RU2557303C1 - Method of reduction of production losses of young cattle during transportation and preslaughter treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises feeding the animals during transportation and preslaughter treatment 5 days prior to transportation with a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and mival-Agro at a dose of 40-50 mg per 1 kg of body weight at a ratio of 1:8.

EFFECT: reduction of production losses.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular to livestock, and can be used to reduce the loss of meat products and increase its quality indicators in young cattle under the influence of stress factors caused by transportation and slaughter of animals. It is known that such stress in animals is one of the most severe, entailing a loss in live weight of up to 10% and a decrease in quality indicators of production to 15% [1].

In order to reduce stress on the animal’s body, various pharmacological agents are used - tranquilizers: thyreostatic drugs, antioxidants, antibiotics, organosilicon compounds, etc. [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7].

Known applications as means for the prevention of stress in animals are such organosilicon biologically active growth regulators as mival containing only biologically active silicon; Mival-Agro, which, in addition to mival, in predetermined proportions includes crezacin, which has high auxin ability [5, 7, 8, 9, 10].

The thyroidostatic group includes ammonium peroxide, which has an inhibitory effect on the function of the thyroid gland, inhibiting the entry of thyroxine into the bloodstream, while the feed payment efficiency increases by 10.4%, which leads to an increase in the rate of increase in live weight of animals [2, 3, 4] .

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for the first time to reduce the loss of production of young cattle during its transportation and pre-slaughter content, a mixture of ammonium peroxide and Mival-Agro with a selected ratio in the mixture of 1: 8 at a dose of 30 is fed 5 days before transportation , 40 and 50 mg per 1 kg of live weight, which increases the resistance of animals to stress.

In order to determine the most optimal ratio of drugs, we carried out an experiment in LLC named after them. Tokarlikova Almetyevsk region of the Republic of Tatarstan. 6 groups were formed, experimental animals received antistress additives in the main diet mixed with concentrates 5 days before transportation in accordance with the experimental scheme (Table 1). The live weight of gobies on average in groups of 442-445 kg. The distance of transportation of animals is 110 km.

The research results showed that during transportation, a stressful state occurs in animals, manifested in the form of anxiety, muscle tremors, fever, pulse rate and respiration (Table 2).

In gobies of the control group, during the transportation period, body temperature increased by 0.3 ° C (P <0.05), pulse rate - by 21.9% (P <0.001), respiration - by 36.5% (P <0.001) .

When feeding anti-stress medications to calves 5 days before transportation, these changes in clinical indicators were noted to a lesser extent, especially in the IV and V experimental groups. In particular, body temperature increased by only 0.1 ° C, pulse rate - by 6.9-7.4%, respiration - by 13.9-17.2%.

Transportation of experimental gobies influenced the morphological and biochemical composition of blood in the direction of increasing indicators of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the body, which indicates their stress state (Table 3). Sharp changes in hematological indices were observed in gobies of the control group, less noticeable in peers of groups I and II receiving ammonium peroxide (MKA) and Mival-Agro, bulls of IV and V groups receiving a mixture of CKA + Mival-Agro at a ratio components 1: 8 in doses of 40 and 50 mg / kg body weight, respectively. So, after transportation, the number of red blood cells increased by 18.8% (P <0.001), hemoglobin - by 6.2% (P <0.001), total protein - by 12.3% (P <0.05), lipids - by 17.5% (P <0.001), sugar - by 33.2% (P <0.001), I experimental - respectively 15.4; 4.4; 8.8; 10.7 and 31.1%, experimental II - by 8.6; 2.7; 7.3; 9.8 and 25.1%; experimental IV - by 6.2; 3.0; 4.6; 7.5 and 16.2%, V - by 5.7; 1.8; 5.2; 5.0 and 9.9%. Therefore, with an increase in the dose of CKA + Mival-Agro at a ratio of 1: 8 to 40-50 mg / kg of live weight (groups IV and V), the hematological parameters in value approached the level before transportation. In this case, the influence of a dosage of 30 mg / kg (group III) did not differ significantly from the hematological parameters of animals of experimental groups I and II.

An increase in the hematocrit index during the period of transportation of experimental animals indicates that under stressful loads dehydration occurs in the tissues of the animal’s body and this process is less pronounced when feeding drugs in the IV and V experimental groups.

Feeding the test preparations to the gobies reduced their perception of stress factors and ensured a reduction in live weight loss (Table 4).

