RU166514U1 - DEVICE FOR POST-RESULTING PNEUMOSEAPRATION OF CEREAL HEAP - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for post-sizing pneumatic separation of a grain pile, including a vertical pneumatic separation channel with a transverse window for introducing the material to be cleaned, in which a feeder is installed, characterized in that the feeder is made in the form of an oscillating tray with a stepped ramp surface, the width of the steps b is less than or equal to the oscillation amplitude of the feeder itself .

Description

The utility model relates to techniques for the separation of grain and other bulk materials by vertical air flow and can be used in agricultural production, flour and grain feed industry for the cleaning of bulk materials, mainly grain and granular materials, from light impurities by air flow.

Known machines with a system for post-sizing pneumatic separation of grain heaps. These include machines such as SVU-60, OZF-50, OZF-80, and others. In the above machines, the grain heap, when leaving the sieve mill, enters the air-separating channel of post-sieve aspiration. For high-quality cleaning of the grain heap in the channel of the second aspiration, it is necessary to uniformly distribute it along the depth and width of the channel (i.e., over its cross section).

A disadvantage of the known devices is the uneven distribution of grain mass over the cross section of the vertical pneumatic separation channel of the post-sizing pneumatic separation. Moreover, most of the air flow passes in those sections of the channel where there is a lower concentration of the processed material, i.e. in places of less resistance to the movement of air flow. This leads to a decrease in the quality of separation of grain heaps.

It is possible to increase the efficiency of pneumatic separation of a grain pile while improving the uniformity of its distribution over the cross section of the pneumatic separation channel.

The closest to the achieved result to the proposed technical solution is a pneumatic separator, including a pneumatic separating channel with a transverse window for inputting the material to be separated, in which the feeder is mounted on the shaft. [Patent No. 2153401 of the Russian Federation, IPC7 B07B 4/02, 11/06. Pneumoseparator / A.K. Bolotov, V.E. Saitov, R.G. Gataullin (Russian Federation). - No. 99111010/03; declared 05/25/99; publ. 07.27.2000 // Inventions. Useful models. - 2000. - No. 21 (PC.). - S. 424 - prototype].

In the known device, the surface of the sieve is made in the form of a single-cavity hyperboloid of rotation, it is quite complicated for technical manufacture and requires specially designed equipment that can withstand the strict dimensions of the surface contour of the feeder and the strict diametral cross-sections along the entire length of the feeder. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the feeder and this pneumatic separator is expensive.

In addition, the activators installed on the feeder shaft, like the solid shaft itself, block the natural movement of the grain material in the central part of the feeder, creating a heap (“unloading”) of the grain material inside the feeder, which, in turn, reduces the expected effect of grain separation material.

Also, the use of a rotating feeder in grain cleaning machines requires a separate drive, which leads to the complication and cost of the grain cleaning machine itself. At the same time, during operation of the air separator, additional energy is expended on the feeder drive.

The utility model solves the problem of more complete separation of the components of the grain heap in the channel of the second suction of the grain cleaning machine, while reducing costs.

EFFECT: optimization of the process of introducing the grain mass into the channel of the post-sieve pneumatic separation of the grain heap and reducing the cost of cleaning the grain.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for post-sieve pneumatic separation of grain heaps, including a vertical pneumatic separation channel with a transverse window for introducing the material to be cleaned, in which the feeder is installed, the latter is made in the form of an oscillating tray with a stepped sloping surface.

When used on air-sieve grain cleaning machines as a device for post-sieve pneumatic separation of grain heaps can be installed in the final part of the sieve mill and oscillate with it. The use of this device allows to increase the uniformity of loading and distribution of grain mass in a vertical pneumatic separation channel practically without complicating the overall design of the grain cleaning machine.

The proposed device for post-sizing pneumatic separation of a grain pile is shown in the diagram.

A device for post-sizing pneumatic separation of a grain pile includes a pneumatic separation channel 1 with a transverse window 2 for introducing grain material in which an oscillating feeder 3 with steps 4 is installed. The feeder consists of side walls and a sloping surface. The sloping surface of the tray has a stepped relief. The steps have a height a , a width b and an inclination angle β.

The choice of the height of a steps is determined by the size of the fractions of the processed material from the condition of ensuring the greatest degree of contact between the grain and the feeder, which is necessary to give the initial rate of introduction of the material into the air separation channel.

The width b of the steps is chosen less than or equal to the amplitude of the oscillation of the feeder itself, to ensure uniform loading of the pneumatic channel.

The angle of inclination of the β steps is selected from the condition of ensuring the distribution of the processed material over the height and area of the separation zone in the air separation channel, which facilitates the work of the air flow and leads to more efficient separation of the grain heap.

For example, for a heap of wheat processed on a two-aspiration grain cleaning machine with an oscillation amplitude of the sieve mill of 30 mm, the step width will be 25-30 mm, the step height will be in the range of 4 to 8 mm, and the angle of inclination β is 100 ° ± 10 °.

A device for post-sizing pneumatic separation of a heap of grain works as follows.

The grain heap enters the air separation channel 1 through the window 2 through the feed tray 3 at a certain speed. When moving along the feed tray, the speed of the grain mass approaches the linear speed of the tray, which leads to acceleration of the mass. Due to the collision of the particles of the heap against the walls of the steps, which have an angle of inclination β, the grain mass is evenly distributed over the cross section of the channel, in which the grain mixture is divided into components under the action of the ascending air flow. The output of the refined grain is carried out through the lower part of the channel 1.

The uniform distribution of the grain mass over the channel cross section is ensured by the feed tray, which has a stepped surface at the input to the channel, which, when the tray is reciprocating, gives the initial speed to the grain pile when fed into the air separation channel. When the material being processed interacts with the stepped surface of the feeding tray and the grains collide with each other, the heap particles are reflected at different angles, forming a dispersed fan-shaped flow of the grain mixture in the air separation channel, which allows the air stream to more easily remove lightweight impurities from it and carry them into the sedimentation chamber of the grain cleaning machine.

Claims (1)

A device for post-sizing pneumatic separation of a grain pile, including a vertical pneumatic separation channel with a transverse window for introducing the material to be cleaned, in which a feeder is installed, characterized in that the feeder is made in the form of an oscillating tray with a stepped ramp surface, the width of the steps b is less than or equal to the oscillation amplitude of the feeder itself .

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