KR102185569B1 - Binary fungicidal and bactericidal combinations - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a combination of novel active compounds, in particular (A) isotianil, and (B1) a member of the host defense inducer group selected from tiadinil and probenazole, (B2) isopyrazam and propico It relates to a fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/or bactericidal composition comprising at least one fungicidal active compound (B) selected from the group comprising members of the group of other fungicides selected from nazol.

Description

Binary fungicidal and bactericidal combinations {BINARY FUNGICIDAL AND BACTERICIDAL COMBINATIONS}

The present invention relates to novel combinations of active compounds, in particular (A) isotianyl (3,4-dichloro-N-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-isothiazole-carboxamide), and (B1) thi A member of the group of host defense inducing agents selected from adinyl and probenazole and (B2) a member of the group of other fungicides selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole; and at least one additional compound (B) selected from the group comprising To a fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/or bactericidal composition.

The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of such combinations, compositions comprising such combinations, and their use as biologically active combinations for the control of harmful microorganisms and enhancing plant health, in particular in crop protection and material protection. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for curatively or prophylactically controlling phytopathogenic fungi or bacteria of plants or crops, the use of the combinations according to the present invention for seed treatment, seed protection methods, and in particular treated seeds. .

It is already known that isotianil (compound (A)) is highly suitable for protecting plants against attack by undesirable phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, in particular bacteria (WO 99/024 413, WO 2006/098128, JP 2007-84566, WO 96/29871 US-A 5,240,951 and JP-A 06-009313, WO 2010/089055). Isotianil (compound (A)) according to the invention is suitable for mobilizing the defense of plants against attack by undesirable phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, and also for direct control of phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, especially bacteria. It is suitable as a biocide. In addition, isotianil is also active against pests that damage plants (WO 99/24414). Combinations of isotianil with selected fungicides have been described in WO 2005/009130 and WO 2010/069489. The activity of these substances is good; However, at low application rates, the activity is unsatisfactory in some cases.

In addition, the environmental and economic demands imposed on modern fungicides and bactericides continue to increase, for example with respect to the spectrum of action, toxicity, selectivity, application rate, residue formation, and advantageous manufacturability, and It is a continuing challenge to develop new fungicides and/or biocidal agents that have advantages over at least known counterparts in some areas, for example, as there may be problems related to resistance.

The invention provides in some aspects combinations/compositions of active compounds that achieve at least the stated goals.

(A) isotianil and (B) (B1) tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2), comprising a member of the host defense inducer group selected from, (B2) isopyrazam (2.3) and propico It has been unexpectedly found that combinations comprising at least one additional fungicide selected from the group comprising members of the group of other fungicides selected from Nazol (2.4) are as effective as combinations known from the prior art.

The combination according to the invention shows good efficiency against harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, compared to the compositions known from the prior art.

In particular, preferably the combination according to the invention has a synergistic effect in use as fungicides or bactericides against harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria.

In addition, the combinations according to the invention have an excellent synergistic effect against harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria compared to known combinations of the prior art.

The synergistic effect of the combinations and compositions according to the invention extends the scope of action of components (A) and (B) in two ways. First, the application rate of components (A) and (B) is lowered while the action is still equally good. Second, the combination still achieves a high degree of control of phytopathogens even when the two separate compounds are not entirely effective in this low application rate range. This allows a substantial expansion of the spectrum of phytopathogens that can be controlled on the one hand and increased safety in use on the other.

However, in addition to the actual synergistic action on fungicidal or bactericidal activity, the insecticidal combinations according to the invention also have additional unexpected advantageous properties that can also be described as synergistic activity in a broader sense. . Examples of such advantageous properties include broadening the spectrum of fungicidal activity against other phytopathogens such as resistant strains; Reduction in the rate of application of the active ingredient; Pests are sufficiently controlled with the aid of the composition according to the invention, even at application rates where the individual compounds are not entirely effective; Advantageous behavior during formulation or upon application, for example upon grinding, sieving, emulsifying, dissolving or dispensing; Increased storage stability; Light stability improvement; More favorable degradability; Improving toxicological or ecotoxicological behavior; Emergence, crop yield, more developed root system, increased sputum, increased plant height, enlarged leaf slices, reduced root leaf death, stronger sputum, greener leaf color, reduced fertilizer requirements, reduced seed requirements, more productive sputum, early flowering Improving the properties of useful plants, including early grain maturation, reduced plant breaks (lopping), increased growth of growth, improved plant vitality, and early germination; Or any other advantage familiar to the person skilled in the art may be mentioned.

The combination according to the invention may also provide improved systemicity of the active compounds used. Indeed, even if some of the fungicide compounds used do not have any systemic properties or do not have satisfactory systemic properties, these compounds in the composition according to the present invention may exhibit such properties.

In a similar way, the combination according to the invention can allow for an increase in the persistence of the fungicidal efficacy of the active compounds used.

Another advantage of the combination according to the invention is that an increase in healing can be achieved.

Compound (A) isotianil comprises a member of the group of host defense inducers selected from (B) (B1) tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2), and (B2) isopyrazam (2.3) and pro Piconazole (2.4) is combined with at least one compound selected from the group comprising members of the group of other fungicides.

(A) Isotianil (chemical name 3,4-dichloro-N-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-isothiazole-carboxamide) and a method for its preparation based on commercially available compounds are described in WO 99/024413 I can confirm.

이소티아닐

Isotianil

(2.1) Tiadinil (chemical name: N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxamide) and its preparation based on commercially available compounds The method can be found in WO 96/29871 / US 6166054.

티아디닐

Tiadinil

(2.2) Probenazole (chemical name: 3-(2-propenyloxy)-1,2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide) and its preparation method based on a commercially available compound can be found in US 3629428. have.

프로베나졸

Probenazole

(2.3) Isopyrazam is 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(1RS,4SR,9RS)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-isopropyl-1,4- Both syn isomers of methanonaphthalen-5-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide and 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(1RS,4SR,9SR)-1,2 ,3,4-tetrahydro-9-isopropyl-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide is a combination comprising both anti isomers. Isopyrazam is isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR), isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1S) ,4R,9R), isopyrazam (sin-epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS), isopyrazam (sin-epimer enantiomer 1R,4S,9R), and isopyrazam (sin-epimer Enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9S) are further included. A method for its preparation based on isopyrazam and commercially available compounds can be found in WO 2004/035589.

(2.4) Propiconazole (chemical name: 1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1H-1,2,4- Triazole) and a method for their preparation based on commercially available compounds can be found in DE-A 2551560.

프로피코나졸

Propiconazole

The compounds (A) isotianil and compounds (B) (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4) of the combination or composition according to the invention may be combined in any specific ratio between these two essential components. In the combination or composition according to the invention, compounds (A) and (B) are synergistically effective weight ratios of (A):(B) in the range of 1000:1 to 1:1000, preferably 500:1 It is present in a weight ratio of 1:500, most preferably 100:1 to 1:100. Additional ratios of (A):(B) that can be used according to the invention are as follows, with increasing preference in the order given: 800:1 to 1:800, 700:1 to 1:700, 750: 1 to 1:750, 600:1 to 1:600, 400:1 to 1:400, 300:1 to 1:300, 250:1 to 1:250, 200:1 to 1:200, 95:1 to 1:95, 90:1 to 1:90, 85:1 to 1:85, 80:1 to 1:80, 75:1 to 1:75, 70:1 to 1:70, 65:1 to 1: 65, 60:1 to 1:60, 55:1 to 1:55, 45:1 to 1:45, 40:1 to 1:40, 35:1 to 1:35, 30:1 to 1:30, 25:1 to 1:25, 20:1 to 1:20, 15:1 to 1:15, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3: 1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2. Preferred ratios are 25:1 to 1:25, 20:1 to 1:20, 15:1 to 1:15, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4 , 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combination partners (A):(B) are present in a weight ratio of 1:25 to 25:1. More preferred ratios are 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, and 2:1 to 1:2. Most preferred ratios are 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, and 2:1 to 1:2.

The following combinations illustrate specific embodiments of the combinations according to the invention:

Isotianil + tiadinil; Isotianil + probenazole; Isotianil + isopyrazam; And isotianil + propiconazole.

The above-mentioned combinations or compositions may be used alone or in order to broaden the spectrum of action or prevent the development of resistance, other active ingredients such as bactericides, fungicides, acaricides, nematodes, herbicides, insecticides, micronutrients and Micronutrient-containing compounds, safeners, lipochito-oligosaccharide compounds (LCO), soil improvement products or products for reducing plant stress, such as Myconate, for example the following Can be used in combination with:

(The active ingredients detailed herein by the "common name" are known and are described, for example in the literature ["The Pesticide Manual", 14th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2006], or they can be searched on the Internet. Yes (for example, http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides)).

Antibiotics such as kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, validamycin, gentamicin, oreofungin, blasticidin-S, cycloheximide, griseofulvin, moroxidin, natamycin, polyoxine, polyoxy Shaolin and combinations thereof.

Fungicide:

(1) Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, such as aldimorph, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, ciproconazole, diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M , Dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, epoxyconazole, etaconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, fenpropidine, fenpropimorph, fluquinconazole, flurprimidol, flu Silazole, flutriafol, purconazole, purconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imazalyl, imazalyl sulfate, imibenconazole, ifconazole, metconazole, myelobutanil, naphtipine, silkworm Arimol, oxpoconazole, paclobutrazole, pefurazoate, fenconazole, piperalin, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyributicarb, pyrifenox, quinconazole, Simeconazole, Spiroxamine, Tebuconazole, Terbinapine, Tetraconazole, Triadimephone, Triadimenol, Tridemorph, Triflumisol, Triforine, Triticonazole, Uniconazole, Uniconazole- p, biniconazole, voriconazole, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)cycloheptanol, methyl 1-(2,2-dimethyl -2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate, N'-{5-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-4-[3- (Trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-ethyl-N-methyl-N'-{2-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[3 -(Trimethylsilyl)propoxy]phenyl}imidoformamide and O-[1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl] 1H-imidazole-1-carbothioate .

(2) Respiratory chain inhibitors in complex I or II, e.g. bixafen, boscalid, carboxine, diflumetorim, fenfuram, fluopyram, flutolanil, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, purme Cyclox, isopyrazam (mixture of neo-epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9RS and anti-epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR,9SR), isopyrazam (anti-epimeric racemate 1RS,4SR) ,9SR), isopyrazam (anti-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9S), isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1S,4R,9R), isopyrazam (neo-epimeric racemate 1RS) ,4SR,9RS), isopyrazam (sin-epimeric enantiomer 1R,4S,9R), isopyrazam (sin-epimeric enantiomer 1S,4R,9S), mepronil, oxycarboxine, fenflu Pen, penthiopyrad, sedaxic acid, thifluzamide, 1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyra Sol-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4-fluoro-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-1 -Methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1- Methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5,8-difluoro-N-[2-(2-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl] Oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amine, N-[9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-( Difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[(1S,4R)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1, 4-Methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide and N-[(1R,4S)-9-(dichloromethylene) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.

(3) Respiratory chain inhibitors in complex III, e.g., amethoctradine, amisbromine, azoxystropin, cyazofamide, cumethoxystrobin, cumoxistrobin, dimoxistrobin, enestroburin, wave Moxadon, phenamidone, phenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, cresoxime-methyl, metominostrobin, orissastrobin, picocystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyramitostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyriben Carb, triclopyrcarb, tripleoxystrobin, (2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl]oxy }Phenyl)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, (2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[ 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)ethanamide, (2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-{2-[(E)- ({1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy}imino)methyl]phenyl}ethanamide, (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3- {[(E)-1-fluoro-2-phenylethenyl]oxy}phenyl)ethylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylethanamide, (2E) -2-{2-[({[(2E,3E)-4-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)but-3-en-2-ylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(me Toxiimino)-N-methylethanamide, 2-chloro-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 5- Methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene}amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-di Hydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, methyl (2E)-2-{2-[({cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl}sulfanyl)methyl] Phenyl}-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate, N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-(formylamino)-2-hydroxybenzamide, 2- {2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide and (2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)methyl] Phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.

(4) Mitosis and cell division inhibitors, such as benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, dietopencarb, etaboxam, fluopicolide, fuberidazole, pencicuron, thiabendazole, thiophanate -Methyl, thiophanate, zoxamide, 5-chloro-7-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)[1,2,4] Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine and 3-chloro-5-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)pyridazine.

(5) Compounds that may have multisite action, such as Bordeaux mixture, captapol, captan, chlorotalonyl, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oxide, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate (2+), dicloflu Anide, dithianone, dodin, dodine free base, perbam, fluoropolpet, polpet, guazatine, guazatine acetate, iminoctadine, iminotadine albesylate, iminotadine triacetate, manco Fur, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, metiram zinc, auxin-copper, propamidine, propineb, sulfur and sulfur preparations (including calcium polysulfide, thiram, tolylfluanide, zineb and ziram) .

(6) Compounds capable of inducing host defense, for example acibenzolar-S-methyl, isotianil, probenazole and tiadinil.

(7) Amino acid and/or protein biosynthesis inhibitors, for example andoprim, blasticidin-S, cyprodinil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil and 3-( 5-Fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline.

(8) Inhibitors of ATP production, for example fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide and silthiofam.

(9) Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis, such as bentiavalicarb, dimethomorph, flumorph, iprovalicarb, mandipropamide, polyoxine, polyoxorim, validamycin A and validenal Rate.

(10) Lipid and membrane synthesis inhibitors, such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dichloran, edifenphos, etridiazole, iodocarb, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, propamocarb, propamo Carb hydrochloride, prothiocarb, pyrazofos, quintogen, technagen and tolclofos-methyl.

(11) Melanin biosynthesis inhibitors, for example carpropamide, diclosimet, phenoxanil, phthalide, pyroquilon, tricyclazole and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl {3-methyl-1 -[(4-methylbenzoyl)amino]butan-2-yl}carbamate.