The greatest loss of live weight during transportation was observed in control animals and amounted to 22.4 kg or 5.95% of the removable live weight. In animals of the experimental groups I and II, treated with CCA and Mival-Agro, respectively, they amounted to 20.2 and 18.6 kg or 4.54 and 4.20% of the removable live weight, in animals of the III, IV and V experimental groups, those who received a mixture of HCA and Mival-Agro at a ratio of 1: 8 at a dose of 30, 40 and 50 mg / kg body weight, the loss was 19.0; 17.2 and 17.0 kg or 4.29; 3.87 and 3.82%. Compared to control peers, they decreased in calves of group I by 2.2 kg (P <0.01), II by 3.8 kg (P <0.01), III by 3.4 kg (P <0 , 01), IV - by 5.2 kg (P <0.01) and V - by 5.4 kg (P <0.01).

Differences in the value of losses during transportation in favor of peers of groups IV and V compared with the experimental groups I and II were from 1.6 to 3.0 kg, respectively, which indicates a higher physiological activity of synergistically selected components of CKA and Mival-Agro with a ratio in a 1: 8 mixture when feeding at a dose of 40-50 mg / kg body weight than using them individually.

The content of the bulls on the pre-slaughter base affected the further general losses of their live weight, which ranged from 27.4 kg (V group) to 34.4 kg (control group) or from 6.15 to 7.76%.

The smallest losses were noted for young V experimental group. Control bulls lost body weight more than the experimental I, II, III, IV, and V groups, respectively, by 3.2 kg (0.75%; P <0.01), 4.6 kg (1.03%; P < 0.01), 4.4 kg (0.99%; P <0.01), 6.8 kg (1.55%; P <0.01) and 7.0 kg (1.61%; P <0.01).

The use of a complex anti-stress additive of a mixture of ammonium peroxide and Mival-Agro with a selected ratio of 1: 8 when fed with concentrates of 40-50 mg per 1 kg of live weight with an exposure of 7 days before transportation helps to reduce average weight loss by 6, 9 kg (1.58%).

Due to the reduction of production losses when feeding gobies with anti-stress drugs, the carcasses obtained were heavier in the I, II, III, IV and V experimental groups by 3.2 respectively; 3.4; 3.0; 6.0 and 6.8 kg, and the slaughter yield increased by 0.1-0.46% (Table 5). The advantage for IV and V groups of animals.

The use of a mixture of ammonium perchlorate (HKA) and Mival-Agro in a ratio of 1: 8 as anti-stress medications during transportation and pre-slaughter aging of bull-calves is economically profitable (Table 6); additional profit per 1 head was obtained at a sale cost of 70 rubles. per 1 kg of live weight - 265.1-418.8 rubles. The excess cost of additional products from bulls III, IV and V of the experimental groups in relation to the I and II experimental groups was 1.6-1.9 times.

Thus, to reduce production losses under the influence of technological stress factors, along with anti-stress drugs in experimental groups I and II, the use of ammonium peroxide and Mival-Agro in a ratio of 1: 8 in a dose of 40-50 mg / kg live has a great economic advantage masses with an exposure of 7 days before transportation (IV group of animals).

Literature

1. Fomichev Yu.P., Levantin D.L. Pre-slaughter stresses and beef quality. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1981. - 166 p.

2. Lebedev P.T., Peregudova V.F. The use of ammonium chloride in the rearing of young animals. Booklet. - 1987. - 2 p.

3. Chernykh R.N., Pepedina V.A. The use of thyreostatic drugs and salts to normalize the physiological state and increase the productivity of young animals under stress // Ref. Journal. - 1988. - No. 2. - S. 11.

4. Sizov F.M., Levakhin V.I. Stress correction in young cattle. - Orenburg: Publishing Center of the OGAU, 1999. - 244 p.

5. Fomichev Yu.P., Kleimenov R.V. The use of organosilicon compounds in increasing the meat productivity of gobies / Materials of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference "Bioelements". - Orenburg, 2007 .-- S. 156-160.

6. Levakhin V.I. et al. Stresses and methods for their correction in farm animals: Monograph. - Moscow, 2008 .-- 161 p.

7. Levakhin V.I., Salo A.V., Sirazetdinov F.Kh., Belyaev A.I. Improving the adaptive abilities and meat productivity of young animals with industrial technology for beef production. Monographs. - M.: “Bulletin of the RAAS, 2010. - 406 p.

8. Patent No. 2396948 of the Russian Federation, Bull. No. 23, published on 08/20/2010. - 4 p.

9. Denisov D.A. The use of the organosilicon preparation Energosil in the diets of young and laying hens. Abstract. diss. for a job. scientific step. Cand. S.-kh. sciences. - Saransk, 2013 .-- 24 p.

10. Application for invention No. 2014107199; date of receipt 02.25.2014. - 11 p.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the loss of production of young cattle during its transportation and pre-slaughter content, characterized in that the animals are fed a mixture of ammonium peroxide and mival-Agro at a dose of 40-50 mg per 1 kg of live weight 5 days before transportation at a ratio of 1: 8 .