RU2018132205A - Композитная конструкция и способ ее получения - Google Patents

Композитная конструкция и способ ее получения Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2018132205A
RU2018132205A RU2018132205A RU2018132205A RU2018132205A RU 2018132205 A RU2018132205 A RU 2018132205A RU 2018132205 A RU2018132205 A RU 2018132205A RU 2018132205 A RU2018132205 A RU 2018132205A RU 2018132205 A RU2018132205 A RU 2018132205A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
structural element
composite part
radius filler
inner fillet
composite
Prior art date
Application number
RU2018132205A
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English (en)
Inventor
Стэнли В. СТАВСКИ
Original Assignee
Зе Боинг Компани
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Publication of RU2018132205A publication Critical patent/RU2018132205A/ru

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/544—Details of vacuum bags, e.g. materials or shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5014—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being fibre-reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001—Joining in special atmospheres
    • B29C66/0012—Joining in special atmospheres characterised by the type of environment
    • B29C66/0014—Gaseous environments
    • B29C66/00145—Vacuum, e.g. partial vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B29C66/494—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining using an inflatable core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/634—Internally supporting the article during joining using an inflatable core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81455—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps being a fluid inflatable bag or bladder, a diaphragm or a vacuum bag for applying isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/446—Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B32B37/1009—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using vacuum and fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
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  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Claims (81)

