CN102577901A - Method for planting walnut tree in winter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting a walnut tree in winter. The planting tree is within Nov 10 and Dec 1, and the planted walnut tree nursery stock is an annual high-quality seedling which is grafted in current year. The method comprises the following steps of: a, digging a planting hole at a fixed point; b, immersing the walnut tree with water, sterilizing and dipping the walnut tree with growth powder; c, planting; and d, carrying out winter protection by coating polyvinyl alcohol and earthing up. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the survival rate of planting the walnut tree seedlings in winter is improved.

Description

Autumn is planted the method for walnut

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivating method, refer in particular to the method that plants tree seedlings autumn.

Background technology

The period of planting of walnut, general employing was planted spring at present.It is after soil thaws, to plant before the nursery stock rudiment to spring that spring plants, and arid windy regional winter temperature is lower, and frozen soil layer is very dark; Take the spring to plant more; Generally after soil thaws, lose no time in sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil and in time plant, urgent, otherwise can be because of the work that becomes of slow seedling of soil moisture content harmful effect and trees.And plant tree seedlings autumn is that plant before freeze-up to soil in nursery stock fallen leaves back in the fall, and the autumn is planted trees the rudiment of spring next year early, and it is fast and healthy and strong grow, if there is dead tree to plant in timely benefit of spring in the coming year; Thereby complete whole homogeneous is caused, but stripping and the freeze injury of the nursery stock of planting after need preventing effectively autumn to plant, if the winter protection work is good; Then can avoid the time of planting in spring to concentrate, the few water of arid, problems such as seedling-slowing stage length; And can make treelet begin growth ahead of time, prolong vegetative period, increase amount of growth then.Wood generally is to bigger age and more sturdy trees but the autumn plants trees, and the fruit tree of planting all is to plant seedling, and the fruit tree of generally planting all is to carry out in spring, and the autumn plants fruit tree seedlings and is not easy into alive.Especially in the North China, what the autumn fruit tree seedlings to the second of planting can be revival from transplanting year spring all lacks.

Summary of the invention

The technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide the method that a kind of walnut seedling autumn plants, and it is applicable to the North China, is particularly suited for the North China Plain and knob.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention taked is:

Autumn is planted the method for walnut, the time of planting be November 10 between December 1, the walnut nursery stock of being planted is the annual high-quality seedling of grafting then, may further comprise the steps:

A, fixed point are dug kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length and width, dark each 0.3 meter, in kind of plant hole, put into 2 kilograms of fertilizers then, with the subsoil mixing, at the bottom of kind of plant hole, pile the mound shape;

B, walnut nursery stock are handled; At first root relief is flat with the pruning of walnut nursery stock main root bottom, removes broken parts; Then the walnut nursery stock after the root relief was immersed clear bubbly water more than 12 hours; The walnut nursery stock is pulled out from clear water in the back immersion thimerosal again and sterilized 1 minute, the walnut seedling root after will sterilizing is at last put into root-inducing powder and was soaked 2 to 20 minutes, makes the walnut seedling root dip in full root-inducing powder;

C, the walnut nursery stock is put into kind of a plant hole, the root system of walnut nursery stock is evenly distributed in the soil, in kind of plant hole, pour 15 kilograms of clear water then into, treat that water is seeped into a half and in water, outwards bankets from root system;

D, then full tree is evenly smeared the polyvinyl alcohol winter protection, around the walnut nursery stock, plant heap ridging heap above the plant hole, the height of mound is greater than 30 centimetres and bury the grafting mouth, and circle diameter is 50 centimetres.

Owing to adopted technique scheme, the technological progress that the present invention obtained is:

Autumn is carried out freeze prevention measure when planting, and the soil of Root Distribution layer does not freeze, and moisture is supported foot; But root system is the resting stage continued growth on the ground, fully combines with soil, has avoided the time of planting in spring to concentrate; The few water of arid, the overground part growth is quickened, the situation that underground root system water supply capacity is not enough.Walnut seedling with the said method autumn plants is being survived the winter season, though the treelet acrial part can not grown, the root system of walnut seedling can slowly be grown in soil, and sapling can begin growth after the spring, no seedling-slowing stage, and rudiment early avoids chafer to endanger; If dead seedling is arranged, can also in time fill the gaps with seedlings, do not influence the regularity of full garden sapling; Spring next year, treelet was movable ahead of time, had prolonged campaign, increased amount of growth then, quickened tree body shaping speed; Plant on the seedling trunk in the autumn and to smear polyvinyl alcohol, play the effect of winter protection, improved the survival rate that the autumn plants walnut seedling greatly.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is explained further details:

After early November, carry out walnut seedling and plant, the mound heap in the treelet bottom then, polyvinyl alcohol is evenly all smeared with winter protection in top, this time temperature low, ground temperature is high; And the soil variation is slow, and moisture is supported foot, adds the protection of winter protection; The root system development of seedling relatively good, the coming year 3, April, sapling germinates early; Growth is fast, when spring comes, can in time fill the gaps with seedlings when dead seedling is arranged.

