RU2503169C2 - Separator of grain mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry. The separator of grain mixture comprises a receiving-loading device 1 connected through a window 2 with a separating channel 3 connected with the upper part to the chamber 4 of receiving light impurities. In the upper part of the chamber 4 of receiving light impurities a diametrical fan 5 is mounted. The discharge pipe of the fan 5 by means of air supply channel 6 is connected to a lower part of the separating channel 3, in which the device 7 of the output of clean grain is located. In the air supply channel 6 the throttle 8 is placed. In the lower part of the separating channel 3 a screw conveyor 9 is mounted. Under the screw 9 the sieve 10 is coaxially located. Sectional area of the lower part of the separating channel 3 is greater than the sectional area of its upper part. In the separating channel 3 between the window 2 and the screw 9 a guide element 11 is mounted.

EFFECT: separator provides improvement of cleaning efficiency of the grain mixture.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely, to devices for cleaning a grain mixture.

Known pneumatic separator containing a receiving and loading device, with a screw installed in it, under which there is an inclined mesh conveyor, suction and discharge channels, with a throttle valve located in the middle of the latter, a chamber for receiving light impurities, in which a diametrical fan and discharge screw are installed light impurities (Oknin, B.S. Machines for post-harvest grain processing [Text] / B.S. Oknin // Textbook for the training of personnel in mass professions - M .: Agropromizdat, 1987. - P.19).

The disadvantage of the described pneumatic separator is the low cleaning efficiency due to the presence of large impurities in the cleaned grain passing through the mesh conveyor cells.

The closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result (prototype) is a grain separator containing a pick-and-place device connected through a window with a separating channel communicated by the upper part with a light impurities receiving chamber with a diametrical fan installed in the upper part, and a discharge pipe which, through the air supply channel, is connected to the lower part of the separating channel, in which the purified grain output device is located, a throttle a flap placed in the air supply channel, and a screw, which is located sequentially in the receiving and loading device, the separation channel and the device for the removal of large impurities, while in the area of the screw located in the separation channel, elements for mixing the grain mixture are rigidly fixed, under it coaxially a sieve is placed, and a deflector is installed below (Patent RU No. 2428001, IPC A01F 12/44, B07B 4/00, publ. 2011).

The disadvantage of the described separator is the low cleaning efficiency due to the difficulty of separating part of the light impurities due to the dense flow of the grain mixture at the beginning of the sieve, which facilitates the capture and removal of a certain part of light impurities from the separator along with the cleaned grain, as well as an increase in the speed of the air flow passing through the sieve openings , due to the implementation of the separation channel with a constant height cross-sectional area, the creation of additional air resistance due to the use of a screw of the described design and the presence of accumulation of straw impurities on the sieve, preventing the passage of clean grain through the sieve.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture.

To achieve this technical result, in a grain mixture separator containing a loading and receiving device connected through a window with a separating channel communicated by the upper part with a light impurities receiving chamber with a diametrical fan installed in the upper part, the discharge pipe of which is connected to the lower part of the separating channel through an air supply channel channel, in which there is a device for output of refined grain, a throttle valve located in the air supply channel, and a screw, under orym coaxially taken sieve conveyor screw is configured and mounted in the lower part of the separating channel cross-sectional area which is greater than the cross sectional area of its upper part, wherein in the separation between the channel box and the screw guide member is located.

In addition, the tape auger can be made multi-start.

In addition, the working surface of the tape auger can be performed with a frame bristle elements of elastic material designed to contact with the inner surface of the sieve.

Improving the cleaning efficiency of the grain mixture due to the creation of conditions for reducing air resistance, ensuring equalization of the air flow rate in the loading zone of the cleaned grain mixture in the separation channel and in the sieve openings and the possibility of uniform distribution with the formation of a thin layer of the grain mixture on the sieve due to the direction of the mixture flow to the longitudinal side sieve, located first in the direction of rotation of the screw, is achieved by the fact that the screw is made tape and installed in the lower part of the separating channel a, the cross-sectional area of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of its upper part, while a guide element is located in the separating channel between the window and the screw.

In addition, to increase the cleaning efficiency by ensuring a reduction in the portion of the grain mixture moving along the sieve, the belt auger can be multi-start.

