RU2649808C1 - Method for reducing loss of productivity of meat bulls in industrial complex under technological stresses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary.

SUBSTANCE: invention is method for reducing meat production losses of meat bulls in industrial complex under technological stresses, including feeding antistress agent, characterized in that as anti-stress preparation 7 days before the stress factor is applied, the animals are fed in a mixture with “Zigbir” concentrates in dose of 30 mg/kg of live weight.

EFFECT: invention provides reduction in meat production losses of meat bulls in industrial complex conditions with technological stresses for 7 days before the impact of the stress factor after feeding “Zigbir” in a dose of 30 mg/kg of live weight.

1 cl, 7 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production, in particular to livestock, and can be used to reduce the loss of meat products to increase its quality indicators in gobies of meat breeds under the influence of stress factors caused by weighing, taking blood samples, transportation and slaughter animals.

An animal subject to the influence of negative stress, noticeably loses weight, weakens, loses resistance to diseases and, as a result, livestock enterprises and farms suffer significant economic losses [1, 2, 3].

It is known that only when transporting livestock, the loss of live weight reaches up to 10%, and when pre-slaughtering at meat processing plants, they increase by 4.1% in the first day, by 5.6% in the second and 6.9% in the third at the same time, production indicators are reduced to 15% [4, 5].

It should be noted that in recent years, ways to reduce the harmful effects of stressors on the animal organism have been actively sought. At the same time, one of the high-tech areas in the system of protecting animal health in industrial technology is the correction of maladaptation using mild biological preparations (adaptogens, antioxidants, hepatoprotectors, immunotropic drugs) that improve the state of the body's functional systems that can be metabolized to natural biotope products, which determines the limitation in the use of synthetic drugs [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11].

Such substances include the Zigbir preparation, which is dried fragments of medicinal plants mixed in the following proportions: Paniculate Androtrafis (Andrographis paniculata) - 27%, Black nightshade (Solarium nigrum) - 27.7%, Phyllanthus amarus bitter (Phyllanthus amarus) - 27.7%, Berkhavia spreading (Boerhavia diffusa) 16.9% [12].

Due to the presence of these components, Zigbir has a hematoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, antitoxic effect, increases the safety of animals, improves productivity, average daily gain, digestibility and feed conversion, improves liver function.

The above served as the basis for the study of a number of morphological and biochemical blood parameters of gobies under technological stress; the possibility of minimizing external influences, the aggressive effects of technological stress and the concentration of protective forces in response to a potentially damaging stimulus through the use of Zigbira.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for the first time in order to reduce the loss of meat productivity of meat bulls in industrial conditions under technological stress 7 days before exposure to the stress factor, Zigbir is fed at a dose of 30 mg / kg live weight, which increases resistance to stress .

In order to determine the most optimal ratio of drugs, we conducted an experiment at the Simur breed bulls (meat type) at JSC Nur Agrofirm of the Sterlibashevsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan. 5 groups were formed, experimental animals received antistress supplements in the main diet mixed with concentrates 7 days before exposure to the stress factor in accordance with the experimental design (Table 1). The live weight of gobies on average in groups of 224.7-225.8 kg.

It has been established that the most potent stress factor is transportation to a meat processing plant and slaughtering animals, which manifests itself in the form of anxiety, muscle tremors, fever, pulse rate and respiration (Table 2).

In gobies of the control group, during the period of veterinary processing, body temperature increased by 0.5 ° С, pulse rate - by 12.3%, respiration - by 24.9%.

When feeding an anti-stress drug to calves 7 days before exposure to a stress factor, these changes in clinical indicators were noted to a lesser extent, especially in the IV and II experimental groups. In particular, body temperature increased by only 0.1 ° C, pulse rate - by 6.6-6.9%, respiration - by 9.0-15.6%.

The impact of the stress factor on the experimental gobies affected the morphological and biochemical composition of the blood in the direction of increasing indicators of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the body, which indicates their stress state (Table 3). Significant changes in hematological parameters were observed in gobies of the control group: the number of red blood cells increased by 17.7%, white blood cells - by 7.5%, hemoglobin - by 5.9%, total protein - by 5.5%, and insignificant among peers I - respectively 8.0%, 4.3%, 4.2%, 2.8% and group III - 5.3%, 2.1%, 3.0%, 4.1%, they were especially insignificant in bull calves IV - by 5.8%, 0.7%, 1.9% 1.7% and group II - by 7.1%, 4.1%, 2.9% 3.2%, who received this drug in doses of 10 and 30 mg / kg body weight, respectively.