(12) Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors, for example benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (chiralaxyl), burimate, clozilacon, dimethirimol, etirimole, furalaxyl, hymexazole, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (Mephenoxam), ofureis, oxadixyl and oxolinic acid.

(13) Signal transduction inhibitors, for example clozolinate, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, iprodione, procymidone, quinoxifen and vinclozoline.

(14) Compounds that can act as uncouplers, for example binapacryl, dinocap, ferimzone, fluazinam and meptyldinocap.

(15) Additional compounds such as benthiazole, betoxazine, capsimacin, carbon, kinomethionate, pyriophenone (clazaphenone), cupraneb, cyflufenamide, simoxanil, Ciprosulfamide, dazomet, debacarb, dichlorophene, diclomezin, difenzoquat, difenzoquat methylsulfate, diphenylamine, ecomate, fenpyrazamine, flumetober, fluoromide, flu Sulfamide, flutianil, fosetyl-aluminum, fosetyl-calcium, fosetyl-sodium, hexachlorobenzene, irumamycin, metasulfocarb, methyl isothiocyanate, metraphenone, mildiomycin, natamycin , Nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrotal-isopropyl, octylinone, oxamocarb, oxypentyne, pentachlorophenol and salts, phenothrin, phosphoric acid and salts thereof, propamocarb-fosetyl Rate, propanosine-sodium, proquinazide, pyrimorph, (2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholine- 4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, (2Z)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-1-(morpholine-4 -Yl)prop-2-en-1-one, pyrrolnitrin, tebufloquine, teclophthalam, tolnipanide, triazoxide, tricramid, zarylamide, (3S,6S,7R,8R) -8-Benzyl-3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy)methoxy]-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl}carbonyl)amino]-6-methyl-4,9-dioxo- 1,5-dioxonan-7-yl 2-methylpropanoate, 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro -1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H -Pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole -3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl ]Ethanone, 1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thia Zol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluorome Tyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone, 1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl 1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate, 2,3 ,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine, 2,3-dibutyl-6-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one, 2-[5 -Methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole -1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazole-2 -Yl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-{4-[4-(5 -Phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]piperidin-1-yl}ethanone, 2-butoxy-6 -Iodo-3-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one, 2-chloro-5-[2-chloro-1-(2,6-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl- 1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridine, 2-phenylphenol and salt, 3-(4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) Quinoline, 3,4,5-trichloropyridin-2,6-dicarbonitrile, 3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,2-oxazolidin-3-yl] Pyridine, 3-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylpyridazine, 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6- Difluorophenyl)-3,6-dimethylpyridazine, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 5-chloro-N'-phenyl-N'-(prop-2- In-1-yl)thiophene-2-sulfonohydrazide, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine, 5-fluoro-2-[(4 -Methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidin-4-amine, 5-methyl-6-octyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, ethyl (2Z)-3- Amino-2-cyano-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, N'-(4-{[3-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]oxy }-2,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methyl Midoformamide, N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamide, N-[(4-chlorophenyl )(Cyano)methyl]-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl]propanamide, N-[(5-bromo-3-chloropyridine -2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine -3-carboxamide, N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluoro-4-iodopyridin-3-carboxamide, N-{ (E)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamide, N-{(Z)-[ (Cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamide, N'-{4-[(3-tert-butyl -4-cyano-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)oxy]-2-chloro-5-methylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-methyl-2-(1-{ [5-Methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1 -Yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl] Acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, N- Methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetyl}piperidin-4-yl)-N-[(1S)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, pentyl {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl )(Phenyl)methylidene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, quinoline-8-ol, quinoline-8-ol sulfate (2:1) And tert-butyl {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate.

(16) Further compounds, for example 1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-N-[2'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4- Carboxamide, N-(4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2',4 '-Dichlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N- [4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2',5'-difluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-1- Methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1) -Yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1-yl )Biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine -3-Carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl- 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-5-fluoro-1,3- Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyl Amide, N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-(4'-ethy Nylbiphenyl-2-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine- 3-carboxamide, 4-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-N-[4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxy Amide, 5-fluoro-N-[4'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole -4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridin-3-carboxa Mid, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H- Pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3 -Dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl] Pyridine-3-carboxamide, (5-bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl)methanone, N-[2 -(4-{[3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N2-(methylsulfonyl)valineamide, 4-oxo -4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butanoic acid and but-3-yn-1-yl {6-[({[(Z)-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)( Phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate, and combinations thereof.

Insecticides, acaricides, and nematodes:

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, e.g. carbamates, e.g. alanicarb, aldicarb, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, butocarboxime, butoxycarboxime, carbaryl , Carbofuran, carbosulfan, ethiophenecarb, phenobucarb, formantanate, furathiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, metomyl, metholcarb, oxamyl, pyrimy Carb, propoxur, thiodicarb, thiophanox, triazamate, trimetacarb, XMC and xylylcarb; Or organophosphates such as acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, cardusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenbinphos, chlormephos, chloropyrophos, chloropyrophos- Methyl, Coomafos, Cyanophos, Demetone-S-methyl, Diazinone, Dichlorbos/DDVP, Dicrotophos, Dimethoate, Dimethylvinphos, Disulfotone, EPN, Ethion, Etopropos, Palm Fur, phenamiphos, phenythrione, pentione, postizate, heptenophos, imiciaphos, isopenphos, isopropyl O-(methoxyaminothiophosphoryl) salicylate, isoxathione, Malathion, mecarbam, metamidophos, metidathione, mevinfos, monochromophos, nared, ometoate, oxydemetone-methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, pentoate, folate, fosalone, force Met, Phosphamidone, Foxim, Pyrimiphos-methyl, Propenophos, Prophetamphos, Prothiophos, Pyraclofos, Pyridafention, Quinalphos, Sulfothep, Tebupyrimfos, Temefos, Ter Bufos, tetrachlorbinfos, thiometone, triazophos, trichlorfon and bamidothione.

GABA-gating chloride channel antagonists such as cyclodiene organochlorines such as chlordan and endosulfan; Or phenylpyrazole (fiprole), for example etiprole and fipronil.

Sodium channel modulators/voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, e.g. pyrethroids, e.g. acrinatrin, alletrin, d-cis-trans alletrin, d-trans alletrin, bifenthrin, bioalletrin, bio Alletrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer, bioresmethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, sihalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cipermethrin , Alpha-cipermethrin, beta-cipermethrin, theta-cipermethrin, zeta-cipermethrin, cifenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer], deltamethrin, empentrin [( EZ)-(1R) isomer), esfenvalerate, etopenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, flucitrinate, flumethrin, tau-fluvalinate, halfprox, imiprothrin, cade Trine, permethrin, phenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer), praletrin, pyrethrin (pyrethrum), resmethrin, silafofen, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [ (1R) isomer)], tralomethrin and transfluthrin; Or DDT; Or methoxycyclore.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists such as neonicotinoids such as acetamiprid, clothianidine, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam; Or nicotine.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activators, for example spinosine, for example spinetoram and spinosad.

Chloride channel activators, for example avermectin/milbemycin, for example abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin.

Juvenile hormone mimetics, such as juvenile hormone analogues, such as hydroprene, kinoprene and methoprene; Or phenoxycarb; Or pyriproxyfen.

A number of non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors, such as alkyl halides such as methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; Or chloropicrin; Or sulfuryl fluoride; Or Borax; Or satin.

Selective cocurrent feeding blockers such as pymetrozine; Or flonicamid.

Tick growth inhibitors such as clofentezine, hexythiazox and diflovidazine; Or ethoxazole.

Microbial disruptors of the mid-intestinal membrane of insects, for example Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies aizawai, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies Kurstaki, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis, and BT crop proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34/35Ab1.

Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, for example diafenthiuron; Or organotin acaricides such as azocyclotin, cyhexatin and fenbutatin oxide; Or propargite; Or tetradifon.

Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation through disruption of the proton gradient, for example chlorfenapyr, DNOC and sulfluramide.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, for example bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and thiosultap-sodium.

Type 0 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors, e.g. bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucicloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, nobiflumuron, teflu Benjuron and Triflumuron.

Inhibitors of type 1 chitin biosynthesis, for example buprofezin.

Moulting disruptors, eg cyromazine.

Ecdysone receptor agonists such as chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide.

Octopamine receptor agonists, for example Amitraz.

Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors such as hydramethylnon; Or acequinosyl; Or fluacrypyrim.

Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, for example METI acaricides such as fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad; Or Rotenone (Derris).

Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers such as indoxacarb; Or metaflumizone.

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, for example tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives, for example spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.

Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, for example phosphines such as aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide; Or cyanide.

Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, for example cyinopyrafen.

Lianodin receptor modulators, for example diamides, such as chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide.

Additional active ingredients of unknown or uncertain mode of action, for example amidoflumet, azadirachtin, benclothiaz, benzoximate, bifenazate, bromopropylate, kinomethionate, Cryolite, Cyantraniliprole (Ciazipyr), Cyflumetofen, Dicopol, Diflovidazine, Fluensulfone, Flufenerim, Flufiprole, Fluopyram, Fufenozide, Imidaclotiz, Iprodione , Pyridalyl, pyrifluquinazone, and iodomethane; Additional products based on Bacillus firmus (I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo) or one of the following known active compounds: 3-bromo-N-{2 -Bromo-4-chloro-6-[(1-cyclopropylethyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (WO2005 /077934), 4-{[(6-bromopyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115644), 4-{[ (2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6 -Chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) Methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-chlor-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl) Methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115643), 4-{[(5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino }Furan-2(5H)-one (known from WO2007/115646), 4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H )-One (known from WO2007/115643), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (EP-A-0 539 588 ), 4-{[(6-chlorpyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known from EP-A-0 539 588), {[1 -(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ4-sulfanylidene}cyanamide (known from WO2007/149134) and parts thereof Isomer {[(1R)-1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ4-sulfanylidene}cyanamide (A) and {[(1S)-1-(6 -Chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxido-λ4-sulfanylidene}cyanamide (B) (also known from WO2007/149134), as well as from sulfoxaflor (WO2007/149134) ) And its diastereomers [(R)-methyl(oxido){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide ( A1) and [(S)-methyl(oxido){(1S)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide (A2) ( Referred to as diastereomer group A) (known from WO2010/074747, WO2010/074751), [(R)-methyl(oxido){(1S)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine- 3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide (B1) and [(S)-methyl(oxido){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl ]Ethyl}-λ4-sulfanylidene]cyanamide (B2) (referred to as diastereomer group B) (also known from WO2010/074747, WO2010/074751), and 11-(4-chloro-2,6 -Dimethylphenyl)-12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-11-en-10-one (known from WO2006/089633), 3-(4 '-Fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one (known from WO2008/067911 ), 1-{2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4 -Triazol-5-amine (known from WO2006/043635), [(3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-6,12-dihydroxy-4 ,12b-dimethyl-11-oxo-9-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-2H,11H-benzo[f] Pyrano[4,3-b] Chromen-4-yl]methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate (known from WO2008/066153), 2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO2006/056433) ), 2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO2006/100288), 2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N-ethylbenzene Sulfonamide (known from WO2005/035486), 4-(difluoromethoxy)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-1,2-benzothiazol-3-amine 1,1-dioxide (from WO2007/057407 Known), N-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (WO2008 /104503), {1'-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-fluorospiro[indole-3,4'-pi Peridine]-1(2H)-yl}(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)methanone (known from WO2003/106457), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8- Methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-one (known from WO2009/049851), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-oxo -1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (known from WO2009/049851), 4-(but-2-yn-1-yloxy)-6- (3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine (known from WO2004/099160), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro Pentyl) (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) malononitrile (known from WO2005/063094), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) (3 ,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)malononitrile (known from WO2005/063094), 8-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]- 3-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridazin-3-yl]-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane (known from WO2007/040280), 2-ethyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl -6-[(2,2,3,3-tetraple Luoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)oxy]quinolin-4-yl methyl carbonate (known from JP2008/110953), 2-ethyl-7-methoxy -3-Methyl-6-[(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)oxy]quinolin-4-yl acetate (JP 2008/110953), PF1364 (CAS-registration number 1204776-60-2) (known from JP2010/018586), 5-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl )-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (known from WO2007/075459), 5-[5-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-(1H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (known from WO2007/075459), 4-[5-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5- Dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-{2-oxo-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl}benzamide (WO2005/ 085216), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one, 4-{[(6- Chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) Methyl](ethyl)amino}-1,3-oxazol-2(5H)-one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}-1,3-oxazole -2(5H)-one (all known from WO2010/005692), NNI-0711 (known from WO2002096882), 1-acetyl-N-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexa Fluoro-2-methoxypropan-2-yl)-3-isobutylphenyl]-N-isobutyryl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (known from WO2002096882), Methyl 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-chloro-3-methyl Benzoyl]-2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO2005/085216), methyl 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole -5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO2005/085216), methyl 2-[2-({[3-bro Mo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl]-2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (WO2005 /085216), methyl 2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl ]Carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-1,2-diethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO2005/085216), methyl 2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo- 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzoyl]-2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO2005/085216), (5RS,7RS ;5RS,7SR)-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxyimidazo[ 1,2-a]pyridine (known from WO2007/101369), 2-{6-[2-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2 -Yl}pyrimidine (known from WO2010/006713), 2-{6-[2-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidine ( Known from WO2010/006713), 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5- (Trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO2010/069502), 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H -Pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO2010/069502), N-[2-(tert-butylcarbamoyl) -4-cyano-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H -Pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO2010/069502), N-[2-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-4-cyano-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridine- 2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO2010/069502), and (1E)-N-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-N'-cyano-N-(2,2-difluoroethyl)ethanimideamide (known from WO2008/009360) .

