RU2751282C1 - Method for correcting pituitary-adrenal system in cattle under technological stress - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary medicine, concerns a method for correcting the pituitary-adrenal system of cattle during technological stress, which can be used in agriculture to limit the stress response of the body under conditions of technological stress, increase the defenses and productivity of cattle, and therefore profitability the livestock industry. A method for correcting the pituitary-adrenal system of cattle during technological stress includes exposure to low-intensity laser radiation with a wavelength of 830 nm on a skin area in the ear or withers of the animal for 5-15 minutes for 7 days after stress.EFFECT: invention provides an increase in the natural resistance of cattle during technological stress, a decrease in losses caused by technological stress on the productivity of animals and product quality.1 cl, 9 tbl, 1 ex

Description

This invention relates to veterinary medicine, concerns a method for correcting the pituitary-adrenal system of cattle under technological stress, which can be used in agriculture to limit the stress response of the body under conditions of technological stress, to increase the defenses and productivity of cattle, therefore, and the profitability of the livestock industry.

Each environmental factor, acting on the body by its nature, causes a specific response, adequate to the quality and strength of the stimulus. However, in any such reaction, both remaining within the physiological limits and in the case of pathological, a nonspecific component is necessarily present, characterized by a state of tension or stress. Stress is realized through the activation of universal mechanisms: activation of the sympathetic nervous system with subsequent restructuring of the endocrine system associated with increased activity of the pituitary-adrenal system. As a result, the secretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol) and their concentration in the blood increase (Selye G. At the level of the whole organism. - Moscow: Nauka, 1972. - 122 p.). The action of glucocorticoids is aimed at restructuring the body to the action of stress factors (Zelichenko L.I. Stress and pathology: guidelines - Moscow: Russian State Medical University, 2009. - 23 p.). The analysis of the concentration of cortisol in the blood is a quantitative measure of the activation of the pituitary-adrenal system and objectively reflects the level of stress.

The intensive development of animal husbandry on an industrial scale leads to the development of technological stress arising under the influence of factors related to the methods of keeping cattle and elements of technology, has an adverse effect on the health of animals and their productivity. The practice of animal husbandry shows that even with perfect technology it is impossible to avoid stressful situations for animals. The impact of stress factors increases the load on the adaptive capabilities of the body and entails a decrease in reproductive function, loss of productive indicators, and hence the profitability of the industry. In this regard, the development of methods that increase the natural resistance of animals and have an adaptogenic effect under stress is an urgent problem of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine.

To date, a number of techniques and recommendations have been developed and tested that have an anti-stress effect on the animal organism. These include tranquilizers, antioxidants, various mineral and vitamin complexes, salt compositions and others.

The use of adaptogens to reduce the negative impact of stress factors is widely represented. Adaptogens are substances that can increase the natural general nonspecific resistance to stress, due to their general tonic effect.

To date, there is a known method for increasing the natural resistance of farm animals (RU 2317823 C1, class A61K 36/899, A01K 67/02, publ. 27.02.2008) based on the intramuscular administration of sterile wheat germ oil (at a dose of 0.3-10, 0 ml per animal per day). It is assumed that wheat germ as bioactive drugs form a general nonspecific adaptive response of increased activation, characterized by increased resistance and balance of various types of metabolism, an increase in the safety of young animals and productivity, and a decrease in the incidence of farm animals. This provision is based on the fact that wheat germ contains a complex of vitamins A, D, E and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The disadvantage of this invention is that vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are part of wheat seedlings, selectively affect individual indicators of immunity and do not ensure the inclusion of all body systems in increasing the adaptive reserve for the prevention of stress. This development is more related to the leveling of the immunodeficiency state, rather than the stress response of the body and does not reflect the degree of activation of the pituitary-adrenal system.

A known method for the prevention and correction of transport stress in cattle (RU 2153802 C1, class A01K 67/02, A61K 33/00, publ. 08/10/2000), including the introduction into the body of animals with feed a mineral and vitamin supplement containing a salt composition , ascorbic acid and glucose within 4-5 days before transportation. The method leads to a reduction in the loss of live and slaughter weight, an increase (preservation) of the weight of the carcass and internal fat. The disadvantages of this method is the lack of proof of limiting the stress response of the body, only an increase in metabolism is shown, which can also develop against the background of a stress reaction.

