RU210229U1 - Air-sieve cleaning machine for a pile of seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to grain and seed cleaning equipment intended for use in agricultural enterprises, in the flour-elevator and feed industries for cleaning a heap of seeds from light, small and large impurities and dust that differ from the main seeds in aerodynamic properties and sizes. It is aimed at increasing productivity, which is achieved due to the fact that the air-sieve machine for cleaning a heap of seeds consists of a frame 1 suspended from frame 1 using spring suspensions 2, a sieve block 3, consisting of sieves 4 for separating large impurities and sieves 5 for separating small impurities, pitched sheets 6, chutes 7 bulk impurities and chutes 8 small impurities, chutes 9 output of grain cleaned on sieves, unbalanced drive 10 vibrations of the mills, aspiration system of the machine, consisting of a receiving pipe 11, a receiving chamber 12, a feeding device 13 , pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration, air duct 15, sedimentary chamber 16 of the first aspiration with unloading screw 17, air flow regulator 18 of the first aspiration, pneumoseparating channel 19 of the second aspiration, air duct 20, sedimentary chamber 21 of the second aspiration with unloading screw 22, air flow controller 23 second aspiration, exhaust duct 24, intermediate duct 25 with central 26 and side 27, 28 channels. The sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration 16 is installed inside the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration 21, which has a pneumoseparating channel of the second aspiration 19, an exhaust duct 24 installed after the sedimentation chamber 16 of the first aspiration, an air flow regulator 18 of the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration 21, which regulates the amount of air leaving after the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration 21 for reused air in the sedimentary chamber of the first aspiration 16, and between the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration 21 and the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the sedimentary chamber of the first aspiration 16, an intermediate air duct 29 is installed, which ensures the air outlet of the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration 21 and its entry into the sedimentation chamber first aspiration chamber 16, allowing air to be reused. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to grain and seed cleaning equipment intended for use: in agricultural enterprises, in the flour-elevator and feed industry for cleaning a heap of seeds from light, small and large impurities and dust, which differ from the main seeds in terms of aerodynamic properties and sizes.

An analogue machine for secondary cleaning of sunflower seeds is known (in the description of the utility model for patent No. 172915, IPC A01F 12/44, according to application No. 2017106234, dated February 22, 2017, publ. July 31, 2017. in bull. No. 22), containing the upper sieve mill , which in its lower part has a tray for removing seeds to the lower camp, a common sedimentation chamber connected to a fan, pneumatic channels for preliminary and final cleaning, a feed roller, a valve, augers for removing heavy and light impurities, fine adjustment dampers for the pneumatic channel for preliminary and final aspiration, damper for coarse adjustment of the air supply, exhaust pipe, chutes, a tray for removing seeds to the lower camp is located at an angle of 40-45 ° to the horizon inside the vertical pneumatic channel of the final aspiration and is made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, for example, fluoroplastic.

Disadvantages: insufficiently high performance of the machine. To clean grain from light impurities and dust due to the supply to each separating channel, a large amount of atmospheric air is required to ensure the required air flow rate for the effective separation of light impurities and, as a result, increased energy costs for the process of separating grain material in pneumatic separating channels. All this leads to insufficiently high machine productivity.

The closest analogue of the air-sieve cleaning machine for a heap of seeds is known (in the description of the utility model to the patent No. 189228, IPC B07B 4/08, according to the application 2018134857, dated 10/01/2018, publ. 05/16/2019, in bull. No. 14), including installed on the frame, a pneumatic separating system with channels for pre-screen and post-screen aspiration and a sieve part, consisting of the upper and lower tiers of sieves, two channels for post-screen aspiration, of which the first channel for post-screen aspiration is made with the possibility of withdrawing seed material from the side of the machine and the entrance to it is located in the area of descent from unloading device of the seed material cleaned on the upper tier of sieves, and the second channel of post-screen aspiration is made with the possibility of withdrawing the seed material from the machine down and the entrance to it is located in the area of exit from the unloading device of the seed material cleaned on the lower tier of sieves.

Disadvantages: insufficiently high performance of the machine. To clean grain from light impurities and dust due to the supply to each separating channel, a large amount of atmospheric air is required to ensure the required air flow rate for the effective separation of light impurities and, as a result, increased energy costs for the process of separating grain material in pneumatic separating channels. All this leads to insufficiently high machine productivity.

EFFECT: increased productivity.

The technical result in the machine for air-sieve cleaning of a heap of seeds is achieved due to the fact that it consists of a frame suspended from the frame by means of spring suspensions, a sieve block consisting of sieves for separating large impurities and sieves for separating small impurities, pitched sheets, chutes impurities and chutes of small impurities, a chute for the removal of grain cleaned on sieves, an unbalanced drive for vibrations of the mills, an aspiration system of the machine, consisting of a receiving pipe, a receiving chamber, a feeding device, a pneumatic separating channel of the first aspiration, an air duct, a sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration with an unloading screw, an air regulator flow of the first aspiration, pneumatic separating channel of the second aspiration, air duct, sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration with an unloading screw, air flow regulator of the second aspiration, exhaust air duct, intermediate air duct with a central channel and side channels, while the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration is installed inside the sedimentary th chamber of the second aspiration, and between the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration and the pneumatic separating channel of the first aspiration, an intermediate air duct with a central and side channels is installed, with an air flow regulator of the second aspiration located in the upper part of the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration, which regulates the amount of air leaving after the second aspiration for the reused air in the first aspiration.