Micronutrients and micronutrients-containing compounds:

In the context of the present invention, micronutrients and micronutrient-containing compounds refer to compounds selected from the group consisting of active ingredients containing one or more metal ions selected from the group consisting of zinc, manganese, molybdenum, iron and copper or micronutrients boron. will be. More preferably, these micronutrients and micronutrient-containing compounds are zinc-containing compounds propineb, polyoxin Z (zinc salt), zineb, ziram, zinc thiodazole, zinc naphthenate and mancozeb (manganese). Also contains), manganese containing compounds maneb, metiram and mancoffer (also containing copper), iron containing compounds ferbam, copper (Cu) and copper containing compounds bordeaux mixture, burgundy mixture, chesshunt mixture , Copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, basic copper sulfate (e.g., tribasic copper sulfate), copper oxide, copper octanoate, copper hydroxide, auxin-copper, copper ammonium acetate, copper naphthenate, copper chelated (e.g., amino acid Chelate), mancoper, acifetax-coper, copper acetate, basic copper carbonate, copper oleate, copper silicate, copper zinc chromate, cupraneb, cuprobam, cysentong, and thiodiazole-copper, and their It is selected from the group consisting of combinations.

Although the combination according to the invention may be the composition itself, in general the final use composition comprises compound (A) as a member of the group of host defense inducers selected from (B1) tiadinil and probenazole, and (B2) iso Mixing with at least one compound (B) selected from the group comprising members of the group of other fungicides selected from pyrazam and propiconazole, and an inert carrier, and if necessary, a surfactant and/or another formulation adjuvant, such as a bulking agent. And formulating the combination into oil formulations, emulsifiable concentrates, flowable formulations, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, powders, granules and the like. Formulations used alone or by adding another inactive ingredient can be used as insecticides.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition is prepared by mixing a synergistically effective combination according to the invention with a bulking agent, a surfactant or a combination thereof.

Specific additional components of this final composition are described later.

Compounds as described above (A) and (B1) a member of the group of host defense inducers selected from tiadinil and probenazole, and (B2) a member of the group of other fungicides selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole. After formulating at least one compound (B) selected from the containing group, a “composition” can be prepared by preparing a preparation or a diluted solution thereof.

For clarity, the combination comprises a member of the group of host defense inducers selected from compounds (A) and (B1) tiadinil and probenazole, and (B2) other fungicides selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole It refers to a physical combination of at least one compound (B) selected from the group comprising members of the group, while the composition refers to such combination and further additives such as surfactants, solvents, carriers, pigments, antifoams, thickeners and extenders. It means a combination of a form suitable for agricultural use.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a composition for controlling harmful microorganisms, particularly harmful fungi and bacteria, comprising an effective but non-phytotoxic amount of the combination of the present invention. Preferably it is a fungicidal composition comprising auxiliaries, solvents, carriers, surfactants or extenders suitable for agricultural use.

In the context of the present invention, the control of "harmful microorganisms" is a reduction in the prevalence of harmful microorganisms compared to untreated plants as measured as fungicidal efficacy, preferably 25-100% compared to untreated plants (100%). To be reduced by, more preferably by 40-100% compared to untreated plants (100%), even more preferably, the infection of harmful microorganisms is completely inhibited (by 70-100%). The control may be curative, ie for the treatment of already infected plants, or may be protective for the protection of plants that have not yet been infected.

"Effective but not phytotoxic amount" refers to the amount of the composition of the present invention that is sufficient to control the fungal disease of the plant in a satisfactory manner or to completely eradicate the fungal disease and at the same time do not cause any significant phytotoxic symptoms. it means. In general, this application rate can vary over a relatively wide range. It depends on several factors, for example the fungi to be controlled, the plant, the climatic conditions and the components of the composition of the invention.

The invention also relates to a method for controlling plant pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting the plant pathogenic microorganisms or their habitat, including fungi and bacteria, with the compositions described above.

Additionally, the present invention relates to a method of treating seeds comprising contacting the seeds with the compositions described above. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the seeds are treated with component (A) at the same time as they are treated with component(s) (B). According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the seeds are treated with component (A) at a different time than the time with component(s) (B).

Finally, the invention also relates to seeds treated with the above-mentioned composition.

Formulation

Suitable organic solvents include all polar and non-polar organic solvents generally used for formulation purposes. Preferred solvents are ketones such as methyl-isobutyl-ketone and cyclohexanone, amides such as dimethyl formamide and alkanecarboxylic acid amides such as N,N-dimethyl decanamide and N,N-dimethyl octaneamide , Cyclic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-pyrrolidone, N-dodecyl-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-caprolactam, N-dodecyl-caprolactam and butyro Lactones, strongly polar solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylol, Solvesso™, mineral oils such as white spirit, petroleum, alkyl benzene and spindle oil, Esters, such as propylene glycol-monomethyl ether acetate, dibutyl adipic acid, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, tri-n-butyl citric acid and di-n-butyl phthalic acid, and alcohols such as Benzyl alcohol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol.

According to the invention, the carrier is a natural or synthetic organic or inorganic substance which is mixed with the active ingredient for better applicability, in particular for application to plants or plant parts or seeds. Carriers, which may be solid or liquid, are generally inert and should be suitable for agricultural use.

Useful solid or liquid carriers include, for example, ammonium salts and natural rocks such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and synthetic rocks such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural or Synthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols, especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral and vegetable oils, and derivatives thereof. Combinations of such carriers may also be used.

Suitable solid fillers and carriers are inorganic particles, for example carbonates, silicates, sulfates and oxides of an average particle size of 0.005 to 20 μm, preferably 0.02 to 10 μm, for example ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea, Plant products such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, so-called particulate silica, silica gel, natural or synthetic silicates, and aluminosilicates, and grain flour, wood flour/sawdust and cellulose powder. Include.

Useful solid carriers for granules are, for example, crushed and fractionated natural rock meals such as calcite, marble, pumice, meerschaum, dolomite, and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and sawdust, coconut husks, corn cobs and tobacco stalks. It contains granules of organic material such as.

Useful liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are liquids that are gaseous under standard temperature and standard pressure, such as aerosol propellants such as halohydrocarbons, butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

In formulations, tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose, and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latex, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or alternatively natural phospholipids such as cephalin and lecithin, and synthetic Phospholipids can be used. Additional additives can be mineral and vegetable oils.

When the extender used is water, it is also possible to use, for example, an organic solvent as a co-solvent. Useful liquid solvents are essentially aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalene, chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, chloroethylene or dichloromethane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, minerals And vegetable oils, alcohols such as butanol or glycol and ethers and esters thereof, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and water.

The composition of the present invention may further comprise additional components, for example surfactants. Useful surfactants are emulsifiers and/or foam formers, dispersants or wetting agents that have ionic or nonionic nature, or combinations of these surfactants. Examples of these include salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of lignosulfonic acid, salts of phenolsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonic acid, polycondensates of ethylene oxide and fatty alcohols or fatty acids or fatty amines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or aryls Phenol), salts of sulfosuccinic acid esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), polyethoxylated alcohols or phosphoric acid esters of phenol, fatty esters of polyols, and derivatives of compounds containing sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates , For example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulfonates, alkylsulfates, arylsulfonates, protein hydrolysates, lignosulfite waste liquors and methylcellulose. The presence of a surfactant is required when one of the active ingredients and/or one of the inert carriers is insoluble in water and when the application is made in water. The proportion of surfactant is 5 to 40% by weight of the composition of the present invention.

Suitable surfactants (adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants, protective colloids, wetting agents and adhesives) are all conventional ionic and non-ionic substances, for example ethoxylated nonylphenols, polyalkylene glycol ethers of linear or branched alcohols, Reaction product of alkyl phenol with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, reaction product of fatty acid amine with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, fatty acid ester, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkyl ether Phosphates, arylsulfates, ethoxylated arylalkylphenols such as tristyryl-phenol-ethoxylates, ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols such as sulfated or phosphated arylalkylphenol-ethoxylates and- Ethoxy- and -propoxylate. Further examples are natural and synthetic water-soluble polymers such as lignosulfonates, gelatin, gum arabic, phospholipids, starch, hydrophobically modified starch and cellulose derivatives, in particular cellulose esters and cellulose ethers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and a copolymer of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid ester, and a copolymer of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid ester neutralized with an alkali metal hydroxide, and It is a condensation product of an optionally substituted naphthalene sulfonic acid and formaldehyde.

Dyes such as inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and micronutrients such as iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum And salts of zinc can be used.

Antifoaming agents that may be present in the formulation include, for example, silicone emulsions, long chain alcohols, fatty acids and salts thereof, as well as fluoroorganic substances and combinations thereof.

Examples of thickeners are polysaccharides such as xanthan gum or non-gum, silicates such as attapulgite, bentonite, as well as particulate silica.

Other additional ingredients may be present, if appropriate, such as protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic substances, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestering agents, complexing agents. In general, these active ingredients can be combined with any solid or liquid additive conventionally used for formulation purposes.

The combinations or compositions of the invention may be used as such, or according to their specific physical and/or chemical properties, in the form of their formulations or use forms prepared therefrom, such as aerosols, capsule suspensions, cold-fog concentrates, hot-fog concentrates, Encapsulated granules, fine granules, flowable concentrates for seed treatment, ready-to-use solutions, dusty powders, emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, macrogranules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil-miscible Flowable concentrates, oil-miscible liquids, gases (pressurized), gaseous products, foams, pastes, insecticide coated seeds, suspension concentrates, suspension-emulsion concentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble Powders, dusts and granules, water-soluble and water-dispersible granules or tablets, water-soluble and water-dispersible powders for seed treatment, wettable powders, natural products and synthetic materials impregnated with active compounds, and microcapsules and seed coating materials in polymeric materials, and ULV It can be used in cold- and hot-fog formulations.

The compositions of the present invention also include commercial concentrates that must be diluted with water prior to use, as well as formulations that are already ready for use and can be applied to plants or seeds using suitable devices. Conventional applications are, for example, dilution in water and then spraying of the resulting spray, dilution in oil and application, direct application without dilution, seed treatment, or granulation to the soil.

The combinations, compositions and formulations of the present invention generally contain from 0.05 to 99% by weight, from 0.01 to 98% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 90% of the active ingredient, most preferably 10 To 70% by weight. For special applications, for example for the protection of wood and wood products derived therefrom, the combinations, compositions and formulations of the invention generally have an activity of 0.0001 to 95% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 60% by weight. Contains ingredients.

The content of the active ingredient in the form of application prepared from the formulation can vary widely. The concentration of the active ingredient in the application form is generally 0.000001 to 95% by weight, preferably 0.0001 to 2% by weight.

The formulations mentioned are, for example, one or more customary bulking agents, solvents or diluents, adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants and/or binders or fixing agents, wetting agents, water repellents, drying agents, if appropriate, in a manner known per se and UV stabilizers, and if appropriate, dyes and pigments, antifoams, preservatives, inorganic and organic thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins, and additional processing aids, and can also be prepared by mixing with water. Depending on the type of formulation to be prepared, additional processing steps may be required, for example wet grinding, dry grinding and granulation.

Combinations or compositions of the invention may be used as such, or in their (commercial) formulations, and in the form of use prepared from such formulations of other (known) active ingredients, such as insecticides, attractants, disinfectants, bactericides, acaricides. , Nematocidal agents, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers, safeners and/or signaling chemicals.

Treatment of the plants and plant parts of the invention with a combination or composition can be done either directly or by action on its periphery, habitat or storage space by customary treatment methods, e.g. immersion, spraying, spraying, irrigation, evaporation. , By dusting, misting, spraying, foaming, painting, application, irrigation (drenching), trickle drenching, and also in the case of propagation materials, especially seeds, dry seed treatment, wet seed treatment, slurry treatment, sheathing, 1 pc. It is implemented by coating with the above coat or the like. It is also possible to use the combination or composition by micro-volume method, or to inject the combination or composition formulation or combination or composition itself into the soil.

Plant/crop protection

The combinations or compositions of the present invention have strong microbial activity and can be used for the control of harmful microorganisms such as phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria in crop protection and material protection.

The invention also relates to a method for controlling harmful microorganisms, characterized in that the combination or composition of the invention is applied to phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria and/or their habitat.

Fungicides can be used in crop protection for the control of phytopathogenic fungi. This is especially true of Plasmodiophoromycetes , Peronosporomycetes (Synonyms: Oomycetes ), Chytridiomycetes , Zygomycetes , and Ascomycetes . Ascomycetes ), Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes (Synonym: Fungi imperfecti ) is characterized by remarkable efficacy against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi, including soil pathogens that are members of the class. . Some fungicides are systemically active and can be used in plant protection as foliar, seed dressings or soil fungicides. It is also suitable for combating fungi, which are particularly prevalent in the roots of wood or plants.

The xanthophylls monada Seah (Xanthomonadaceae), the pseudo monada year olds in (Pseudomonadaceae), Lee Jovi Asia (Rhizobiaceae), on the Enterococcus bacteria Seah (Enterobacteriaceae), the Seah Cory four bacteria (Corynebacteriaceae) and streptomycin to fine other Seah (Streptomycetaceae) Bactericides can be used in the protection of crops for the control of blood.

