LU84088A1 - Perfectionnement au procede de preparation de dinitriles par hydrocyanation de nitriles non satures - Google Patents
Perfectionnement au procede de preparation de dinitriles par hydrocyanation de nitriles non satures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LU84088A1 LU84088A1 LU84088A LU84088A LU84088A1 LU 84088 A1 LU84088 A1 LU 84088A1 LU 84088 A LU84088 A LU 84088A LU 84088 A LU84088 A LU 84088A LU 84088 A1 LU84088 A1 LU 84088A1
- Authority
- LU
- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- hydrocyanation
- dinitriles
- catalyst
- ppm
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005669 hydrocyanation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 alicyclic hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 23
- CFEYBLWMNFZOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CCCC#N CFEYBLWMNFZOPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UVKXJAUUKPDDNW-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-pent-3-enenitrile Chemical compound C\C=C\CC#N UVKXJAUUKPDDNW-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- UVKXJAUUKPDDNW-IHWYPQMZSA-N (z)-pent-3-enenitrile Chemical compound C\C=C/CC#N UVKXJAUUKPDDNW-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002066 L-histidyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=NC(C([H])([H])[C@](C(=O)[*])([H])N([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004799 bromophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000068 chlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000029305 taxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds
- C07C253/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds to compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/02—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C255/04—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic and saturated carbon skeleton containing two cyano groups bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/254,487 US4339395A (en) | 1981-04-15 | 1981-04-15 | Treatment of olefin hydrocyanation products |
| US25448781 | 1981-04-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LU84088A1 true LU84088A1 (fr) | 1983-04-13 |
Family
ID=22964480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU84088A LU84088A1 (fr) | 1981-04-15 | 1982-04-14 | Perfectionnement au procede de preparation de dinitriles par hydrocyanation de nitriles non satures |
Country Status (11)
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4387056A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1983-06-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for separating zero-valent nickel species from divalent nickel species |
| KR930011149B1 (ko) * | 1989-12-27 | 1993-11-24 | 미쯔이도오아쯔가가꾸 가부시기가이샤 | 노르캄판디카르보니트릴류의 제조방법 |
| US5312959A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1994-05-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Purification of 2-methylglutaronitrile or adiponitrile |
| US5847191A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 1998-12-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the hydrocyanation of monoolefins using bidentate phosphite ligands and zero-valent nickel |
| FR2849027B1 (fr) * | 2002-12-23 | 2005-01-21 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de synthese de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles a partir de composes a insaturations ethyleniques |
| FR2850966B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-10 | 2005-03-18 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes dinitriles |
| FR2854892B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-12 | 2005-06-24 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de dinitriles |
| FR2854891B1 (fr) | 2003-05-12 | 2006-07-07 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de preparation de dinitriles |
| TW200535122A (en) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-11-01 | Basf Ag | Removal of nickel(0) complexes and phosphorus ligands from nitrile mixtures |
| DE102004050935A1 (de) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-20 | Basf Ag | Extraktion von Nickel(0)-Komplexen aus Nitrilgemischen mit verminderter Mulmbildung |
| WO2007046799A1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-26 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L. | Process of making 3-aminopentanenitrile |
| EP1996598B1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2013-10-16 | Invista Technologies S.à.r.l. | Method for the purification of triorganophosphites by treatment with a basic additive |
| CN101460229A (zh) * | 2006-04-07 | 2009-06-17 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 从腈混合物分离镍(0)配合物和含磷配体的方法 |
| US7919646B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2011-04-05 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Hydrocyanation of 2-pentenenitrile |
| US7880028B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2011-02-01 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Process for making 3-pentenenitrile by hydrocyanation of butadiene |
| US7709674B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-05-04 | Invista North America S.A R.L | Hydrocyanation process with reduced yield losses |
| EP2146930A2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2010-01-27 | INVISTA Technologies S.à.r.l. | High efficiency reactor and process |
