RU2450511C1 - Method of prevention transport stress of pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular, to methods of prevention transport stress of pigs. The method consists in activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms by daily exposure of pulsed low-intensity infrared radiation on the skin surface in the zone of localisation of the biologically active centers (BAC) № 4, №23, №33, №37, №50, №59 with frequency of 600 Hz, with a capacity of 10 mW with exposure of 256 seconds to each center, ten days prior to transportation.

EFFECT: method enables to increase the level of BAC biopotential, reduce the loss of body weight during transportation and improve meat quality obtained after slaughter carcasses.

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Description

The invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular to methods for the prevention of transport stress of pigs.

The closest analogue to the proposed method is a method of preventing transport stress of animals by activating physiological adaptation mechanisms, which consists in stabilizing metabolism in the event of transport stress by feeding animals in a mixture with concentrated feed 4-5 days before their transportation in a dose of 210-230 mg / kg live weight per day of the additive, including, wt.%: bischofite 78.75-80.85; ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 0.15-0.25; glucose 19-21 (Patent RU No. 2153802, CL A01K 67/02).

The disadvantages of this method are:

- great complexity in the preparation of feed;

- the need to attract highly qualified specialists;

- insufficient effect in the prevention of transport stress.

The objective of the proposed method is to reduce the complexity, the exclusion of the use of highly qualified specialists and increase the efficiency of the method in the prevention of transport stress.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known method of preventing transport stress, which involves activating physiological adaptation mechanisms, according to the invention, the physiological adaptation mechanisms are activated by daily exposure to pulsed low-intensity infrared radiation on the skin surface in the localization zone of biologically active centers (BAC) No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 with a frequency of 600 Hz, 10 mW with an exposure of 256 seconds for each center ten days before trans portation.

To clarify the essence of the proposed method is presented Figure 1.

The figure shows the biologically active centers:

No. 4 - on the dorso-medial line of the body between the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae.

No. 23 - at half the distance between the lumbosacral joint and macklock.

No. 33 - in the center of the middle gluteal muscle at a distance of one width of the palm and 2 widths of the fingers from the dorso-medial line of the body.

No. 37 - three finger diameters caudally in the middle of the posterior edge of the scapula and four palm widths from the dorso-medial line of the body.

No. 50 - in the middle of the distance between the knee joint and the calcaneal tuber.

No. 59 - on the ventral medial line, on the four diameters of the finger of the caudal sternum.

The source of pulsed low-intensity infrared radiation was a Mustang laser apparatus with a wide range of wavelengths, radiation frequencies from 80 Hz to 3000 Hz, and adjustable exposure time from 4 s to 256 s. The device has a keyboard for dialing the frequency of radiation pulses and exposure time, a potentiometer for regulating radiation power. The centers were exposed to the magneto-laser nozzle MLO-1K, which generates pulsed radiation with a wavelength of 0.89 μm. The radiation area is 6 cm ² .

The biological effect in a living organism when exposed to low-intensity laser radiation is manifested, first of all, in an increase in blood circulation in the localization zone of BAC No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 and metabolism activation; stimulation of electrolytic metabolism in cell protoplasms and cell restoration by increasing ATP production, oxygen consumption, synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and activation of numerous cytoplasmic enzymes, as well as a stimulating effect on the immune system.

Before exposure to biologically active centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, the level of biopotential was measured in them and the average value was calculated. For measuring the biopotential of biologically active centers (BAC), any device designed to conduct electroacupuncture or to take biopotentials of the BAC of human and animal skin, for example, ELAP devices, can be used.

10 days before the expected deadline for transporting the animals to the place of slaughter, three groups of large white breed pigs were formed. The total number of animals in the groups was 15 animals, aged 8-10 months, average live weight 90-115 kg.

First, before the experiment, animals were weighed and measured the level of biopotential BAC No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59.

The first group was the control.

Pigs of the second group 5 days before transportation were subjected to daily exposure to the indicated BAC by pulsed low-intensity infrared radiation with a frequency of 600 Hz, 10 mW with an exposure of 256 seconds per center.

Pigs of the third group were stimulated with BAC 10 days before the expected time of transportation in the same modes and doses.

Before experiments in animals of all groups, the level of the biopotential of these centers was measured and weighed. All manipulations were performed in the morning before feeding.

Transportation was carried out using a MAZ vehicle specially equipped for the transport of animals at a distance of 86 km to the slaughter site at a meat processing plant.