Non-limiting examples of pathogens of fungal diseases that can be treated according to the invention include:

Powdery mildew pathogens, for example Blumeria species, for example Blumeria graminis ; Podosphaera species, for example Podosphaera podosphaera leucotricha ); Sphaerotheca species, for example Sphaerotheca sphaerotheca fuliginea ); Diseases caused by Uncinula species, for example Uncinula necator ;

Rust pathogens, for example Gymnosporangium species, for example Gymnosporangium sabinae ( Gymnosporangium sabinae ); Hemileia species, for example Hemileia basstatrix vastatrix ); Phakopsora species, for example Phakopsora Phakopsora pachyrhizi ) and Phakopsora meibomiae ; Puccinia species, for example Puccinia recondite , P. P. triticina , p. Graminis ( P. graminis ) or blood. P. striiformis ; Mrs right (Uromyces) species, for example, Mrs. Oh right Fendi Kula Tooth disease caused by (Uromyces appendiculatus);

Fungi, for example Albugo species, for example Albugo Candida candida ); Bremia species, for example Bremia lactucae ( Bremia lactucae ); Peronospora species, for example Peronospora fish ( Peronospora) pisi ) or blood. To Brassica (P. brassicae); Phytophthora species, for example Phytophthora infestans ; Plasmopara species, for example Plasmopara viticola viticola ); Pseudoperonospora species, for example Pseudoperonospora humuli ) or Pseudoperonospora cubensis ); Diseases caused by pathogens from the group of Pythium species, for example Pythium ultimum ;

For example Alternaria species, for example Alternaria solani ; Cercospora species, for example Cercospora beticola ; Cladiosporium species, for example Cladiosporium cladiosporium cucumerinum ); Cochliobolus species, for example Cochliobolus sativa sativus ) (conidia form: Drechslera, synonym: Helminthosporium), Cochliobolus miyabeanus ); Colletotrichum species, for example Colletotrichum lindemuthanium ; Cycloconium species, for example Cycloconium oleaginum ( Cycloconium oleaginum ); Diaporthe species, for example Diaporthe citri ( Diaporthe citri ); Elsinoe species, for example Elsinoe faucetii fawcettii ); Gloeosporium species, for example Gloeosporium raeticolor ( Gloeosporium laeticolor ); Glomerella species, for example Glomerella singulata cingulata ); Guignardia species, for example Guignardia bidwelli ; Repto Spa Area (Leptosphaeria) species, such as spa repto Area makul lance (Leptosphaeria maculans), repto Spa Area surf room (Leptosphaeria nodorum ); Magnaporthe species, for example Magnaporthe grisea ; Microdochium species, for example Microdochium nivale ; Mycosphaerella species, for example Mycosphaerella graminicola ( Mycosphaerella graminicola ), M. Arachidicola and M. M. fijiensis ; Paeosphaeria species, for example Phaeosphaeria nodorum ; Pyrenophora species, for example Pyrenophora teres , Pyrenophora tritici repentis ( Pyrenophora) tritici repentis ); Ramularia species, for example Ramularia colo- signi collo - cygni ), Ramularia areola ; Rhynchosporium species, for example Rhynchosporium cecalis secalis ); Septoria species, for example Septoria apii , Septoria lycopersii ; Typhula species, for example Typhula incarnata ; Bento Ria (Venturia) species, for example, due to Ku Alice (Venturia inaequalis) in Bento Leah and leaf blight and leaf wilt;

For example Corticium species, for example Corticium graminearum ; Fusarium (Fusarium) species, such as Fusarium oxy sports rooms (Fusarium oxysporum); Gaeumannomyces species, for example Gaeumannomyces graminis ); Li Estonian (Rhizoctonia) species, such as for example Li Estonian solani (Rhizoctonia solani ); Sarocladium disease caused for example by Sarocladium oryzae ; For example, bus Clermont Clermont Loti Loti's help (Sclerotium) diseases caused by the helpful duck characters (Sclerotium oryzae); Tapesia species, for example Tapesia acuformis ; Tea Ella pray System (Thielaviopsis) species, for example, Tea Ella pray Cola System Bridge (Thielaviopsis basicola) due to the roots and stem disease;

For example Alternaria species, for example Alternaria species; Aspergillus species, for example Aspergillus flavus ( Aspergillus flavus ); Cladosporium species, for example Cladosporium cladosporioides ; Claviceps species, for example Claviceps purpurea purpurea ); Fusarium species, for example Fusarium culmorum ; Gibberella species, for example Gibberella zeae ; Monographella species, for example Monographella nivalis ; Ear and cone diseases (including corn cob) due to Septoria species, for example Septoria nodorum ;

Blight fungi, for example Sphacelotheca species, for example Sphacelotheca sphacelotheca reiliana ); Tilletia species, for example Tilletia caries , T. T. controversa ; Urocystis species, for example Urocystis occulta ); Ustilago species, for example Ustilago nuda nuda ), u. Diseases caused by U. nuda tritici ;

For example Aspergillus species, for example Aspergillus flavus; Botrytis species, for example Botrytis cinerea cinerea ); Penny room Solarium (Penicillium) species, such as penny room Solarium X pansum (Penicillium expansum) and blood. Darfur genum furosemide (P. purpurogenum); Sclerotinia species, for example Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ; Bell tisil Solarium (Verticilium) species, for example, error due to Bell tisil Solarium albo ahteurum (Verticilium alboatrum) rot;

For example Alternaria species, for example Alternaria brassici cola; Aphanomyces species, for example Aphanomyces euteiches ; Ascochyta species, for example Ascochyta lentis ; Aspergillus species, for example Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species, for example Cladosporium herbarum ; Cochliobolus species, for example Cocliobolus sativas; (Conidia form: Drekslera, Bipolaris, synonym: Helmintosporium); Colletotrichum species, for example Colletotrichum coccodes ; Fusarium species, for example Fusarium coulmorum; Gibberella species, for example Gibberella Zeae; Macrophomina species, for example Macrophomina paseolina phaseolina ); Monographella species, for example Monographella nivalis; Penicillium species, for example Penicillium expansum; Phoma species, for example Phoma lingam ); Four heavily's (Phomopsis) species, such as (Phomopsis sojae) in the Pho heavily scan element; Phytophthora species, for example Phytophthora cactorum ; Pyrenophora species, for example Pyrenophora graminea ; Pyricularia species, for example Pyricularia oryzae ; Pitium species, for example Pitium Ultimum; Rhizoctonia species, for example Rhizoctonia solani; Rhizopus species, for example Rhizopus oryzae ; Sclerotium species, for example Sclerotium rolfsii ; Septoria species, for example Septoria nodorum; Tipula species, for example Tipula incarnata; Bell tisil Leeum (Verticillium) species, for example, Berger tisil Leeum is spilling ah (Verticillium dahliae) and seed rot Saturday benign, caused by the fungal disease, wilt, rot and damping-off;

Blight disease, lump disease and broom disease caused for example by Nectria species, for example Nectria galligena ;

Wilt disease caused for example by Monilinia species, for example Monilinia laxa ;

For example Exobasidium species, for example Exobasidium vexans ;

Taphrina spp., for example, taphrina deformans , caused by foliar or curled leaves;

For example, Phaemoniella Chlamydospora ( Phaemoniella clamydospora ), Paeoacremonium , Phaeoacremonium aleophilum ) and Fomitiporia mediterranea (Esca disease); Eutypa blight caused for example by Eutypa lata ; Ganoderma disease caused for example by Ganoderma boninense ; For example, Rigidoporus lignosus lignosus ) caused by Rigidoporus disease caused by woody plant decline disease;

Diseases of flowers and seeds, for example caused by botrytis species, for example botrytis cinerea;

For example the Lizoktonian species, for example the Lizoctonia solani; Diseases of plant tubers caused by Helmintosporium species, for example Helminthosporium solani ;

Root lump disease caused for example by Plasmodiophora species, for example Plamodiophora brassicae ;

Bacterial pathogens, for example Xanthomonas spp., for example Xanthomonas campestris pathogen variant Orizae ( Xanthomonas campestris pv . oryzae ); Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas) species, such as pathogen strains Pseudomonas siringa easier Riemann's (Pseudomonas syringae pv . lachrymans ); El Winiah (Erwinia) species, for example, look to Toulon Winiah amyl diseases caused by (Erwinia amylovora).

Phytopathogenic bacteria, especially in apples, bananas, citrus, kiwi, melon, peaches, pears, pineapples, pomegranate, pomegranate, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumbers, gourds, tomatoes, potatoes, wheat, rice and soybeans. Examples are as follows:

Know walk flux Abbe or subspecies sheet rulri (Acidovorax avena subsp. Citrulli), Agrobacterium Tome Pacific Enschede (Agrobacterium tumefaciens), ahpe is Koh des plastic is (Aphelanchoides fragariae), the RIA Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), Freiburg Burkholderia spec. , Burkholderia glumae , Candidatus Liberibacter spec. , Clavibacter michiganensis , Clavibacter michiganensis norbornene cis subspecies micro the norbornene system (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), Cloud thinning Terre micro the norbornene system subspecies Te Cellar Julius (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. tessellarius), Cloud thinning Terre micro the norbornene system subspecies sepe Doni kusu (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Sepedonicus ), Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis , Clavibacter iranicus , Clavibacter tritici , Corynebacterium facians (Corynebacterium fascians), Corynebacterium Plastic glutamicum Pacific Enschede pathogen strains Plastic glutamicum Pacific Enschede (Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens), Corynebacterium micro the nenseu (Corynebacterium michiganense), Corynebacterium micro the nenseu pathogen strains tree T Si ( Corynebacterium michiganense pv. tritici ), Corynebacterium misiganense pathogen variant Nebraskens ( Corynebacterium m ichiganense pv. nebraskense ), Corynebacterium sepedonicum , Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv.Flaccumfaciens , Enterobacter dissolvens , Erwinia ( Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. Erwinia ) subspecies, Erwinia amylovora , Erwinia ananas , Erwinia carotovora , Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica , El Winiah Caro sat see subspecies Caro sat see (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora), El Winiah Cri acid temi (Erwinia chrysanthemi), El Winiah Cri acid temi pathogen strains Jea in (Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. Zeae), El Winiah disol Bence (Erwinia dissolvens), El Winiah Herzegovina non-cola (Erwinia herbicola), El Winiah La pontik (Erwinia rhapontic), El Winiah stereo and Lti this (Erwinia stewartiii), El Winiah Tribe K Pilar (Erwinia tracheiphila), El Winiah look thunderous also (Erwinia uredovora ), Pantoea agglomerans , Pectobacterium carotovorum , Pectobacterium carotovorum subspecies Atrosepticum ( Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.atrosepticum ), Pectobacterium Carotovorum subspecies Carotovorum ( Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum ), Pectobacterium chrysanthemi ), Pseudomonas andropogonis , Pseudomonas avenae subsp. avenae), Pseudomonas nose Lugar other (Pseudomonas corrugata), Pseudomonas fluorescein sense (Pseudomonas fluorescens), Pseudomonas article Luma (Pseudomonas glumae), Pseudomonas crispus (Pseudomonas fuscovaginae Cobar machine or) Pseudomonas dry lease date (Pseudomonas marginalis), Pseudomonas Marginalis pathogen variant Marginalis ( Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis ), Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes , Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp. Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp. ciareudomonas solanaces solanacemonas ), Pseudomonas siringa (Pseudomonas syringae), the pathogen strains actinoids Pseudomonas siringa is (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae), a pathogen strains art Pseudomonas siringa Pacific Enschede (Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens), pathogen strains Pseudomonas siringa corona Pacifico Ens ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens ), Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea , Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea , Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans , a pathogen variant Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola), when the pathogen strains registry Apa Pseudomonas siringa Enschede (Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens), (Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae pathogens Pseudomonas strains siringa siringa) coating damage in the kiwi fruit], Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant tomato ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato), pathogen strains Pseudomonas siringa other Bassi (Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tabaci), Central Stony Oh Solana Seah Room (Ralstonia solanacearum), called Tai Park Hotel Tree Tea City (Rathayibacter tritici), also co Coos Pacific Alliance (Rhodococcus fascians ), spiro plasma Kuhn kelriyi (Spiroplasma kunkelii), streptomycin MRS (Streptomyces) species, Streptomyces MRS Scar ratio A (Streptomyces scabiei), streptomycin MRS Scar bieseu (Streptomyces scabies), streptomycin MRS ah CD Scar bieseu (Streptomyces acidiscabies), streptomycin Mrs. Streptomyces turgidiscabies , Xanthomonas species, Xanthomonas axonopodis , Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogen variant citri ( Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri ), large Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines , Xanthomonas campestris , Xanthomonas campestris , Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae , Xanthomonas campestris pv. Santo Pseudomonas Kam paste less pathogenic strains sheet base marshmallow (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo), Xanthomonas Kam paste less pathogenic strains sheet Lee (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri), Xanthomonas Kam paste less pathogenic variants glyceryl Ness (Xanthomonas campestris pv glycines ), Xanthomonas campestris pv. Holcicola ), Xanthomonas campestris disease Protozoa Malvasearum ( Xanthomonas campestris pv. Malvacearum), Xanthomonas Calm Fest lease pathogen strains Musa Seah Room (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Musacearum), Xanthomonas Calm Fest lease pathogen strains programs Rooney (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Pruni), Xanthomonas Calm Fest lease pathogen strains Cuckoo Le Vitae ( Xanthomonas campestris pv. cucurbitae ), Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria , Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens , Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens ), Xanthomonas campestris pv. Monas campestris pathogen variant Oryzae ( Xanthomonas campestris pv.Oryzae ), Xanthomonas fragariae ( Xanthomonas fragariae ), Xanthomonas oryzae ( Xanthomonas oryzae ), Xanthomonas oryzae pathogen variant Oryzae the (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae), Xanthomonas duck sleeping on the pathogen strains originality cola (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzicola), Xanthomonas trans Lou sense (Xanthomonas translucens), Xanthomonas trans Lou sense pathogen strains trans Lou sense ( Xanthomonas translucens pv. Translucens ), Xylella fastidiosa , Acidovorax avenae , Burkholderia species, Burkholderia Glumae , Candidatus riberbacter species, Cory Nebacterium ( Corynebacterium ), Erwinia species, Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant Actinidae, Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant Glycinea, Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant Tomato, Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant Rakrrimans Mrs. species, xanthomonas species, xanthomo Nas Axonopodis, Xanthomonas Axonopodis pathogen variant Citri, Xanthomonas Axonopodis pathogen variant Glycines, Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas campestris Pathogen variant Musase Arum, C Santomonas campestris pathogen variant Pruni, Xanthomonas pragarae and Xanthomonas translucens.

