NO136480B - - Google Patents
Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO136480B NO136480B NO2381/71A NO238171A NO136480B NO 136480 B NO136480 B NO 136480B NO 2381/71 A NO2381/71 A NO 2381/71A NO 238171 A NO238171 A NO 238171A NO 136480 B NO136480 B NO 136480B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- electrode
- hydrate
- chlorine
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- ACXCKRZOISAYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular chlorine hydrate Chemical compound O.ClCl ACXCKRZOISAYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 43
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 43
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloral hydrate Chemical compound OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229960002327 chloral hydrate Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 11
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 halogen hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFSIEROJJKUHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[Cl] Chemical group O.[Cl] MFSIEROJJKUHBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Cs+] LYQFWZFBNBDLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010325 electrochemical charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVLGAFRNYJVHBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrobromide Chemical compound O.Br GVLGAFRNYJVHBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PTECIXPBVVDNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular bromine;hydrate Chemical compound O.BrBr PTECIXPBVVDNOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum-iridium alloy Chemical compound [Ir].[Pt] HWLDNSXPUQTBOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/365—Zinc-halogen accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
- H01M12/085—Zinc-halogen cells or batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00050054A US3713888A (en) | 1970-06-26 | 1970-06-26 | Process for electrical energy using solid halogen hydrates |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO136480B true NO136480B (zh) | 1977-05-31 |
NO136480C NO136480C (no) | 1977-09-07 |
Family
ID=21963138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO2381/71A NO136480C (no) | 1970-06-26 | 1971-06-23 | Fremgangsm}te for drift av en str¦mfrembringende sekund{rcelle |
Country Status (26)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3713888A (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS5128327B1 (zh) |
AT (2) | AT318036B (zh) |
BE (1) | BE769098A (zh) |
BG (2) | BG19209A3 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA990346A (zh) |
CH (2) | CH575178A5 (zh) |
DD (1) | DD94839A5 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK134340B (zh) |
ES (1) | ES392635A1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI60622C (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2096510B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB1339060A (zh) |
IE (1) | IE35405B1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL36970A (zh) |
IT (1) | IT942119B (zh) |
NL (1) | NL171111C (zh) |
NO (1) | NO136480C (zh) |
PH (1) | PH12418A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL82060B1 (zh) |
RO (1) | RO61781A (zh) |
SE (1) | SE375884B (zh) |
SU (1) | SU401065A3 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR17355A (zh) |
YU (1) | YU35202B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA713614B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (70)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3935024A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1976-01-27 | Energy Development Associates | Halogen hydrates |
US3907592A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1975-09-23 | Energy Dev Ass | Halogen hydrates |
BE791594A (fr) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-05-17 | Omf California Inc | Production d'hydrate de chlore |
US4127701A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1978-11-28 | Energy Development Associates | Refuelable electrical energy storage device |
US3793077A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-02-19 | Occidental Energy Dev Co | Battery including apparatus for making halogen hydrate |
US3779813A (en) * | 1972-08-21 | 1973-12-18 | Occidental Energy Dev Co | Manifold system for electrical energy storage systems |
US3940283A (en) * | 1973-01-03 | 1976-02-24 | Energy Development Associates | Halogen hydrates |
US3877990A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1975-04-15 | Occidental Energy Dev Company | Method of slowing escape of chlorine from metal-chlorine battery |
US4020238A (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1977-04-26 | Energy Development Associates | Control of generation of chlorine feed from chlorine hydrate for use in a metal chlorine electric energy storage device |
US4107397A (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1978-08-15 | Unigate Limited | Electro-chemical cells |
FR2266958B1 (zh) * | 1974-04-05 | 1976-10-08 | Comp Generale Electricite | |
US4025697A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1977-05-24 | Energy Development Associates | Apparatus for circulating electrolyte around multi-section batteries |
US3993502A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1976-11-23 | Energy Development Associates | Metal halogen hydrate battery system |
US4071660A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-01-31 | Energy Development Associates | Electrode for a zinc-chloride battery and batteries containing the same |
US4037032A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1977-07-19 | Diamond Shamrock Technologies S.A. | Electric storage battery with valve metal electrodes |
US4049880A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1977-09-20 | Energy Development Associates | Self-generating halogen liquification in a secondary battery |
US4086393A (en) * | 1976-11-24 | 1978-04-25 | Energy Development Associates | Gas phase free liquid chlorine electrochemical systems |
US4068043A (en) * | 1977-03-11 | 1978-01-10 | Energy Development Associates | Pump battery system |
US4144381A (en) * | 1977-09-20 | 1979-03-13 | Energy Development Associates | Electrochemical pH control |
