RU176522U1 - Device-simulator for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic by analysis of table elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model, "A simulator device for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic by analyzing table elements," relates to medicine, the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore intellectual activity in patients neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. The proposed device contains a plastic base (1) of rectangular shape with a thickness of 2-4 mm, along the perimeter of which are made plastic collars (2) with a height of 3-5 mm and a width of 5-10 mm, which form a cavity (3) of size on the base (1) of the device 210 × 297 mm, designed to accommodate printed sheets with working material; while to the upper part of the base (1) of the device by means of a swivel joint (4) a working plate made of transparent plastic (5) is movably fixed, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the cavity (3), and the thickness is 3-5 mm; on the front surface of the working plate (5), two square-shaped moldings (6) made of opaque light-colored plastic are rigidly fixed by means of adhesive bonding, each of which has nine through-slots (7) 38 × 38 mm in size, designed for placing standard paper stickers (12) of the appropriate size in them, for reliable fixing of which on the working plate (5) in the lower part of each slot-cell (7) a protrusion-latch (8) is made; while in the lower part of the front surface of the working plate (5), a strip (10) of a marker film with a matte surface is glued, and a handle (11) is rigidly fixed on the lower side of the working plate. The developed device allows you to quickly and easily generate a significant number of various tasks of varying degrees of complexity with the ability to easily self-test the correctness of the tasks in the course of restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic. The proposed device has a wide scope of practical application that goes beyond the neurological clinic, and can be in demand as a device that contributes to the formation, correction, training of intellectual activity in a wide range of adults and children.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions.

In domestic psychology, intellectual activity or thinking is considered as a specific but complex mental activity that has its own structure and functions (L.S. Tsvetkova, Neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients. Speech and intellectual activity, Moscow: Publishing House of the Moscow Pedagogical Institute, Voronezh: Modek, 2004 , p. 317).

The normal intellectual process can be disturbed with focal brain lesions caused by various neurological diseases, as a result of which the parietal-occipital or frontal parts of the cerebral cortex are affected.

The restoration of impaired intellectual activity is carried out by means of special methods depending on various conditions, such as the form of violation, the topic of brain damage, the severity of the defect, etc. (L.S. Tsvetkova, Neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients. Speech and intellectual activity, M .: Izd- in MPSI, Voronezh: Modek, 2004, p. 320).

Currently, various printing simulators are used to restore intellectual activity in patients at a neurological clinic.

One of the most effective simulators for the restoration and development of intellectual activity is a simulator based on an analysis of the pattern of arrangement of table elements, which contains printed sheets with tables, in the cells of which various elements are located in a certain pattern.

So, the “Trainer: attention, memory, thinking” is known, in which two tables of nine cells are located on the upper half of the printed sheet. In the left table in seven cells there are certain figures, and two cells are empty, and in the right table in six cells there are certain figures, and three cells are empty. The student needs to find the patterns of arrangement of figures in the cells of the tables and draw up the missing figures in empty cells (Gavrina S.E., Kutyavina N.L., Toporkova I.G., Scherbinina S.V. Trainer: attention, memory, thinking, Edition for developmental education, Moscow, ROSMEN, 2016, p. 30).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it for classes to restore intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the impossibility of patients checking the correctness of the tasks during independent studies, since the correct answers are not given in this simulator;

b) the excessive complexity of the tasks of this simulator for patients of a neurological clinic with severe intellectual disabilities, due to the fact that more than one image is missing in the table cells;

c) the presence on the printed pages of this simulator along with tasks to search for patterns of arrangement of figures, other tasks that can distract the patient during a class to restore intellectual activity.

Also known is a printing simulator “How to find a pattern?” Designed to develop the ability to identify patterns in the arrangement of images and geometric shapes (A.I. Savenkov, N.I. Savenkova, How to find a pattern? Developing notebook for preschool and primary school children. - M .: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2000. - 20 p.).

This simulator contains printed sheets, each of which has two tables of nine cells, eight of which contain images (objects, objects, symbols, geometric shapes) located in a certain regularity, and the ninth cell is empty.

Those involved with this simulator need to find a pattern in the arrangement of images in the cells of each table and based on this draw a missing image in an empty cell. To check the correctness of the assignment, the correct answers in the form of corresponding images are given at the end of the printing simulator.

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it for classes to restore intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the inconvenience of checking the correctness of the task, as the patient needs to find and open the desired page and compare the image drawn by him with the correct image;

b) when checking the completion of the task, the patient sees the solutions to all other tasks located on the printed sheet with the answers.

