RU2096947C1 - Berry brush field growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, laying of berry plantations. SUBSTANCE: method involves providing elongate cuttings of maternal plants; planting cuttings in rows at lands of constant growing of plants, with each cutting being bent prior to planting so that joined coil is formed in mid portion of cutting; placing strip of prolonged-action fertilizer mixture in lower part of coil; placing ends of each cutting onto soil surface; separating end part of cuttings by installing spacer between cutting coil and related cutting end, with spacer being made from prolonged-action fertilizer mixture. Planting is effectuated by deepening joint coil of cutting and end parts positioned at both sides of cutting so that upper part of coiled cutting and at least one bud are above soil surface and other bud is at the level of first mentioned bud. EFFECT: simplified method and increased yield. 5 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to bookmark highly productive plantations of berry crops.

There is a method of propagation of berry shrubs, in which shoots 60 to 80 cm long are used as planting material, and planted in furrows in a horizontal position to a depth of 3 cm, followed by backfilling with a substrate [1]
Before planting on the shoots under each bud, an incision is made of the bark and wood to a depth of 2 3 mm. However, this method requires compulsory digging in the fall and separation of shoots into seedlings according to rooted areas.

 This known method does not allow the formation of bushes of berry plants in place of their constant growth. There is also known a method of growing shrub berry, according to which the cuttings are planted at the place of their constant growth [2] Before planting, the cuttings are fastened in pairs in the lower part and the upper ends are bred when planting.

 The disadvantage of this known method is the possible separation of the buds buried in the soil from the cuttings when breeding the upper parts of the cuttings planted in the soil, and since the number of buds on short cuttings is not so great, their loss can reduce the survival of the cuttings.

Closest to the invention is a method of planting plantings of horticultural crops, according to which cuttings, for example, black currants, length 35 45 cm and a base diameter of 5 10 mm were planted obliquely in a hole in place of their constant growth [3]
The disadvantage of this well-known and undoubtedly progressive method is the inability to control the mineral nutrition of the future plant without the direct participation of a person in the formation and formation of roots.

 The objective of the invention is the provision of constant mineral nutrition of the cuttings planted in the soil and the creation of more favorable conditions for plant growth.

 The problem is solved in that each stalk is folded before planting to form a closed loop in the middle of it, in the lower part of which a bent strip of a long-acting fertilizer mixture is placed with a gap, and the ends of the said stalk are brought to the surface of the soil when planting, each end parts are bred from each other by installing between the said turn and the corresponding end part of the handle of the spreader, also made from a fertilizer mixture of prolonged action.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that the gap between the handle and the strip of the long-acting fertilizer mixture bent into the pipe is filled with a substrate before planting in the soil.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that the bent stalk together with a pipe made of a long-acting fertilizer mixture and spacers is buried in the soil at an acute angle to the soil surface.

 In addition, the problem is solved by the fact that the planting is carried out by deepening the handle bent into a closed coil and the end parts of the handle located on both sides of it so that the upper part of the handle bent into the coil and at least one kidney of the handle are above the soil surface, and the other is at the level of the latter.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that after rooting, a part of the cuttings bent into a closed loop located above the soil surface is cut.

 A comparative analysis of the present invention with the prototype shows that the proposed method differs from the known one in that each stalk is bent before planting to form a closed loop in the middle of it, in the lower part of which a strip of a long-acting fertilizer mixture is placed with a gap and the ends of the mentioned stalk when planting, they are brought to the surface of the soil, while each of the end parts of the cuttings is bred from each other by installing between the turn and the corresponding end part of the cuttings a spacer made also of a long-acting fertilizer mixture. Thus, the proposed method meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty" and has an inventive step.

 The formation in the middle part of the elongated cuttings of a closed turn allows increasing the likelihood of the rooting of the cuttings at the place of constant growth, and the strip and struts bent into the pipe and spacers placed in the soil together with the cuttings made of a fertilizer mixture of long-term action will provide more favorable conditions for the development of the future plant from the very beginning root system.

 The proposed method for growing shrub berry berries is very technological, since harvesting elongated cuttings, bending them and laying them in the soil can easily be mechanized using existing technical means.

 In FIG. 1 shows a bent stalk planted in the soil; in FIG. 2 - rooted handle with a cut upper part; in FIG. 3 schematically strut (one of the possible options); in FIG. 4, section AA in FIG. 3.

 The method is as follows.

 Leaves and branches are removed from the lignified elongated cuttings harvested in autumn. Cuttings are placed in plastic bags and covered with moist sawdust. Cuttings are stored until planting, they can be stored in a cool place for no more than 30 days. It is best to harvest and plant cuttings in early autumn (in the 2nd and 3rd decades of September) during the period that provides the beginning of root formation in the cuttings, since the soil temperature is much higher than during spring planting.