The following harmful bacterial organisms can be preferably controlled: acidoborax avenae, burgholderia spp., burgholderia glumae, candidatus riveribacter spp., Corynebacterium, Erwinia spp., Erwinia. Amylobora, Erwinia Carotovora, Erwinia Carotovora subspecies Atroceptica, Erwinia Carotovora subspecies Carotovora, Erwinia Crisantemi, Erwinia Chrysanthemi Pathogen Variants Zeae, Erwinia Herr Vicola, Erwinia Stewartii, Erwinia Uredovora, Pseudomonas Syringae, Pseudomonas Syringae Pathogen Variant Actinidae, Pseudomonas Syringa Pathogen Variant Glycinea, Pseudomonas Syringa Pathogen Variant Tomato, Pseudomonas Syringa Laclimans, Streptomyces species, Xanthomonas species, Xanthomonas axonopodis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogen variant Citri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogen variant Glycines, Xanthomonas campest Rhys, Xanthomonas campestris pathogen variant Musasearum, Xanthomonas campestris pathogen variant Pruni, Xanthomonas pragarae and Xanthomonas translucens.

The following harmful bacterial organisms can be preferably controlled in the following crops: acido borax avenae and/or burgholderia glumae in rice, Candidatus riberibacter species and/or xantho in citrus fruits. Monas axonopodis pathogen variant Citri, Pseudomonas syringa in kiwi, pathogen variant Actinidae, Xanthomonas campestris and/or Xanthomonas campestris pathogen variant Pruni, Pseudomonas syringa in soybeans Pathogen variant Glycinea and/or Xanthomonas Axonopodis pathogen variant Glycines, Burgholderia spp. and/or Xanthomonas translucens in cereals, Pseudomonas syringae in tomatoes, Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variants Tomato and/or Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas syringae and/or Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant Lacrimans on cucumbers, Erwinia atroceptica on potatoes, Erwinia caratovora and/or Streptomyces scar BS.

The following soybean diseases can be preferably controlled:

For example, Alternaria spotting ( Alternaria spec. atrans tenuissima )), anthrax (Coletotrichum Gloeosporoides dematium variant Tronkatum ( Coletotrichum)) gloeosporoidesdematium var. truncatum )), brown spot (Septaria glycines) glycines )), Cercospora spot and leaf blight ( Cercospora kikuchii)), four cores Fora leaf blight (cores of four Fora pundi disadvantage Blow Fora tris (Choanephora trispora infundibulifera) (synonyms)), Doc tulrioh Fora (Dactuliophora) jeommunuibyeong (Doc tulrioh Fora glycidyl Sines (Dactuliophora glycines )), downy mildew ( Peronospora manshurica ), Drechslera blight ( Drechslera glycini ), bean spot blight ( Cercospora sojina) )), Leva on Saturday sPA rules Lina (Leptosphaerulina) jeommunuibyeong (Lev sat spa rule Lena teuripolriyi (Leptosphaerulina trifolii)), Pillows urticae (Phyllosticta) jeommunuibyeong (coke on Pillows urticae element (Phyllosticta sojaecola )), sunspot disease (for pomopsis ), powdery mildew ( Microsphaera) diffusa)), on the other Pierre noka (pyrenochaeta) jeommunuibyeong (to Pierre noka other glycidyl Sines (Pyrenochaeta glycines )), Lizoktonia terrestrial, leaf and spider web blight ( Rhizoktonia solani ), rust ( Pakosora Pachyridge, Pakosora maybomiae ), Red fungus ( Sphaceloma glycines )) , Stemphylium (Stemphylium) leaf blight ( Stemphylium botryosum ( Stemphylium botryosum )), brown blotch ( Corynespora cassiicola ) caused by fungal diseases on leaves, stems, pods and seeds.

For example, black root rot (in the neck with a knife Chroma Tria talrariah (Calonectria crotalariae)), anthrax (Macro breeches and Pace olrina (Macrophomina phaseolina )), Fusarium blight or wilt disease, root rot, and pod and branch rot (Fusarium oxysporum , Fusarium orthosera) orthoceras), Fusarium semi tektum (Fusarium semitectum), Fusarium ekwi Shetty (Fusarium equiseti)), Mykolaiv repto disk Syracuse (mycoleptodiscus) root rot (Mykolaiv repto display Coos te rest leases (Mycoleptodiscus terrestris)), Neocosmospora (neocosmospora) (Neocosmospora Basin pekta (Neocosmospora vasinfecta)), black spot disease (dia Forte Pace room to come (Diaporthe phaseolorum)), stem bundling bottles (Room strains with Dia Forte Pace come Cowley Bora (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora)) , blood Saratov Torah rot (P Saratov Torah Mega Fermat's (Phytophthora megasperma)), brown stem rot (Fora to its PR regatta (Phialophora gregata)), Petey help Rot (Petey help you hurts der matum (Pythium aphanidermatum), Petey Umm seven caves Laredo (Pythium irregulare), Pitti help Deva Ria num (Pythium debaryanum), Pitti help advance O tilrum (Pythium myriotylum ), Pitium ultimum ), Rizoktonia root rot, stem decay and mojalok disease (Rhizoktonia solani), Sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotini sclerotiorum), Sclerotinia white dog (S. Sclerotinia rolfsii )), a fungal disease on the roots and stem bases caused by Thiellabiopsis root rot (Thielabiopsis basicola).

The fungicidal mixture or composition of the present invention can be used for the therapeutic or protective/prophylactic control of phytopathogenic fungi. Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a method for the therapeutic and protective control of phytopathogenic fungi by using the mixture or composition of the present invention applied to a seed, plant or plant part, fruit or soil in which the plant is grown.

The fact that the mixture or composition is well tolerated by the plants at the required concentration to control plant diseases allows for the treatment of the above-ground parts of the plants, the propagation stems and seeds, and the soil.

plant

According to the present invention, all plants and plant parts can be treated. By plant is meant all plants and plant populations such as desirable or undesirable wild plants, cultivars and plant varieties, regardless of whether they are protectable by the plant variety or the rights of the plant breeder. Cultivation and plant varieties can be bioengineered or by conventional breeding and breeding methods, which one or more biotechnological methods, such as using double haploids, protoplast fusions, random and directed mutagenesis, using molecular or genetic markers, can assist or supplement them. And plants obtained by genetic engineering methods. Plant part means all aboveground and subterranean parts and organs of a plant such as growths, leaves, flowers and roots, whereby, for example, leaves, needles, stems, branches, flowers, fruits, fruits and seeds, as well as roots , The caliber and the near diameter are listed. Crops and vegetative and reproductive propagation materials such as cuttings, calibers, rhizomes, creepers and seeds also belong to plant parts.

The combination or composition of the present invention, when well tolerated by plants, has favorable warm-blooded toxicity, and when well tolerated by the environment, protects plants and plant organs, enhances harvest yield, It is suitable for improving quality. Preferably it can be used as a crop protection composition. It is generally active against sensitive and resistant species and against all or some stages of development.

Plants that can be treated according to the invention include the following major crop plants: corn, soybean, alfalfa, cotton, sunflower, Brassica oil seeds, such as Brassica napus. napus ) (eg canola, rapeseed), Brassica rapa , B. B. juncea (e.g. (wild) mustard) and Brassica carinata , Arecaceae species (e.g. oil palm, coconut), rice, wheat, sugar beet, sugar Sorghum, oats, rye, barley, millet and sorghum, rye, flax, nuts, grapes and lianas, and various fruits and vegetables from various plant taxa, such as the Rosaceae species (e.g. Classes such as apples and pears, as well as stone fruits such as apricots, cherries, almonds, plums and peaches, and berries such as strawberries, raspberries, red and blackcurrants and gooseberries), Ribesioidae spp., Juglandaceae ) Species, Betulaceae species, Anacardiaceae species, Fagaceae species, Moraceae species, Oleaceae species (e.g. Olive tree), Actinidaceae species, Lauraceae species (e.g. avocado, cinnamon, camphor), Musaceae species (e.g. banana trees and plantations), Rubiasea Rubiaceae species (e.g. coffee), Theaceae species (e.g. tea), Sterculiceae species, Rutaceae species (e.g. lemon, orange , Mandarin and grapefruit); Solanaceae species (e.g. tomato, potato, pepper, pepper, eggplant, tobacco), Liliaceae species, Compositae species (e.g. lettuce, artichoke and chicory -Including root chicory, endive or common chicory), Umbelliferae species (e.g. carrots, parsley, celery and celeryac), Cucurbitaceae species (e.g. cucumber (Gurkin (including gherkin), pumpkin, watermelon, gourd and melon), Alliaceae species (e.g. leek and onion), Cruciferae species (e.g. white cabbage, red Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprout, bok choy, kohlrabi, radish, horseradish, cress and cabbage), Leguminosae species (e.g. peanuts, peas, lentils and beans- For example kidney beans and bean beans), Chenopodiaceae species (e.g. beetroot , fodder beet, spinach, beetroot ), Linaceae species (e.g. hemp), Cannabeaceae ( Cannabeacea ) species (e.g. cannabis), Malvaceae species (e.g. okra, cocoa), Papaveraceae (e.g. poppy), Asparagaceae ( For example asparagus); Useful plants and ornamental plants in the garden and wood (turf, grass, grasses and woody Stevia lever Ana (Stevia rebaudiana )); And the genetically modified types of these plants in each case.

Soybean is a particularly preferred plant.

In particular, the mixtures and compositions according to the invention are suitable for controlling the following plant diseases:

Albugo species (white rust) on ornamental plants, vegetable crops (eg A. candida ) and sunflowers (eg A. tragopogonis ); Vegetables, rapeseed (eg A. brassicola or A. brassicae ), sugar beets (eg A. tenuis ), fruit, rice, soybean and potatoes (this example. solani (A. solani) or Avon. altereuna other (A. alternata)) and tomatoes (for this example. solani or A.. altereuna other) altereuna Ria (Alternaria) on Species (black spot, black spot), and Alternaria spp. in wheat (black head); Aphanomyces species on sugar beets and vegetables; Ascochyta species in cereals and vegetables, for example A. Tea Tree City (A. tritici) in this (ascorbic Kita leaf blight) and barley. A. hordei ; Bipolaris and Drechslera spp. (full generation: Cochliobolus spp.), e.g. spots on corn ( D. maydis and B. J. ( B. zeicola )), e.g. skin blight on cereals ( B. sorokiniana and B. oryzae on e.g. rice and grass); cereals (e.g. blue Almeria in the example wheat or barley) (Blumeria) (formerly Erie Príncipe (Erysiphe)) Gras mini-bus (graminis) (powdery mildew); boat Rio spa Area in grapevine (Botryosphaeria) species ( "black dead arm Black Dead Arm Disease') (e.g. B. obtusa ); berries and pome fruits (especially strawberries), vegetables (especially lettuce, carrots, celeryak and cabbage), rapeseed, Botrytis cinerea on flowers, grapevines, forest crops and wheat (ear fungus) cinerea ) (full generation: Botryotinia fuckeliana ): gray mold, gray rot); Bremia lactucae on lettuce lactucae ) (downy mildew); Ceratocystis on deciduous and coniferous trees (synonym Ophiostoma ) species (blue mold ), for example seeds on elm trees. C. ulmi (Dutch elm disease); Corn (eg C. zeae - maydis ), rice, sugar beet (eg C. beticola ), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (eg C. zeae - maydis ) For example, C. sojina or C. kikuchii ) and Cercospora spp. ( Cercospora spotted disease ) in rice; Tomatoes (eg C. fulvum : tomato leaf fungus) and Cladosporium species in cereals, eg seeds in wheat. C. herbarum (ear rot); Claviceps purpurea ( ergot disease) in cereals; Corn (eg C. carbonum ), cereals (eg C. sativus ), asexual generation: B. sorokiniana : skin blight) and rice ( E.g. C. miyabeanus , asexual generation: H. oryzae ) in Cocliobolus (asexual generation: Helmintosporium or bipolaris ) species (spotted disease) ); Cotton (eg C. gossypii ), corn (eg C. graminicola : stem rot and anthrax), berries, potatoes (eg C. cocodes ) C. coccodes ): wither ), soybeans (e.g. C. lindemuthianum ) and soybeans (e.g. C. truncatum ) Colletotrichum in soybeans (e.g. C. truncatum ) (Full generation: Glomerella ) species (Anthrax); Corticium species, for example seeds in rice. C. sasakii (leaf sheath blight); Corynespora casicola on soybeans and ornamental plants cassiicola ) ( spotted disease); Cycloconium species, for example seeds in olives. Oleaginum ( C. oleaginum ); Fruit trees, grapevines (e.g. C. liriodendri ), full-generation: Neonectria liriodendri ), black foot disease) and Cylindrocarpon species in a number of coronary waters (e.g. fruit tree bundling or black foot disease of grapevines, full generation: Nectria or Neoectria species); Dematophora on soybeans (full generation: Rosellinia ) necatrix (root/stem rot); Diaporthe species on soybeans, for example D. D. phaseolorum (stem disease); Corn, cereals, such as barley (eg D. teres , net blotch) and wheat (eg D. tritici-repentis : DTR spot ), Drekkslera ( syn . Helmintosporium spp., full generation: Pyrenophora ) spp. in rice and turf; Formitiporia (synonym Phellinus ) punctata, F. F. mediterranea , Paeomoniella Clamidospora ( Phaeomoniella) chlamydospora ) (formerly known as Paeoacremonium, Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum )), Paeoacremonium, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum) and / or boats Rio Spa Area of the projection (Botryosphaeria obtusa ), caused by Esca disease in grapevines (vine mojalok disease, apoplexia); Elsinoe ( E. pyri ) and berries ( E. veneta : anthrax) and also grapevines ( E. ampelina : anthrax) Elsinoe ) species; Entil in Rome duck chair in rice (Entyloma oryzae ) (leaf bloating disease); Epicoccum spp . in wheat ( black head disease); Beets ( E. betae ), vegetables (eg E. pisi ), such as cucumber species (eg E. cichoracearum ) and cabbage species Ericipe spp. (powdery mildew), for example in rapeseed (eg E. cruciferarum ); Utiparata in fruit trees , grapevines and many ornamental waters ( Utipa codosis or Mojalok disease, asexual generation: Cytosporina lata ), synonym Libertella bleparis blepharis ); Exserohilum ( syn . Helmintosporium ) species in corn (eg E. turcicum ); Fusarium (full generation: giverella) species (wilting disease, root and stem rot) on various plants, for example f on cereals (eg wheat or barley). F. graminearum or F. F. culmorum (root rot and silver-top), F on tomatoes. F. oxysporum , F in soybean. F. solani in (F. solani), and corn. F. verticillioides ; Gaeumannomyces graminis (blight) on cereals (eg wheat or barley) and corn; Gibberella species in cereals (eg G. zeae ) and rice (eg G. fujikuroi : kidney disease); Glomerella singulata on grapevines, pomegranate and other plants cingulata ) and paper from cotton. G. gossypii ; Grainstaining complex in rice; Guignardia bidwellii (black scabies ) on the grapevine ; Gymnosporangium species in Rosaceae and juniper, for example in boats. G. sabinae (pear rust); Helmintosporium spp. in corn, cereals and rice (synonym Drekslera, full-generation: cocliobolus); Hemileia species in coffee, for example H. H. vastatrix (coffee leaf rust); Isariopsis clavispora (Synonym Cladosporium bitis ) on the grapevine vitis )); Macro breech in soybean and cotton or olrina Pace (Macrophomina phaseolina) (up synonyms Pace (phaseoli)) (root / stem rot); Microdochium ( syn . fusarium ) nivale (pink snowy disease) in cereals (eg wheat or barley); Microsphaera diffusa (powdery mildew) on soybeans; Monilinia species in drupe and other Rosaceae, for example M. Laxa ( M. laxa ), M. Profile rukti Cola (M. fructicola) and M. M. fructigena (flower and twig blight); Mycosphaerella species on cereals, bananas, berries and peanuts, for example M. Graminicola ( M. graminicola ) (asexual generation: Septoria tritici , Septoria leaf blight) or M. M. fijiensis (Shigatoka disease); Cabbage (eg P. brassicae ), rapeseed (eg P. parasitica ), bulbous plants (eg P. destructor ), Peronospora spp. (downy mildew) on tobacco (eg P. tabacina ) and soybeans (eg P. manshurica ); green onion on soybeans Phakopsora pachyrhizi ) and blood. P. meibomiae (soybean rust); For example grapevines (eg P. tracheiphila and P. tetraspora ) and soybeans (eg P. gregata : stem disease) Phialophora species in Phoma lingam (root and stem rot) on rapeseed and cabbage and blood on sugar beet. P. betae ( spotted disease); Sunflower, grapevine (e.g. P. viticola : dead-cancer disease) and soybeans (e.g. stem bundling/stem blight: P. phaseoli , full generation: Dia. Diaporthe phaseolorum )) of the species Phomopsis ; Physoderma maydis ( brown spot ) in corn; Various plants, such as bell peppers and cucumber species (for example, blood. Cap-shi (P. capsici)), soybean (e.g. blood. Mega Fermat's (P. megasperma), synonymous blood elements (P. sojae) ), potatoes and tomatoes (e.g. P. infestans : late blight and brown rot) and phytoptoras in deciduous trees (e.g. P. ramorum oak blight) Phytophthora ) species (wilting disease, root, leaf, stem and fruit rot); Plasmodiophora brassicae (root lump disease) on cabbage, rapeseed, radish and other plants; Plasmopara species, for example blood on grapevines. Viticola ( P. viticola ) ( ferronospora of grapevine, Downy mildew) and blood on sunflower. P. halstedii ; Rosacea, Podosphaera spp. (powdery mildew) on hops, pomegranate and berries, for example blood on apples. Leucotricha ( P. leucotricha ); Polymyxa species, and viral diseases transmitted by, for example in cereals, such as barley and wheat ( P. graminis ) and sugar beets ( P. betae ) ; Pseudocercosporella herporticoides on cereals, for example wheat or barley herpotrichoides ) (eye blotches /stem breaks, complete generation: Tapesia yallundae )); Pseudoperonospora (downy mildew) on various plants, for example blood on cucumber species. Blood on P. cubensis or hops. P. humili ; Pseudopezicula in the grapevine tracheiphila ) (gait spot disease, asexual generation: Phialophora ); Puccinia species (rust) on various plants, for example blood on cereals, for example wheat, barley or rye. P. triticina (brown rust of wheat), blood. Seuteuriyi formate miss (P. striiformis) (yellow rust), p. P. hordei (little rust), blood. Graminis ( P. graminis ) (black rust) or blood. P. recondita (brown rust of rye), blood from sugar cane. P. kuehnii , and for example asparagus (for example P. asparagi ); Avoid at repen teeth (tritici -repentis) (leaf blight of small spots) or barley - (DRE greater sled called silent generation) Tea tree when blooming in Reno Fora mill. P. teres (net blotch); Pyricularia species, for example blood in rice. Oryzae ( P. oryzae ) (Full generation: Magnaporthe grisea ), blast) and blood on grass and cereals. P. grisea ; Pythium species (mosaloc) on grass, rice, corn, wheat, cotton, rapeseed, sunflower, sugar beet, vegetables and other plants (eg P. ultimum or P. apanider ) Matum ( P. aphanidermatum )); Ramularia species, for example eggs in barley. R. collo - cygni ( Ramularia leaves and grass spots/physiological spots) and eggs on sugar beets. R. beticola ; Rhizoktonia species on cotton, rice, potato, grass, corn, rapeseed, potato, sugar beet, vegetables and various other plants, such as eggs on soybean. R. solani (root and stem rot), eggs in rice. Solani (sheath blight) or eggs from wheat or barley. Cerealis ( R. cerealis ) (leaf spot disease); Rhizopus stolonifers on strawberries, carrots, cabbage, grapevines and tomatoes stolonifer ) (soft rot); Rhynchosporium secalis ( spotted disease) on barley, rye and rye; Sarocladium Orizae in rice oryzae ) and S. S. attenuatum (sheath rot); Vegetables and plantation crops, such as rapeseed, sunflower (for example Sclerotinia sclerotinia sclerotiorum )) and soybeans (eg S. rolfsii )) of Sclerotinia species (stem or white rot); Septoria species on various plants, for example S. Glycines ( spotted disease), S. Tea Tree City (S. tritici) (Counts Astoria leaf blight) and S in the grain. (Synonym Stagonospora ) nodorum (leaf blight and peel blight); Unsi Cronulla (Uncinula) on vines (a synonym Erie and Príncipe) Neka Tor (necator) (powdery mildew, silent generation: Cucumber Stadium pitcher Kerry (Oidium tuckeri )); Corn (for example, S. Tour sikum (S. turcicum), synonymous with Hell Minto Sports Solarium Tour sikum (Helminthosporium turcicum)) and the Seto Area Spa (Setosphaeria) in grass species (jeommunuibyeong); Corn (for example S. Rayleigh analog (S. reiliana): CR kkambugi), sorghum and spa cell Rotterdam car (Sphacelotheca) species (kkambugi disease) in sugar cane; Sphaerotheca in cucumber species fuliginea ) (powdery mildew); Spongospora subterranea in potatoes subterranea ) (scarwort disease) and viral diseases transmitted thereby; Stagonospora species in cereals, for example S. in wheat. S. nodorum (leaf blight and peel blight, complete generation: Leptosphaeria [synonym Phaeosphaeria ] nodorum ); Sine chytrium endobiotricum in potatoes ( Synchytrium endobioticum ) (potato wart disease); Taphrina species, for example tea from peaches. T. deformans (leaf curl) and tea in plums. T. pruni (plum pouch); Thielaviopsis species (black root disease ) on tobacco, pomegranate , vegetable crops, soybeans and cotton, for example T. T. basicola (synonym Chalara elegans ); Tilletia spp. in cereals (smut or fishy smut), for example T in wheat. T. tritici (synonym T. caries , wheat squirt) and T. T. controversa (dwarf smut); Typhula incarnata in barley or wheat incarnata ) (gray snowball disease); Urocystis species on rye, for example milk. U. occulta (flag- blinker ); Vegetable plants, such as beans (for example, oil ah Fendi Kula tooth (U. appendiculatus), synonymous with oil. Pace up (U. phaseoli)) and sugar beet (for example oil. (U. betae) in the beta) Uromyces spp. in (rust); Cereals (e.g. U. nuda and U. avaenae ), corn (e.g. U. maydis : corn smut ) and sugar cane Ustilago spp. (swimmer); Venturia spp. (Deerbug disease) on apples (eg V. inaequalis ) and pears; And Verticillium spp. (leaf and growth wilt) in various plants, such as fruit and ornamental trees, grapevines, berries, vegetables and agricultural crops, such as V on strawberries, rapeseed, potatoes and tomatoes. Dahliae ( V. dahliae ).

The mixtures and compositions according to the present invention are particularly preferred for controlling the following plant diseases: Soybean diseases: Sercospora kikukii, Elsinoe glycines, Diaporthe phaseolorum variety Soybean disease (Diaporthe phaseolorum var.sojae), Septaria glycines, Sercospora Sogina, Pakospora Pachyridge, Phytophthora sojae, Lizoctonia Solani, Corynespora Casicola, and S. Clerotinia sclerotiorum.

Plant health

The combinations and compositions of the invention according to the invention are suitable for enhancing plant health.

Enhancing plant health is that the combinations and compositions of the present invention are plant growth regulators as defined below, as plant strengthening/resistance inducing compounds as defined below, in order to result in plant physiology as defined below, and It is meant that it can be used to increase crop yield as defined below.

Plant growth regulation

In some cases, the combinations or compositions of the invention are herbicides, safeners, growth regulators or agents that improve plant properties, or microbial agents, such as fungicides, antifungal agents, bactericidal agents, especially at a certain concentration or rate of application. , As antiviral agents (including compositions for viroids) or as compositions for MLO (mycoplasma-like organisms) and RLO (Rikecha-like organisms). The active ingredients of the combinations or compositions of the present invention intervene in plant metabolism and thus can also be used as growth regulators.

Plant growth regulators can exert various effects on plants. The effectiveness of these substances essentially depends on the application time involved in the stage of development of the plant, and also on the amount and type of application of the active ingredient applied to the plant or its environment. In each case, the growth regulator should have a specific desired effect on the crop plant.

Plant growth regulating compounds can be used, for example, to inhibit vegetative growth of plants. Such growth inhibition is economically of interest, for example in the case of grasses, because it is possible to reduce the frequency of mowing in ornamental gardens, parks and sports facilities, roadsides, airports or fruit crops. Inhibition of the growth of herbaceous and woody plants on roadsides and near pipelines or aerial cables, or quite generally in areas where vigorous plant growth is not desired, is also meaningful.

The use of growth regulators to inhibit the longitudinal growth of cereals is also important. This reduces or completely eliminates the risk of plant loam before harvest. In addition, growth regulators in the case of cereals strengthen the stalk, and this can also counteract the robes. The use of growth regulators to shorten and strengthen the stalks increases yield by allowing the placement of higher fertilizer volumes without the risk of loaming of the grain crop.

In many crop plants, inhibition of vegetative growth allows for denser planting and thus higher yields based on the soil surface can be achieved. Another advantage of the smaller plants obtained in this way is that the crops are easier to grow and harvest.

Inhibition of vegetative plant growth can also lead to yield enhancement, as nutrients and animals are more beneficial for flower and fruit formation than for plant nutrients.

Frequently, growth regulators may be used to promote vegetative growth. This is very beneficial when harvesting vegetative plant parts. However, promotion of vegetative growth can also promote reproductive growth in that more assimilation products are formed resulting in more or larger fruits.

In some cases, an increase in yield can be achieved by manipulating plant metabolism without any detectable change in vegetative growth. In addition, growth regulators can be used to alter the composition of the plant, which in turn can lead to an improvement in the quality of the harvested product. For example, it is possible to increase the sugar content in sugar beet, sugar cane, pineapple and citrus fruits, or increase the protein content in soybeans or cereals. For example, growth regulators can also be used before or after harvesting to inhibit the degradation of sugars in desirable ingredients, such as sugar beets or sugar cane. It can also positively affect the production or removal of secondary plant components. One example is the stimulation of latex flow in rubber trees.

Under the influence of growth regulators, unit deletion fruits can be formed. It can also affect the sex of the flower. It is also possible to produce infertile pollen, which is very important in breeding and production of hybrid seeds.

The use of growth regulators can control the branching of plants. On the one hand, by destroying the sperm dominance, it is possible to promote the development of lateral growths, which may also be highly desirable, especially in the cultivation of ornamental plants, with growth inhibition. However, on the other hand, it is also possible to inhibit the growth of side growths. This effect is of particular interest, for example in tobacco cultivation or tomato cultivation.

Under the influence of growth regulators, the amount of leaves on the plant can be controlled so that the leaves fall off at the desired time. This deciduous phenomenon not only plays an important role in the mechanical harvesting of cotton, but is also interesting in facilitating harvesting in other crops, for example viticulture. Dropping the leaves of the plant may be done to lower the plant's shedding prior to transplantation.

Growth regulators can also be used to control fruit dehiscence. On the one hand, it is possible to prevent deterioration of immature fruit. On the other hand, in order to eliminate alternation, it is also possible to promote fruit dehiscence, or even promote flower abortion to achieve the desired size (thinning). Alternation is understood to mean the nature of some fruit species that give very different yields from year to year for endogenous reasons. Finally, to enable mechanical harvesting or to facilitate manual harvesting, growth regulators can be used at harvest time to reduce the force required to peel the fruit.

Growth regulators may be used to achieve faster or even delayed ripening of the harvesting material before or after harvesting. This is particularly advantageous because it allows optimal adjustment to market requirements. In addition, growth regulators can improve fruit color in some cases. In addition, growth regulators can also be used to focus maturation in a specific period. In the case of tobacco, tomatoes or coffee, for example, this establishes the necessary conditions for mechanical or manual harvesting in a single process.

