RU134001U1 - DEVICE FOR CONTAINING HEAT-LOVING PERENNIAL CROPS - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops in the cold period of time, including a recess in the soil with a formed slope for planting, a boardwalk laid on the recess, a pipe segment made of polypropylene or polyethylene, or reinforced fiberglass, or composite ceramic materials with an inner diameter of 0.25 -0.35 m long 0.5-0.6 m, which is completely located in the soil in the middle of the recess, and a metal rod.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to the cultivation of perennial crops, and can be used to maintain thermophilic perennial crops in order to prevent damage to wood from the effects of low temperatures in the winter and damage to fruit buds in the early spring. A device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops can be effectively used in southern Russia and neighboring countries with similar climatic conditions.

Among garden crops in southern Russia, feijoa, dogwood, medlar, figs, and almonds are susceptible to damage by the low winter temperatures.

A known method of protecting the vine from frost, providing for the preparation of plants for overwintering using plant material - mature stalks of sunflower. Sunflower stalks are cut into pieces of the required length and put on short-cut sections of the vine. This method protects the vine from freezing, protects the eyes of the annual shoots from frost: the eyes are preserved by 36% more than without sheltering the grapes. [RF patent No. 2140732 A method for protecting the vine from frost Mamilov BB / Patent holder of NPO “Vinograd”. - Publ. 11/10/99.]. The disadvantages are as follows: the method is not suitable for protection from winter frosts of thermophilic perennial fruit crops, requires the preparation of essentially disposable covering material - ripened sunflower stems.

The closest is the method of planting and keeping insufficiently frost-resistant and heat-loving perennial crops into a depression in the soil, one of the walls of which is made obliquely with a slope at an angle of 45 °, a peg, planting is carried out on a slope perpendicular to its surface, providing for winter shelter with a boardwalk, to which with increasing frost add insulation (snow, tops, peat, reed mats, etc.), provide for the gradual expansion of the shelter as the culture grows [RF Patent No. 2060632 Method p precipitation and content of insufficiently frost-resistant and heat-loving perennial crops / Tsapko V.Z., Tsapko V.V. - application No. 5034008/15, Patent holder: Tsapko V.Z. - Declared. 03/25/1992, Publ. 05/27/1996. - Bull. No. 9].

The disadvantages of the method are as follows: for reliable protection against winter frosts, a rather deep landing pit is required, gradual warming of the covering shield (flooring) with improvised material, otherwise damage to the fruit culture is possible. The gradual warming and the need for equipment of a deep landing pit significantly increase material costs for the implementation of the method.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the development of a device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops at low operating costs.

The technical result when using the proposed device for the maintenance of thermophilic perennial crops is the reliable protection of thermophilic perennial crops from frost and spring frost.

The technical result is achieved by using a device for maintaining thermophilic perennial crops, including a recess in the soil with a slope formed for planting, a boardwalk laid on the recess, a pipe segment made of polypropylene or polyethylene, or reinforced fiberglass, or composite ceramic materials with an inner diameter 0.25-0.35 m 0.5-0.6 m long, which is completely located in the soil in the middle of the recess, and a metal rod.

The obtained positive result is explained by the fact that this device reliably protects the wood of heat-loving fruit crops from the effects of low temperatures of the winter period and damage to the fruit buds in the early spring due to the constant influx of warm air from the recessed pipe and the space of the landing pit closed by the shield. The air temperature in winter at a depth of about one meter in the southern regions of the Russian Federation is approximately the same, positive and reaches 10 ° C. Thus, inside the shelter, the temperature is set above the ambient air due to the receipt of warmer air from the pipe. The use of additional processing of plant wood with an aqueous emulsion of powdered chalk with a concentration of 3-6% and the presence of an influx of warm air from the pipe reduces the depth of the landing hole by 30-40% and does not gradually cover the shield with improvised material as frosts increase. In case of excess moisture in the summer, a buried pipe will work as an element of the drainage system.

The use of a device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops made it possible to preserve the fruit buds of figs by 85%, cornel, feijoa, medlar by 90% and to exclude freezing of wood in adverse winters 2011-2012, in the central zone of the Krasnodar Territory. Perennial heat-loving crops cultivated in non-covering form did not produce crops and partially froze.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows a device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops.

This device consists of a recess 1 in the soil, a slope 2, a boardwalk 3, a pipe segment 4 made of polypropylene or polyethylene, or reinforced fiberglass, or composite ceramic materials with an inner diameter of 0.25-0.35 m, a length of 0.5-0.6 m, and a metal rod 5.

A device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops works as follows.

A recess 1 is made in a square-shaped soil with a face length of 1 m, a depth of 0.6 m. The removed upper fertile layer is laid separately to form a slope 2. In the middle of the resulting recess, completely pipe 4 is made of polypropylene or polyethylene or reinforced fiberglass, or composite ceramic materials with an inner diameter of 0.25-0.35 m and a length of 0.5-0.6 m. The planted plant is perpendicular to the plane of slope 2, oriented to the south, at an angle of 45 ° to the soil surface surrounding the planting recess 1. With the beginning of growthThe shoots of the plant are propped up by a peg, giving the crown of the plant upright standing. In summer, when necessary, they carry out loosening of the slope surface, watering, weeding, forming a crown, and controlling pests and diseases. After the end of the progressive growth of the shoots of the plant, the peg is removed and the plant is tilted using a metal rod 5, FIG. 2. In the fall, as the crown of the perennial plant grows, they dig in the southern wall of the recess 1, and the crown is formed by trimming. The wood of perennial fruit crops is treated from the sprayer with an aqueous suspension of 3-6% powdered calcium carbonate (chalk) to reduce damage before wintering to reduce damage before winter; 2. Before the onset of frost, a board 3 (or from polymeric materials with low thermal conductivity) is laid on the recess 1 with the plant, 3, FIG. 2. With the loss of trunk flexibility, the plant is left constantly in a horizontal position. As a result, the plant is reliably and at low cost protected from frost, and in summer, due to the location of the tree in the ground layer of air, it receives the maximum possible amount of active temperatures during the growing season. The presence of a buried pipe 4 during the growing season of the plant works as an element of the drainage system. The use of this device creates a favorable temperature regime, which allows cultivating insufficiently frost-resistant, heat-loving plants at minimal cost.

This device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops in the cold period of time can be in demand in crop production and gardening. The utility model allows you to grow heat-loving crops, providing reliable protection of wood from damage by low temperatures in the winter.

Claims (1)

A device for keeping thermophilic perennial crops in the cold period of time, including a recess in the soil with a formed slope for planting, a boardwalk laid on the recess, a pipe segment made of polypropylene or polyethylene, or reinforced fiberglass, or composite ceramic materials with an inner diameter of 0.25 -0.35 m long 0.5-0.6 m, which is completely located in the soil in the middle of the recess, and a metal rod.

Images