In the experimental groups there is a decrease in glucose I - by 6%, II - by 10%; III - by 8%; IV - by 13%.

An increase in the hematocrit during technological stresses indicates that under stress the dehydration occurs in the tissues of the animal’s body and this process is less evident when the drug is fed in the II and IV experimental groups.

According to the results of a biochemical analysis of blood serum, we can say that, in general, there were no significant deviations from the norm in either the control or the experimental group.

As studies have shown, under the same conditions and level of feeding used during the experiment, the test drug had a positive effect on maintaining the productivity of calves of the Simmental breed of meat type during the technological stress factor and, in fact, on increasing live weight (Table 4).

So, at the age of 12 months, the young growth of the control group reached a live weight of 333.3 kg, while when feeding the drug “Zigbir”, respectively, 1.2, 4.6, 2.0 and 6.4 kg more.

At the end of the experiment (18 months), the bulls receiving the test drug reached a live weight of 495.6 kg, 502.2 kg, 498.3 and 508.7 kg, and control individuals - 484.9 kg or less, respectively, 2, one%; 3.4%; 2.7% and 5.0%.

The maximum daily average gains for the period of the experiment were obtained from animals of the IV experimental group. They exceeded the peers of the control group by 9.1% in this indicator, and the experimental group by 4.6%; II experimental - by 2.2%; III - by 3.4%.

The use of Zigbira as an anti-stress additive contributed to a reduction in live weight loss of calves during transportation to a meat processing plant (Table 5).

So, in control individuals the path loss was 18.4 kg, in I, II, III, and IV experimental groups, by 0.5, respectively; 0.9, 0.8 and 1.2% lower. Among the experimental groups, the youngest of the IV experimental group was the least lost in the way - 2.7%, which is lower than that of peers of the I, II and III experimental groups by 0.7, 0.3 and 0.4%, respectively.

The pre-slaughter content of the bulls of the experimental groups during the period of fasting caused a further increase in the loss of live weight. They amounted to 14.4-16.0 kg or 3.0-3.6% of the removable weight. Moreover, production losses in gobies of the control group were 0.3–0.6% more than in experienced peers.

The total loss of live weight during the period of transportation and pre-slaughter content of the bulls of the control group amounted to 34.4 kg, I, II, III and IV of the experimental groups - respectively 31.4; 29.0, 30.0 and 27.6 kg or 7.5; 6.7; 6.0, 6.3 and 5.7% of the removable weight. At the same time, animals that did not receive anti-stress medication during the pre-slaughter period lost their body weight by 3.0–6.8 kg or 0.8–1.8% more.

Bulls of group IV turned out to be more resistant to the effects of pre-slaughter stress factors.

Due to the reduction of production losses when feeding the anti-stress drug to the calves, the carcasses obtained were harder in the I, II, III and IV experimental groups, respectively, by 8.3; 15.7; 11.5 and 21.6 kg or 3.4, 6.5, 4.7 and 8.9% higher; and the slaughter yield increased by 0.1, 0.6, 0.3 and 0.9% (table. 6). The advantage was for II and IV experimental groups of animals.

The use of Zigbira as an anti-stress drug is economically viable (Table 7). Received additional profit per 1 head at a selling cost of 110 rubles per 1 kg of live weight - 312.25-797.42 rubles.

Thus, to reduce the loss of meat productivity of young cattle in an industrial complex, the use of Zigbir at a dose of 30 mg / kg live weight with an exposure of 7 days to the acting stress factor (group IV) has a great economic advantage.

Literature

1. Levakhin V.N., Azhmuldinov E.A., Lasygina Yu.A. and other Intensity of growth and loss of meat products during technological stresses in gobies of various breeds // Bulletin of meat cattle breeding. 2016. No.1 (93). - S. 60-65.

2. Levakhin V.I., Azhmuldinov E.A., Titov M.G. and others. The use of diludine and energy and their complex to reduce the loss of live weight of young cattle // In the collection: Innovative directions and developments for effective agricultural production. Materials of the international scientific-practical conference dedicated to the memory of the corresponding member of the RAS V.I. Levakhin: in 2 parts. 2016 .-- S. 21-24.

