RU2366145C1 - Combined cultivating, fertilising and seeding ploughshare - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: ploughshare includes hollow stand, duckfoot, wings, wedge, stabiliser, seed duct, seed disperser, breasts. Hollow stand features double vertical channels above the work surface of breasts. Two-side hollow trihedral wedges are mounted at breast ends. Hollow wedge area is linked to horizontal channels. Seed disperser is made in the form of elliptic paraboloid with half-cone shaped ledge in rear part, facing front part of seed disperser.

EFFECT: reduced number of aggregate passes over a field, leading to reduced soil consolidation and dispersion due to simultaneous seeding and fertilisation.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for tillage with the simultaneous application of fertilizers and sowing of cultivated crops.

A known opener for soil spread sowing, including a hollow stand, a cultivating leg with wings, under which there are channels for supplying air to the diffuser (av. St. USSR No. 719529, mcl A01C 7/20).

The disadvantages of the known coulter are unsatisfactory distribution of the sown material according to the physico-mechanical composition, and do not pre-distribute the total outflow of the sown material to the elementary individual streams.

A known opener for a spread subsoil sowing, including a stand, a flat-cut leg, a combined air-vas deferens and a diffuser in the form of a cone (av. St. USSR No. 927160, mcl A01C 7/20).

A disadvantage of the known coulter is the failure to provide the necessary distribution of the supplied volume of the sowing material, for example fertilizer fertilizers, at an optimal distance from the root system of plants of cultivated crops.

Known combination coulter for tillage and sowing, containing a hollow stand, lancet paw, wings, wedge, stabilizer, seed tube, diffuser, dumpers and additional work items (C1 RU 2304373, IPC A01C 7/20, Combined coulter for tillage 20.07.2007 g., Bull. No. 23).

The disadvantages of the known combined coulter include its limited functionality, which consists in the fact that it does not perform fertilizing to a depth of 3-4 cm below the seed placement of cultivated crops.

To eliminate these drawbacks and to achieve a technological effect, the hollow pillar is equipped with paired vertical channels communicating with horizontal channels located under the wing working surface, at the ends of which hollow double-sided trihedral wedges are placed, and their hollow region communicates with horizontal channels.

An improved structural and technological scheme of the opener allows you to perform in one pass not only tillage and sowing, but also fertilizer application. The location of the vertical and horizontal channels in the hollow rack and under the working surface of the wings of the legs ensures a compact structure and does not violate the structure of the soil during sowing. Performing double-sided trihedral wedges with hollows makes it possible to use them to seal fertilizer currents to the side and below the seed dispersal plane, which in turn eliminates the inhibition of the delicate root system of cultivated plants if the fertilizers are fed to the same dispersion plane as the seeds. The combination of the work of hollow double-sided trihedral wedges with dumpers ensures that the seeds and fertilizers are planted with an even layer of soil, transported by dumping dumpers. When using this coulter for tillage and sowing, the method of applying fertilizers located below the level of seeding is used.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a combined tillage-fertilizer-sowing opener.

Figure 2 presents the proposed opener, front view.

Figure 3 shows the vas deferens with a diffuser.

Figure 4 shows the vas deferens, a bottom view along → A.

Figure 5 shows a section bb In figure 4.

Figure 6 presents a section aa of figure 2.

The combined tillage-fertilizer-sowing opener includes a hollow stand 1, lancet paw 2, wings 3, two-sided trihedral wedge 4, stabilizer 5, vas deferens 6, diffuser 7, vertical 8 and horizontal 9 channels, working surface 10, hollow region 11, sidewall 12 , dumpers 13, 14, holder 15, adjusting bolt 16.

A design feature of the combined opener is that the seed tube 6 is mounted with a stabilizer 5 and a diffuser 7. The wings 3 of the legs are made of rectangular cross section with horizontal channels 9, which are closed by the working surface 10 of the legs 2 and communicate with the paired vertical channels 8 of the hollow rack 1 and the hollow region 11 of the wedge 4. The diffuser 7 is located under the vas deferens 6 and is made in the form of an elliptical paraboloid, having in the rear part a protrusion in the form of a semi-cone facing the front of the scattering of Tell 7 seed. In addition, the dumpers 13, 14 are installed in the holders 15, 16 with the possibility of changing their position in height and relative to the line of movement and are fixed in this selected position by the adjusting bolt 16.

During operation of the combined opener for tillage, fertilizing and sowing, the lancet paw 2 of the edge cuts the layer, compacts the wet layer and the working surface 10 forms a mulching layer. Hollow double-sided trihedral wedges 4 form the area of fertilizer location below the level of the depth of the paw 2 from 3 to 4 cm. Tufts of mineral fertilizers enter the vertical channel 8 and are sent along the horizontal channel 9 to the hollow region 11 of the wedge 4. At this point, the seeds enter the stabilizer 5 and through the vas deferens 6 enter the diffuser 7. Due to the design of the diffuser 7 seeds in the form of an elliptical paraboloid with a half cone facing the front of the diffuser 7, the seeds are distributed and laid on a damp, flat surface compacted layer. The dumping dumpers 13 and 14 close up the trace from the rack 1 and form a mulching even layer above the seeds.

The use of the opener will improve the quality of seed and fertilizer application and increase the yield of crops.

Claims (1)

Combined tillage-fertilizer-sowing opener, including a hollow stand, lancet paw, wings, wedge, stabilizer, seed tube, seed diffuser, dumpers, characterized in that the hollow stand is equipped with paired vertical channels communicating with horizontal channels located under the wing working surface, at the ends of which hollow double-sided trihedral wedges are installed, the hollow area of which is connected with horizontal channels, and the seed diffuser is made in the form of an elliptical a paraboloid with a protrusion in the rear part, in the form of a half cone facing the front of the seed diffuser.

Images