RU2741958C1 - Reproduction method of wild garlic - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to plant growing and horticulture, and can be used in farming and agricultural organizations during reproduction of wild garlic. Method includes placing bulbs, coating them with fallen leaves and polyethylene film. Cultivation of the wild garlic bulbs is carried out in a multilayer way in a trench with depth of 80 cm, width of 50 cm and length of 2 m, the bottom of which is filled with chernozem with height of 10 cm, placing bulbs on it tightly and covering their surface with chernozem of the same height - 10 cm. Further, each layer and filling remaining 20-30 cm to the edge of the trench with fallen leaves or straw, finally covering the trench with a polyethylene film.

EFFECT: method allows to simplify reproduction and increase productivity of wild garlic seedlets.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to plant growing and vegetable growing, and can be used in farming and agricultural organizations for the propagation of wild garlic.

The known method, in which the crops of wild garlic are covered with shields made of thin strips with wide slots, which provides shading of the culture. Sowing with seeds is carried out stepwise, that is, at different times to obtain annual production. During the growing season, feeding is carried out to increase the volume of leaves and their juiciness (newspaper Respublika. Publication of the government and the State Council of the Komi Republic on October 28, 2011, Internet http://www.gazeta-reapublira.ru/article.php/42626).

The disadvantages of this method is that the harvest of the same plants is harvested no more than once every 2-3 years. During the growing season, abundant watering is carried out, which significantly increases the cost of implementing the method.

The closest technical solution is a method in which wild garlic is propagated by both seeds and bulbs, on the surface of which a layer of fallen leaves is applied, and the surface is covered with a polymer film (patent No. 2535340, published 08/10/2014, Bul. No. 22, IPC A01G 1 / 00).

The known method is somewhat complicated, since the wild garlic bulbs are placed at a depth of 0.5-0.7 cm in a shaded place with high soil moisture, mulched with beech tree leaves. In addition, a weight of 2-5 kg is applied to the surface of the film for normal plant growth and moisture retention during the germination period, which reduces the efficiency of the method and does not provide a sufficient number of seedlings in the early spring period.

The technical result is to simplify the method and increase the productivity of wild garlic seedlings

The technical solution of the claimed object is that, unlike the prototype method, the sprouting of wild garlic bulbs is carried out in a multilayer method in a trench (80 cm deep, 50 cm wide and 2 m long), the bottom of which is covered with chernozem 10 cm high, placing the bulbs on it close and covering their surface with chernozem of the same height (10 cm), followed by watering each layer, and filling 20-30 cm to the edge of the trench with fallen leaves or straw, and finally covering the trench with plastic wrap. The method is carried out as follows: At the end of November, they dig a trench in the ground with a depth of 80 cm, the width of the trench is 50 cm, the length is 2 meters (depending on the needs, you can lay two or more trenches). The bottom of the trench is covered with a humus composition of the top soil layer of 10 cm. The depth of the trench is designed for multilayer placement of bulbs (4 layers) and is justified by the fact that bulbs germinate during the winter period. For their intensive growth, each layer of bulbs is covered with chernozem 10 cm high and watered with water in the amount of 10-15 liters each layer (60-80 liters of water is consumed for each trench). After watering the last layer, the trench is covered with autumn foliage or straw 20-30 cm high (depending on the climatic characteristics of the region) and tightly covered with plastic wrap in order to keep the plants from frost (as you know, the leaves are a good insulating material). In areas with high permeability of the soil, the edges of the plastic film should extend beyond the edges of the trench by at least 70-90 cm and have a surface runoff in order to avoid waterlogging during snowmelt and heavy rains. By the first decade of January, the trench can be opened, the seedlings by this period reach a length of 10-15 cm and are characterized by a high content of vitamins and enzymes necessary for humans in winter. The antioxidant activity of wild garlic is determined not only by the high content of polyphenols, but also by antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, which provide powerful antioxidant protection against the onset and development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, as well as contributing to the maintenance of immunity ... The calculation shows that from 100 g of fresh wild garlic seedlings, residents of the Chechen Republic receive 49 mg of ascorbic acid (or 70% of the adequate level of vitamin consumption by humans), 177 mg of polyphenols, about 2 g of easily digestible sugars and about 8.5 g of minerals. As a result of our experiments, it was found that this plant is perfectly enriched with selenium, and at the same time the level of antioxidants in it significantly increases.

The parameters of the method for the size of the trench are justified by the need to grow a sufficient amount of wild garlic at minimal cost. As the volume of the trench increases, the cost of collecting bulbs, preparing the trench and watering them increases.

It is advisable to transplant part of the shoots to the beds for further reproduction and obtaining seed material.

Example. At the end of November, a trench is formed 50 cm wide, 2 m long, 80 cm deep.At the bottom of the trench, black soil is placed from the top layer of soil 10 cm high.On this layer of black soil, wild garlic bulbs are laid out close and covered with a layer of earth of 10 cm taken from the surface of the experimental plot. Thus, 4 layers of wild garlic bulbs are laid, while each layer is watered with 15 liters of water. On average, the entire trench takes 70 liters of medium temperature water. 25 cm is left from the edge of the trench, and after watering the last layer, the trench is covered with a layer of fallen leaves or straw, and the top is tightly covered with plastic wrap to protect it from frost.

The data on the results of the experiments are summarized in the table:

The advantage of the proposed method is that it allows you to grow wild garlic by an accelerated method. In winter and early spring, valuable nutritious products of green wild garlic and material for their accelerated reproduction can be obtained.

After planting the bulbs in trenches, there is no need to collect the bulbs in the forest, and since the propagation material will be stored for a long time, using the method parameters every winter - spring period, you can get valuable production of green wild garlic sprouts.

Claims (1)

A method of propagation of wild garlic, including the placement of bulbs, covering them with fallen leaves and plastic wrap, characterized in that the sprouting of wild garlic bulbs is carried out in a multilayer method in a trench 80 cm deep, 50 cm wide and 2 m long, the bottom of which is covered with chernozem 10 cm high, placing on close the bulbs and covering their surface with chernozem of the same height - 10 cm, followed by watering each layer and filling 20-30 cm to the edge of the trench with fallen leaves or straw, and finally covering the trench with plastic wrap.