1. Способ получения композитной детали, включающий:
соединение первого структурного элемента (310A) и второго элемента (310В) с образованием внутреннего округления (330А) на пересечении первого структурного элемента и второго элемента, причем внутреннее скругление содержит полое отверстие;
помещение в область внутреннего скругления надувного радиусного заполнителя (350);
помещение композитной детали в вакуумную камеру (300);
установление сообщения надувного радиусного заполнителя (350) с окружающей средой, находящейся за пределами вакуумной камеры (300);
откачка воздуха из вакуумной камеры (300), причем откачка воздуха из вакуумной камеры (300) вызывает расширение надувного радиусного заполнителя (350) во внутреннем округлении, и
отверждение композитной детали.
2. Способ по п. 1, в котором
надувной радиусный заполнитель (350) содержит трубку, выполненную из деформируемого материала.
3. Способ по п. 1 или 2, в котором
вакуумная камера (300) содержит второй вакуумный мешок, а надувной радиусный заполнитель (350) содержит первый вакуумный мешок.
4. Способ по п. 3, дополнительно включающий помещение по меньшей мере одного держателя (360) мешка в первый вакуумный мешок, причем держатель (360) мешка имеет форму, соответствующую по меньшей мере части внутреннего скругления (330А).
5. Способ по п. 4, в котором
форма поперечного сечения внутреннего скругления (330А) образует треугольник, а
держатель (360) мешка содержит структурный компонент, который соответствует по меньшей мере двум сторонам треугольника.
6. Способ по любому из пп. 1-5, дополнительно включающий обертывание усиливающего элемента (340) по меньшей мере вдоль части внутреннего скругления (330А).
7. Композитная деталь, содержащая:
первый структурный элемент (310A) и второй элемент (310В), выполненные из композитного материала; отличающаяся тем, что
первый структурный элемент (310A) и второй элемент (310В) соединены на пересечении с образованием на указанном пересечении внутреннего скругления (330А), причем внутреннее скругление (330А) содержит полое отверстие; и
надувной радиусный заполнитель (350), расположенный в области внутреннего скругления.
8. Композитная деталь по п. 7, в которой первый структурный элемент (310A) и второй элемент (310В) соединены с образованием по меньшей мере одной балки Т образного или I-образного профиля.
9. Композитная деталь по п. 7 или 8, в которой надувной радиусный заполнитель (350) содержит трубку, выполненную из деформируемого материала.
10. Композитная деталь по любому из пп. 7-9, в которой надувной радиусный заполнитель (350) содержит вакуумный мешок.
11. Композитная деталь по п. 10, дополнительно содержащая по меньшей мере один держатель (360) мешка, расположенный в вакуумном мешке, причем держатель (360) мешка имеет форму, соответствующую по меньшей мере части внутреннего скругления.
12. Композитная деталь по любому из пп. 7-11, дополнительно содержащая по меньшей мере один усиливающий элемент (340) вокруг первого структурного элемента (310А) и второго элемента (310В) вблизи внутреннего скругления.
13. Композитная деталь по п. 12, в которой указанный по меньшей мере один держатель (360) мешка обернут тканью, причем ткань содержит смолистый материал, такой что после отверждения ткань образует усиливающий элемент (340) по меньшей мере вдоль части внутреннего скругления.
14. Способ получения композитной детали, включающий:
соединение первого структурного элемента и второго структурного элемента с образованием внутреннего скругления на пересечении первого структурного элемента и второго структурного элемента;
помещение в область внутреннего скругления надувного радиусного заполнителя;
помещение первого структурного элемента, второго структурного элемента и надувного радиусного заполнителя в вакуумную камеру, причем вакуумная камера содержит первый вакуумный мешок, а надувной радиусный заполнитель содержит второй вакуумный мешок;
помещение держателя мешка во второй вакуумный мешок, причем держатель мешка имеет форму, соответствующую по меньшей мере части внутреннего скругления;
установление сообщения надувного радиусного заполнителя с окружающей средой, находящейся за пределами вакуумной камеры;
создание вакуума в вакуумной камере; и
отверждение первого структурного элемента и второго структурного элемента с получением композитной детали.
15. Способ по п. 14, в котором надувной радиусный заполнитель находится в непосредственном контакте с первым структурным элементом при расположении надувного радиусного заполнителя в области внутреннего скругления.
16. Способ по п. 14, в котором надувной радиусный заполнитель находится в непосредственном контакте со вторым структурным элементом при расположении надувного радиусного заполнителя в области внутреннего скругления.
17. Способ по п. 14, в котором форма поперечного сечения внутреннего скругления образует треугольник, а держатель мешка содержит структурный компонент, который соответствует по меньшей мере двум сторонам треугольника.
18. Способ по п. 14, в котором держатель мешка содержит ткань, причем ткань содержит смолистый материал, такой что после отверждения ткань образует усиливающий элемент вдоль второй части внутреннего скругления.
19. Способ по п. 14, в котором создание вакуума в вакуумной камере вызывает расширение надувного радиусного заполнителя во внутреннем скруглении.
20. Способ по п. 14, в котором отверждение композитной детали включает нагревание композитной детали.
21. Способ по п. 14, дополнительно включающий удаление надувного радиусного заполнителя из внутреннего скругления после отверждения первого структурного элемента и второго структурного элемента.
22. Способ по п. 14, в котором композитная деталь содержит балку Т-образного профиля.
23. Способ по п. 14, дополнительно включающий соединение первого структурного элемента с третьим структурным элементом с образованием второго внутреннего скругления на втором пересечении первого структурного элемента и третьего структурного элемента.
24. Способ по п. 23, в котором композитная деталь содержит третий структурный элемент.
25. Способ по п. 24, в котором композитная деталь содержит балку I-образного профиля.
26. Способ по п. 24, дополнительно включающий:
помещение в область второго внутреннего скругления второго надувного радиусного заполнителя;
помещение второго надувного радиусного заполнителя и третьего структурного элемента в вакуумную камеру во время нахождения первого структурного элемента в вакуумной камере;
установление сообщения второго надувного радиусного заполнителя с окружающей средой, находящейся за пределами вакуумной камеры;
отверждение третьего структурного элемента одновременно с отверждением первого структурного элемента.
27. Способ по п. 14, в котором первый структурный элемент содержит первый структурный компонент и второй структурный компонент, причем внутреннее скругление образовано первым структурным компонентом, вторым структурным компонентом и вторым структурным элементом.
28. Способ по п. 14, дополнительно включающий обертывание усиливающей решетки вокруг первого структурного элемента.
29. Способ по п. 28, в котором усиливающая решетка и первый структурный элемент содержат композитный материал.
30. Способ по п. 28, в котором усиливающая решетка имеет первый модуль упругости, а первый структурный элемент имеет второй модуль упругости, причем первый модуль упругости и второй модуль упругости приблизительно одинаковые.
31. Способ по п. 28, в котором усиливающая решетка обернута вокруг первого структурного элемента по меньшей мере два раза.
32. Способ по п. 14, дополнительно включающий образование детали для воздушного судна, причем деталь содержит композитную деталь.
33. Способ по п. 14, в котором держатель мешка содержит металлическую угловую скобку, соответствующую форме внутреннего скругления.
34. Композитная деталь, содержащая:
первый структурный элемент;
второй структурный элемент, соединенный на пересечении с первым структурным элементом с образованием внутреннего скругления; и
усиливающую решетку, обернутую вокруг первого структурного элемента вблизи внутреннего скругления.
35. Композитная деталь по п. 34, в которой первый структурный элемент и второй структурный элемент образуют балку I-образного профиля.
36. Композитная деталь по п. 34, в которой первый структурный элемент и второй структурный элемент отверждены во время размещения надувного радиусного заполнителя на пересечении с образованием внутреннего скругления.
37. Композитная деталь по п. 36, в которой надувной радиусный заполнитель содержит трубку, выполненную из деформируемого материала.
38. Композитная деталь по п. 36, в которой надувной радиусный заполнитель содержит вакуумный мешок.
39. Композитная деталь по п. 38, дополнительно содержащая держатель мешка, расположенный в вакуумном мешке, причем держатель мешка имеет форму, соответствующую по меньшей мере части внутреннего скругления.
40. Композитная деталь по п. 39, дополнительно содержащая усиливающий элемент вдоль второй части внутреннего скругления, причем держатель мешка обернут тканью, причем ткань содержит смолистый материал, такой, что после отверждения ткань образует усиливающий элемент.
41. Композитная деталь по п. 34, в которой первый структурный элемент содержит композитный материал.
42. Композитная деталь по п. 41, в которой второй структурный элемент содержит композитный материал.
43. Композитная деталь по п. 34, в которой первый структурный элемент и второй структурный элемент образуют балку Т-образного профиля.
44. Композитная деталь, содержащая: первый структурный элемент;
второй структурный элемент, соединенный на пересечении с первым структурным элементом с образованием заполненного воздухом внутреннего скругления на пересечении; и
усиливающую решетку, обернутую вокруг первого структурного элемента вблизи заполненного воздухом внутреннего скругления.
45. Композитная деталь по п. 44, в которой форма поперечного сечения заполненного воздухом внутреннего скругления образует треугольник.
46. Композитная деталь по п. 44, дополнительно содержащая усиливающий элемент, расположенный в области заполненного воздухом внутреннего скругления.
47. Композитная деталь по п. 44, в которой первый структурный элемент и второй структурный элемент образуют балку I-образного профиля.
48. Композитная деталь по п. 44, в которой первый структурный элемент содержит композитный материал.
49. Композитная деталь по п. 48, в которой второй структурный элемент содержит композитный материал.
50. Композитная деталь по п. 44, в которой первый структурный элемент и второй структурный элемент образуют балку Т-образного профиля.
51. Композитная деталь по п. 44, дополнительно содержащая третий структурный элемент.
52. Композитная деталь по п. 44, в которой первый структурный элемент содержит первый структурный компонент и второй структурный компонент, причем заполненное воздухом внутреннее округление образовано на пересечении первого структурного компонента, второго структурного компонента и второго структурного элемента.
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