The whole set of essential features ensures the achievement of the technical result. Due to the installation of the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration inside the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration, the atmospheric air entering the machine after passing through the pneumatic separating channel of the second aspiration in the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration is divided into two streams, while the first flow is sent to the exhaust pipe, and the second air flow is sent for reuse for the separation process to the pneumoseparating channel of the first aspiration of the machine, while the air flow of the first air flow is regulated by the second aspiration air flow regulator, and the second flow, together with impurities separated from the first flow, is sent to the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration, after deposition in which, puny grain and light impurities are removed outside the machine with the help of an unloading auger, and the second air flow, partially cleared of impurities, is sent to the pneumatic separating channel of the first aspiration, where, after separating some of the impurities from the incoming through the grain material feeding device, the second air flow is directed to the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration, located inside the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration, while the impurities deposited from the air flow in the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration are removed outside the machine with the help of an unloading screw, and the air flow is directed to the exhaust air duct, where it is combined with the first air stream, while the air flow in the second air stream is regulated using the first aspiration air flow regulator installed in the exhaust duct, while the grain material flow that has been cleaned in the sieve and air part is removed outside the machine and directed to further processing.

The inventive device provides a reduction in energy costs for the process of pneumoseparation of grain material by 30-40% compared with analogues, tk. the volume of sedimentary chambers of the first and second aspiration increases and the speed of air flows in these sedimentary chambers decreases, the air flow through the aspiration system of the machine decreases and light impurities are effectively deposited in the sedimentation chambers.

The presence of essential features distinctive from the prototype makes it possible to recognize the proposed technical solution as new.

The possibility of implementing the claimed utility model in the industry makes it possible to recognize it as meeting the criterion of industrial applicability.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where

in fig. 1 shows a diagram of a machine for air-sieve cleaning of a pile of seeds;

in fig. 2 shows a diagram of the screen part with a sequential arrangement of the sedimentation chambers of the first and second aspiration systems of the air screen machine;

in fig. 3 shows a diagram of an intermediate duct with channels.

The air-sieve machine for cleaning a heap of seeds consists of a frame 1 suspended from the frame 1 with the help of spring suspensions 2, a block of 3 sieves, consisting of sieves 4 for separating large impurities and sieves 5 for separating small impurities, pitched sheets 6, chutes 7 compartments impurities and chutes 8 small impurities, chutes 9 output of grain cleaned on sieves, unbalanced drive 10 oscillations of the mills, aspiration system of the machine, consisting of a receiving pipe 11, a receiving chamber 12, a feeding device 13, a pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration, an air duct 15, a sedimentation chamber 16 of the first aspiration with unloading auger 17, regulator 18 of the air flow of the first aspiration, pneumatic separating channel 19 of the second aspiration, air duct 20, settling chamber 21 of the second aspiration with unloading auger 22, regulator 23 of the air flow of the second aspiration, exhaust duct 24, intermediate duct 25 with a central 26 and lateral 27, 28 channels, which connects the outlet of the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration and the entrance to the sedimentation chamber 16 of the first aspiration.

The sedimentary chamber of the first aspiration 16 is installed inside the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration 21, which has a pneumoseparating channel of the second aspiration 19, an exhaust duct 24 installed after the sedimentary chamber of the first aspiration 16, an air flow regulator 18 of the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration 21, which regulates the amount of air coming out after sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration 21 for reused air in the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration 16. The intermediate air duct 29, installed between the sedimentation chamber 21 of the second aspiration and the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the sedimentary chamber 16 of the first aspiration, provides the air outlet of the sedimentation chamber 21 of the second aspiration and its entry into the sedimentation chamber chamber 16 of the first aspiration, ensuring the reuse of air.

This leads to a reduction in energy costs for the process of pneumoseparation of grain material by 30-40%. the air flow through the suction system of the machine is reduced and light impurities are effectively deposited in the sedimentation chambers 16, 21, the volume of the sedimentation chambers of the first and second aspiration 16, 21 is increased and the speed of air flows in these sedimentation chambers is reduced.

The air-sieve machine works as follows.