A known method for the prevention of transport stress in cattle (RU 2160532 C1, class A01K 67/02, A61K 31/195, publ. 20.12.2000), based on feeding animals a mixture of concentrated feed with glycine 5 days before their transportation. It is assumed that these methods increase the humoral protective factors. It was found that the use of glycine in stressful situations causes a sedative effect. The disadvantage of this invention, as well as the previous one, is that the assessment of the stress response was carried out by analyzing the reduction in the loss of live and slaughter weight, the increase (preservation) of the carcass weight and internal fat, which is not a relevant method for assessing stress.

A known method for the prevention and correction of technological stresses during the period of growing, rearing and fattening cattle (RU 2301522 C1, class A01K 67/02, A61K 36/00, publ. 27.06.2007) using the plant adaptogen erakond. The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of erakond due to the complexity of its manufacture. In addition, the analysis of the stress response was assessed by the growth rate of calves, which reflects the technical significance of this invention, but does not meet the requirements for assessing the stress response of the body and, in particular, does not reflect the state of the pituitary-adrenal system.

A known method for the prevention of technological stress in cattle (RU 2446813 C1, class A61K 35/66, A01K 67/02, publ. 10.04.2012), which consists in the fact that the animals are fed the biological product "Lactoenterol" before exposure to stress. This drug belongs to the group of probiotics. In the course of substantiating the expediency of using a biological product, clinical indicators in experimental animals were assessed in the form of anxiety, muscle tremors, an increase in body temperature, changes in the pulse rate and respiration. When the drug was fed to the animals, these changes changed to a lesser extent. The disadvantage of this method is the lack of data on the humoral status of the body, which objectively reflects the state of the stress reaction.

In addition, the disadvantages of all these methods associated with the use of adaptogens are their low efficiency, a large amount of adaptogen used and use before stressful exposure, which is not always effective in production conditions, when it is necessary to correct the consequences of stress exposure.

A known method for correcting free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in cows under technological stress (RU 2314108 C1, class A61K 35/02, A01K 67/02, publ. 10.01.2008) by introducing inorganic compounds, which are used as Khotynetsk natural zeolites , the use of which allows to reduce the level of malondialdehyde and increase the level of ceruloplasmin in animals during the winter stall period. According to the literature data, zeolites have catalytic and sorption properties. The invention shows a decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde and an increase in ceruloplasmin, which is insufficient to characterize the efficiency of using these organic compounds in the correction of the pituitary-adrenal system.

Another direction of the possible correction of stress in animals is associated with the use of physiotherapeutic influences.

A known method for the prevention of transport stress in cattle (RU 2314111 C1, class A01K 67/02, A61K 36/00, publ. plasters applied daily to several centers five days before transportation. In this method, after transportation and unloading of animals, the weight of the animal was assessed, then after slaughter, the meat qualities of the obtained carcasses were studied (weight of the fresh carcass, carcass yield, slaughter weight, slaughter yield). These indicators, as in the previous methods, are indirect indicators of stress that arise against the background of a stress reaction, but do not allow assessing the activity of the stress reaction, and, consequently, the effectiveness of using this method in stress analysis. In addition, this method, as well as those previously described, is a preventive method based on the use before exposure to stress, whereas under conditions of technological stress this option is not always possible and it is necessary to use a therapeutic effect as a corrector, i.e. after the action of stress factors.

A known method for the prevention of transport stress in animals (RU 2477154 C1, A61N 1/00, publ. 03/10/2013), which provides for the supply to the electrodes attached to the frontal and occipital regions of the skull of direct current for 25-30 minutes 2 times a day. The method involves increasing the amount of endogenous opioid peptide beta-endorphin, which has an antistress effect. However, this method is traumatic for animals and may have side effects associated with the production of additional amounts of adrenaline during this procedure and the subsequent aggravation of the stress response.

