RU218074U1 - MACHINE FOR PROCESSING LEGUMS WASTE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices that separate grain and other bulk materials with an ascending air flow, and can be used in the purification of products of processing of leguminous crops in the feed industry and other industries. A machine for processing leguminous crop waste, including a body 1 of an air-separating channel, a supporting mesh 2, windows 3 for receiving the original and 4 outputs of the processed material, dividers 5 for the moving flow of the processed material and accelerators 6, 7 and 8 for the air flow, which are straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms , dividing the internal space into separating sections 9, 10 and 11. What is new is that each accelerator 6, 7 and 8 of the air flow is installed above the dividers 5 at a variable height h _4(i) (i is the serial number of the accelerator) along a conditional inclined line , emanating from a point at a height h _{3 (0)} above the beginning of the supporting grid 2 at an angle β to the horizontal, the variable height h _{4 (i)} is associated with the height h _{3 (0)} , the height of the dividers h ₂ , the gap between the grid and the lower edges of the dividers h _i , the tilt angle of the supporting grid α, the accelerator installation distance along the channel depth d _i and the angle β by the equation h _4(i) )=h ₃₍₀₎ -(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα+d _i ⋅tgβ), height h ₃₍₀₎ is determined by the ratio 1.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα)≤h ₃₍₀₎ ≤2.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα), and the angle β is related to the angle α by the ratio 0.494α≤ β≤0.859α, in the first 9 and in the second 10 sections accelerators 6 and 7 are installed frontally with the smallest plane to the movement of the material being processed, and in the third section 11 accelerators 8 are double straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms. 1 w.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices that separate grain and other bulk materials with an ascending air flow, and can be used in the purification of products of processing of leguminous crops in the feed industry and other industries.

Known is a channel for separating grain with an ascending air flow, containing a body of an air-separating channel, a supporting mesh, windows for receiving the source and output of the processed material, dividers for the moving flow of the processed material (Patent of Russia No.

The channel refers to a technique for separating grain and other bulk materials with an air stream and is used in the cleaning of grain and seeds. The channel corresponds to the expressions that determine the optimal parameters of the working bodies:

3f<hi<d, h ₁ <t<0.75d and 1<h ₂ /h ₁ <10,

where f is the average thickness of the particles of the processed material;

h ₁ - gap between the mesh and the lower edges of the dividers;

h ₂ - the height of the divider;

d - channel depth;

t - distance between dividers.

The disadvantage of the known device is not enough high quality separation. The air flow rate in the upper part of the pneumatic separating channel is less than the air flow rate in the intergranular space of the "boiling" layer of material moving from the receiving window to the output window of the processed material along the supporting grid. Therefore, not all light parts that float to the surface of the "fluidized" layer can be taken out by the air flow up the channel (the lightest ones are taken out).

Known machine for processing waste leguminous crops, containing a housing pneumatic separating channel, a supporting grid, windows for receiving the source and output of the processed material and air flow accelerators, which are straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms dividing the internal space into separating sections (Patent of Russia No. 2365431, IPC B07V 4/08, 03/31/2008).

The machine can remove husks, chaff, dust and seeds from other crops. The machine corresponds to the expression that determines the optimal parameters of the working bodies:

0.07d<ns<0.25d,

where s is the thickness of the accelerators;

n is the number of accelerators;

d is the depth of the body of the pneumatic separating channel.

The known device showed an insufficiently high level of separation at high flows of the processed material into the pneumoseparating channel, due to the fact that the content of impurity particles in the processed waste of leguminous crops varies from 40 to 90%, so the concentration of light particles that float to the surface of the "boiling" layer in the space between the supporting mesh and the airflow accelerators reaches a critical value, at which the release of impurity particles stops.

The technical objective of the utility model is to increase the productivity and efficiency of the machine for processing leguminous crop waste.

The set technical task is achieved by the fact that in a machine for processing waste of leguminous crops, including a body of an air-separating channel, a supporting mesh, windows for receiving the source and output of the processed material, dividers of the moving flow of the processed material and air flow accelerators, which are straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms separating internal space into separating sections, according to the utility model, each airflow accelerator is installed above the dividers at a variable height h _4(i) (i is the serial number of the accelerator) along a conditional inclined line emanating from a point at a height h ₃₍₀₎ above the beginning of the supporting grid at an angle β to the horizontal, the variable height h _4(i) is associated with the height h ₃₍₀₎ , the height of the dividers h ₂ , the gap between the grid and the lower edges of the dividers h ₁ , the angle of inclination of the supporting grid α, the distance of the accelerator installation along the depth of the channel d _i , and angle β by the equality h _4(i) )=h ₃₍₀₎ -(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα+d _i ⋅tgβ), the height h ₃₍₀₎ is determined by the relation 1.5(h ₂ + h ₁ /cosα)≤h ₃₍₀₎ ≤2.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα), and the angle β is related to the angle a by the ratio 0.494α≤β≤0.859α, in the first and second sections the accelerators are installed frontally the smallest plane to the movement of the processed material, and in the third section the accelerators are double straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms.