Time of planting of planting walnut in autumn for annual November 10 between December 1, the walnut nursery stock of being planted is selected the annual high-quality seedling of grafting then, plants may further comprise the steps:

A, fixed point are dug kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length and width, dark each about 0.3 meter, plant according to each to add 2 kilograms of fertilizer consumptions in plant hole, behind fertilizer and the abundant mixing of subsoil, put into the soil that kind of plant hole also will be mixed with fertilizer and at the bottom of kind of plant hole, pile the mound shape;

B, walnut nursery stock handle: root relief at first, root relief are walnut nursery stock main root bottom to be pruned flat, remove broken parts; Immersion then; Walnut nursery stock after the root relief immersed soak in the clear water more than 12 hours, sterilization is then pulled the walnut nursery stock out back and is immersed in the thimerosal and soaked 1 minute from clear water; Dip in root-inducing powder at last, the walnut seedling root after the sterilization is put into root-inducing powder soaked 2 to 20 minutes;

C, plant, the walnut nursery stock is put into kind of a plant hole, the root system of walnut nursery stock is evenly distributed in the soil, in kind of plant hole, pour 15 kilograms of clear water then into, treat that water is seeped into a half and in water, outwards bankets from root system, bury root system and get final product;

D, winter protection are evenly smeared the polyvinyl alcohol winter protection to full tree then, around the walnut nursery stock, plant heap ridging heap above the plant hole, and the height of mound should be higher than at least 30 centimetres of bottom surfaces, and buries the grafting mouth of nursery stock, and the circle diameter of mound is 50 centimetres.More once the spring plants and plants with the autumn and the autumn is planted the influence that has or not winter protection to handle below.

1, to the influence of walnut seedling survival rate

Annotate: the letter on the digital right side in each table of Ben Biao and back is the L.S.R analysis result, and lowercase is 5% level, and capitalization is 1% level.

Autumn plants and is not coated with dried winter protection, and survival rate is low, and less than 60% can not satisfy the production needs.And the autumn plants and is coated with that the polyvinyl alcohol winter protection handles, and plants survival rate with the spring and does not have significant difference.

2, to the influence of walnut rudiment process

Annotate: bud does not sprout 0, bud expands 1, perula has just been come unsewn 2, reveal bud 3, exhibition 1 leaf 4, exhibition two leaves 5; 5 buds in every strain investigation top are taken the mean.

Autumn plants treelet rudiment process and significantly or extremely significantly plants treelet early than the spring, and the beginning sprouting period is early more than 10 days; Autumn plants and is coated with polyvinyl alcohol processing treelet rudiment process significantly early than not being coated with dry treatment.

3, the walnut treelet is drained the influence of distance

Annotate: the autumn plant be not coated with the dry treatment treelet to drain length long, have a strong impact on the normal shaping of treelet, extremely significantly be longer than the autumn and plant and be coated with polyvinyl alcohol and the spring is planted processing; Spring plants and plants treelet with the autumn that polyvinyl alcohol is coated with dry treatment, and it is short to drain distance, and the autumn plants to be coated with and drains distance after doing and slightly be longer than the spring and plant, but does not have significant difference between the two.

4, to walnut shoot growth dynamic effects

Annotate: the autumn plant processing the treelet young sprout all the utmost point be significantly higher than the spring and plant processing; It is slow that spring is planted the treelet shoot growth, and main cause possibly be that root system does not recover as yet, and the scarce capacity of moisture and mineral nutrition is provided for shoot growth.

5, walnut treelet branch length is influenced

Annotate: the autumn shoot growth amount utmost point of planting the walnut treelet is significantly higher than the spring and plants; Autumn plants and is coated with dry treatment and autumn and plants not to be coated with and do not have marked difference between the dry treatment, still, the autumn plant be not coated with dry treatment to send out the branch position lower, most branches are difficult for keeping.

This shows in the middle and south, Taihang Mountain, Hebei province to reach with similar area that it is best to be coated with the pattern of planting of doing winter protection with polyvinyl alcohol after the walnut treelet was planted with the autumn, not only survival rate is high, and the rudiment in spring early, and shoot growth is fast, drains apart from weak point, and the shoot growth amount is big.Autumn is planted not winter protection, and the walnut survival rate is low, and it is low to send out the branch position, should not promote.Do not have condition to be coated with the place of doing winter protection, or plant better in the spring.

Claims (1)

1. the autumn is planted the method for walnut, the time of planting be November 10 between December 1, the walnut nursery stock of being planted is the annual high-quality seedling of grafting then, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

A, fixed point are dug kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole length and width, dark each 0.3 meter, in kind of plant hole, put into 2 kilograms of fertilizers then, with the subsoil mixing, at the bottom of kind of plant hole, pile the mound shape;

B, walnut nursery stock are handled; Root relief at first; The pruning of walnut nursery stock main root bottom is flat, remove broken parts, then the walnut nursery stock after the root relief is immersed in the clear water and soaked more than 12 hours; The walnut nursery stock is pulled out from clear water in the back immersion thimerosal again and sterilized 1 minute, the walnut seedling root after will sterilizing is at last put into root-inducing powder and was soaked 2 to 20 minutes;

C, the walnut nursery stock is put into kind of a plant hole, the root system of walnut nursery stock is evenly distributed in the soil, in kind of plant hole, pour 15 kilograms of clear water then into, treat that water is seeped into a half and in water, outwards bankets from root system, bury root system;

D, then full tree is evenly smeared the polyvinyl alcohol winter protection, around the walnut nursery stock, plant heap ridging heap above the plant hole, the height of mound is greater than 30 centimetres and bury the grafting mouth, and circle diameter is 50 centimetres.