RU2314111C1 - Method for preventing transport stress in cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal science.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with activating physiological adaptation mechanisms. Moreover, one should fulfill the activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms due to affecting biologically active centers (BAC) N4, N23, N33, N37, N50, N59 with constantly fixed pepper plaster of 5×5 cm size. The plaster should be applied for each center 5 d before transportation. The innovation enables to decrease labor intensity and exclude the presence of highly qualified specialists.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of prophylaxis.

2 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular to methods for the prevention of transport stress in cattle.

Known methods for the prevention of animal transport stress using drugs of synthetic origin (Sunagatulin F.A. Pharmacoclinic characteristics of Heraconda. - Veterinary, 1995, N3, p. 38-40. Stoyanovsky VG Tranquilizing effect of chlorpromazine and phenazepam on the development of adaptive reactions of different calves sex and age groups with transport stress Scientific and technical bulletin - Ukrainian Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry of Agricultural Animals, 1987, N 9/1, pp. 27-30).

The disadvantages of these methods include the use of expensive drugs, the great complexity and the need to control the content of these drugs in raw meat.

The closest analogue to the proposed method is a method for the prevention of transport stress in cattle by activating physiological adaptation mechanisms, which consists in normalizing neuromuscular excitation, restraining the mobilization of energy substances by feeding animals along with licorice root feed in the amount of 3.0 g / kg live weight per day 8 days before transportation (patent for invention RU No. 2160533 A01K67 / 02).

The disadvantages of this method are:

- great complexity;

- the need to attract highly qualified specialists;

- insufficient effect in the prevention of transport stress.

The objective of the proposed method is to reduce the complexity, the exclusion of the use of highly qualified specialists and increase the efficiency of the method in the prevention of transport stress.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known method for the prevention of transport stress, consisting in the activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms, according to the invention, the activation of physiological adaptation mechanisms is carried out by acting on biologically active centers (BAC) No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 with a permanently fixed pepper patch 5 × 5 cm in size, which is applied daily to each center five days before transportation.

To clarify the essence of the proposed method presents a picture.

The presented figure shows biologically active centers:

No. 4 - on the dorso-medial line of the body between the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae.

No. 23 - at half the distance between the lumbosacral joint and macklock.

No. 33 - in the center of the middle gluteal muscle at a distance of one width of the palm and two widths of the fingers from the dorso-medial line of the body.

No. 37 - three finger diameters caudally in the middle of the posterior edge of the scapula and four palm widths from the dorso-medial line of the body.

No. 50 - in the middle of the distance between the knee joint and the calcaneal tuber.

No. 59 - on the ventral medial line, on the four diameters of the finger of the caudal sternum.

Before exposure to biologically active centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, the level of biopotential was measured in them and the average value was calculated. For measuring the biopotential of biologically active centers (BAC), any device designed to conduct electroacupuncture or to take biopotentials of the BAC of human and animal skin, for example, ELAP devices, can be used.

Three groups of cattle were formed at the age of 18-20 months, with three heads in each, with an average live weight of 370-390 kg. The first group was the control.

Animals of the second group at BAC No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 five days before the expected transportation period, a pepper patch was applied to each center 5 × 5 cm in size, previously the location of the centers was cut. The patch was changed every day. Five days later, the level of BAC biopotential and the live weight of the experimental animals were measured.

For cattle of the third group, a patch was applied to the BAC ten days before transportation. Before experiments in animals of all groups, the level of the biopotential of these centers was measured and weighed. All manipulations were performed in the morning before feeding.

Transportation was carried out using a KAMAZ-brand car specially equipped for transportation of animals at a distance of 65 km to the slaughter site at a meat factory.

After transporting and unloading the animals, they were weighed, then after slaughter the meat qualities of the resulting carcasses were studied (mass of pair carcass, carcass yield, carcass weight, carcass yield).

Example 1. In a bull calf with a live weight of 382.5 kg, the bioelectric potential was measured with an ELAP type milliammeter in six biologically active skin centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, the average biopotential was 58.3 μA. Then, five days before transportation, a pepper patch 5 × 5 cm in size was applied to each center and changed every day. After five days of BAC stimulation, the average biopotential level at six centers was 72.5 μA, and the live weight was 385.7 kg. After transportation, the average biopotential was 75.6 μA, live weight 381.2 kg. It was further established that the mass of paired carcass was 216.6 kg, carcass yield 56.6%, slaughter weight 228.8 kg, slaughter yield 59.8%.

Example 2. In a bull calf with a live weight of 377.3 kg, the bioelectric potential was measured with an ELAP type milliammeter in six skin BACs No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59, the average biopotential at six centers was 61.5 μA . Then, ten days before transportation, a pepper patch 5 × 5 cm in size was applied to each center and changed every day. After ten days of stimulation of biologically active centers, the biopotential level was 70.3 μA, live weight 380.6 kg. After transportation, the average biopotential was 81.3 μA, live weight 373.1 kg. It was further established that the mass of paired carcass was 209.5 kg, carcass yield 56.1%, slaughter weight 218.8 kg, slaughter yield 58.6%.

In other animals, the biopotential was measured in six biologically active skin centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 in the same way, its average value was determined, the animals were weighed before and after transportation, the weight of the pair carcass was determined, carcass output, carcass weight, carcass output.

Data on the effect of stimulation of biologically active skin centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 with a permanently fixed pepper patch on the dynamics of the level of biopotential, live weight and indicators of meat productivity of cattle are presented in table 1.

The influence of BAC stimulation with a permanently fixed pepper patch on the indicators of cattle meat productivity, M ± m Table 1. Indicators 1 group (control) 2 group (5 days) 3 group (10 days) Number of animals, goals 3 3 3 BAC biopotential level before stimulation, μA 59.0 ± 1.80 59.7 ± 1.87 61.1 ± 1.60 BAC biopotential level after stimulation, μA 60.4 ± 2.18 73.8 ± 1.84 ** 69.6 ± 1.79 * BAC biopotential level 74.6 ± 2.23 76.6 ± 1.92 75.3 ± 1.63 after transportation, μA Live weight before stimulation, kg 368.3 ± 4.24 384.6 ± 3.64 376.6 ± 4.36 Live weight after stimulation, kg 372.6 ± 3.88 389.4 ± 4.16 381.3 ± 3.66 Live weight after transportation, kg 361.3 ± 3.68 384.7 ± 3.37 * 373.6 ± 4.28 Weight of fresh carcass, kg 197.7 ± 2.62 218.1 ± 2.36 ** 210.4 ± 2.8b * Mascara yield,% 55.6 57.3 56.8 Slaughter weight, kg 205.8 ± 3.12 229.9 ± 3.88 * 219.8 ± 2.89 * Slaughter yield,% 57.8 60,4 59.3 The differences are statistically significant compared with the control: * - p <0.05, ** - p <0.01

Thus, it is seen that the most effective is the stimulation of biologically active centers with a permanently fixed pepper patch for 5 days before transportation. At the same time, physiological adaptation mechanisms are activated, which is reflected in an increase in the level of BAC biopotential, loss of live weight during transportation is reduced, and meat qualities obtained after slaughter of carcasses are increased.

Using the proposed method eliminates the presence of highly qualified specialists, reduces the complexity and increases the effectiveness of the prevention of transport stress in cattle.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of transport stress in cattle, which consists in activating physiological adaptive mechanisms, characterized in that the activation of physiological adaptive mechanisms is carried out by exposure to biologically active centers No. 4, No. 23, No. 33, No. 37, No. 50, No. 59 of permanently fixed pepper a 5x5 cm patch, which is applied daily to each center five days before transportation.