TR24943A (en:Method) |
| ZA (1) | ZA905790B (en:Method) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9113369D0 (en) * | 1991-06-20 | 1991-08-07 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Improvements in or relating to ceramic welding |
| US5380563A (en) | 1991-06-20 | 1995-01-10 | Coal Industry (Patents) Limited | Ceramic welding |
| LU87969A1 (fr) * | 1991-07-03 | 1993-02-15 | Glaverbel | Procede et melange destine a former une masse refractaire coherente sur une surface |
| US5686028A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1997-11-11 | Glaverbel | Process for forming a coherent refractory mass on a surface |
| GB9121880D0 (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1991-11-27 | Glaverbel | Ceramic welding method and apparatus |
| GB2269223B (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1996-03-06 | Fosbel Int Ltd | Surface treatment of refractories |
| JP3287149B2 (ja) * | 1994-02-14 | 2002-05-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | アルミナ質のセラミックス |
| GB9511692D0 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1995-08-02 | Fosbel Int Ltd | A process for forming a refractory repair mass |
| GB9513126D0 (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1995-08-30 | Glaverbel | A method of dressing refractory material bodies and a powder mixture for use therein |
| JP5630871B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-02 | 2014-11-26 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | 耐火物 |
| NL2023226B1 (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-07 | Advanced Mat Solutions B V | Composition for producing corrosion resistant alloy clad metal pipes |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1293524A (en) * | 1968-10-23 | 1972-10-18 | Foseco Int | Production of refractory shaped articles |
| GB1253974A (en) * | 1968-10-23 | 1971-11-17 | Foseco Int | Prodcustion of refractory shaped articles |
| BE757466A (en:Method) * | 1969-11-04 | 1971-04-14 | Glaverbel | |
| JPS526291B2 (en:Method) * | 1972-05-11 | 1977-02-21 | ||
| GB2035524B (en) * | 1978-11-24 | 1982-08-04 | Coal Ind | Flame spraying refractory material |
| JPS55107749A (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1980-08-19 | Kyushu Refract Co Ltd | Carbon-containing fire brick |
| GB2109099B (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1985-07-24 | Glaverbel | Composite refractory articles and method of manufacturing them |
| GB2154228B (en) * | 1981-11-25 | 1986-04-23 | Glaverbel | Composition of matter for use in forming refractory masses in situ |
| US4489022A (en) * | 1981-11-25 | 1984-12-18 | Glaverbel | Forming coherent refractory masses |
| GB2170122B (en) * | 1985-01-26 | 1988-11-30 | Glaverbel | Process of forming a refractory mass and lance for spraying particulate exothermically oxidisable material |
| GB2170191B (en) * | 1985-01-26 | 1988-08-24 | Glaverbel | Forming refractory masses and composition of matter for use in forming such refractory masses |
| LU86431A1 (fr) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-12-16 | Glaverbel | Procede de formation d'une masse refractaire sur une surface et melange de particules pour former une telle masse |
| GB2213812A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1989-08-23 | Glaverbel | Ceramic welding composition and process |
-
1989
- 1989-07-25 GB GB898916951A patent/GB8916951D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-05-02 IN IN412DE1990 patent/IN176865B/en unknown
- 1990-05-07 AU AU54955/90A patent/AU628552B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-05-28 CA CA002017622A patent/CA2017622C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-28 DE DE4017163A patent/DE4017163C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-29 IT IT67392A patent/IT1241236B/it active IP Right Grant
- 1990-05-31 IL IL9457390A patent/IL94573A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-04 JP JP2147195A patent/JP2941892B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-05 KR KR1019900008287A patent/KR970009993B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-07 SE SE9002041A patent/SE470309B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-07 AT AT0124490A patent/AT398968B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-12 NL NL9001330A patent/NL194124C/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-18 BE BE9000615A patent/BE1003523A4/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-18 FR FR9007688A patent/FR2650271B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-20 LU LU87749A patent/LU87749A1/fr unknown
- 1990-07-13 BR BR909003495A patent/BR9003495A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-17 GB GB9015724A patent/GB2234502B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-17 TR TR90/0611A patent/TR24943A/xx unknown
- 1990-07-19 DD DD90342924A patent/DD296747A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-21 CN CN90104775A patent/CN1029610C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-23 ES ES9001975A patent/ES2025449A6/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-24 ZA ZA905790A patent/ZA905790B/xx unknown
-
1993
- 1993-07-31 GE GEAP19931343A patent/GEP19981001B/en unknown
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