In addition, to increase efficiency by preventing clogging of the sieve cells, the working surface of the belt auger can be made with framing by bristle elements made of elastic material intended for contact with the inner surface of the sieve.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 shows the separator of the grain mixture, front view; figure 2 is also a left view, figure 3 is a separator of the grain mixture, the screw of which is made multiple with a working surface framed by bristle elements, front view.

In addition, in figures 1, 2 and 3, arrows are shown;

зерновая смесь;

grain mixture;

воздушный поток;

air flow;

легкие примеси;

light impurities;

очищенное зерно;

refined grain;

крупные примеси.

large impurities.

The grain mixture separator contains a loading device 1, connected through a window 2 with a separating channel 3. The latter is communicated by the upper part with a chamber 4 for receiving light impurities with a diametrical fan 5 installed in the upper part, whose discharge pipe (not shown) is through an air supply channel 6 is connected to the lower part of the separating channel 3, in which there is a device 7 output purified grain, for example, a lock gate. The throttle valve 8 is placed in the air supply channel 6. The screw 9, under which the sieve 10 is coaxially placed, is made tape and installed in the lower part of the separation channel 3, and the cross-sectional area of the lower part of the separation channel 3 in the installation area of the screw 9 is larger than the cross-sectional area of its upper part. In this case, a guide element 11 is located in the separating channel 3 between the window 2 and the screw 9. The belt screw 9 can be multi-start, in particular double-start. The working surface of the tape auger 9 can be made framed by bristle elements 12 of an elastic material, for example rubber, designed to contact the inner surface of the sieve 10 and to help clean it of large straw impurities. At the bottom of the chamber 4 receiving light impurities is a device 13 output light impurities. On the side of one of the ends of the sieve 10 is a device 14 output large impurities. The receiving-loading device 1 contains, in particular, a hopper 15, in the lower part of which a feeder 16 is located.

The separator grain heap works as follows.

The grain mixture from the hopper 15 of the receiving-loading device 1 through the feeder 16 is thrown through the window 2 into the separation channel 3. The upward air flow created by the diametrical fan 5 blows the grain mixture. Light particles are carried away by air upward and, passing through the upper part of the separation channel 3, fall into the chamber 4 for receiving light impurities. Since the cross section of the chamber 4 for receiving light impurities is several times larger than the cross section of the upper part of the separating channel 3, the air velocity decreases sharply, while light particles fall to the bottom of the chamber 4 and enter the device 13 for output of light impurities. The remaining processed material together with large impurities having a soaring speed greater than the air velocity in the separation channel 3, reflected from the channel wall 3 and the guide element 11, enters the longitudinal side of the sieve 10, located first along the rotation of the belt screw 9, and then moves on it with a ribbon screw 9, placed in a thin layer. Since the screw 9 is installed in the lower part of the separation channel 3, the cross-sectional area of which in the installation area of the screw 9 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper part, the air velocity above the sieve 10 is reduced, allowing the material to be lowered onto the sieve 10. The air velocity in the holes of the sieve 10 becomes higher than the rate of rotation of the straw fraction of the processed material, but lower than the rate of grain flow, allowing the latter to pass through the openings of the sieve 10. The air flow rate is regulated using a throttle slonki 8. When moving the sieve material 10 passes through the openings the material being processed, and large impurities are tailings and fed to the output device 14 of large impurities. The grain passing through the sieve 10 enters the device 7 output cleaned grain.

Thus, the use of the invention improves the cleaning efficiency of the grain mixture.

Claims (3)

1. The separator of the grain mixture containing the receiving and loading device connected through a window with a separating channel communicated by the upper part with a chamber for receiving light impurities with a diametrical fan installed in the upper part, the discharge pipe of which is connected through the air supply channel to the lower part of the separation channel, in which there is a device for outputting refined grain, a throttle valve located in the air supply channel, and a screw, under which a sieve is coaxially placed, characterized the fact that the screw is made of tape and installed in the lower part of the separating channel, the cross-sectional area of which is greater than the cross-sectional area of its upper part, while a guide element is located in the separating channel between the window and the screw. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt auger is multi-start. 3. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surface of the belt auger is framed with bristle elements made of elastic material intended to contact the inner surface of the sieve.

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