Known apparatus for therapeutic exposure to electromagnetic waves of extremely high frequencies (RU 66961 U1, class A61N 5/02, publ. 10.10.2007), which can be used to prevent stress. In addition, this device can be used in the field of veterinary medicine to treat animals and increase their productivity. The apparatus contains a radiating antenna and a generator operating at a frequency of 129 ± 0.75 GHz from the second band of the resonant molecular absorption spectrum of atmospheric oxygen. However, the positive impact with the help of these devices is not effective enough, because irradiation at the indicated frequencies does not sufficiently stimulate biologically active molecules with the exception of the oxygen molecule.

Also known is a method of exposure to electromagnetic radiation of the millimeter range at the frequencies of the molecular spectra of atmospheric oxygen or nitric oxide (0.129 THz, 0.4 THz, 65 GHz.) To stimulate the reproductive function of animals (RU 2316958 C1, class A01K 67/02, A61 N 2 / 00, publ. 20.02.2008). The method allows to increase the qualitative and quantitative indicators of sperm production, as well as improve the reproductive performance of animals. This method shows the effectiveness of the impact of electromagnetic waves in animal husbandry, but does not allow analyzing its impact on stress.

There is a known method of increasing the productivity of animals (RU 2345801 C1, class A61N 5/00, publ. 10.02.2009), which consists in the fact that they act with electromagnetic radiation of the millimeter range at one of the frequencies of the molecular spectrum of atmospheric oxygen or nitric oxide on biologically active points (BAP) of the stomach, and / or gallbladder, and / or mammary gland for 1-2 minutes per area daily at a frequency of 65 GHz, or 129 GHz, or 150 GHz, or 300 GHz. In cattle, the method allows you to increase daily milk yield, reduce the service period, increase fertility, and reduce sperm costs. This method has a technical result, but these indicators are also not relevant for the characteristics of stress, which does not allow unifying the impact.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result to the claimed invention is a method of therapeutic action on biological objects with electromagnetic waves and a device for its implementation, protected by patent RU 2445134 C1, class. A61N 5/00, A61N 5/02, publ. 03/20/2012, taken as the closest analogue (prototype).

The prototype method is used for therapeutic microwave effects on biological objects and consists in the fact that biological objects are irradiated with an ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic field at the resonant frequency of water structures (1000 + \ - 30 MHz) with a power density of 0.02-0.4 μW / cm2 within 5-15 minutes. In this case, the irradiation is carried out using a magnetic type antenna. The claimed method is used for the treatment of injuries, fractures, for the prevention and rehabilitation of past diseases. The present invention reflects the effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation in treatment, but its effectiveness under stress is not revealed.

The objective of the invention is to create a new method for correcting the pituitary-adrenal system in cattle under technological stress.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is to increase the natural resistance of cattle under technological stress, reduce losses caused by technological stress on the productivity of animals and product quality.

The task is achieved by the fact that the method for correcting the pituitary-adrenal system of cattle during technological stress includes exposure to low-intensity laser radiation with a wavelength of 830 nm on the skin area in the ear or withers of the animal for 5-15 minutes for 7 days after stress ; an autonomous laser shower "MarsIK" is used as a source of low-intensity laser radiation.

It has been shown that low-intensity laser radiation acts to normalize cellular function. At the same time, the effectiveness of LLLT is manifested in case of dysfunction of the body, when the regulatory mechanisms are disturbed (Karu T: Low-power laser effects. Lasers in Medicine. Edited by: Waynant RW. 2002, New York: CRC Press, 171-209. 1).

For experimental substantiation of this method, studies were carried out on dairy cows of the breeding farm of JSC "Rumyantsevskoe" in the Dalne-Konstantinovsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region. During the study period, all animals were kept in the same conditions. The experimental groups of animals were formed according to the principle of analogues (Ovsyannikov A.I., 1976 Ovsyannikov, A.I. , live weight. During the study period, all animals were kept under the same conditions. Feeding rations were compiled taking into account the physiological state of animals according to detailed norms (A.P. Kalashnikov, 2003 Kalashnikov, A.P. Norms and rations for feeding farm animals. Reference manual / Edited by A.P. Kalashnikov, V.I. Fisinin, VV Shcheglova, NI Kleimenova. - Moscow. 2003. - 456 p.) Taking into account the chemical composition of local feed. Distribution of feed is carried out using a mobile feed dispenser KTU-10. Milking of cows three times, in a milk pipe.

