RU2300882C2 - Method for reducing of young cattle products during process stresses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal farming.

SUBSTANCE: method involves using colamine as means for reducing losses of young cattle products during transportation and pre-slaughtering keeping of young cattle; feeding colamine to animals 7 days before transportation in an amount of 20-50 mg/kg of live weight.

EFFECT: reduced losses of animals live weight and increased resistance to stress effects.

5 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to livestock, and can be used to reduce the loss of meat products and improve its quality indicators in young cattle under the influence of stress factors caused by transportation and slaughter of animals.

In recent years, in our country, in animal husbandry, to prevent stress in young cattle due to various veterinary measures, some antioxidants have been used [1], which have a high adaptogenic effect when exposed to adverse technological factors, which also include transportation and pre-slaughter content.

One of the most effective adaptogens for animals is ionol [2]. Feeding his young cattle during stressful periods allows normalizing the physiological state and reducing production losses under the influence of technological stress factors.

The essence of this invention lies in the fact that as a means to reduce production losses during transportation and slaughter of young cattle, colamine (H ₂ NCH ₁₂ CH ₂ OH), which is an antioxidant, is first used.

It is known the use of colamine as a growth-promoting drug for growing gobies [3, 4]. Its use as an adaptogen for technological stresses in animals is currently unknown and its use for a new purpose has become possible after establishing its effective effect on the clinical, hematological parameters in young cattle and reducing live weight loss during transportation and slaughter.

Example. Six groups of bull-calves of 16 months of age, five animals each, were selected. The control was a group of animals that received the main diet (RR), and experimental - 7 days before transportation to the meat processing plant with concentrates fed ionol (I experimental) or colamine (II, III, IV and IV experimental) in the studied doses in accordance with the experimental scheme (table 1). In this case, the dose of ionol was taken from previously recommended as optimal for reducing stress in young cattle, and colamine in the studied variants. The distance for transporting animals is 70 km.

Table 1 Group Number of animals, goal. Age, month Effective Stress Factor Feeding Features Control 5 16 transportation, slaughter The main diet (RR) I experienced 5 16 - "- OR + 30 mg / kg live weight of ionol II experienced 5 16 - "- RR + 10 mg / kg live weight colam in III experienced 5 16 - "- RR + 20 mg / kg LM colamine IV experienced 5 16 - "- RR + 30 mg / kg LM colamine V experienced 5 16 - "- RR + 40 mg / kg BM colamine VI experienced 5 16 - "- RR + 50 mg / kg LM colamine

The results of studies showed that during transportation, a stressful state occurs in animals, manifested in the form of anxiety, muscle tremors, fever, pulse rate and respiration (Table 2).

table 2 Group Body temperature, ° C Frequency in min. heart rate breathing Before transportation Control 38.8 ± 0.05 64.7 ± 0.58 34.9 ± 0.69 I experienced 38.8 ± 0.07 65.0 ± 0.35 64.5 ± 0.52 II experienced 38.8 + 0.06 64.5 + 0.44 34.7 ± 0.45 III experienced 38.8 + 0.04 64.9 ± 0.61 35.0 ± 0.55 IV experienced 38.8 ± 0.05 65.1 ± 0.47 34.6 ± 0.43 V experienced 38.8 ± 0.07 64.6 ± 0.53 34.8 ± 0.38 VI experienced 38.8 ± 0.04 65.0 ± 0.39 34.5 ± 0.60 After transportation Control 39.2 ± 0.10 77.5 ± 0.52 40.2 ± 0.72 I experienced 38.9 ± 0.06 b8.0 ± 0.38 36.6 ± 0.45 II experienced 39.2 ± 0.08 75.1 ± 0.47 39.7 ± 0.51 III experienced 39.1 + 0.05 73.7 ± 0.58 38.5 ± 0.34 IV experienced 39.0 ± 0.07 70.2 ± 0.35 37.0 ± 0.40 V experienced 38.9 ± 0.09 67.8 ± 0.40 36.5 ± 0.47 VI experienced 38.9 ± 0.06 67.5 ± 0.31 36.4 ± 0.28

In gobies of the control group, during the period of transportation, body temperature increased by 0.4 ° С (P <0.05), pulse rate - by 19.8% (P <0.001), respiration - by 15.2% (P <0.001) .

When feeding animals drugs, these changes in clinical indicators were noted to a lesser extent, especially in the I, V and VI experimental groups. In particular, the body temperature of young animals in these cases increased by 0.1 ° С, pulse rate - by 3.8-4.9%, respiration - by 4.9-6.0%.