The utility model is illustrated by a drawing, which shows a machine for processing leguminous crop waste.

The machine comprises a housing of the pneumatic separating channel 1, a supporting mesh 2, a window 3 for receiving the source material, a window 4 for the output of the processed material, splitters of the moving material flow 5, accelerators 6, 7 and 8 of the air flow, dividing the internal space into separating sections 9, 10 and eleven.

Machine for processing waste leguminous crops works as follows.

The source material, consisting of particles of leguminous crops and impurities to be separated, the content of which is 40-90%, is fed through the loading window 3 into the body of the pneumo-separating channel 1, where, moving down along the inclined supporting grid 2, it is exposed to the ascending air flow, injected from below or sucked from above by some kind of air flow generator (not shown). Under the influence of air flow and gravitational forces, the material is stratified in a fan-like manner. To stop the process of formation of a large fan, which negatively affects the separation process, dividers 5 are installed, which stop the upper part of the flow of the processed material. This stopped flow is a cloud of hovering particles, which needs a certain space where they would be redistributed, heavy particles would fall down, and light ones would float up, and after this happens, it is necessary to equalize the speed of the air flow inside the hovering layer and above it, therefore need to install accelerators 6, 7 and 8 air flow. The useful model of the machine just solves this problem due to the fact that each accelerator 6, 7 and 8 of the air flow is installed above the dividers 5 at a variable height h _4(i) (i is the serial number of the accelerator) along a conditional inclined line emanating from a point on height h _{3 (0)} above the beginning of the supporting grid at an angle β to the horizontal, the variable height h _{4 (i)} is associated with the height h _{3 (0)} , the height of the dividers h ₂ , the gap between the grid and the lower edges of the dividers h ₁ , the angle of inclination of the supporting grid α, the accelerator installation distance along the channel depth d _i , and the angle β by the equality h _4(i) )=h ₃₍₀₎ -(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα+d _i ⋅tgβ), height h ₃₍₀₎ is determined by the ratio 1.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα)≤h ₃₍₀₎ ≤2.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα), and the angle β is related to the angle α by the ratio 0.494α≤β≤0.859α. The variability of the height h _{4 (i)} is due to the heterogeneity of the mixture of leguminous wastes, and each of the isolated soaring fractions needs its own volume, which is limited by its height between the accelerator 6, 7 or 8 and the divider 5.

In order to increase the efficiency of ejection of the emitted particles when the height of the accelerators 6, 7 and 8 is variable above the dividers 5, in the first and second sections the accelerators are installed frontally with the smallest plane to the movement of the processed material, and in the third section the accelerators are double straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms.

The purified material (particles of leguminous crops) is removed through window 4.

The installation of accelerators according to the above design parameters solves the problem of stabilizing the interaction of the flows of the processed material and air along the depth and height of the channel sections, which undoubtedly leads to an increase in the productivity and efficiency of the separation process.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for the processing of leguminous crop waste, including a body of an air-separating channel, a supporting mesh, windows for receiving the source and output of the processed material, splitters for the moving flow of the processed material and air flow accelerators, which are straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms that divide the internal space into separating sections, characterized in that each airflow accelerator is installed above the dividers at a variable height h _4(i) (i is the serial number of the accelerator) along a conditional inclined line emanating from a point at a height h ₃₍₀₎ above the beginning of the supporting grid at an angle β to the horizontal , the variable height h _4(i) is related to the height h ₃₍₀₎ , the height of the dividers h ₂ , the gap between the grid and the lower edges of the dividers h ₁ , the angle of inclination of the supporting grid α, the accelerator installation distance along the depth of the channel d _i and the angle β by the equation h _4(i) =h ₃₍₀₎ -(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα+d _i ⋅tgβ), the height h ₃₍₀₎ is determined by the relation 1.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα)≤h _{3 (0)} ≤2.5(h ₂ +h ₁ /cosα), and the angle β is related to the angle α by the relation 0.494α≤β≤0.859α. 2. A machine for processing leguminous wastes according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first and second sections the accelerators are installed frontally with the smallest plane to the movement of the processed material, and in the third section the accelerators are double straight isosceles trapezoidal prisms.

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