6 groups of cows were formed by the method of analogs. In experiment 1, group of animals was intact, groups 2,3,4,5,6 were exposed to technological stress: change of care personnel, change of feeding troughs, vet processing, weighing animals, regrouping, then 3,4,5,6 groups were irradiated with LILI:

Group 3, being in stress, was subjected to daily 5-minute exposure to LILI in the ear; Group 4, being in stress, was subjected to daily 5-minute LILI exposure to the withers; Group 5, being in stress, was subjected to daily 15-minute exposure to LILI in the ear; Group 6, being under stress, was subjected to daily 15 minutes of LILI exposure to the withers.

After technological stress, the animals were exposed to LILI in the ear or withers for 5 and 15 minutes, the exposure area was 20 cm2.

Low-intensity laser radiation with a wavelength of 830 nm and a power of 90 mW was used as a source of laser radiation. The exposure time was 5 and 15 minutes. The course of physiotherapy was 7 exposures. An autonomous laser shower "MarsIK" (NPO "Petrolaser", St. Petersburg) was used for laser therapy.

Blood tests were performed 1 week and 1 month after technological stress.

The state of the pituitary-adrenal system, an indicator of the intensity of the stress reaction, was analyzed by the concentration of cortisol in the blood. The concentration of cortisol in the blood was determined by the enzyme immunoassay.

To assess the effectiveness of LILI, we analyzed milk productivity, mass fraction of protein, fat, lactose, dry matter, and the content of lipid peroxidation products in milk.

The milk productivity of animals was monitored according to the results of control milking one week and one month after the start of the experiment. Investigating milk productivity, determined the fat and milk content, milk protein, lactose content, dry matter using an ultrasonic analyzer "Laktan 1-4" (Russia).

The intensity of lipid peroxidation processes in animal milk was assessed by determining the primary, secondary and final lipid peroxidation products using a spectrophotometric method on an SF-2000 spectrophotometer (Russia).

An increase in the functional activity of the pituitary-adrenal system during the development of a stress reaction was expressed in an increase in the content of the stress hormone cortisol in the blood (Table 1). It was found that the concentration of cortisol in the blood of animals undergoing technological stress was 31% higher than in intact animals. By the 30th day, the cortisol content in the blood of cows subjected to technological stress remained at a high level and was 27% higher than that of intact animals, which indicates that the organism is stressed.

When using LLLT against the background of technological stress, a decrease in the concentration of cortisol in the blood of cows was noted, significantly differing on the 30th day of the study (Table 1). When exposed to LILI for 15 minutes on the ear or withers, the stress hormone level decreased by 25% and 30%, respectively, compared to the concentration of the hormone in the blood of cows in the group after stress without LILI exposure. When exposed to LILI for 5 minutes on the ear or withers, the level of the hormone decreased by an average of 11% by 16%, respectively, in relation to the indicators of stressed animals.

Table 1

Effect of technological stress and exposure to low-intensity laser radiation on cortisol in cows

Group of animals Cortisol content, nmol / l 7 days from the start of technological stress 30 days from the start of technological stress intact 20.22 ± 1.85 22.22 ± 1.74 stress 29.19 ± 1.38 * 28.37 ± 1.47 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 28.42 ± 2.48 * 25.31 ± 2.04 ** stress + LILI 5 min withers 27.35 ± 2.19 * 23.12 ± 1.59 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 25.36 ± 2.07 * 21.52 ± 2.31 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 26.34 ± 2.17 * 20.14 ± 1.86 **

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

The analysis of the results of the experiment, presented in table 2, showed that the manifestation of the development of a stress reaction in the body of animals was confirmed by a violation of milk peroxide homeostasis.

