SE449539B - Brenslecellkatod - Google Patents
BrenslecellkatodInfo
- Publication number
- SE449539B SE449539B SE7905543A SE7905543A SE449539B SE 449539 B SE449539 B SE 449539B SE 7905543 A SE7905543 A SE 7905543A SE 7905543 A SE7905543 A SE 7905543A SE 449539 B SE449539 B SE 449539B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- platinum
- alloy
- catalyst
- metal
- particles
- Prior art date
Links
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMHKGULXIWIGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Pt] Chemical compound [Fe].[Pt] CMHKGULXIWIGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002019 Aerosil® 380 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Platinum Metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000929 Ru alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGWBFGXCVJZEPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru].[Sn].[Pt] Chemical compound [Ru].[Sn].[Pt] WGWBFGXCVJZEPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001995 intermetallic alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RGZQGGVFIISIHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Sr] RGZQGGVFIISIHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKJMLYFJRFYBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetraazanium;cerium(4+);tetrasulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OKJMLYFJRFYBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/928—Unsupported catalytic particles; loose particulate catalytic materials, e.g. in fluidised state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8689—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0008—Phosphoric acid-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/922,003 US4192907A (en) | 1978-07-03 | 1978-07-03 | Electrochemical cell electrodes incorporating noble metal-base metal alloy catalysts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE7905543L SE7905543L (sv) | 1980-01-04 |
| SE449539B true SE449539B (sv) | 1987-05-04 |
Family
ID=25446321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7905543A SE449539B (sv) | 1978-07-03 | 1979-06-25 | Brenslecellkatod |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4192907A (it) |
| JP (1) | JPS5524391A (it) |
| AU (1) | AU524630B2 (it) |
| BE (1) | BE877413A (it) |
| BR (1) | BR7904196A (it) |
| CA (1) | CA1122585A (it) |
| CH (1) | CH640671A5 (it) |
| DE (1) | DE2926613A1 (it) |
| DK (1) | DK157772C (it) |
| EG (1) | EG13887A (it) |
| FR (1) | FR2430669A1 (it) |
| GB (1) | GB2024501B (it) |
| IL (1) | IL57701A (it) |
| IT (1) | IT7924032A0 (it) |
| NL (1) | NL7905120A (it) |
| SE (1) | SE449539B (it) |
Families Citing this family (41)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56124447A (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1981-09-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of catalyst |
| US4316944A (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1982-02-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Noble metal-chromium alloy catalysts and electrochemical cell |
| US4373014A (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1983-02-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Process using noble metal-chromium alloy catalysts in an electrochemical cell |
| US4487818A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1984-12-11 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Fuel cell anode based on a disordered catalytic material |
| JPS59110467A (ja) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-06-26 | Toshiba Corp | ア−ク溶接方法 |
| US4822699A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1989-04-18 | Engelhard Corporation | Electrocatalyst and fuel cell electrode using the same |
| US4457986A (en) * | 1982-12-30 | 1984-07-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Use of underpotential deposited layers of metals on foreign metal substrates as catalysts for electrolytic cells |
| EP0149293B1 (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1987-05-13 | Engelhard Corporation | Improved electrocatalyst and fuel cell electrode using the same |
| EP0165024A3 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1987-08-19 | Giner, Inc. | Cathode alloy electrocatalysts |
| US5079107A (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1992-01-07 | Giner, Inc. | Cathode alloy electrocatalysts |
| JPS62269751A (ja) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-24 | Nippon Engeruharudo Kk | 白金−銅合金電極触媒およびそれを使用した酸電解質燃料電池用電極 |
| US5126216A (en) * | 1990-11-27 | 1992-06-30 | Universite Du Quebec A Montreal | Ternary alloy electrocatalysts |
| US5298343A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-03-29 | Ecole Polytechnique De Montreal | Electrocatalysts for H2 /O2 fuel cells cathode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2384501A (en) * | 1942-02-02 | 1945-09-11 | American Platinum Works | Platinum metal catalysts and the manufacture thereof |
| DE1287051B (de) * | 1962-09-07 | 1969-01-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Herstellung von poroesen Gasdiffusionselektroden mit Raney-Katalysatoren |
| US3340097A (en) * | 1964-01-22 | 1967-09-05 | Air Prod & Chem | Fuel cell electrode having surface co-deposit of platinum, tin and ruthenium |
| US3424619A (en) * | 1964-09-28 | 1969-01-28 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Process for using fuel cell with hydrocarbon fuel and platinum-niobium alloy catalyst |
| US3380934A (en) * | 1966-10-20 | 1968-04-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Noble metal catalysts and their production |
| US3506494A (en) * | 1966-12-22 | 1970-04-14 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Process for producing electrical energy utilizing platinum-containing catalysts |
| US3414439A (en) * | 1967-03-13 | 1968-12-03 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Fuel cell and process of using with ruthenium-tantalum alloy catalyst |
| US3989515A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1976-11-02 | Carl Haas | Alloys for tension bands |
-
1978
- 1978-07-03 US US05/922,003 patent/US4192907A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1979
- 1979-06-18 CA CA329,945A patent/CA1122585A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-25 SE SE7905543A patent/SE449539B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-07-02 IT IT7924032A patent/IT7924032A0/it unknown
- 1979-07-02 BE BE0/196078A patent/BE877413A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-07-02 EG EG400/79A patent/EG13887A/xx active
- 1979-07-02 NL NL7905120A patent/NL7905120A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-07-02 FR FR7917114A patent/FR2430669A1/fr active Granted
- 1979-07-02 DK DK280179A patent/DK157772C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-07-02 DE DE19792926613 patent/DE2926613A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-07-02 BR BR7904196A patent/BR7904196A/pt unknown
- 1979-07-02 IL IL57701A patent/IL57701A/xx unknown
- 1979-07-02 CH CH614879A patent/CH640671A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-07-02 GB GB7922937A patent/GB2024501B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-03 JP JP8487579A patent/JPS5524391A/ja active Pending
- 1979-07-03 AU AU48606/79A patent/AU524630B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK157772C (da) | 1990-07-09 |
| IT7924032A0 (it) | 1979-07-02 |
| FR2430669A1 (fr) | 1980-02-01 |
| BR7904196A (pt) | 1980-04-01 |
| NL7905120A (nl) | 1980-01-07 |
| DK157772B (da) | 1990-02-12 |
| EG13887A (en) | 1982-09-30 |
| US4192907A (en) | 1980-03-11 |
| DK280179A (da) | 1980-01-04 |
| CA1122585A (en) | 1982-04-27 |
| IT1121992B (it) | 1986-04-23 |
| GB2024501A (en) | 1980-01-09 |
| BE877413A (fr) | 1979-11-05 |
| DE2926613A1 (de) | 1980-01-17 |
| CH640671A5 (de) | 1984-01-13 |
| IL57701A0 (en) | 1979-11-30 |
| SE7905543L (sv) | 1980-01-04 |
| AU4860679A (en) | 1980-01-10 |
| JPS5524391A (en) | 1980-02-21 |
| AU524630B2 (en) | 1982-09-23 |
| IL57701A (en) | 1982-08-31 |
| GB2024501B (en) | 1983-03-30 |
| FR2430669B1 (it) | 1983-07-08 |
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