US4237197A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1980-12-02 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Electrochemical system |
US4320179A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1982-03-16 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Transference and purification of halogen and hydrohalic acid in an electrochemical system |
US4146680A (en) * | 1978-06-15 | 1979-03-27 | Energy Development Associates | Operational zinc chlorine battery based on a water store |
US4181777A (en) * | 1978-09-07 | 1980-01-01 | Diamond Shamrock Technologies S.A. | Rechargeable zinc halogen battery |
US4200684A (en) * | 1978-11-24 | 1980-04-29 | P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. | High rate discharge primary battery |
US4218521A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-08-19 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Metal-halogen battery having reduced dendrite growth |
US4273839A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-06-16 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Activating carbonaceous electrodes |
US4241150A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1980-12-23 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method for control of edge effects of oxidant electrode |
US4288507A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-09-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Control of edge effects of oxidant electrode |
US4251568A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-02-17 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method of storing electrical energy |
JPS5671271A (en) * | 1979-11-14 | 1981-06-13 | Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Metal-halogen secondary battery |
US4307159A (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-12-22 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Zinc halogen battery electrolyte compositions with bismuth additive |
US4306000A (en) * | 1980-04-29 | 1981-12-15 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method of cooling zinc halogen batteries |
US4287267A (en) * | 1980-05-27 | 1981-09-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Zinc-chlorine battery plant system and method |
NL8003193A (nl) * | 1980-05-31 | 1982-01-04 | Electrochem Energieconversie | Inrichting voor de toe- of afvoer van een fluidum aan de rand van een vlakke brandstofcelelectrode en een electrode-element en een brandstofcel voorzien van een dergelijke inrichting. |
US4371825A (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1983-02-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method of minimizing the effects of parasitic currents |
US4370392A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1983-01-25 | The University Of Akron | Chrome-halogen energy storage device and system |
US4385099A (en) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-05-24 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery construction with improved technique for producing halogen hydrate |
US4423121A (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-12-27 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery construction with combustion arrester to prevent self propagation of hydrogen-halogen reactions |
US4414292A (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-11-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery system |
US4400446A (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-08-23 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Halogen hydrate storage device for mobile zinc-chloride battery systems |
US4389468A (en) * | 1982-03-16 | 1983-06-21 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Metal halogen battery system with multiple outlet nozzle for hydrate |
US4386140A (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1983-05-31 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Multiple stage multiple filter hydrate store |
US4413040A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-11-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Hydrogen/halogen reactor system for metal halogen batteries |
US4413042A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-11-01 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Inert gas rejection system for metal halogen batteries |
US4534833A (en) * | 1982-05-03 | 1985-08-13 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Zinc-chloride battery in a chlorine producing/consuming plant |
US4581122A (en) * | 1982-06-09 | 1986-04-08 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | State of charge analytical apparatus |
US4452868A (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1984-06-05 | Gould Inc. | Metal-chlorine cell with storage of chlorine |
US4585709A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1986-04-29 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating the hydrate formation temperature in a metal-halogen battery |
JPS59182203A (ja) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-10-17 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 塩素水和物生成槽 |
US4469762A (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1984-09-04 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Self-draining heat exchanger arrangement and method |
US4567120A (en) * | 1984-10-01 | 1986-01-28 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Flow-through porous electrodes |
GB2177251B (en) * | 1985-06-19 | 1988-12-07 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Battery |
US4637968A (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1987-01-20 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Solid bromine complexers |
US4746585A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1988-05-24 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Comb-type bipolar stack |
US4833046A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1989-05-23 | General Electric Company | Metal-hydrogen secondary battery |
US8114541B2 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2012-02-14 | Primus Power Corporation | Electrochemical energy generation system |
US20090239131A1 (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2009-09-24 | Richard Otto Winter | Electrochemical energy cell system |
