KR890006716A - 고도의 방향족 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막 및 방향족 화합물과 비방향족 화합물을 분리하기 위한 이들의 용도 - Google Patents

고도의 방향족 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막 및 방향족 화합물과 비방향족 화합물을 분리하기 위한 이들의 용도 Download PDF

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KR890006716A
KR890006716A KR1019880013412A KR880013412A KR890006716A KR 890006716 A KR890006716 A KR 890006716A KR 1019880013412 A KR1019880013412 A KR 1019880013412A KR 880013412 A KR880013412 A KR 880013412A KR 890006716 A KR890006716 A KR 890006716A
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aromatic
less
polyurea
urethane
anisotropic
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루이스 페이머 죠셉
알프레드 코에나이쳐 번드
챨스 슈커 로버트
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제롬 이.루에츠
엑손 리써치 앤드 엔지니어링 캄파니
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Publication of KR890006716A publication Critical patent/KR890006716A/ko

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
    • C10G31/11—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by dialysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
    • B01D61/362—Pervaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
    • B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
    • B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
    • B01D67/00111—Polymer pretreatment in the casting solutions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
    • B01D67/0013—Casting processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
    • B01D69/107—Organic support material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
    • B01D69/108—Inorganic support material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • B01D69/1216—Three or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3225—Polyamines
    • C08G18/3237—Polyamines aromatic
    • C08G18/3243—Polyamines aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
    • B01D2323/081—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
    • B01D2323/082—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/12—Specific ratios of components used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/219—Specific solvent system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
    • B01D2323/219—Specific solvent system
    • B01D2323/22—Specific non-solvents or non-solvent system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
    • B01D2325/022—Asymmetric membranes
    • B01D2325/0231—Dense layers being placed on the outer side of the cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/54—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/48—Processes of making filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/62—Processes of molding porous films

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

내용 없음

Description

고도의 방향족 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막 및 방향족 화합물과 비방향족 화합물을 분리하기 위한 이들의 용도
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 본 발명에 의한 3층 폴리우레아/우레탄 이방성 막의 주사전자현미경(SEM) 사진.
제2도는 전형적인 역삼투압 2층 비대칭막의 SEM 사진.
제3도는 셀룰로오스 여과지 지지체 위에 놓인 본 발명의 3층 이방성막의 200 배율 및 1800 배율 SEM 사진.

Claims (10)

  1. 세개의 층, 즉 얇고 치밀한 층; 얇은 불연속 표층; 및 얇고 치밀한 층과 얇은 불연속 표층 사이의 다공성(open porous) 구조를 가짐을 특징으로 하는 이방성 방향족 폴리우레아/우레탄 막.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 우레아 지수가 약 20% 이상 100% 미만이고, 방향족 탄소함량이 최소한 약 15몰%이며, 중합체 1000g당 자용기 밀도 Σ(C=C+NH)가 약 10 이상이고 C=O/NH비가 약 8 미만임을 특징으로 하는 이방성 방향족 폴리우레아/우레탄 막.
  3. 약 5용량% 미만의 비용매를 함유하는 우량(good) 용매중의 폴리우레아/우레탄 공중합체의 캐스팅 용액을 만들고; 이 캐스팅 용액의 필름을 최대 기공크기가 20마이크론 미만인 지지체 기판위에 부착시켜; 필름에 용매증기압-시간인자가 약 100mmHg-분 이하가 되는 조건을 적용시킨 후; 언급한 필름을 비용매 급냉매 중에서 급냉시키는 것을 포함하여, 3층 구조를 가짐을 특징으로 하는 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막을 제조하는 방법.
  4. 제3항에 있어서, 지지체 기판이 비다공성인 방법.
  5. 제3항에 있어서, 우량 용매가 약 0용량%의 비용매를 함유하고, 지지체 기판은 비다공성 유리, 금속 또는 이형지중에서 선택되며, 용매증기압-시간인자가 약 200mmHg-분 이하이고, 급냉매는 물인 방법.
  6. 제3항 또는 제5항에 있어서, 막이 제조되는 폴리우레아/우레탄 공중합체가 약 20% 이상 100% 미만의 우레아 지수, 최소한 약 15몰%의 방향족 탄소함량, 약 10 이상의 중합체 1000g당 작용기 밀도 Σ(C=O+NH), 및 약 8 미만의 C=O/NH비를 가짐을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  7. 방향족 화합물과 비방향족 화합물-포화 화합물과의 혼합물을 3층 구조를 특징으로 하는 이방성 방향족 폴리우레아/우레탄 막의 한면과 접촉시키는 것을 포함하여, 이 혼합물로부터 방향족 화합물을 분리하는 방법.
  8. 제7항에 있어서, 이방성 방향족 폴리우레아/우레탄 막이 약 20% 이상 100% 미만의 우레아 지수, 최소한 약 15몰%의 방향족 탄소함량, 약 10 이상의 중합체 1000g당 작용기 밀도 Σ(C=O+NH), 및 약 8 미만의 C=O/NH비를 가짐을 특징으로 하는 방법.
  9. 제7항 또는 제8항에 있어서, 약 5용량% 미만의 비용매를 함유하는 우량 용매중의 폴리우레아/우레탄 공중합체의 캐스팅 용액을 만들고; 이 캐스팅 용액의 필름을 최대 기공 크기가 20 마이크론 미만인 지지체 기판상에 부착시키며, 필름에 용매증기압-시간인자가 약 100mmHg-분 이하가 되는 조건을 적용시키고; 언급한 필름을 비용매 급냉매 중에서 급냉시킴으로써 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막을 제조하는 방법.
  10. 제7항에 있어서, 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막을 사용한 방향족 화합물과 비방향족 화합물 및 포화 화합물의 분리 공정을 과도증발 조건하에 수행하는 방법.
    ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
KR1019880013412A 1987-10-14 1988-10-14 고도의 방향족 이방성 폴리우레아/우레탄 막 및 방향족 화합물과 비방향족 화합물을 분리하기 위한 이들의 용도 KR890006716A (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/108,821 US4828773A (en) 1987-10-14 1987-10-14 Highly aromatic anisotropic polyurea/urethane membranes and their use for the separation of aromatics from non-aromatics
US108,821 1987-10-14

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KR890006716A true KR890006716A (ko) 1989-06-15

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US (1) US4828773A (ko)
EP (1) EP0312379A3 (ko)
JP (1) JPH022853A (ko)
KR (1) KR890006716A (ko)
BR (1) BR8805320A (ko)

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BR8805320A (pt) 1989-05-30
US4828773A (en) 1989-05-09
JPH022853A (ja) 1990-01-08
EP0312379A2 (en) 1989-04-19

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