Transportation of experimental animals influenced the morphological and biochemical composition of blood (Table 3) in the direction of increasing the concentration of formed elements and increasing indicators of protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the body, indicating a stress state. Moreover, more dramatic changes in hematological parameters were observed in gobies of the control group, and less noticeable in peers who received ionol or colamine. So, after transportation, the number of red blood cells increased by 15.8% (P <0.001), white blood cells - by 15.2% (P <0.001), hemoglobin - by 7.7% (P compared with the initial level in the blood of animals of the control group) <0.01), total protein - by 11.6%, sugar - by 20.7% (P <0.001), lipids - by 17.4% (P <0.001), I experimental - by 8.0, respectively; 6.2; 2.7; 4.1; 3.3 and 5.9%, II - 13.1; 11.2; 6.0; 8.7; 17.2 and 14.3%, III - by 10.5; 7.4; 4.2; 7.5; 13.8 and 13.2, IV - by 6.7; 6.3; 2.9; 5.0; 3.3 and 5.7%, V - by 4.0; 1,2; 1.8; 1.9; 3.4 and 1.4%; VI experimental - by 1.3; 2.5; 1.6; 2.4; 3.4 and 1.4%. Consequently, as the dose of colamine increased to 40 mg / kg body weight, the hematological parameters in value approached the level before transportation.

Table 3 Indicator Group control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced V experienced VI experienced Before transportation Red blood cells, 10 ¹² / L 7.6 ± 0.19 7.5 ± 0.24 7.6 ± 0.20 7.6 ± 0.17 7.5 ± 0.23 7.4 ± 0.18 7.5 ± 0.21 White blood cells, 10 ⁹ / L 7.9 ± 0.22 8.1 ± 0.27 8.0 ± 0.15 8.1 ± 0.23 7.9 ± 0.18 8.0 ± 0.20 8.0 ± 0.13 Hemoglobin, g / l 119.5 ± 0.95 120.2 ± 1.14 119.8 ± 1.07 120.0 ± 0.72 120.3 ± 0.84 119.8 ± 0.90 119.9 ± 1.22 Total protein, g / l 65.3 ± 0.27 65.7 ± 0.45 65.4 ± 0.38 65.6 ± 0.21 65.5 ± 0.33 66.7 ± 0.29 66.6 ± 0.41 Sugar, mmol / L 2.9 ± 0.10 3.0 ± 0.07 2.9 ± 0.09 2.9 ± 0.08 3.0 ± 0.07 2.9 ± 0.09 2.9 ± 0.06 Lipids, mmol / L 6.9 ± 0.14 6.8 ± 0.22 7.0 ± 0.17 6.8 ± 0.15 7.0 ± 0.26 6.9 ± 0.19 6.9 ± 0.24 Hematocrit% 44.3 ± 0.17 44.6 ± 0.31 44.3 ± 0.20 44.2 ± 0.27 44.5 ± 0.18 44.4 ± 0.28 44.2 ± 0.33 After transportation Red blood cells, 10 ¹² / L 8.8 ± 0.32 8.1 ± 0.18 8.6 ± 0.21 8.4 ± 0.26 8.0 ± 0.20 7.7 ± 0.22 7.6 ± 0.18 White blood cells, 10 ⁹ / L 9.1 ± 0.27 8.6 ± 0.21 8.9 ± 0.29 8.7 ± 0.17 8.4 ± 0.24 8.1 ± 0.15 8.2 ± 0.23 Hemoglobin, g / l 128.7 ± 0.76 123.4 ± 0.90 127.0 ± 1.11 125.1 ± 0.85 123.8 ± 0.94 122.0 ± 1.17 121.8 ± 0.89 Total protein, g / l 73.0 ± 0.61 68.4 ± 0.37 71.1 ± 0.42 70.5 ± 0.34 68.8 ± 0.28 68.0 ± 0.40 68.2 ± 0.55 Sugar, mmol / L 3.5 ± 0.08 3.1 ± 0.07 3.4 ± 0.11 3.3 ± 0.09 3.1 ± 0.08 3.0 ± 0.10 3.0 ± 0.07 Lipids, mmol / L 8.1 ± 0.17 7.2 ± 0.26 8.0 ± 0.14 7.7 ± 0.20 7.4 ± 0.19 7.0 ± 0.15 7.0 ± 0.24 Hematocrit% 54.3 ± 0.33 46.3 ± 0.27 52.9 ± 0.41 48.8 ± 0.23 47.0 ± 0.36 45.6 ± 0.44 45.3 ± 0.38

An increase in the hematocrit index during the period of transportation of experimental young animals indicates that under stressful loads, animal body tissue dehydrates and this process is less evident when feeding drugs, especially in the V and VI experimental groups.