3. Levakhin V.I., Azhmuldinov E.A., Lasygina Yu.A. et al. The use of anti-stress drugs to reduce production losses of young cattle under technological stresses // B collection: Innovative directions and developments for efficient agricultural production. Materials of the international scientific-practical conference dedicated to the memory of the corresponding member of the RAS V.I. Levakhin: in 2 parts. 2016 .-- S. 25-29.

4. Fomichev Yu.P., Levantin D.L. Pre-slaughter stresses and beef quality. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1981. - 166 p.

5. Levakhin V.I., Gorlov I.F., Kalashnikov V.V. and other Use of unconventional feed, feed additives and biologically active substances in the production of beef / M .: Russian Agricultural Academy, 2008. - 404 p.

6. Patent for invention RU No. 2551967, published on 06/10/2015, Bull. 16 (prototype).

7. Patent for invention RU No. 2396948, published on 08/20/2010, Bull. Number 23.

8. Titov M.G., Levakhin V.I., Azhmuldinov E.A. et al. Influence of feeding adaptogenic preparations on the physiological status of gobies under technological stresses // Innovative developments on import substitution in the agri-food sector. Materials of the international scientific-practical conference dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding. 2015 .-- S. 80-83.

9. Levakhin V.I., Azhmuldinov E.A., Titov M.G. et al. Growth intensity and adaptive qualities of gobies of various breeds under the influence of technological stress factors // Bulletin of Beef Cattle Breeding 2015. No. 1 (89). - S. 54-58.

10. Salo A.V., Popov V.V., Poberukhin M.M., Titov M.G. and other Stress resistance of purebred and cross-breeding young cattle to transport and pre-slaughter stresses // Innovative directions of increasing the efficiency of agricultural production. Materials of the international scientific-practical conference. Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding. 2010.S. 116-117.

11. Azhmuldinov E.A., Titov M.G. A comparative assessment of the adaptive ability of bulls of various breeds // Ways to intensify the production and processing of agricultural products in modern conditions. Materials of the international scientific-practical conference: in 2 parts. Edited by V.N. Temple. 2012.S. 54-56.

12. The company LLC Medoprovet. Zigbir is a hepatoprotector based on medicinal plants. Livestock Technology Magazine, No. 3-4 (74) March-April 2014. e-mail: info @ medoprovet: ru

Table 1 Scheme of the experiment Group Number of animals., Goal. Age, month Effective Stress Factor Feeding Features Control fifteen 8 The main diet - OR I experienced fifteen 8 RR + 5 mg / kg body weight (gm) of the preparation “Zigbir” 7 days before transportation II experienced fifteen 8 Transportation, slaughter RR + 10 mg / kg Zigbir preparation 7 days before transportation III experienced fifteen 8 RR + 20 mg / kg Zigbir preparation 7 days before transportation IV experienced fifteen 8 RR + 30 mg / kg Zigbir preparation 7 days before transportation

table 2 Clinical indicators in experimental animals Indicator Group Control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Before transportation Body temperature, ° С 38.6 ± 0.01 38.7 ± 0.01 38.5 ± 0.02 38.7 ± 0.02 38.6 ± 0.02 Heart rate in minutes 65.0 ± 0.05 65.3 ± 0.03 65.7 ± 0.05 65.4 ± 0.06 65.0 ± 0.07 Respiratory rate in minutes 28.5 ± 0.04 29.8 ± 0.05 29.0 ± 0.06 28.8 ± 0.05 29.5 ± 0.06 After transportation Body temperature, ° С 39.1 ± 0.02 38.9 ± 0.01 38.9 ± 0.02 38.9 ± 0.01 38.8 ± 0.01 Heart rate in minutes 73.0 ± 0.33 72.0 ± 0.40 70.2 ± 0.51 70.7 ± 0.47 69.3 ± 0.56 Respiratory rate in minutes 35.6 ± 0.44 33.3 ± 0.56 31.6 ± 0.31 32.9 ± 0.34 31.2 ± 0.37

