RU2013115444A - Способ изготовления катализатора - Google Patents

Способ изготовления катализатора Download PDF

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RU2013115444A
RU2013115444A RU2013115444/04A RU2013115444A RU2013115444A RU 2013115444 A RU2013115444 A RU 2013115444A RU 2013115444/04 A RU2013115444/04 A RU 2013115444/04A RU 2013115444 A RU2013115444 A RU 2013115444A RU 2013115444 A RU2013115444 A RU 2013115444A
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powder
metal
catalyst
molded block
layer
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RU2013115444/04A
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English (en)
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RU2598381C2 (ru
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Дункан Рой КУПЛАНД
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Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
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    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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Abstract

1. Способ получения катализатора на основе частиц с размером поперечного сечения 1-50 нм и отношением размеров 0,5-5 с использованием слоя добавки, причем способ включает в себя:(i) формование слоя порошкового катализатора или материала-носителя катализатора,(ii) связывание или расплавление порошка в упомянутом слое согласно заданному шаблону,(iii) повторение пунктов (i) и (ii) слой за слоем с образованием формованного блока, и(iv) необязательно, нанесение каталитического материала на упомянутый формованный блок.2. Способ по п.1, в котором порошковый материал представляет собой порошковый катализатор.3. Способ по п.2, в котором порошковый катализатор содержит один или более металлов или соединений металлов, содержащих металлы, выбранные из группы, состоящей из Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Sn, Sb, La, Hf, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb и Ce.4. Способ по п.1, в котором порошковый материал представляет собой порошок носителя катализатора и способ включает в себя нанесение каталитического материала на упомянутый формованный блок.5. Способ по п.4, в котором порошок носителя катализатора содержит оксид алюминия, алюминат металла, диоксид кремния, алюмосиликат, диоксид титана, диоксид циркония, диоксид цинка или их смесь.6. Способ по п.4, в котором каталитический материал, нанесенный на формованный блок, содержит металл, соединение металла или цеолит.7. Способ по п.6, в котором металл, соединение металла или цеолит наносят на формованный блок из раствора или дисперсии металла, соединения металла или цеолита.8. Способ по п.7, в котором металл или соединение металла содержит один или более металлов, выбранных из группы, состоящей из Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Al, Si

Claims (20)

1. Способ получения катализатора на основе частиц с размером поперечного сечения 1-50 нм и отношением размеров 0,5-5 с использованием слоя добавки, причем способ включает в себя:
(i) формование слоя порошкового катализатора или материала-носителя катализатора,
(ii) связывание или расплавление порошка в упомянутом слое согласно заданному шаблону,
(iii) повторение пунктов (i) и (ii) слой за слоем с образованием формованного блока, и
(iv) необязательно, нанесение каталитического материала на упомянутый формованный блок.
2. Способ по п.1, в котором порошковый материал представляет собой порошковый катализатор.
3. Способ по п.2, в котором порошковый катализатор содержит один или более металлов или соединений металлов, содержащих металлы, выбранные из группы, состоящей из Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Sn, Sb, La, Hf, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb и Ce.
4. Способ по п.1, в котором порошковый материал представляет собой порошок носителя катализатора и способ включает в себя нанесение каталитического материала на упомянутый формованный блок.
5. Способ по п.4, в котором порошок носителя катализатора содержит оксид алюминия, алюминат металла, диоксид кремния, алюмосиликат, диоксид титана, диоксид циркония, диоксид цинка или их смесь.
6. Способ по п.4, в котором каталитический материал, нанесенный на формованный блок, содержит металл, соединение металла или цеолит.
7. Способ по п.6, в котором металл, соединение металла или цеолит наносят на формованный блок из раствора или дисперсии металла, соединения металла или цеолита.
8. Способ по п.7, в котором металл или соединение металла содержит один или более металлов, выбранных из группы, состоящей из Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Sn, Sb, La, Hf, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb и Ce.
9. Способ по п.1, в котором порошковый материал обладает средним размером частиц D50 в диапазоне 1-200 мкм.
10. Способ по п.1, в котором способ создания слоя добавки включает в себя технологию трехмерной печати, стереолитографическую технологию или технологию лазерного спекания.
11. Способ по п.1, в котором порошок в каждом слое связывается с помощью связующего вещества.
12. Способ по п.11, в котором прокаленную добавку включают в порошковый катализатор или связующее вещество для регулирования пористости получаемого в результате формованного блока.
13. Способ по п.1, в котором формованный блок подвергают стадии нагрева.
14. Способ по п.1, в котором формованный блок, содержащий одно или более восстанавливаемых соединений металлов, подвергается этапу восстановления.
15. Способ по п.1, в котором формованный блок представляет собой проволочную каркасную структуру или скелетную решетку, содержащую пустое пространство, внутри которого может присутствовать несколько внутренних упрочняющих стержней.
16. Способ по п.1, в котором формованный блок представляет собой твердотельный блок, содержащий сквозные отверстия.
17. Катализатор, полученный способом по п.1.
18. Способ, в котором используется катализатор по п.17, включающий в себя приведение смеси реагентов в контакт с формованным блоком катализатора при условиях, позволяющих осуществить катализированную реакцию или сорбцию.
19. Способ по п.18, включающий в себя проведение катализируемой реакции, выбранной из обработки водородом, включающей в себя гидродесульфуризацию, гидрирования, парового риформинга, включающего в себя предварительный риформинг, каталитический паровой риформинг, автотермический риформинг и вторичный риформинг, и способов риформинга, используемых для прямого восстановления железа, каталитического неполного окисления, конверсии водяного газа, включающей в себя реакции изотермической конверсии, конверсии в кислой среде, низкотемпературной конверсии, конверсии при умеренных температурах, среднетемпературной конверсии и высокотемпературной конверсии, метанирования, синтеза углеводородов путем реакции Фишера-Тропша, синтеза метанола, синтеза аммиака, окисления аммиака и разложения закиси азота, или реакций селективного окисления или восстановления выхлопных газов двигателя внутреннего сгорания или электростанции.
20. Способ по п.18, включающий в себя сорбцию, выбранную из извлечения соединений серы или тяжелых металлов, таких как ртуть и мышьяк, из загрязненных потоков газообразных или жидких текучих сред, или пылевидных частиц из выхлопных газов двигателей внутреннего сгорания или электростанций.
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