In animals in a state of technological stress, the content of primary, secondary and final products of lipid lipid peroxidation of milk on day 7 was 50%, 30% and 67% higher, respectively, compared with the intact group and remained elevated until the end of the experiment (Tables 2-4). When LILI was applied for 5 and 15 minutes on the withers and 5 and 15 minutes on the ear, a general tendency in the change of the studied parameters was revealed, by the 7th day of observation: the concentration of DC increased, but less significantly compared with the group, technological stress, the content of MC and OR increased comparable with a group of technological stress. After 30 days, the action of LILI determined a decrease in all products of lipid peroxidation. Significant differences in relation to 7 days were recorded when LLLT was applied for 5 min in the ear region and 5 min in the withers for the DC, 5 min in the withers for the TC and 5 min in the withers, as well as 15 min in the ear and in the area withers.

table 2

The content of lipid peroxidation products in the heptane phase of the lipid extract of cow milk

Group of animals Diene conjugates (e.o.i.) 7 days 30 days intact 0.93 ± 0.22 0.95 ± 0.24 stress 1.40 ± 0.24 * 1.29 ± 0.31 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 1.28 ± 0.24 0.93 ± 0.29 ** stress + LILI 5 min withers 1.30 ± 0.16 0.89 ± 0.27 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 1.33 ± 0.18 0.92 ± 0.30 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 1.33 ± 0.24 0.96 ± 0.27 **

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

Table 3

The content of lipid peroxidation products in the heptane phase of the lipid extract of cow milk

Group of animals Ketodienes and conjugated trienes (e.o.i.) 7 days 30 days intact 0.085 ± 0.010 0.089 ± 0.009 stress 0.111 ± 0.013 * 0.104 ± 0.014 stress + LILI 5 min ear 0.117 ± 0.020 * 0.089 ± 0.019 stress + LILI 5 min withers 0.109 ± 0.011 * 0.087 ± 0.010 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 0.110 ± 0.010 * 0.093 ± 0.015 stress + LILI 15 min withers 0.109 ± 0.013 * 0.095 ± 0.014

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

Table 4

The content of lipid peroxidation products in the heptane phase of the lipid extract of cow milk

Group of animals Schiff Foundations (e.o.i.) 7 days 30 days intact 0.015 ± 0.004 0.016 ± 0.002 stress 0.025 ± 0.004 * 0.022 ± 0.004 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 0.026 ± 0.005 * 0.015 ± 0.006 stress + LILI 5 min withers 0.029 ± 0.004 * 0.016 ± 0.005 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 0.031 ± 0.005 * 0.017 ± 0.006 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 0.025 ± 0.003 * 0.012 ± 0.005 **

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days

The results of the action of technological stress on the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein in milk revealed their significant decrease on the 7th day, which remained in relation to the protein fraction and on the 30th day of the study (Table 5). The LLLT action led to an improvement in these indicators. By the 7th day after 15 min of exposure to LILI in the area of the ear and withers, the restoration of the mass fraction of fat to intact values was recorded. This indicator remained at the level of intact values and by 30 days of the study. The study of the mass fraction of protein in milk revealed its recovery from 7 days to intact values under the action of LILI in the area of the withers for 5 minutes and 15 minutes (Table 5).

Table 5

Influence of technological stress and exposure to low-intensity laser radiation on the quality indicators of milk

Group of animals Indicators Mass fraction of fat,% Protein mass fraction,% 7 days 30 days 7 days 30 days intact 5.13 ± 0.31 5.48 ± 0.49 3.30 ± 0.14 3.73 ± 0.18 stress 4.46 ± 0.34 * 4.52 ± 0.70 2.80 ± 0.15 * 3.06 ± 0.24 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 3.99 ± 0.30 * 4.31 ± 0.55 3.06 ± 0.10 * 3.30 ± 0.15 * ** stress + LILI 5 min withers 4.05 ± 0.34 * 4.34 ± 0.47 3.32 ± 0.14 3.69 ± 0.15 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 5.60 ± 0.47 5.77 ± 0.53 2.95 ± 0.09 * 3.18 ± 0.10 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 4.67 ± 0.32 4.87 ± 0.27 3.12 ± 0.10 3.59 ± 0.11 *