Along with the specific disadvantages of the above printing simulators designed to restore intellectual activity, they have a number of common disadvantages:

a) the possibility of only one-time use of the working material of these simulators, since after drawing the missing images on the paper sheet, a trace remains;

b) the amount of working material contained in the printing simulators is not enough to conduct long courses of restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic;

c) the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of tasks, since each table with images has a predetermined degree of complexity, determined by the number and location of empty cells;

d) low interest in classes with printing simulators in some patients of the neurological clinic due to the monotony of working with them.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned printing simulators, a “simulator device for training to restore intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic by analyzing table elements” was developed (hereinafter “simulator device”).

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) reuse of working material, providing the possibility of conducting long courses of rehabilitation education;

b) the formation of a variety of tasks for the restoration of intellectual activity of varying degrees of complexity;

c) providing quick and easy verification of the correctness of the assignment, providing the opportunity for independent study of patients;

d) increasing the interest of patients in the classes due to the fact that the work is carried out with a device that introduces an element of novelty into the process of training in comparison with the use of traditional printing simulators.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of printing simulators for the restoration and development of intellectual activity by analyzing the elements of the table, which is implemented due to the design features of the device, which allow for the quick and easy formation of a significant number of various tasks of varying degrees of complexity with the possibility of easy self-testing of the correctness of tasks recovery classes of intellectual activity five patients with neurological clinic.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a rectangular plastic base with a thickness of 2-4 mm, along the perimeter of which are made plastic collars 3-5 mm high and 5-10 mm wide, which form a cavity with a size of 210 × 297 mm on the base of the device designed to accommodate printed sheets of working material in it; while to the upper part of the base of the device by means of a swivel, a working plate made of transparent plastic is movably fixed, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the cavity, and the thickness is 3-5 mm; on the front surface of the working plate are rigidly fixed by adhesive bonding two made of opaque light-colored plastic forming square pads with sizes from 130 × 130 mm to 140 × 140 mm and a thickness of 2-3 mm, in each of which nine through-slots are made 38 × 38 mm in size, designed to accommodate standard paper stickers of the appropriate size in them, to securely fix them on the working plate in the lower part of each slot-cell there is a latch-clamp; at the same time, a strip of marker film with a matte surface is glued on the lower part of the front surface of the working plate, and the handle is rigidly fixed on the lower side of the working plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the protrusion-latch located in the lower part of each slot-cell has dimensions of 10-20 × 2-3 mm, and its thickness is 0.5-1 mm less than the thickness of the forming lining.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, for convenience of removing the sticker from the slot-cell of the forming patch, a cut is made in the region of the upper part of each slot-cell.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the sizes of the marker film strips glued to the surface of the working plate are determined in place.

The essence of the utility model "Device simulator for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic by the method of analysis of table elements" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of a “simulator device”;

In FIG. 2 - "simulator device" with a printed sheet with images installed in it;

In FIG. 3 - forming pad, which is mounted on the working plate of the "simulator device";

In FIG. 4, 5 - examples of printed sheets with working material installed in the “simulator device” (materials from the book “How to find a pattern? Developing notebook for preschool and primary school age children” were used).

The proposed "simulator device" (see Fig. 1 and 2) consists of a plastic base (1) of rectangular shape with a thickness of 2-4 mm, along the perimeter of which are made plastic collars (2) with a height of 3-5 mm and a width of 5-10 mm which form, on the basis of (1) the device, a cavity (3), the dimensions of which correspond to the size of a printed sheet of A4 format (210 × 297 mm), and its depth is equal to the height of the shoulders (2).

A work plate (5) made of transparent plastic is movably fixed to the upper part of the base (1) of the device by means of a swivel joint (4), the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the cavity (3), and the thickness is 3-5 mm.

On the front surface of the working plate (5), two square-shaped forming pads (6) made of opaque light-colored plastic (see Figs. 1-3) with sizes from 130 × 130 mm to 140 × 140 mm and a thickness of 2 -3 mm.

In each forming patch (6), nine through-slots (7) 38 × 38 mm in size are made, between which jumpers of the same size are located.

These slots (7) are designed to accommodate (by gluing) standard paper stickers (12) for notes, which are paper sheets 38 × 38 mm in size with a strip of adhesive layer on the inner surface of the upper part that can easily be attached to any smooth surfaces without leaving traces of adhesive after removing them.

