RU2387489C1 - Grain cleaner aspirating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises aspirating channels of primary and secondary cleaning, catch box, air feed channel of primary and secondary cleaning, cross flow fan with suction opening communicated with primary and secondary cleaning catch boxes via by pass valves. It comprises also pressure branch pipe communicated with air feed channels, air cleaner, feed devices arranged in aspirating channel walls and appliances to discharge grain and admixtures. Primary cleaning catch box top part has shutter-like reflecting plane. Bypass channel suction openings are arranged above said plane and have rhombic shape and their longer diagonal directed vertically.

EFFECT: higher quality of grain cleaning.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention is intended for the separation of bulk materials using air flows and can be used in agricultural production, in the flour and grain elevator and feed industries for cleaning and sorting grain.

A pneumatic separating device of a grain cleaning machine is known, including two pneumatic separating systems with settling chambers, pneumatic separating and air supplying channels, a diametrical fan with a suction window and a discharge pipe installed between the pneumatic separating systems, loading devices located in the walls of the pneumatic separating channels, an air exhausting channel connecting systems with fan suction window, adapted ia for the removal of grain and impurities [1].

A disadvantage of the known device is the low quality of cleaning of the grain material in the pneumatic separation channel of the first pneumatic separation system due to the fact that the dusty impurities coming from the loading device of the first pneumatic separation system through the air exhaust channel into the suction window of the diametrical fan are again pumped with air flow through the air supply channel into the pneumatic separation zone, where peeled grains are captured and brought out.

The closest in technical solution and the achieved result to the proposed invention is a pneumatic separating device for a grain cleaning machine, including pneumatic separating channels for primary and secondary cleaning, sedimentary chambers, air supplying channels for primary and secondary cleaning, a diametrical fan with a suction window connected to the secondary sedimentation chamber and to the sedimentary primary cleaning chamber through the bypass channels, and a discharge pipe connected to the air supply channels mi, an air purifier, loading devices located in the walls of the pneumatic separating channels, devices for removing grain and impurities [2] - a prototype.

The disadvantage of this device, as in the analogue, is the low quality of cleaning of the grain material in the air separation channel of the primary treatment. This is due to the unsatisfactory quality of the deposition of light impurities in the sedimentation chamber of the primary treatment, due to the location of the suction windows of the bypass channels directly in the zone of deposition of impurities. As a result of this, a significant amount of light impurities through the bypass channels enter the suction window of the fan, where the last dusty air stream through the air supply channel is pumped into the separation zone of the primary air purifying channel. Therefore, the refined grain is secondarily contaminated with these dusty impurities. As a result, the quality of cleaning the grain material is deteriorating.

The essence of the proposed development lies in the fact that the known pneumatic separation device of a grain cleaning machine, including pneumatic separation channels of primary and secondary treatment, sedimentary chambers, air supply channels of primary and secondary treatment, a diametrical fan with a suction window connected to the secondary sedimentation chamber and to the primary sedimentation chamber cleaning through the bypass channels, and the discharge pipe connected to the air supply channels, an air purifier, loading at posobleniya disposed in the walls pneumoseparating channels output device grain and impurities sedimentary primary treatment chamber in the upper part has the reflectance tambour plane, above which are arranged the suction passageways window formed in the rhombic cross sectional form and a long diagonal oriented in the vertical direction.

As a result of the analysis of literary sources, no identical execution of the proposed device was found. Moreover, distinctive features from the prototype, the signs give the claimed combination of new devices, manifested in a positive effect.

The use of a louvre reflective plane in the upper part of the sedimentary chamber ensures the use of inertia forces to efficiently deposit light dust-like impurities in it by separating them from the air flow moving to the suction windows of the bypass channels.

The location of the suction windows of the bypass channels in the upper part of the sedimentary chamber above the louvre reflective plane determines the air flow, purified from light dusty impurities, necessary for high-quality cleaning of the grain material through them to the diametrical fan. With such a connection of the sedimentary chamber of the primary cleaning system bypass channels with the suction window of the fan, the emission of dusty air to the outside in the zones of grain and impurity output is reduced.

The use of bypass channels made in the cross section of a rhombic shape and oriented with a long diagonal in the vertical direction determines the manufacturability of their manufacture, the least aerodynamic resistance when they are surrounded by an air stream moving from a diametrical fan through an air supply channel into the secondary cleaning system.

As a result, during the operation of the proposed device, a positive effect is achieved that significantly increases the effect of the prototype. A new set of features of the claimed device, providing a positive effect, has significant differences.