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

Analysis of the mass fraction of dry matter and lactose in milk showed that technological stress did not significantly affect the mass fraction of dry matter, lactose significantly decreased only by 7 days after stress (Table 6). The action of LLLT against the background of stress determined the restoration of these indicators to the level of intact values already from the 7th day of the study. The indices of the mass fraction of dry substances remained reduced by 7 days with the action of LILI for 5 minutes in the ear, and the mass fraction of lactose with the action of LILI for 15 minutes in the ear. By the 30th day, under the action of LILI, the values were restored to the level of the indices of the intact group. The exception was the effect of LILI for 15 minutes on the ear, in which the value of the mass fraction of dry substances increased relative to the values of the intact group, and the effect of LILI on the withers for 15 minutes, in which the mass fraction of lactose increased.

Table 6

Influence of technological stress and exposure to low-intensity laser radiation on the quality indicators of milk

Group of animals Indicators Mass fraction of dry substances,% Mass fraction of lactose,% 7 days 30 days 7 days 30 days intact 14.21 ± 0.37 14.47 ± 0.26 5.36 ± 0.08 5.35 ± 0.16 stress 13.88 ± 0.54 13.93 ± 0.47 5.15 ± 0.06 * 5.19 ± 0.01 stress + LILI 5 min ear 13.29 ± 0.48 * 13.80 ± 0.41 5.22 ± 0.07 5.29 ± 0.17 stress + LILI 5 min withers 13.55 ± 0.44 14.75 ± 0.77 ** 5.30 ± 0.06 5.55 ± 0.05 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 14.68 ± 0.56 15.87 ± 0.73 * 5.16 ± 0.10 * 5.32 ± 0.17 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 14.08 ± 0.34 14.93 ± 0.34 ** 5.28 ± 0.09 6.50 ± 0.26 * **

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

From the above data, it follows that LLLT has a positive effect on the content of lipid peroxidation products in cows' milk and milk productivity when exposed to technological stress factors, which is combined with a decrease in the stress response of animals recorded by the concentration of cortisol in the blood.

Example. Veterinary processing and weighing of animals.

The animals were divided according to the principle of analogues and clinical and physiological state into six groups of 6 animals each (intact and five experimental). The feeding and housing conditions of all groups were identical. The housing system is in closed rooms, without a walk, with a controlled microclimate. Cultivation and fattening were carried out according to the technological scheme adopted at the complex.

Animals of all experimental groups were exposed to such stress factors as vet processing and weighing for 5 days.

After the action of stress, the animals of the four experimental groups were exposed to LLLT with a wavelength of 830 nm for 5 or 15 minutes on the withers or ear with an autonomous laser shower "MarsIK".

Analysis of the results showed an increase in the concentration of cortisol in the blood during vet processing and weighing animals, which characterizes an increase in the activity of the pituitary-adrenal system. After the action of LILI, a decrease in the content of cortisol concentration was observed as early as 7 days and markedly decreased by 30 days after stress. Most significant with a 15-minute exposure to LILI in the ear and withers.

Table 7

Influence of technological stress and exposure to low-intensity laser radiation on the cortisol content in cows after veterinary processing and animal weighing

Group of animals Cortisol content, nmol / l 7 days from the beginning of veterinary processing and weighing of animals 30 days from the beginning of veterinary processing and weighing of animals intact 20.22 ± 1.85 22.22 ± 1.74 stress 29.43 ± 1.35 * 28.54 ± 1.37 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 28.12 ± 2.11 * 26.01 ± 2.10 ** stress + LILI 5 min withers 27.14 ± 2.19 * 23.57 ± 2.19 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 26.06 ± 2.11 * 21.98 ± 2.11 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 26.12 ± 2.12 * 20.36 ± 1.16 **

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

The analysis of the results of the experiment, presented in Table 8, showed that the manifestation of the development of a stress reaction in the organism of animals was confirmed by a violation of milk peroxide homeostasis.

In animals under technological stress, the content of primary, secondary and final products of lipid lipid peroxidation of milk was increased throughout the study.