As paper stickers (12), for example, CENTRUM Stickers having a size of 38 × 38 mm (Online Childsfid, Stickers, 38 × 38 mm, 36 sheets, CENTRUM, found July 10, 2017 on the Internet at http: //childsfid.nichost.ru/10452/1982201/stikery_38Ч38_mm_36_listov_5_neonovyh_cvetov_centrum.html?brand=928).

For reliable fixation of stickers (12) on the working plate (5), a protrusion-retainer (8) is made in the lower part of each slot-cell (7), measuring 10-20 × 2-3 mm, the thickness of which is 0.5 on the inside -1 mm less than the thickness of the forming pads (6). Due to this, a gap is formed between the lower surface of the locking protrusion (8) and the upper surface of the working plate (5), into which the lower edge of the sticker (12) is inserted, during its installation in the slot-cell (7).

Thus, the lower edge of the sticker (12) is pressed by the protrusion-retainer (8), and the upper edge is glued to the working plate (5) due to the presence of an adhesive layer. Due to this, the sticker (12) is securely fixed on the surface of the working plate (5), and its lower edge, which does not contain an adhesive layer, is protected from twisting.

For the convenience of removing the sticker (13) from the slot-cell (7), a cut-out (9) is made in the forming patch (6) in the region of the upper part of each slot-cell (7).

Stickers (12) located in the slots (7) on the surface of the working plate (5) perform the following functions:

a) covers certain images (14) of a printed sheet (13) located in the cavity (3) of the base (1) of the device;

b) serve as the material basis on which the patient performs the task of drawing the image (14) closed by the sticker (12).

Slots-cells (7) made in the forming pad (6), mounted on the working plate (5), perform the following functions:

a) allow to place stickers (12) in strictly defined places of the working plate (5) above the images (14) of the printed sheet (13);

b) protect the sticker (12) from damage and tearing, by restricting the movement of the pen or pencil, not allowing the patient to go beyond the surface of the sticker (12) when drawing an image, so when the pen or pencil touches the edges of the paper sticker (12) to be crushed or detached from the surface of the working plate (5).

On the front surface of the lower part of the working plate (5), under the forming overlays (6), a marker film strip (10) is glued, the main feature of which is that it has a matte surface and provides optimal conditions for performing graphic operations on it with a water marker with subsequent removal of the recording with a sponge or soft cloth.

As a marker film, for example, “IS127 white marker film” can be used, which has an adhesive layer and can easily be glued to any surface (IS127 marker film, WhiteBoard, found July 10, 2017 on the Internet at http: //www.inter- systems.ru/rear_projection_film/presentation).

The dimensions of the strip (10) of the marker film adhered to the working plate (5) are determined locally.

To ensure the lifting of the working plate (5) when removing and inserting printed sheets (13) into the device during classes with the device, a handle (11) is fixed on the lower side of the working plate.

To work with the device, printed sheets (13) of A4 format are used, the size of which corresponds to the size of the cavity (3) in the base (1) of the device.

Each printed sheet (13) with the working material contains two tables, in each of which nine elements are arranged in accordance with certain laws, representing images (14) of symbols, signs, objects or objects (see Fig. 2, 4, 5 ) The location of each image (14) corresponds to the location of one of the slots-cells (7) in the forming overlays (6). Each printed sheet (13) has its own serial number (not shown in the drawings).

The "Simulator device for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic by the method of analysis of table elements" works as follows:

Before starting classes, the specialist selects 10-20 printed sheets (13) for the patient with working material containing tables with images (14) arranged in accordance with certain patterns.

Next, the specialist lifts the working plate (5) by the handle (11) and installs printed sheets (13) with images (14) selected by it in the cavity (3) and lowers the working plate (5) into the cavity (3), fixing the printing sheets (13 ) in the device (see Fig. 2, 4, 5).

As a result of the superposition of the working plate (5) on the printed sheets (13), images (14) of the upper printed sheet (13) become visible in the slots-cells (7) of the forming plate (6).

The formation of tasks is carried out by a specialist by installing (gluing) stickers (12) in the slot-cells (7) on the working plate (5) (see Fig. 2).

To do this, the specialist inserts the lower edge of the sticker (12) into the groove between the protrusion-latch (8) and the working plate (5), and the upper edge of the sticker (12) containing the adhesive layer glues on the surface of the working plate (5) in the upper part of the slot -cells (7).

The degree of complexity of the generated tasks is determined by the following parameters:

a) the number of stickers (12) covering the images (14) of one of the tables of the printed sheet (13), (so, the simplest task is to use one sticker (12), the most difficult task is to use three stickers (13));

b) the type of images (14) on the printed sheets (13) (so if the images (14) on the printed sheet (13) are single characters, objects or objects (see Fig. 4), then this task is simple if each image includes several constituent parts, or represents a group of characters, objects or objects (see Fig. 5), then these tasks are more complex).