After transporting and unloading the animals, they were weighed, then after slaughter the meat qualities of the resulting carcasses were studied (mass of pair carcass, carcass yield, carcass weight, carcass yield).

Example 1. In a boar with a live weight of 104.8 kg, the bioelectric potential was measured with an ELAP type milliammeter in six biologically active skin centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, the average biopotential was 60.3 μA. Then, five days before being transported to the skin surface in the localization zone of each center, they were daily exposed with a Mustang laser apparatus with a frequency of 600 Hz, 10 mW with an exposure of 256 seconds. After five days of BAC stimulation, the average level of biopotential at six centers was 65.5 μA, live weight 105.8 kg. An increase in the biopotential level of biologically active centers indicates the activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms due to stimulation. After transportation, the average biopotential was 70.3 μA, live weight 103.5 kg.

It was further established that the mass of the paired carcass was 69.8 kg, the carcass yield was 67.4%, the slaughter weight was 74.1 kg, the slaughter yield was 71.6%.

Example 2. In a boar with a live weight of 101.6 kg, the bioelectric potential was measured with an ELAP milliammeter in six skin BACs No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, the average biopotential at six centers was 61.6 μA . Then, ten days before transportation to the skin surface in the localization zone of each center, they were daily exposed with the help of a Mustang laser apparatus with a frequency of 600 Hz, 10 mW with an exposure of 256 seconds. After ten days of stimulation of biologically active centers, the level of biopotential was 70.3 μA, live weight 104.4 kg. An increase in the biopotential level of biologically active centers indicates the activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms due to stimulation. After transportation, the average biopotential was 72.6 μA, live weight 103.0 kg. It was further established that the mass of paired carcass was 70.6 kg, carcass yield 68.5%, slaughter weight 73.2 kg, slaughter yield 71.1%.

In the remaining animals of all experimental groups, the biopotential was measured in six biologically active skin centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, its average value was determined, the animals were weighed before and after transportation, and the mass was determined paired carcass, carcass exit, carcass weight, carcass output.

Data on the effect of daily stimulation of biologically active skin centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 by pulsed low-intensity infrared radiation on the dynamics of the biopotential level, live weight and indicators of pig meat productivity are presented in table 1.

Table 1. Indicators 1 group (control) 2 group (5 days) 3 group (10 days) Number of animals, goals 5 5 5 BAC biopotential level before stimulation, μA 61.1 ± 1.56 60.6 ± 2.23 61.8 ± 1.92 BAC biopotential level after stimulation, μA 61.6 ± 1.87 65.3 ± 2.31 70.3 ± 2.01 * BAC biopotential level after transportation, μA 75.3 ± 1.89 70.5 ± 2.46 71.8 ± 1.80 Live weight before stimulation, kg 96.8 ± 2.78 98.3 ± 2.64 101.1 ± 2.95 Live weight after stimulation, kg 99.3 ± 2.67 99.6 ± 2.48 103.3 ± 2.32 Live weight after transportation, kg 93.8 ± 1.88 97.6 ± 2.23 101.9 ± 1.91 * Weight of fresh carcass, kg 65.8 ± 2.30 69.3 ± 2.16 73.8 ± 2.12 * Mascara yield,% 69.6 70.6 72.8 Slaughter weight, kg 68.6 ± 1.92 72.4 ± 2.31 75.8 ± 1.88 * Slaughter yield,% 72.6 73.3 74.6 The differences are statistically significant compared with the control: * - p <0.05.

Thus, the table shows that the most effective is the daily stimulation of biologically active centers with low-intensity infrared radiation at a frequency of 600 Hz, 10 mW with an exposure of 256 seconds for each center for 10 days before transportation. At the same time, physiological adaptation mechanisms are activated, which is reflected in an increase in the level of BAC biopotential, loss of live weight during transportation is reduced, and meat qualities obtained after slaughter of carcasses are increased.

Table 2. The complexity of ways to prevent transport stress of pigs Ways The complexity of min Famous 75 Proposed 35

Using the proposed method reduces the complexity, eliminates the presence of highly qualified specialists and increases the effectiveness of the prevention of transport stress of pigs.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of transport stress of pigs, which consists in activating physiological adaptation mechanisms, characterized in that the activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms is carried out by daily exposure to pulsed low-intensity infrared radiation on the skin surface in the localization zone of biologically active centers (BAC) No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 with a frequency of 600 Hz, a capacity of 10 mW with an exposure of 256 s for each center ten days before transportation.

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