By the use of growth regulators, plants such as pineapples or ornamental plants in nurseries can affect the seed of the plant or the resting place of the eyes, for example so that they germinate, sprout or bloom at times that are not generally such a tendency. It is possible additionally. In areas where there is a risk of frost, it may be desirable to delay the germination or germination of seeds with the aid of growth regulators, in order to prevent damage from late frost.

Finally, growth regulators can induce plant resistance to frost, drought, or high salinity in the soil. This generally allows cultivation of plants in areas not suitable for this purpose.

Resistance induction and other effects

The combination or composition according to the invention may also exhibit a strong strengthening effect in plants. Thus, it can be used to mobilize the defense of plants against attack by undesirable microorganisms.

In the context of the present invention, plant-enhancing (resistance-inducing) substances are capable of stimulating the plant's defense system in such a way that the treated plant exhibits a high degree of resistance to these microorganisms when subsequently inoculated with undesirable microorganisms. It should be understood to mean matter.

The active compounds according to the invention are also suitable for increasing the yield of crops. In addition, it shows reduced toxicity and is well tolerated by plants.

Additionally, in the context of the present invention, plant physiological effects include:

Temperature tolerance, drought tolerance and recovery after drought stress, water efficiency (correlated with reduced water consumption), flood tolerance, ozone stress and UV resistance, resistance to chemicals such as heavy metals, salts, and insecticides (toxic modifiers). Including abiotic stress tolerance.

Biological stress tolerance, including increased fungal resistance and increased resistance to nematodes, viruses and bacteria. In the context of the present invention, biotic stress tolerance preferably includes increased fungal resistance and increased resistance to nematodes.

Increased plant vitality, including plant quality and seed vitality, reduced standing failure, improved appearance, increased recovery, improved greening effect and improved photosynthetic efficiency.

Effect on plant hormones and/or functional enzymes.

Early germination, better appearance, more developed root system and/or improved root growth, increased sputum, more productive sputum, early flowering, plant height and/or biomass increase, stem shortening, growth growth, grain count/ Ears, number of ears/㎡, improvement in number of stems and/or flowers in creeping, strengthening of harvesting index, larger leaves, fewer root leaf deaths, improvement of leaf order, early ripening/early fruit finishing, uniform ripening, increased ripening period, Effects on growth regulators (accelerators), including better fruit finish, larger fruit/vegetable size, reduced sprouting resistance and lodging.

Size distribution (grains, fruits, etc.), uniform ripening, grain moisture, better milling, better winemaking, better brewing, increased juice yield, harvestability, digestibility, settling value, falling number, pod stability, Storage stability, improved fiber length/strength/uniformity, increased milk and/or meat quality of stored pasture-fed animals, improved processability with respect to modifications for cooking and frying;

Improved fruit/grain quality, size distribution (grains, fruits, etc.), increased shelf life, hardness/softness, taste (scent, texture, etc.), grade (size, shape, number of berries, etc.), berry/per cluster It further includes marketability improvements related to fruit tree, crispness, freshness, wax range, physiological disturbance frequency, color, etc.;

Increased desired ingredients, e.g. protein content, fatty acids, oil content, oil quality, amino acid composition, sugar content, acid content (pH), sugar/acid ratio (brix), polyphenols, starch content, nutritional quality, gluten content /Additionally include index, energy content, taste, etc.;

Further comprising reduced undesired components, e.g. less mycotoxin, less aflatoxin, geosmin levels, phenolic flavor, lacase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, nitrate content, etc.,

Total biomass per hectare, yield per hectare, grain/fruit weight, seed size and/or hectare weight, as well as an increase in yield, which refers to an increase in product quality.

Nutrient utilization efficiency, in particular nitrogen (N)-utilization efficiency, phosphorus (P)-utilization efficiency, water efficiency, improved divergence, respiration and/or CO ₂ assimilation rate, better muscle metabolism, improved Ca-metabolite, etc. Sustainable agriculture.

For example, a longer ripening period, thus a higher yield, including an improvement in plant physiology, which is expressed in the color of the green leaves of the plant for a longer period of time and thus color (greening), moisture content, dryness, etc. Delayed aging. Thus, in the context of the present invention, it has been found that specific application of a combination of active compounds according to the invention makes it possible to prolong the green leaf area period, which delays the maturation (aging) of the plant. The main advantage for farmers is the longer ripening period leading to higher yields. There is also an advantage for farmers based on greater flexibility at harvest time.

Herein "settlement value" is a measure of protein quality and describes the sedimentation of a powder suspended in a lactic acid solution over a standard time interval according to Zeleny (Zeleny value). This is taken as a measure of baking quality. The swelling of the gluten fraction of the flour in the lactic acid solution affects the sedimentation rate of the flour suspension. The higher the gluten content, and the better the gluten quality, the lower the sedimentation rate and the higher the geleni test value. The sedimentation value of the flour depends on the wheat protein composition and is primarily correlated with the protein content, the hardness of the wheat, and the volume of the pan and oven loaf. The stronger correlation between the rope volume and the geleni settling volume compared to the SDS settling volume can be attributed to the protein content that affects both the volume and the geleni value (herein the "settlement value" refers to the protein quality. It is a measure, and describes the sedimentation of the flour suspended in the lactic acid solution during standard time intervals according to Zeleny (Zeleny value), which is taken as a measure of the baking quality of the gluten fraction of the flour in the lactic acid solution. Swelling affects the sedimentation rate of the flour suspension, the higher the gluten content, and the better the gluten quality, the lower the sedimentation rate and the higher the geleni test value The sedimentation value of the flour depends on the wheat protein composition, mainly protein It correlates with the content, hardness of the mill, and the volume of the pan and furnace loaf The stronger correlation between the rope volume and the geleni settling volume compared to the SDS settling volume affects both the volume and the geleni values. It may be due to the protein content that affects (Czech J. Food Sci. Vol. 21, No. 3: 91-96, 2000).

In addition, “Pauling Water” as referred to herein is a measure of the baking quality of cereals, especially wheat. Polling number testing indicates that sprout damage may occur. This means that changes have already occurred to the physical properties of the starch ratio of wheat grains. The polling water instrument analyzes the viscosity by measuring the resistance of the powder and water paste to the polling plunger. The time (in seconds) at which this occurs is known as the number of polls. Polling number results are recorded as an index of enzyme activity in wheat or flour samples, and results are expressed in time in seconds. A high polling number (eg, greater than 300 seconds) indicates minimal enzymatic activity and robust quality wheat or flour. Low polling counts (eg, less than 250 seconds) indicate significant enzyme activity and sprout-damaged wheat or flour.

The terms "more developed root system"/"improved root growth" refer to longer root systems, deeper root growth, faster root growth, higher root dry/fresh weight, higher root volume, larger root surface area, larger By referring to root diameter, higher root stability, more root branches, higher number of root hairs, and/or more apices, and analyzing the root structure with a suitable method and image analysis program (e.g. WinRhizo). Can be measured.

The term "crop water efficiency" technically refers to the mass of agricultural product per unit water consumed, economically refers to the value of the product(s) produced per unit volume of water consumed, eg quantity per hectare , The biomass of the plant, the mass of 1000 grains, and the number of ears/m2 can be measured.

The term "nitrogen-utilization efficiency" technically refers to the mass of agricultural product per unit nitrogen consumed, economically refers to the value of the product(s) produced per unit nitrogen consumed, and reflects absorption and utilization efficiency. do.

Improved greening/improved color and improved photosynthetic efficiency improvement, as well as aging delay can be measured with a well-known technique such as the HandyPea system (Hansatech). Fv/Fm is a widely used parameter to indicate the maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (PSII). This parameter is widely regarded as a selective indicator of plant photosynthetic performance, and healthy samples typically achieve a maximum Fv/Fm value of about 0.85. Lower values will be observed when the sample is exposed to some type of biotic or abiotic stress factor that has reduced its ability to photochemical quenching of energy in PSII. Fv/Fm is given as the ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) to maximum fluorescence value (Fm). The figure of merit is essentially an indicator of sample vitality. (See, for example, Advanced Techniques in Soil Microbiology, 2007, 11, 319-341; Applied Soil Ecology, 2000, 15, 169-182.)

Greening improvement/improved color and improved photosynthetic efficiency improvement, as well as aging delay is a measure of the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), e.g. chlorophyll content measurement by the pigment extraction method of Ziegler and Ehle, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio) can also be assessed as a determination of growth product growth and final root and/or canopy biomass, powder density, as well as determination of root mortality.

In the context of the present invention, enhanced root growth, more developed root system, improved greening, improved water efficiency (correlated with reduced water consumption), in particular improved nutrient utilization efficiency including improved nitrogen (N)-utilization efficiency, delayed aging It is desirable to improve the plant physiological effect selected from the group comprising, and yield enhancement.

In yield enhancement, in particular with respect to plants selected from the group of cereals (preferably wheat), an improvement in settling value and polling number, as well as an improvement in protein and sugar content is desirable.

Preferably, the novel uses of the fungicidal combinations or compositions of the present invention include a) prophylactic and/or curative control of pathogenic fungi with or without resistance management, and b) strengthening root growth, It relates to the combination of one or more of improving greening, improving water efficiency, delaying aging and enhancing yield. From group b), enhancement of the root system, water efficiency and N-utilization efficiency is particularly preferred.

Seed treatment

The present invention further includes a seed treatment method.

The invention also relates to seeds treated with one of the methods described in the paragraph above. The seeds of the present invention are used in a method of protecting seeds from harmful microorganisms. In this method, seeds treated with one or more combinations or compositions of the invention are used.

The combinations or compositions of the present invention are also suitable for treating seeds. Most of crop damage caused by harmful organisms is caused by infection of seeds during storage, or after sowing, and also during and after germination of plants. This period is particularly important because the roots and growths of the growing plant are particularly sensitive, and even minor damage can lead to plant death. Therefore, it is very interesting to use suitable compositions to protect seeds and germinating plants.

The control of phytopathogenic fungi by treatment of plant seeds has long been known and is the subject of continuous development. However, seed treatment entails a series of problems that cannot always be solved in a satisfactory manner. It is desirable to develop methods for the protection of seeds and germinating plants which, for example, eliminate or at least significantly reduce further batches of the crop protection composition after planting or after plant emergence. It is also desirable to optimize the amount of active ingredient used to provide the best possible protection to seeds and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi, but without damaging the active ingredient used to the plant itself. In particular, the seed treatment method should also take into account the inherent fungicidal properties of transgenic plants in order to achieve optimal protection of seeds and germinating plants with minimal consumption of the crop protection composition.

The present invention thus also relates to a method of protecting seeds and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi by treating the seeds with the compositions of the present invention. The invention also relates to the use of the composition of the invention for seed treatment to protect seeds and germinating plants from phytopathogenic fungi. Additionally, the present invention relates to seeds treated with the compositions of the present invention for protection against phytopathogenic fungi.

The control of phytopathogenic fungi that damage plants after emergence is mainly carried out by treating the soil and the above-ground parts of plants with crop protection compositions. Due to concerns about the ability of crop protection compositions to affect the environment and human and animal health, efforts have been made to reduce the amount of active ingredients deployed.

One of the advantages of the present invention is that the particular systemic nature of the combinations or compositions of the invention means that treatment of seeds with such active ingredients and compositions protects not only the seeds themselves, but also the resulting plants after emergence from phytopathogenic fungi. In this way, immediate treatment of the crops may not be necessary at the time of sowing or immediately after sowing.

It is contemplated that the combinations or compositions of the present invention can also be used in particular for transgenic seeds, in which case plants grown from such seeds can express proteins that act against pests. By treating such seeds with the combinations or compositions of the present invention, specific pests can be controlled only by expression of a protein, for example an insecticidal protein. Surprisingly, additional synergistic effects can be observed in this case, which further increases the effectiveness of protection against pest attack.

The compositions of the present invention are suitable for protecting the seeds of any plant variety used in agriculture, greenhouse, forest or horticulture and viticulture. In particular, it is grains (e.g. wheat, barley, rye, rye, sorghum/millet and oats), corn, cotton, soybeans, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, radishes (e.g. sugar beets and fodder radishes), peanuts , Rapeseed, poppy, olive, coconut, cocoa, sugar cane, tobacco, vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), grasses and seeds of ornamental plants (see also below). The treatment of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, rye and oats), corn and rice seeds is of particular importance. Soybean seeds are particularly preferred.

It is particularly important to treat transgenic seeds with the mixture or composition of the present invention, as described below. It relates to the seeds of plants containing one or more heterologous genes that allow the expression of a polypeptide or protein with insecticidal properties. Heterologous gene in transgenic seed may be, for example, Bacillus (Bacillus), separation tank emptying (Rhizobium), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas), theta Liao (Serratia), tricot der e (Trichoderma), Cloud thinning Terminus (Clavibacter), glow moose ( Glomus ) or Gliocladium species. These heterologous genes are preferably derived from Bacillus species, in which case the gene product is effective against European corn borer and/or western corn rootworm. More preferably, the heterologous gene is derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.

In the context of the present invention, the combinations or compositions of the present invention are applied to the seeds alone or in suitable formulations. Preferably, the seeds are treated in a sufficiently stable state so that no damage occurs during the treatment process. In general, seeds can be processed at any point between harvest and sowing. It is common to use seeds that have been isolated from plants and have no genus, husk, stem, skin, hair or pulp. For example, it is possible to use seeds that have been harvested, washed and dried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight. Alternatively, it is also possible to use seeds that have been dried, for example treated with water and then dried again.

When treating seeds, care should generally be taken that the amount of the composition of the invention and/or the amount of additional additives applied to the seed is selected so that the germination of the seed is not impaired or the resulting plant is not damaged. This should be particularly noted in the case of combinations or compositions that may have a phytotoxic effect at certain application rates.

The combinations or compositions of the present invention can be applied directly, ie without any other ingredients, and without dilution. In general, it is desirable to apply the composition to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the following documents: US 4,272,417, US 4,245,432, US 4,808,430, US 5,876,739, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 , WO 2002/028186.