Table 3 Morphological and biochemical composition of blood in experimental animals Indicator Group Control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Before transportation Red blood cells, 10 ¹² k / l 6.74 ± 0.15 6.80 ± 0.18 6.73 ± 0.16 6.82 ± 0.18 6.79 ± 0.17 White blood cells, 10 ⁹ f / l 6.93 ± 0.21 7.00 ± 0.22 6.90 ± 0.23 7.03 ± 0.21 7.05 ± 0.22 Total protein, g / l 87.33 ± 0.47 88.56 ± 0.45 87.71 ± 0.40 87.21 ± 0.41 88.64 ± 0.40 Hemoglobin, g / l 118.7 ± 0.62 118.1 ± 0.63 118.3 ± 0.60 118.4 ± 0.62 118.9 ± 0.62 Hematocrit% 25.7 ± 0.32 25.7 ± 0.33 25.6 ± 0.38 25.8 ± 0.40 25.8 ± 0.39 Glucose, mol / g 2.58 ± 0.15 2.64 ± 0.18 2.71 ± 0.14 2.77 ± 0.15 2.53 ± 0.15 Albumin, g / l 35.78 ± 0.32 36.81 ± 0.34 37.01 ± 0.32 37.01 ± 0.32 36.97 ± 0.34 Bilirubin, total. μmol / l 5.07 ± 0.17 5.07 ± 0.18 5.06 ± 0.19 5.08 ± 0.19 5.07 ± 0.17 Cholesterol, mmol / L 4.36 ± 0.10 4.27 ± 0.05 4.30 ± 0.12 4.35 ± 0.11 4.33 ± 0.10 Triglycerides, mmol / L 0.30 ± 0.02 0.32 ± 0.03 0.33 ± 0.02 0.30 ± 0.03 0.34 ± 0.02 Urea, mmol / L 3.2 ± 0.09 3.7 ± 0.10 3.8 ± 0.08 3.2 ± 0.10 3.2 ± 0.06 Creatinine, μmol / L 38.21 ± 0.38 37.33 ± 0.40 38.13 ± 0.41 38.24 ± 0.40 37.18 ± 0.41 After transportation Red blood cells, 10 ¹² k / l 7.93 ± 0.23 7.35 ± 0.23 7.21 ± 0.25 7.27 ± 0.22 7.18 ± 0.25 White blood cells, 10 ⁹ f / l 7.45 ± 0.30 7.30 ± 0.31 7.18 ± 0.33 7.18 ± 0.34 7.10 ± 0.31 Total protein, g / l 92.15 ± 0.50 91.00 ± 0.45 90.53 ± 0.47 90.74 ± 0.50 90.13 ± 0.48 Hemoglobin, g / l 125.7 ± 0.50 123.1 ± 0.54 121.7 ± 0.50 122.0 ± 0.52 121.1 ± 0.48 Hematocrit% 48.3 ± 0.33 46.7 ± 0.34 44.6 ± 0.33 45.7 ± 0.35 43.2 ± 0.34 Glucose, mol / g 3.97 ± 0.18 3.58 ± 0.22 3.15 ± 0.24 3.27 ± 0.25 3.00 ± 0.23 Albumin, g / l 33.57 ± 0.34 34.18 ± 0.35 35.11 ± 0.38 35.74 ± 0.40 36.15 ± 0.41 Bilirubin, total. μmol / l 5.28 ± 0.18 4.77 ± 0.15 4.54 ± 0.18 4.68 ± 0.17 4.40 ± 0.18 Cholesterol, mmol / L 5.12 ± 0.20 3.80 ± 0.21 3.75 ± 0.23 3.75 ± 0.20 3.34 ± 0.20 Triglycerides, mmol / L 0.31 ± 0.05 0.29 ± 0.06 0.27 ± 0.04 0.29 ± 0.05 0.26 ± 0.06 Urea, mmol / L 5.3 ± 0.12 4.7 ± 0.15 4.0 ± 0.16 4,5 ± 0,13 3.7 ± 0.14 Creatinine, μmol / L 38.87 ± 0.40 37.00 ± 0.41 36.30 ± 0.38 36.47 ± 0.40 36.13 ± 42

