RU2060633C1 - English walnut seedling growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: seedling production. SUBSTANCE: method involves inoculating rootstock; shortening rootstock upon expiration of 9-11 days with 5-6 leaves being left; cutting rootstock on 19- 21th day at location 1.5-2 cm above inoculated bud; digging out and transplanting yearling seedlings to permanent location. EFFECT: increased efficiency and simplified method. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and forestry and can be used in the propagation of planting material of walnut.

 There is a known method of growing walnut seedlings, where they use pipe littering (I.R. Komanich "Biology, Culture, Walnut Breeding", Chisinau "STIINZA" 1980). This method of cultivation takes two years.

 One of the disadvantages of this method is the duration of growing seedlings in the nursery.

 The closest is a method of growing walnut seedlings according to orthodox technology.

 According to this method, walnut seedlings are obtained at school, which are used as rootstock. They are planted on the first field of the nursery according to the scheme of 50x20 cm.

 In the middle of June, budding with a 3x2 cm rectangular shield and strapping are performed. Then, 15-20 days after the callus is filled with gaps between the stock and the shield, the film is removed.

 After the survival of the flaps, a revision is done and in this state the seedlings remain until the spring of the second year of cultivation. In spring, they cut the stock. For the second year of cultivation, the scion reaches 1.5 2.0 m.

 In the autumn of the second year, seedlings are dug up and transplanted into the garden. By this time, they have a large aerial part and a powerful root system (TE Strela "New biotechnology for grafting walnuts", Kiev "Naukova Dumka", 1987).

 The disadvantages of this method are: low survival rate of the kidneys; large (2 years) duration of growing seedlings; significant loss of the root system when digging seedlings from the nursery, leading to a significant violation of the correlation between the aboveground and underground parts of plants, resulting in reduced survival of seedlings and plant growth and development in the first years of life.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce the growing time of walnut seedlings to one year, the best survival of the kidneys when budding and seedlings when planting in a permanent place.

 The authors see the novelty of the method in that on the 9-11th day after budding, the stock is shortened to leave 5-6 leaves, and on the 19-21th day they cut it 1.5 to 2.0 cm higher than the grafted kidney.

 According to the scientific, technical and patent literature, the claimed combination of features has not been identified aimed at achieving the task, and this solution does not follow explicitly from the existing level of technology, which allows us to conclude that the solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 The method is as follows.

 Walnut seeds are sown in autumn to a depth of 8-9 cm according to the scheme: 20x70 (90 x 25) cm.

 During the winter, they undergo natural stratification. During the growing season produce fertilizing and irrigation.

 In mid-June, stock is being prepared for vaccination.

From the mother-profiled garden cuttings are cut and put in storage in a bucket of water layer of about 5 cm. Store in a room at a relative humidity of 90-95 and an air temperature of about 4 ^C up to 3 days. Shoots are cut with unformed vegetative lateral buds.

 Before budding, the lateral buds that appear on stocks are removed. Two weeks before vaccination, all lateral branches are removed, abundant watering of stocks is carried out per week, which activates sap flow and separability of the bark, and in the future contributes to better survival.

 Vaccination is carried out early in the morning with a rectangular shield with an unformed vegetative bud.

 The vaccination technique is generally accepted.

 After 9-11 days, the stock is shortened, leaving 5-6 leaves.

 After 15-20 days, an audit is made on the fusion of the scion shield and rootstock, and the survival of the kidneys and the strapping is removed.

 After 19-21 days, the rootstock is cut 1.5–2.0 cm higher than the grafted buds, which by this time have completed their formation and overwhelmingly started growing.

 The whole process of growing walnut seedlings takes one year, while the known methods of budding are two years.

 Shortening the stock on the 9-11th day with 5-6 leaves left ensured the highest (86.6%) bud survival and seedlings yield 68.0% in the first year from the remaining 17.3 in the second year (see table).

 The seedlings obtained per year of budding were smaller, and when they were dug up, they had significantly less root loss and, therefore, less disturbance in the correlation of the aboveground and underground parts, which ensured their better survival and rapid development in the first years of vegetation.

Claims (1)

 A method of growing walnut seedlings, including growing and budding the rootstock with a rectangular shield, cutting the rootstock, digging the seedlings out of the nursery and replanting it in the garden, characterized in that on the ninth and eleventh day after the budding, the rootstock is shortened with five leaves left, on the nineteenth twenty-first day they are cut the stock is 1.5 2 cm higher than the grafted bud, and the saplings are excavated from the nursery and transplanted into the garden at the end of the first vegetation.

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