 The soil at the landing site of the cuttings should be loose and moist, abundantly seasoned with organic and mineral fertilizers. So for planting cuttings of currant, they dig trenches or holes 50 cm deep and fill them with a mixture of soil with fertilizers. Fertilizers are applied per 1 pit: humus 5 7 kg, granular superphosphate 0.5 1 kg, potassium sulfate 20 30 g.

 The shank 1 before landing is bent on a mandrel (not shown) so that in its middle part a closed loop is formed, in the lower part of which a strip of a long-acting fertilizer mixture is bent into the pipe 2. The end parts of the handle are bred from each other by installing a spacer 3 between the turn and each corresponding end part of the handle, also made of a fertilizer mixture of prolonged action. The gap between the handle and the strip of the long-acting fertilizer mixture bent into the pipe is filled with substrate 4 before planting in the soil. A layer of the tread 5 saturated with the growth substance is applied at the ends of the strut, in the places of the supposed contact of the strut with the handle.

Then, at the place of constant growth, using, for example, shovels, make a wide slit inclined at an angle of 45 ^o to the soil surface, into which a bent stalk is laid together with a pipe from a strip made of a long-acting fertilizer mixture and spacers, while watching so that the lower part of the closed turn from the handle is immersed in the soil together with a strip of a long-acting fertilizer mixture bent into the pipe, as well as spacers made also of a long-acting fertilizer mixture, and the ends of the aforementioned the cuttings were brought out above the surface of the soil, and the upper part of the turn (at least one bud of the cuttings) was above the surface of the soil, and the other at the level of the latter. Then the gap with the cuttings laid in it is closed either by simple pressing of the soil layer, or it is covered with a dry prepared substrate with mineral additives and growth substances so that there are no voids. After that, the planted cuttings are watered and sprinkled with organic material.

 In one and a half to two weeks after planting, cuttings 6 appear in the cuttings, which receive all the necessary nutrients both from the soil and from partially dissolving the strip bent into the pipe from a long-acting fertilizer mixture and struts, also made from a long-acting fertilizer mixture. In the spring, their growth continues and already in the first decade of May the plant has a large number of branched roots. The cuttings take root well and at this time the upper part of the turn of the cuttings, located above the surface of the soil, is cut and the place of cut is treated with garden varieties. From an acute angle bent to the surface of the bent stalk, 4 5 shoots move to a vertical growth 7. Over the summer, the stalk is completely rooted, and the shoots branch out.

 Thus, already in the first year, a full-fledged bush is formed on the site of constant growth from a bent stalk. Since the long length of the bent stalk with a much larger number of buds than in traditional technology was in the soil, the plant developed a large number of roots, which contributed to the emergence of new shoots from the buds on the deepened part of the stalk, which allowed to form a more productive bush (see table) .

 A shank bent in the form of a closed coil, most of which is in the soil, is less prone to sticking out in the winter-spring period, and is constantly fed with mineral substances coming from a strip bent into the pipe from a long-acting fertilizer mixture and struts made also from a long-acting fertilizer mixture action, promotes better development of roots, the total length of which is 2.6 times the length of the control.

 The soil around the handle is additionally enriched with nutrients coming from a strip bent into the pipe and struts made from a fertilizer mixture of long-term action, which creates more favorable conditions for the development of the root system of the seedling.

 Thus, conditions are created for obtaining a more productive berry crop bush already in the first year of life without constant human intervention in the process of plant formation and development.

Sources
1. USSR author's certificate N 1690610, cl. 6 A 01 G 1/00, 1992.

 2. USSR author's certificate N 1782446, cl. A 01 G 1/00, 10/10/90.

 3. Kondrashov VT A new technology for laying plantations of sea buckthorn and other garden crops. Reports of the Russian Agricultural Academy. 1994, N 6, p. 13 15 (prototype).

Claims (5)

 1. A method of growing shrub berry berries, including harvesting elongated cuttings from uterine plants and their subsequent ordinary planting at the place of their constant growth, characterized in that each stalk is bent before planting to form a closed loop in the middle, in the lower part of which a bent into the pipe is a strip of a long-acting fertilizer mixture, and the ends of the aforementioned stem are brought to the surface of the soil when planting, while each of the end parts of the stem is bred from one another Fitting between the coil and the corresponding end portion of the cutting spacers made also of fertilizer mixture prolongovogo action.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap between the handle and the strip of the long-acting fertilizer mixture bent into the pipe is filled with a substrate before planting in the soil.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the bent stalk together with a strip of a long-acting fertilizer mixture bent into the pipe and spacers are buried in the soil at an acute angle to the soil surface.  4. The method according to PP. 1 to 3, characterized in that the planting is done by deepening the closed turn of the handle and the end parts of the handle located on both sides of it so that the upper part of the handle bent into the coil and at least one kidney of the handle is above the soil surface and the other is at the level of the last .  5. The method according to PP. 1 to 4, characterized in that after rooting the cuttings, the part of the ring located above the soil surface is cut.

Images