With a seven-day exposure to LILI for 5 and 15 minutes on the ear or withers of cows on the seventh day, changes in the studied parameters of milk were noted. The concentration of diene, triene conjugates, Schiff bases was higher than in intact animals, but lower than in animals subjected to technological stress.

By the 30th day of statistical significance in the analysis of milk lipid peroxidation products indicators relative to the intact group were not revealed, the effect of LILI determined a decrease in all milk lipid peroxidation products, which was most pronounced when exposed to the withers of the animal.

Table 8

Content of lipid peroxidation products in cow's milk (e.o.i.)

Group of animals 7 days from the start of technological stress 30 days from the start of technological stress Diene conjugates Ketodienes and conjugated trienes Foundations
Schiff Diene conjugates Ketodienes and conjugated trienes Foundations
Schiff intact 0.93 ± 0.21 0.088 ± 0.011 0.014 ± 0.004 0.95 ± 0.24 0.087 ± 0.010 0.015 ± 0.003 stress 1.45 ± 0.18 * 0.120 ± 0.012 * 0.028 ± 0.004 * 1.33 ± 0.25 * 0.104 ± 0.014 0.024 ± 0.003 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 1.29 ± 0.20 0.117 ± 0.014 * 0.026 ± 0.004 * 0.98 ± 0.19 ** 0.092 ± 0.019 0.018 ± 0.005 ** stress + LILI 5 min withers 1.28 ± 0.20 0.111 ± 0.012 * 0.028 ± 0.004 * 0.89 ± 0.21 ** 0.094 ± 0.015 0.016 ± 0.005 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 1.32 ± 0.19 * 0.109 ± 0.011 * 0.028 ± 0.003 * 0.94 ± 0.20 ** 0.093 ± 0.015 0.015 ± 0.005 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 1.33 ± 0.20 * 0.108 ± 0.012 * 0.025 ± 0.003 * 0.92 ± 0.21 ** 0.091 ± 0.011 ** 0.013 ± 0.004 **

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to the indices of intact animals.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to the indicators on the 30th day.

The analysis of milk productivity showed that in animals after technological stress there was a decrease in milk productivity during the entire observation period relative to the values of the intact group and by 30 days the decrease remained by 26% relative to the values of the intact group (Table 9). Under the action of LILI against the background of technological stress, by day 7, milk productivity was restored under the action of LILI in the area of the withers for 15 minutes, in other cases it was reduced relative to the values of the intact group. By the 30th day, the LLLT exposure determined the recovery of productivity when applied in the withers area for 5 and 15 minutes and in the ear area for 15 minutes. The indicator remained low when LILI was applied in the ear region for 5 min.

Table 9

Influence of technological stress and exposure to low-intensity laser radiation on milk production of cows

Group of animals Milk productivity, kg 7 days 30 days intact 44.92 ± 2.20 43.90 ± 1.15 stress 31.21 ± 2.11 * 32.30 ± 2.13 * stress + LILI 5 min ear 32.13 ± 2.16 * 38.72 ± 2.77 * ** stress + LILI 5 min withers 35.12 ± 3.26 * 42.92 ± 4.01 ** stress + LILI 15 min ear 36.77 ± 2.30 * 43.25 ± 1.19 ** stress + LILI 15 min withers 42.4 ± 5.23 43.18 ± 4.38

Note: * - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to intact.

** - statistically significant differences (p <0.05) in relation to 7 days.

Thus, the use of LILI determines a decrease in the stress response due to the correction of the pituitary-adrenal system, the activity of which is analyzed by the concentration of cortisol, which ultimately ensures a reduction in the loss of dairy products and the preservation of its quality indicators. In addition, the impact is carried out not in the area of damage, but in the area of the ear and withers. These zones of influence were determined taking into account the effect of LILI both on the central neuroendocrine integration through afferent stimulation of the corresponding dendrites of neurons, and on the activation of microcirculatory processes.

Claims (2)

1. A method for correcting the pituitary-adrenal system of cattle during technological stress includes exposure to low-intensity laser radiation with a wavelength of 830 nm on a skin area in the ear or withers of the animal for 5-15 minutes for 7 days after stress. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an autonomous laser shower "MarsIK" is used as a source of low-intensity laser radiation.