RU2370094C2 - Method of nonspecific resistance increase of broiler chicken - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the method of poultry feeding. The method is in that dihydroethoxyquin is added additionally in the basic diet in the quantity of 20 to 200 mg per kilogram of the dry substance of the basic diet from 5 to 42-day old of the chicken.

EFFECT: method enables to increase concentration of sulfhydryl groups in the chicken blood and to decrease malondialdehyde.

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Description

The invention relates to the feeding of poultry, namely broiler chickens.

It is known from the prior art that the antioxidant ethoxyquin (Santokhin) is used: 1) as a highly effective stabilizer of fats and vitamins in feed of farm animals; 2) as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent against animal diseases, encephalomalacia, exudative diathesis, and muscular dystrophy (Manual on the use of ethoxychin (Santokhin) in animal husbandry and in the production of grass meal. Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture of Russia No. 13-5-2 / 1144. TU 6 -02-1288-84 IZM, 1-5, 09/07/2004).

There is also known a method of feeding chickens, taken as a prototype and including the introduction of ethoxyquine into the main diet to prevent the development of excessive free radical processes in the body and stimulate the immune status (The effect of ethoxyquin on tissue peroxidation and immune status of single comb White Leghorn cockerels. Poult Sci. 1996, Sep .; 75 (9): 1109-12. Bailey CA, Srinivasan LJ, McGeachin RB).

According to the state of the art, the antioxidant-antiradical and thiol disulfide systems of the body determine the regulatory metabolic processes in the body of higher animals and birds and are able to actively influence the state of the body's defenses, non-specific resistance and health.

In world science, the argumentation of the problem of the formation of the antioxidant status of the organism of higher animals and birds is given ever-increasing attention. New aspects of the regulatory role and the effect of antioxidants on metabolic processes, on nonspecific resistance and the state of the defenses of the human body, animals and birds continue to be revealed, an intensive search is ongoing for new, more effective antioxidants. The new domestic preparation, dihydroethoxyquin, is a hydrogenated derivative of the antioxidant ethoxyquin widely used in the production of livestock and poultry products. The preparation was synthesized and kindly provided by the RiVK-NOROS Innovation Fund, Moscow.

The nomenclature name of ethoxyquin is 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline, and dihydroethoxyquin is 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline. The quinoline molecule is the basis of the structure of ethoxyquin and dihydroethoxyquin. It is a condensation product of benzene and pyridine rings (P. Carrer, Course in Organic Chemistry, Leningrad, 1962, pp. 1020-1022). In the reduction (hydrogenation) of quinoline, regardless of the numerous hydrogenation methods using sodium and alcohol, or zinc and hydrochloric acid, or catalytically activated hydrogen on a wide range of different catalysts, hydrogen always always joins the pyridine part of its molecule. There are five double bonds in the quinoline molecule. Therefore, with hard catalytic hydrogenation (high temperature and pressure), ten hydrogen molecules can be attached to it and decahydroquinoline can be obtained. There are four double bonds in the ethoxyquin molecule (6-ethoxy 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,2-digadroquinoline). In our particular case of the synthesis of 6-ethoxy 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline from 6-ethoxy 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,2-dihydroquinoline, the only double bond in the pyridine ring between the third and fourth carbon atoms.

Hydrogenation of ethoxyquin (6-ethoxy 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,2-dihydroquinoline) was carried out in a pilot modular reactor by passing electrolytically produced hydrogen through ethoxyquin with a nickel catalyst dispersed in it with constant stirring in gentle conditions (at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 80 ° C for 15 minutes). The described conditions allowed to obtain the target product - 6-ethoxy 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (dihydroethoxyquin). The method is simple, low-cost, reproducible in the conditions of any chemical laboratory or oil-fat processing industry.

The main physico-chemical parameters of dihydroethoxyquin

The nomenclature name is 6-ethoxy 2,2,4-trimethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline.

The empirical formula is C ₁₄ H ₂₁ N ₁ O ₁

Elemental composition in percent: C-76.7; H-21; N-6.4; 0-7.3

Mass fraction of the main substance 97% Molecular mass 219 Melting temperature 38-39 ° C Decomposition temperature 210-220 ° C

Soluble in water-alcohol mixtures and water.

The infrared spectrum of the compound has vibrational bands corresponding to the bonds of secondary nitrogen, the benzene ring and the ether linkage, which confirms the structure of the molecule and the given structural formula.

Harmless to animals - withstands the test, belongs to the third hazard class according to GOST 12.1.007-76

Structural formula

An objective assessment of the functional state of the systems responsible for the nonspecific resistance of the organism, the state of antioxidant protection, and the mechanisms of nonspecific reactions to any adverse environmental influences can be very successfully evaluated by the characteristics of the thiol disulfide system. The thiol disulfide ratio (TDS), i.e. the ratio of sulfhydryl groups to disulfide groups serves as an important regulatory parameter and, at the same time, as a mobile diagnostic test for assessing nonspecific resistance of an organism.

In most pathologies of an infectious and non-infectious nature, including allergic conditions, and radiation damage, in a word, in a state of oxidative stress of any etiology, a decrease in the content of SH-groups and an increase in the concentration of SS-groups are clearly observed. Therefore, initiating and supporting reactions leading to the preservation of reduced thiol equivalents, we increase the nonspecific resistance, adaptability of the body, its resistance to the effects of a complex of adverse factors.