Table 4 Live weight and average daily gain of experimental animals Indicator, month Group Control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Live weight kg 8 225.6 ± 0.97 225.0 ± 0.82 225.4 ± 1.06 224.7 ± 0.88 225.8 ± 0.97 10 278.4 ± 1.11 278.4 ± 1.14 279.3 ± 1.05 278.5 ± 1.15 280.0 ± 1.11 12 333.3 ± 2.31 334.5 ± 2.23 337.9 ± 2.30 335.3 ± 2.10 339.7 ± 2.21 fourteen 388.4 ± 2.40 390.1 ± 3.51 394.0 ± 4.30 390.9 ± 4.10 397.1 ± 3.98 16 437.0 ± 3.19 441.1 ± 4.20 446.8 ± 3.25 443.4 ± 3.89 452.1 ± 4.18 eighteen 484.9 ± 4.23 495.6 ± 4.56 502.2 ± 5.25 498.3 ± 4.18 508.7 ± 5.77 The average daily gain, g 8-10 880 ± 2.54 890 ± 2.78 898 ± 2.85 897 ± 3.00 903 ± 3.17 10-12 915 ± 5.70 935 ± 6.85 977 ± 7.46 947 ± 7.55 995 ± 8.25 12-14 918 ± 5.65 927 ± 5.38 935 ± 5.78 927 ± 5.88 957 ± 11.00 14-16 610 ± 21.32 650 ± 22.35 880 ± 21.45 875 ± 21.78 917 ± 22.00 16-18 798 ± 20.13 908 ± 20.25 923 ± 25.42 915 ± 23.46 943 ± 25.78 8-18 864 ± 20.05 902 ± 21.25 923 ± 28.27 912 ± 25.45 943 ± 26.78

Table 5 Loss of live weight in experimental animals during transportation and pre-slaughter Indicator, month Group Control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Removable live weight, kg 484.0 ± 1.87 495.1 ± 1.94 501.4 ± 1.76 497.6 ± 1.97 508.1 ± 1.90 Live weight after transportation 465.6 ± 1.87 478.9 ± 1.97 486.8 ± 1.80 482.6 ± 1.99 494.9 ± 1.95 Loss in transit kg 18,4 16,2 14.6 15.0 13,2 % 3.9 3.4 3.0 3,1 2.7 Live weight after starvation, kg 449.6 ± 1.83 463.7 ± 1.93 472.4 ± 1.79 467.6 ± 1.95 480.5 ± 1.76 Loss of live weight after fasting kg 16,0 15,2 14,4 15.0 14,4 % 3.6 3.3 3.0 3.2 3.0 Total losses kg 34,4 31,4 29.0 30,0 27.6 % 7.5 6.7 6.0 6.3 5.7 Reduce live weight loss kg - 3.0 5,4 4.4 6.8 % - 0.8 1,5 1,2 1.8

Table 6 The results of the control slaughter of experimental animals Indicator, month Group Control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Slaughter live weight, kg 449.6 ± 183 463.7 ± 1.93 472.4 ± 1.79 467.6 ± 1.76 480.5 ± 1.95 Weight of fresh carcass, kg 243.3 ± 1.25 251.6 ± 1.33 259.0 ± 1.20 254.8 ± 1.41 264.9 ± 1.27 Mascara yield,% 54.1 54.3 54.8 54.5 55.1 Mass of internal fat, kg 12.1 ± 0.17 12.3 ± 0.21 12.2 ± 0.15 12.2 ± 0.20 12.4 ± 0.15 The output of internal fat, kg 2.69 2.65 2,58 2.61 2,58 Slaughter weight, kg 255.4 ± 1.38 263.9 ± 1.41 271.2 ± 1.50 267.0 ± 1.35 277.3 ± 1.33 Slaughter yield,% 56.8 56.9 57.4 57.1 57.7

Table 7 Calculation of the economic efficiency of using an anti-stress drug Indicator, month Group Control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Reduction of live weight loss during transportation, kg / goal - 3.0 5,4 4.4 6.8 The cost of additional products, rubles / goal. - 330 594 484 748 The cost of the drug, rubles / goal. - 17.75 33.34 28.60 40.58 Received additional profit, rubles / goal. - 312.25 560.66 455.40 707.42

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the loss of meat productivity of meat bull-calves in an industrial complex under technological stresses, including feeding an anti-stress drug, characterized in that as an anti-stress drug 7 days before exposure to a stress factor, the animals are fed with a mixture of Zigbir concentrates in a dose of 30 mg / kg live weight.