Through the inlet pipe 11 into the receiving chamber 12, the flow "A" of the initial grain material is fed into the machine, which, using the feeder 13, is sent to the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration, where, with the help of the air flow "B" coming from the sedimentary chamber 21 of the second aspiration, light impurities and dust are partially separated from the initial grain material, which are sent through the air duct 15 to the settling chamber 16, in which light impurities and dust are partially deposited from the air flow, which are removed outside the machine with the help of an unloading screw 17 (flow "H"), and the air flow "B" with the rest of the light impurities and dust through the exhaust duct 24 is sent for subsequent purification from impurities in the aspiration system of the enterprise. Stream "A" after partial purification from impurities is directed to sieves 4 of the sieve part of the machine, where, after separation, large impurities descend along the surface of sieves 4 through chutes 7 form a stream "F", which is discharged outside the machine, and the grain material that has passed through sieves 4 is sent to the sieves 5, where after separation the small impurities that have passed through these sieves, moving along the pitched sheets 6 and chutes 8, form a flow "G", which is discharged outside the machine. The grain material, which has been cleaned from impurities, after leaving the surfaces of the sieves 5, forms a stream "J", which is sent to the pneumatic separating channel 19 of the second aspiration, where with the help of the air stream "C" (incoming atmospheric air) the following are separated from the grain material: puny grain, weeds, light impurities and dust, which, together with the air flow "C" through the air duct 20, are sent to the settling chamber 21, and the grain material flow "J" cleaned from impurities is discharged outside the machine. From the air flow "C" in the sedimentation chamber 21 stand out: puny grain, weeds, light impurities and partially dust, which form the flow I and with the help of the unloading auger 22 are removed outside the machine, and the air flow "B" with the rest of the dust through the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration, the air duct 15, the sedimentation chamber 16 of the first aspiration is combined with the flow "D" in the air duct 24, forming the flow "E", which is sent for subsequent purification from impurities in the aspiration system of the enterprise. The flow of grain material “J” that has been cleaned in the sieve and air part is removed outside the machine and sent for further processing.

With the help of the aspiration system connected to the exhaust duct 24, with the help of the first aspiration air flow regulator 18 and the second aspiration air flow regulator 23, the air flow rate necessary for effective separation is set in the air separating channels 14 and 19. In this case, the air flow rate "C" through the pneumoseparating channel 19 of the second aspiration is greater than the air flow rate "B" through the separating channel 14 of the first aspiration by the amount of air flow rate "D", which is formed due to air suction under the valve of the second aspiration air flow regulator 23 and combines with the air flow "B" in the air duct 24, forming a flow "E", then through the inlet pipe 11, the receiving chamber 12, the flow "A" of the initial grain material is fed into the machine, which, using the feeder 13, is sent to the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration, where with the help of the air flow "B" coming from the sedimentation chamber 21 of the second aspiration through the intermediate duct 25, light impurities and dust are partially separated from the initial grain material, after which the air flow "B" through the duct 15, the side channels 27 of the intermediate duct 25 is sent to the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration, after cleaning from impurities in which, from the air flow, light impurities and dust are partially deposited, which are discharged outside the machine with the help of an unloading screw 17 (flow "H"), and the air flow "B" with the rest of light impurities and dust, through the side channels 28 of the intermediate air duct 25, the exhaust air duct 24 out of the air section of the machine. Stream "A" after partial purification from impurities is sent to the sieve part of the machine, where, after partial purification from large and small impurities, stream "A" is sent to the pneumatic separating channel 14 of the first aspiration, where, after cleaning from puny grain and light impurities, the stream of purified grain "J » is removed outside the machine and sent for further processing, and the air flow of the flow "C" through the pneumatic separating channel 19 of the second aspiration, the air duct 20 is sent to the sedimentation chamber 21 of the second aspiration, where the following are separated from the air flow "C": puny grain, light impurities and partly dust, which is discharged outside the machine with the help of the unloading screw 22 (stream "I"). In the settling chamber 21, the flow "C" is divided into the flow "B", which is directed through the central channel 26 of the intermediate air duct 25 to the pneumatic separating channel 14 and the flow "D", which is discharged outside the machine through the exhaust duct 24.

The use of the inventive machine will provide increased productivity.

Claims (1)

Air-sieve cleaning machine for a heap of seeds, characterized by the fact that it consists of a frame suspended from the frame by means of spring suspensions of a sieve block consisting of sieves for separating large impurities and sieves for separating small impurities, pitched sheets, chutes of large impurities and chutes of small impurities , chutes for the output of grain cleaned on sieves, an unbalanced drive of vibrations of the mills, an aspiration system of the machine, consisting of a receiving pipe, a receiving chamber, a feeding device, a pneumatic separating channel of the first aspiration, an air duct, a sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration with an unloading auger, a first aspiration air flow regulator, a pneumatic separating a second aspiration channel, an air duct, a sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration with an unloading screw, a second aspiration air flow regulator, an exhaust air duct, an intermediate air duct with a central channel and side channels, while the sedimentation chamber of the first aspiration is installed inside the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration, and between the sedimentary chamber of the second aspiration and the pneumo-separating channel of the first aspiration, an intermediate air duct with a central and side channels is installed, with an air flow regulator of the second aspiration located in the upper part of the sedimentation chamber of the second aspiration, which regulates the amount of air leaving after the second aspiration for reused air in first aspiration.

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