US8304110B2 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2012-11-06 | General Electric Company | Composition and energy storage device |
US8273472B2 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-09-25 | Primus Power Corporation | Shunt current interruption in electrochemical energy generation system |
US8450001B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2013-05-28 | Primus Power Corporation | Flow batter with radial electrolyte distribution |
US8202641B2 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-06-19 | Primus Power Corporation | Metal electrode assembly for flow batteries |
US9478803B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2016-10-25 | Primus Power Corporation | Electrolyte flow configuration for a metal-halogen flow battery |
US8137831B1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-03-20 | Primus Power Corporation | Electrolyte flow configuration for a metal-halogen flow battery |
US9130217B2 (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2015-09-08 | Primus Power Corporation | Fluidic architecture for metal-halogen flow battery |
US8928327B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 | 2015-01-06 | Primus Power Corporation | Mass distribution indication of flow battery state of charge |
EP2965377B1 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2018-05-09 | Primus Power Corporation | Reservoir for multiphase electrolyte flow control |
US10056636B1 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2018-08-21 | Primus Power Corporation | Electrolyte compositions for use in a metal-halogen flow battery |
WO2016149019A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2016-09-22 | Primus Power Corporation | Flow battery electrolyte compositions containing a chelating agent and a metal plating enhancer |
WO2017015377A1 (en) | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-26 | Primus Power Corporation | Flow battery electrolyte compositions containing an organosulfate wetting agent and flow batteries including same |
US10290891B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2019-05-14 | Primus Power Corporation | Metal-halogen flow battery bipolar electrode assembly, system, and method |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR393332A (fr) * | 1908-07-29 | 1908-12-19 | Henri Alfred Leaute | Pile électrique de haut voltage supprimant la polarisation |
-
1970
- 1970-06-26 US US00050054A patent/US3713888A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-09-04 NL NLAANVRAGE7013131,A patent/NL171111C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1971
- 1971-06-02 IL IL36970A patent/IL36970A/en unknown
- 1971-06-03 CA CA114,771A patent/CA990346A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-06-03 ZA ZA713614A patent/ZA713614B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-16 BG BG17834A patent/BG19209A3/xx unknown
- 1971-06-16 BG BG21644A patent/BG22857A3/xx unknown
- 1971-06-17 IT IT51072/71A patent/IT942119B/it active
- 1971-06-21 JP JP46044749A patent/JPS5128327B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-06-23 NO NO2381/71A patent/NO136480C/no unknown
- 1971-06-23 FI FI1790/71A patent/FI60622C/fi active
- 1971-06-23 SE SE7108206A patent/SE375884B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-24 FR FR7123103A patent/FR2096510B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-06-24 YU YU1643/71A patent/YU35202B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-24 GB GB2971471A patent/GB1339060A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-06-25 SU SU1678007A patent/SU401065A3/ru active
- 1971-06-25 CH CH940871A patent/CH575178A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 DK DK313871AA patent/DK134340B/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 TR TR17355A patent/TR17355A/xx unknown
- 1971-06-25 CH CH776775A patent/CH592574A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 PL PL1971149063A patent/PL82060B1/pl unknown
- 1971-06-25 ES ES392635A patent/ES392635A1/es not_active Expired
- 1971-06-25 BE BE769098A patent/BE769098A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 AT AT552371A patent/AT318036B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 AT AT50773*7A patent/AT328528B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-25 DD DD156080A patent/DD94839A5/xx unknown
- 1971-06-25 RO RO67457A patent/RO61781A/ro unknown
- 1971-06-25 IE IE821/71A patent/IE35405B1/xx unknown
-
1972
- 1972-08-31 US US00282736A patent/US3809578A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-05-28 PH PH15878A patent/PH12418A/en unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
NO136480B (zh) | ||
US3935024A (en) | Halogen hydrates | |
US3940283A (en) | Halogen hydrates | |
RU2660125C2 (ru) | Электрохимический реактор, содержащий отталкивающую жидкость пористую мембрану | |
KR102274666B1 (ko) | 중수의 전해농축 방법 | |
JP4806017B2 (ja) | 水素発生システム | |
US4180623A (en) | Electrically rechargeable battery | |
US8889281B2 (en) | Batteries for efficient energy extraction from a salinity difference | |
US8137831B1 (en) | Electrolyte flow configuration for a metal-halogen flow battery | |
CA1118711A (en) | Gas phase free liquid chlorine electrochemical systems | |
US20160141694A1 (en) | Cathodes capable of operating in an electrochemical reaction, and related cells, devices, and methods | |
CN101796220A (zh) | 包含二氧化硫去极化阳极的电解槽和使用其产生氢的方法 | |
JPH06501128A (ja) | アルミニウムバッテリー | |
NO138256B (no) | Fremgangsmaate ved elektrolyse av en vandig opploesning inneholdende natrium- og/eller kaliumioner og elektrolysecelle for utfoerelse derav | |
US4273839A (en) | Activating carbonaceous electrodes | |
US4581105A (en) | Electrochemical cell operating near the critical point of water | |
US8304121B2 (en) | Primary aluminum hydride battery | |
JP4028732B2 (ja) | 発電方法 | |
US3907592A (en) | Halogen hydrates | |
CN109841931A (zh) | 一种氯镁燃料电池 | |
CN108630960A (zh) | 一种热虹吸液流电池及其应用 | |
US4502928A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing halogen | |
JPH0626118B2 (ja) | Li/SOCl▲下2▼又はLi/SO▲下2▼Cl▲下2▼結合を用いた活性可能蓄電池 | |
JP6419470B2 (ja) | 電解処理方法及び電解処理装置 | |
Downing | 4 Magnesium–Air Battery |