The giving of young ionol and colamine significantly reduces the loss of live weight during transportation (Table 4). In the control group, losses were 24.5 kg or 5.44%, while in the experimental group they decreased by 5.4 (22.0%), 0.8 (3.3%), 2.7 (11.0%, respectively) ), 5.0 (20.4%), 6.5 (26.5%) and 6.8 kg (27.7%).

Loss of live weight during pre-slaughter fasting exposure was 13.3-16.0 kg; the smallest they were in groups I and V, and the largest in the control.

The total losses in the control group were 40.5 kg (9.01), while in the experimental group they were less by 7.6 respectively; 1,2; 4.2; 6.9; 9.2 and 8.8 kg. The decrease in live weight in the V group was 6.97% of the level before transportation.

Due to the reduction in losses of cultivation products when fed to the bulls of ionol and colamine, the carcasses obtained were harder in the I, III, IV, V and VI experimental groups by 4.0 respectively; 2.7; 4.8; 6.6 and 5.9 kg, and the slaughter yield increased by 0.23-0.53%.

The use of ionol and colamine as anti-stress drugs during transportation and pre-slaughter aging of young cattle is economically profitable (Table 5). It allowed to receive additional profit per 1 head in the amount of 31.11-255.02 rubles. The payback for the use of ionol was 15.39 rubles, colamine - from 9.43 to 18.05 rubles. Moreover, the greatest economic effect was achieved by feeding colamine at a dose of 40 mg / kg body weight.

Thus, to reduce production losses under the influence of technological stress factors, along with ionol with great zootechnical and economic effects, colamine can be used in a dose of 40 mg / kg live weight with an exposure of 7 days before transportation.

Table 4 Indicator Group control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced V experienced VI experienced Live weight at statement on experience, kg 443.7 440.7 442.1 442.8 442.6 443.0 442.4 Removable live weight, kg 449.7 447.0 448.3 449.1 449.0 449.3 447.9 Live weight after transportation, kg 425.2 427.9 424.6 427.3 429.5 431.3 430.2 Losses in transit, kg 24.5 19.1 23.7 21.8 19.5 18.0 17.7 Losses during fasting, kg 16,0 13.8 15.6 14.5 14.1 13.3 14.0 Total losses: kg 40.5 32.9 39.3 36.3 33.6 31.3 31.7 % 9.01 7.36 8.77 8.08 7.48 6.97 7.08 Slaughter mass, kg 409.2 414.1 409.0 412.8 415.4 418.0 416.2 Weight of fresh carcass, kg 221.8 225.8 222.0 224.5 226.6 228.4 227.7 Mass of internal fat, kg 12.8 13.1 12.9 13.1 13.0 13.1 13.1 Slaughter weight, kg 234.6 238.9 234.9 237.6 239.6 241.5 240.8 Slaughter yield,% 57.33 57.69 57.43 57.56 57.68 57.77 57.86

Table 5 Group Indicators reduction in live weight loss, kg cost of additional products, rub. the cost of the spent drug, rub. additional profit, rub. payback of the drug, rub. Control - - - - - I experienced 7.6 220.40 14.32 206.08 15.39 II experienced 1,2 34.80 3.69 31.11 9.43 III experienced 4.2 121.80 7.39 114.41 16.48 IV experienced 6.9 200.10 11.09 189.01 18.04 V experienced 9.2 266.80 14.78 252.02 18.05 VI experienced 8.8 255.20 18.64 236.56 13.69

Information sources

1. Sizov F.M., Levakhin V.I. Stress correction in young cattle. - Orenburg: Publishing Center of the OGAU, 1999. - 244 p.

2. RU 2069950 C1 (Lyapin O.A., Levakhin V.I., Lyapina V.O.) 10.12.1996.

3. Petrukhin I.V. Feed and feed additives. - M .: Rosagropromizdat, 1986 - 326 s.

4. Fedorova OV The effect of colamine on the use of nutrient rations and meat productivity of red steppe gobies. Abstract. diss. for a job. scientist step. Cand. S.-kh. sciences. - Orenburg, 2002 .-- 21 p.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the loss of live weight of young cattle during transportation and pre-slaughter content, including feeding an anti-stress drug, characterized in that, as an anti-stress drug, 7 days before transportation, animals are fed colamine in a dose of 20-50 mg / kg of live weight.