| EP2164587B1 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2018-04-04 | INVISTA Textiles (U.K.) Limited | Process for improving adiponitrile quality |
| WO2009091771A2 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L | Process for making and refining 3-pentenenitrile, and for refining 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile |
| WO2009091790A1 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Invista Technologies S.A.R.L. | Hydrocyanation of pentenenitriles |
| FR2926816B1 (fr) | 2008-01-25 | 2010-05-14 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| JP2011515411A (ja) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-05-19 | インビスタ テクノロジーズ エス エイ アール エル | シクロドデカトリエンの製造方法およびラウロラクトンの製造方法 |
| FR2932477B1 (fr) | 2008-06-17 | 2013-01-18 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| US8247621B2 (en) | 2008-10-14 | 2012-08-21 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Process for making 2-secondary-alkyl-4,5-di-(normal-alkyl)phenols |
| FR2937321B1 (fr) | 2008-10-21 | 2010-10-22 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| FR2941455B1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2011-02-11 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| WO2011017543A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Invista Technologies S.A. R.L. | Hydrogenation and esterification to form diesters |
| WO2013095851A1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Extraction solvent control for reducing stable emulsions |
| KR20150035479A (ko) | 2011-12-21 | 2015-04-06 | 인비스타 테크놀러지스 에스.에이 알.엘. | 안정한 에멀젼을 감소시키기 위한 추출 용매 제어 |
| CN104039412B (zh) * | 2011-12-21 | 2016-08-24 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 用于减少稳定乳液的萃取溶剂控制 |
| WO2013095853A1 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Extraction solvent control for reducing stable emulsions |
| US9676800B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2017-06-13 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Extraction solvent control for reducing stable emulsions |
| CN105307741B (zh) | 2013-06-20 | 2019-06-18 | 英威达纺织（英国）有限公司 | 用于减少稳定乳液的萃取溶剂控制 |
| CN105377395B (zh) | 2013-06-20 | 2018-05-29 | 英威达纺织（英国）有限公司 | 用于减少稳定乳液的萃取溶剂控制 |
| CN105307742B (zh) | 2013-06-20 | 2018-10-02 | 英威达纺织（英国）有限公司 | 用于减少稳定乳液的萃取溶剂控制 |
| WO2014210191A1 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L. | Improved process for refining nitriles |
| CN106573879B (zh) | 2014-06-27 | 2019-09-24 | 英威达纺织（英国）有限公司 | 增强从包含腈的混合物萃取杂质 |
| EP3160933B1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2018-08-15 | INVISTA Textiles (U.K.) Limited | Integrated process for nitrile manufacture with enhanced liquid-liquid extraction |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1112539A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1968-05-08 | Du Pont | Preparation of organic nitriles |
| US3496217A (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1970-02-17 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
| US3766241A (en) * | 1971-05-26 | 1973-10-16 | Du Pont | Removal of metal cations from solution in nitriles |
| US3766237A (en) * | 1972-01-25 | 1973-10-16 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
| US3773809A (en) * | 1972-06-28 | 1973-11-20 | Du Pont | Separation of organic phosphorus compounds and their metal complexes from organic nitriles in the hydrocyanation of olefins |
| US3903120A (en) * | 1973-06-19 | 1975-09-02 | Du Pont | Preparation of zerovalent nickel complexes from elemental nickel |
| US4080374A (en) * | 1977-02-23 | 1978-03-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Product recovery |
| US4082811A (en) * | 1977-02-23 | 1978-04-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Recovery of metal and triarylborane catalyst components from olefin hydrocyanation residue |
-
1981
- 1981-04-15 US US06/254,487 patent/US4339395A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1982
- 1982-03-30 CA CA000399785A patent/CA1175068A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-14 NL NL8201552A patent/NL8201552A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-04-14 IT IT20730/82A patent/IT1201941B/it active
- 1982-04-14 BE BE0/207814A patent/BE892841A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-04-14 GB GB8210809A patent/GB2096610B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-04-14 KR KR8201636A patent/KR880002294B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1982-04-14 LU LU84088A patent/LU84088A1/fr unknown
- 1982-04-14 JP JP57061196A patent/JPS57179144A/ja active Granted
- 1982-04-15 DE DE19823213912 patent/DE3213912A1/de active Granted
- 1982-04-15 FR FR8206457A patent/FR2504128A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57179144A (en) | 1982-11-04 |
| US4339395A (en) | 1982-07-13 |
| GB2096610B (en) | 1985-05-01 |
| KR830010056A (ko) | 1983-12-24 |
| GB2096610A (en) | 1982-10-20 |
| DE3213912A1 (de) | 1982-11-11 |
| FR2504128A1 (fr) | 1982-10-22 |
| IT1201941B (it) | 1989-02-02 |
| NL8201552A (nl) | 1982-11-01 |
| JPH0150220B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1989-10-27 |
| BE892841A (fr) | 1982-10-14 |
| FR2504128B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1984-12-28 |
| KR880002294B1 (ko) | 1988-10-22 |
| DE3213912C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1992-04-02 |
| CA1175068A (en) | 1984-09-25 |
| IT8220730A0 (it) | 1982-04-14 |
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