In the world, the generally accepted criterion for the ratio of antioxidant-prooxidant processes in any cell of the body and the functional activity of the systems responsible for non-specific resistance is the content of malondialdehyde in the blood. The growth of its content characterizes the inability of the body's protective systems to successfully cope with lipoperoxidation and oxygen oxidation processes along the one-electron pathway, during which the bulk of superreactive free radicals are formed - unoxidized oxygen products that reduce the non-specific resistance of broiler chickens. These indicators together determine the status of non-specific resistance of the organism of broiler chickens.

The present invention is aimed at solving the technical problem of increasing the nonspecific resistance of broiler chickens, and therefore, increasing the defenses of their body, reducing the incidence and mortality of broiler chickens throughout the entire technological cycle of their growing.

The problem is solved in that, in contrast to the known methods of feeding broiler chickens, including main food with full feed, according to the invention, a new antioxidant, dihydroethoxyquin, is introduced into the main diet instead of conventional antioxidants.

The advantage of the proposed method for feeding broiler chickens over the traditional one is that when it is used, the nonspecific resistance of the broiler chickens increases, which is provided by a decrease in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the blood and disulfide groups and an increase in the concentration of sulfhydryl groups. The new antioxidant dihydroethoxyquin used is a solid water-soluble substance, unlike liquid fat-soluble ethoxyquin, it is more stable and has greater antioxidant activity. The use of dihydroethoxychin in production is more technologically advanced, since it can be easily added to the required dose in both feed and drinking water of broiler chickens.

A distinctive feature of the invention: increasing the nonspecific resistance of broiler chickens by inhibiting lipid peroxidation reactions in their bodies and activating processes that support the restored state of sulfhydryl groups is achieved by introducing a new dihydroethoxychine antioxidant in the main complete feed in an amount of 20 to 200 mg / kg feed with 5 - up to 42 days of age. In the patent and scientific literature available, we have not found the use of dihydroethoxyquin to increase the nonspecific resistance of broiler chickens. This circumstance allows us to consider the claimed invention patentable as meeting the condition of patentability "inventive step" (Patent Law of the Russian Federation of 10/14/1992).

Example 1

The experiment was conducted in a poultry factory of Snezhka LLC, Bryansk region. To solve this problem, 4 groups of chickens of 300 goals each were formed. The duration of the experiment is the full technological cycle of broiler chickens growing - from the moment of hatching to slaughter for meat. Feeding the drug - from 5 to 42 days of age. Broiler chickens were grown in cell batteries at the recommended parameters of planting density, feeding rations, feeding and drinking front, temperature and light conditions.

1. Group - control, is on the main diet (RR).

2. The group is experimental, - OR + dihydroethoxyquin in a dose of 20 mg / kg of feed.

3. The group - experimental, - OR + dihydroethoxyquin - 70 mg / kg feed

4. The group - experimental, - OR + dihydroethoxyquin - 200 mg / kg feed

The results of the experiment are presented in the table.

Livestock safety and non-specific resistance in broiler chickens blood Groups The studied indicators MDA SH SS SH / SS The safety of the livestock,% 1 Group 3.52 ± 0.75 0.631 ± 0.09 0.342 ± 0.05 1.85 95.9 2 Group 3.27 ± 0.58 0.740 ± 0.12 0.329 ± 0.07 2.25 96.3 3 Group 3.02 ± 0.55 0.795 ± 0.15 0.305 ± 0.06 2.61 97.5 4 Group 2.88 ± 0.46 0.839 ± 0.20 0.290 ± 0.05 2.89 98.7 Note: MDA - malondialdehyde, μm / ml of blood plasma; SH - low molecular weight sulfhydryl groups (glutathione reduced + cysteine), μm / ml; SS — low molecular weight disulfide groups oxidized glutathione + cystine), mcm / ml; TDS is the thiol disulfide ratio (SH / SS).

As you can see from the digital material summarized in the table, the concentration of malondialdehyde progressively and sequentially decreased in groups with increasing amounts of dihydroethoxychine, an inversely proportional relationship between the amount of dihydroethoxychin introduced into the diet and the blood content of malondialdehyde broiler chickens is indicated. After the completion of the technological cycle of growing and slaughtering broiler chickens, the concentration of malondialdehyde in the blood of all experimental groups was lower than in the control.

The obtained experimental material fully confirmed the correctness of our starting premise. For this group of indicators, we also received new, very convincing information. The most remarkable circumstance is a progressive, substantial and significant increase in the concentration of sulfhydryl groups in all experimental groups of broiler chickens.

The absolute values of the concentration of disulfide groups during the experiment in the blood of broilers of the experimental groups decreased, and the absolute values of the content of sulfhydryl groups in all three experimental groups increased. As a result, the thiol-disulfide ratio in the blood of experimental broiler chickens was higher than that of control chickens.

Thus, all the information obtained on the value of a set of indicators that integrally characterize the general state of peroxidation processes in broiler chickens quite convincingly confirms the positive effect of dihydroethoxychine on non-specific resistance of broiler chickens and indicates the advisability of introducing dihydroxyethoxychine into their diets. Experimental physiological and biochemical material is confirmed by data on the safety of the broiler chickens. The mortality of poultry was lower in all experimental groups than in the control, and it decreased with an increase in the dose of dihydroethoxychine introduced into the diet.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the nonspecific resistance of broiler chickens, including basic full-nutrition, characterized in that dihydroethoxyquin is additionally added to the main diet in an amount of 20 to 200 mg per kilogram of dry matter of the main diet from 5 to 42 day old chickens.