The drawing shows the proposed pneumatic separation device of a grain cleaning machine.

The air separation device of the grain cleaning machine consists of air separation systems for primary and secondary cleaning and a diametrical fan 1. The primary cleaning system includes an air supply channel 2 with a damper 3 for adjusting the air speed, an air separation channel 4 with a loading device 5 and a grain output mechanism 6, a sedimentation chamber 7 with a mechanism 8 output impurities. The secondary cleaning system includes an air supply channel 9, a pneumatic separation channel 10 with a loading device 11, a purified grain output mechanism 12 and a shutter 13 for controlling air velocity, a sedimentation chamber 14 with a mechanism 15 for the output of broken, punctured grains and impurities. The air inlet channel 9 has a window 16, and an air purifier 17 is installed between the air inlet 10 and the air separation 9 channels. The device is equipped with bypass channels 18, which are connected at one end to the sedimentation chamber 7 of the primary cleaning system, and the other to the suction window of the diametrical fan 1. Bypass channels 18 made in a cross section of a rhombic shape and oriented with a long diagonal in the vertical direction. The suction windows 19 of the bypass channels 18 are located in the upper part of the primary sedimentation chamber 7, under which there is a louvered reflective plane 20. The suction window of the fan 1 is connected to the sedimentary chamber 14 of the secondary cleaning system, and the discharge pipe to the air supply channels 2 and 9. Pneumatic separation device the grain cleaning machine can be equipped with sieves and tee cylinders.

Pneumatic separating device of a grain cleaning machine operates as follows.

The grain material to be cleaned is loaded with the loading device 5 into the pneumatic separation channel 4 of the primary cleaning system, in which light impurities are separated and carried away by the air flow created by the fan 1 into the sedimentation chamber 7, where they are deposited and removed by the mechanism 8 outside the machine. Purified from light impurities, the air from the sedimentation chamber 7 is fed through the bypass channels 18 into the suction window of the fan 1.

From the pneumatic separation channel 4, the grain, purified from light impurities, is fed by a mechanism 6 to a sieve mill (not shown), after processing on which the grain mixture is loaded with a loading device 11 into the pneumatic separation channel 10 of the secondary cleaning system. In the channel 10, beaten and punctured grains are taken out of the grain mixture by air flow, which enter the sedimentation chamber 14, are deposited in it and removed from it outside the machine by the mechanism 15. The cleaned grain is discharged outward by the mechanism 12, and the air purified from impurities from the sedimentary chamber 14 enters the fan 1 and through the air supply channel 9 is again supplied to the pneumatic separation channel 10. A portion of the dusty air through the window 16 is supplied to the air cleaner 17, is cleaned therein, and the cleaned air is discharged into the atmosphere. The optimal air flow rate in the pneumatic separating channels 4 and 10 is set by turning the adjustment flaps 3 and 13.

The advantage of the invention in comparison with the prototype is to improve the quality of cleaning grain material and improve sanitary and hygienic working conditions.

Literature

1. A.S. 1488030 USSR, MKI ⁴ B07B 4/02. Pneumo-separating device of a grain cleaning machine. / Yu.P. Polunin, N.I. Grabelkovsky, N.N. Gehtman, V.I. Efremov, A.I. Shamshev, B.I. Vorotnikov, N.P. Sychugov, A.I. Burkov, N .V. Zholobov. - No. 4258370 / 29-03; Claimed 08.06.87 // Discoveries. Inventions - 1989. - No. 23.

2. A.S. 1799640 USSR, MKI ⁵ B07B 4/02. Pneumo-separating device of a grain cleaning machine. / N.N. Gehtman, A.S. Borshch, V.G. Kobzev, A.I. Burkov, N.P. Sychugov, N.V. Zholobov. - No. 4913461/03; Stated 02/20/91 // Discovery. Inventions - 1993. - No. 9. - prototype.

Claims (1)

A pneumatic separating device for a grain cleaning machine, including pneumatic separating channels for primary and secondary treatment, sedimentary chambers, air supplying channels for primary and secondary cleaning, a diametrical fan with a suction window connected to a secondary sedimentation chamber and with a primary sedimentation chamber through bypass channels, and a discharge pipe connected with air supply channels, air cleaner, loading devices located in the walls of the air separation channels, p isposobleniya for outputting grain and impurities, characterized in that the sedimentary primary treatment chamber in the upper part has the reflectance tambour plane, above which are arranged the suction passageways window formed in the rhombic cross sectional form and a long diagonal oriented in the vertical direction.

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