At the initial stages of rehabilitation classes with patients with severe intellectual disabilities, printed sheets (13) with simple images (14) are used, and only one of these images is closed with a sticker (12) (14). As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of intellectual activity, complication of tasks occurs.

After gluing one or more stickers (12) by a specialist, the patient is given the task to determine which images (14) should be in the slots (7), closed by stickers (12) and sketch the image data with a pen or pencil on the surface of the stickers (12) .

After completing the task for patients, stickers (12) with drawings are removed from the slots (7) and the correctness of the task is checked by comparing the images drawn by the patient on stickers (12) with images (14) of the printed sheet (13).

The used stickers (12) are pasted into the protocol of the restoration lesson, indicating the number of the printed sheet (13) and the location of these stickers (12).

Thanks to this, it becomes possible to keep track of the results of restoration of intellectual activity achieved by patients.

Next, the specialist lifts the working plate (5) by the handle (11), removes the spent printed sheet (13) with images (14) from the cavity (3) and installs new stickers (12) in the slots (7) that cover the images ( 14) on the next printed sheet (13) located in the cavity (3) of the device.

After that, the sequence of the above actions of the patient is repeated.

Along with the above-described method of training with the device, during which the patient draws images (14) on the surface of the stickers (12), classes with the device can be carried out in a slightly different way, namely, that the patient does not draw hidden images (14) on stickers but on the surface of the strip (10) of the marker film glued to the bottom of the working plate (5) by means of easily erasable markers. Due to this, stickers (12) can be used repeatedly.

The effectiveness of the proposed "Device simulator for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic by the method of analysis of table elements" is as follows:

1) the possibility of holding long-term courses on the restoration of intellectual activity through the use of printed sheets (13) with images (14) an unlimited number of times;

2) the possibility of using the device for preventive training of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic;

3) the possibility of conducting independent studies of patients who can carry out quick and easy verification of the correctness of the tasks;

4) the use of the device introduces an element of novelty into the process of studying with patients, turning rehabilitation training into a psychological training that is fascinating and interesting for the patient.

Along with the use of the device in a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

1) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have violations in the formation of intellectual activity;

2) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

3) as an exciting game that develops intellectual abilities;

Thus, the developed device allows you to quickly and easily generate a significant number of various tasks of varying degrees of complexity with the ability to easily self-test the correct execution of tasks during classes to restore intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic.

The proposed device has a wide scope of practical application that goes beyond the neurological clinic, and can be in demand as a device that contributes to the formation, correction, training of intellectual activity in a wide range of adults and children.

Claims (3)

1. The simulator device for classes on the restoration of intellectual activity in patients of a neurological clinic by the method of analysis of table elements, characterized in that it contains a rectangular plastic base with a thickness of 2-4 mm, along the perimeter of which are made plastic collars 3-5 mm high and 5- wide 10 mm, which form on the basis of the device a cavity with a size of 210 × 297 mm, designed to accommodate A4 printed sheets with working material in it; while to the upper part of the base of the device by means of a swivel, a working plate made of transparent plastic is movably fixed, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the cavity, and the thickness is 3-5 mm; on the front surface of the working plate are rigidly fixed by adhesive bonding two made of opaque light-colored plastic forming square pads with sizes from 130 × 130 mm to 140 × 140 mm and a thickness of 2-3 mm, in each of which nine through-slots are made 38 × 38 mm in size, designed to accommodate standard paper stickers of the appropriate size in them, to securely fix them on the working plate in the lower part of each slot-cell there is a latch-clamp; at the same time, a strip of marker film with a matte surface is glued on the lower part of the front surface of the working plate, and the handle is rigidly fixed on the lower side of the working plate; while printed sheets placed in the cavity of the base of the device contain tables with images arranged in accordance with certain patterns, and the location of each image corresponds to the location of one of the slots in the forming plates; and the lower edge of each paper sticker placed in the slot-cell on the working plate is installed in the groove between the locking tab and the working plate, and the upper edge of the sticker containing the adhesive layer is glued to the surface of the working plate. 2. The simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that the protrusion-latch located in the lower part of each slot-cell has dimensions of 10-20 × 2-3 mm, and its thickness is 0.5-1 mm less than the thickness of the forming lining . 3. The simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that for the convenience of removing the sticker from the slot-cell of the forming patch, a cut is made in the region of the upper part of each slot-cell.

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