Combinations or compositions that can be used in accordance with the present invention can be converted into conventional seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other coating compositions for seeds, and ULV formulations.

These formulations are known by mixing the active ingredient with conventional additives, such as conventional bulking agents, and also solvents or diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, defoamers, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins, and also water. Can be manufactured in a conventional manner.

Useful dyes that can be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention are all dyes customary for this purpose. A pigment that is poorly soluble in water or a dye that is water-soluble can be used. Examples are Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Included are the dye known under the name Solvent Red 1.

Useful wetting agents that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention are all substances that promote wetting and are commonly used in the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Preference is given to using alkyl naphthalenesulfonates such as diisopropyl or diisobutyl naphthalenesulfonate.

Useful dispersants and/or emulsifiers that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that may be used in accordance with the present invention are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants commonly used in the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Nonionic or anionic dispersants or combinations of nonionic and anionic dispersants may preferably be used. Suitable nonionic dispersants include in particular ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and phosphorylated or sulfated derivatives thereof. Suitable anionic dispersants are in particular lignosulfonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulfonate/formaldehyde condensates.

Antifoaming agents that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention are all foam-inhibiting substances commonly used in the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Silicone antifoaming agents and magnesium stearate can be preferably used.

Preservatives that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention are all substances that can be used for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophene and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.

Secondary thickeners that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention are all substances that can be used for this purpose in agrochemical compositions. Preferred examples include cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clay and ultrafine silica.

Adhesives that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used in accordance with the present invention are all conventional binders that can be used in seed dressing products. Preferred examples include polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose.

Gibberellins that may be present in the seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention may preferably be gibberellin A1, A3 (=gibberelic acid), A4 and A7, and it is particularly preferred to use gibberellic acid. Gibberellin is known (see R. Wegler "Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schaedlingsbekaempfungsmittel" [Chemistry of the Crop Protection Compositions and Pesticides], vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, p. 401-412).

The seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention can be used for the treatment of a wide variety of seeds, including seeds of transgenic plants, either directly or after first dilution with water. In this case, further synergistic effects may also occur in the interaction with the substance formed by expression.

For the treatment of seeds with seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention, or formulations made therefrom by adding water, all mixing devices conventionally available in seed dressings are useful. Specifically, the procedure in the seed dressing is to place the seeds in a mixer, add a specific desired amount of the seed dressing formulation as it is or after diluting with water beforehand, and mix all until the formulation is homogeneously distributed in the seeds. If appropriate, the drying process follows.

Mycotoxin

In addition, the treatment of the present invention can reduce the content of mycotoxins in the harvested material and foods and feeds made therefrom. Mycotoxins are particularly, but not exclusively, deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2- and HT2-toxins, fumonicin, zearalenone, Moniliformin, fusarin, diaseooxysirphenol (DAS), viewbericin, eniatin, fusarofroliferin, fusarenol, okratoxin, patulin, ergotalkaloid and aflatoxin, examples of which For example, it can be produced by the following fungi: Fusarium species, such as Fusarium acuminatum ( Fusarium acuminatum ), f. Asiaticum , F. Avenaceum ( F. avenaceum ), F. F. crookwellens e, F. F. culmorum , F. F. graminearum ( Gibberella Zeae ) zeae )), F. Ekwi Shetty (F. equiseti), F. Zico Fu Loi (F. fujikoroi), F. Musa Room (F. musarum), F. Oxysporum ( F. oxysporum ), F. Proliferatum ( F. proliferatum ), F. F. poae , F. Pseudo Gras Mine arum (F. pseudograminearum), F. Samburu When num (F. sambucinum), F. Sirpi ( F. scirpi ), F. Semi tektum (F. semitectum), F. F. solani , F. Spokane roteuri Koh Death (F. sporotrichoides), F. F. langsethiae , F. Ruti nonce sub-article (F. subglutinans), F. New keutum tree (F. tricinctum), F. Berti Sicily cucumber Death (F. verticillioides), etc., and Aspergillus species such as this. Plastic Booth (A. flavus), Avon. Farah City Syracuse (A. parasiticus), Avon. Nomius ( A. nomius ), A. Ochraceus ( A. ochraceus ), A. Cloud Tooth Bar (A. clavatus), Avon. Therese mouse (A. terreus), Avon. Versicolor ( A. versicolor ), Penicillium species, such as blood. P. verrucosum , blood. Viridicatum ( P. viridicatum ), P. Rinum sheet (P. citrinum), blood. X pansum (P. expansum), p. Claviforme , P. Roqueforti ( P. roqueforti ), claviceps species, such as C. Purpurea ( C. purpurea ), C. C. fusiformis , C. C. paspali , C. Africana ( C. africana ), Stachybotrys species, etc.

Material protection

The combinations or compositions or compositions of the present invention may also be used in material protection to protect industrial materials against attack and destruction by harmful microorganisms such as fungi and insects.

In addition, the combinations or compositions of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with other active ingredients as antifouling compositions.

Industrial material in the context of the present invention is understood to mean an inanimate material manufactured for industrial use. For example, industrial materials to be protected by the combinations or compositions of the present invention from changes or destruction by microorganisms can be infected with or destroyed by microorganisms, adhesives, glues, paper, wallpaper and board/cardboard, textiles, It can be carpet, leather, wood, textiles and tissues, paint and plastic articles, cooling lubricants and other materials. Production facilities and buildings, for example cooling water circuits, cooling and heating systems, ventilation and air conditioning units, which can be damaged by the growth of microorganisms, may also be mentioned within the scope of the material to be protected. Industrial materials within the scope of the present invention preferably include adhesives, sizes, paper and cards, leather, wood, paints, cooling lubricants and heat transfer fluids, more preferably wood.

The combination or composition of the present invention can prevent harmful effects such as spoilage, corrosion, discoloration, discoloration or mold formation.

In the case of wood treatment, the combinations or compositions according to the invention can also be used against fungal diseases that are prone to growing on or within the timber. The term "lumber" means all types of wood species, and all types of work of such wood for construction, such as solid wood, high density wood, laminated wood and plywood. The method for treating timber according to the invention mainly consists in contacting the combination or composition according to the invention, which comprises, for example, direct application, spraying, dipping, infusion or any other suitable means.

In addition, the combinations or compositions of the present invention can be used to protect objects in contact with sea or salt water, particularly hulls, screens, nets, buildings, moorings and signaling systems from fouling.

The method of the invention for controlling harmful fungi can also be used to protect stored articles. Stored articles are understood to mean natural substances of plant or animal origin, or processed products thereof, of natural origin and for which long-term protection is desired. Storage articles of plant origin, for example plants or plant parts, such as stems, leaves, tubers, seeds, fruits, granules, freshly harvested or (pre-)dried, wetted, subdivided, crushed, compressed or roasted It can be protected after processing by. Storage articles also include wood in both the form of construction wood, raw lumber such as telephone poles and barriers or in the form of finished products such as furniture. Storage articles of animal origin are, for example, leather, leather, fur and fur. The combination or composition of the present invention can prevent harmful effects such as spoilage, corrosion, discoloration, discoloration or mold formation.

Microorganisms that can degrade or change industrial materials include, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae and mucous organisms. The mixtures or compositions of the invention are preferably against fungi, in particular molds, wood discoloration and wood-destructive fungi (Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromicetes and Jigomisetes), and against mucous organisms and algae. Works. Examples include microorganisms of the following genus: Alternaria , such as Alternaria tenuis ( Alternaria tenuis ); Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger ; Chaetomium , such as Chaetomium globosum ; Coniophora , such as Coniophora puetana ; Lentinus , such as Lentinus tigrinus ; Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum ; Polyporus , such as Polyporus versicolor ; Aureobasidium , such as Aureobasidium pullulans ; Cleveland's poma (Sclerophoma), for example, scan repetition Klee poma five pillars (Sclerophoma pityophila) as in; Trichoderma , such as Trichoderma Viride viride ); Opie Austrian Thomas (Ophiostoma) species, Cerato City seutiseu (Ceratocystis) species, trailing Coke (Humicola) species, Petri Ella (Petriella) species, tree Autumn Ruth (Trichurus) species, Cory to come loose (Coriolus) species, the article Leo pilrum ( Gloeophyllum ) species, Pleurotus species, Poria species, Serpula species and Tyromyces species, Cladosporium species, Paecilomyces species , Mucor species, Escherichia , such as Escherichia coli ); Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Staphylococcus (Staphylococcus), such as Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus), Candida (Candida) and Saccharomyces species in MRS (Saccharomyces) (Saccharomyces cerevisae) species, such as Saccharomyces MRS celebrity secret history.

Antifungal activity

In addition, the combinations or compositions of the present invention also have very good antifungal activity. It has a very broad spectrum of antifungal activity, in particular cutaneous fungi and yeast, fungi and abnormal fungi (eg Candida species, such as C. albicans, C. glabrata), And Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus species, such as A. Niger and A. Fumigatus (A. fumigatus), Trichophyton species, such as T. Mentagrophytes, Microsporon species such as M. Canis and M. It has antifungal activity against M. audouinii. This list of fungi does not in any way limit the fungal spectrum to be included, and is only a descriptive feature.

Thus, the combinations or compositions of the present invention can be used in both medical and non-medical applications.

Genetically modified organism

As already mentioned above, all plants and parts thereof can be treated according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment, wild plant species and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventional biological breeding methods such as crossing or protoplast fusion, and also parts thereof, are treated. In a further preferred embodiment, transgenic plants and plant cultivars (genetically modified organisms) obtained by genetic engineering methods (where appropriate in combination with conventional methods), and parts thereof are treated. The “site” or “plant part” or “plant part” has been described above. More preferably, portions of plant cultivars that are commercially available or in use are treated according to the invention. Plant cultivars are understood to mean plants that have new properties ("traits") and are obtained by conventional breeding, mutagenesis or recombinant DNA techniques. It can be a cultivar, variety, biotype or genotype.

The treatment method according to the invention can be used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), for example plants or seeds. Genetically modified plants (or transgenic plants) are plants in which heterologous genes have been stably integrated into the genome. Essentially, the expression “heterologous gene” is provided or assembled outside of a plant, when introduced into the nucleus, chloroplast or mitochondrial genome, by expressing a protein or polypeptide of interest or down-regulating other gene(s) present in the plant or Genes that provide new or improved agronomic or other properties to transgenic plants by silencing (e.g., using antisense technology, co-inhibition technology, RNA interference (RNAi) technology or microRNA (miRNA) technology) Means. Heterologous genes located within the genome are also referred to as transgenes. A transgene defined by its specific location within the plant genome is referred to as a transformation or transgenic event.

Depending on the plant species or plant cultivar, its location, growing conditions (soil, climate, vegetation period, food), the treatment according to the invention may lead to a superadditive ("synergistic") effect. Thus, for example, reducing the application rate and/or expanding the spectrum of activity and/or increasing the activity of the active compounds and compositions that can be used according to the invention, better plant growth, increased resistance to high or low temperatures, drought or water or soil Increased resistance to salt content, increased flowering capacity, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher yield, larger fruit, larger plant height, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher quality of harvest products and/or Higher nutritional value, higher sugar content of the fruit, better storage stability and/or processability of the harvested product are possible, which in practice exceeds the expected effect.

At certain application rates, the combination or composition according to the invention may have a strengthening effect in plants. Thus, they are also suitable for mobilizing the plant's defense system against the attack of harmful birds. If appropriate, this may be one of the reasons for the enhanced activity of the combinations or compositions according to the invention against fungi, for example. Plant-enhancing (resistance-inducing) substances, in the context of the present invention, are capable of stimulating the plant's defense system in such a way that the treated plant exhibits a substantial degree of resistance to these microorganisms when subsequently inoculated with harmful microorganisms. It is to be understood to mean a substance or combination of substances. In this case, harmful raw matter should be understood to mean phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Thus, the combinations or compositions according to the invention can be used to protect plants against attack by the aforementioned pathogens within a certain period after treatment. The period in which the protection is effective generally reaches 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days after treatment of the plant with the active compound.

Plants and plant cultivars to be preferably treated according to the invention include all plants with genetic material that imparts particularly advantageous useful traits to the plant (whether obtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means or not).

Plants and plant cultivars to be treated also preferably according to the invention are resistant to one or more biotic stresses, i.e. the plants are animal and microbial pests such as nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or Shows better defense against viroids.

Examples of nematodes or insect resistant plants are, for example, U.S. patent applications 11/765,491, 11/765,494, 10/926,819, 10/782,020, 12/032,479, 10/783,417, 10/782,096, 11/657,964, 12/192,904, 11/396,808, 12/166,253, 12/166,239, 12/166,124, 12/166,209, 11/762,886, 12/364,335, 11/763,947, 12/252,453, 12/209,354, 12/491,396, 12/497,221, 12/ 644,632, 12/646,004, 12/701,058, 12/718,059, 12/721,595, 12/638,591.

Plants and plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the invention are plants that are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions include, for example, drought, cold exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited nitrogen nutrient availability, limited phosphorus nutrient availability, shade avoidance. It may include.

Plants and plant cultivars which can also be treated according to the invention are plants characterized by yield enhancing properties. The increase in yield in the plant may be the result of, for example, plant physiology, growth and development, such as water efficiency, improvement of water retention efficiency, improvement of nitrogen utilization, enhancement of carbon assimilation, improvement of photosynthesis, increase in germination efficiency and acceleration of maturation. . Yield depends on early flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seedling vitality, plant size, number and distance of internodes, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, number of pods or ears, number of seeds per pod or ear. , Improved plant architecture (stress and non-stress conditions) including, but not limited to, seed mass, ripening strengthening, reduced seed discreteness, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging resistance. Additional yield traits include seed composition such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction of anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.

Plants that can be treated in accordance with the present invention are generally hybrid plants that already exhibit the properties of hybrid stress or hybrid vigor resulting in higher yields and vigor, health and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Typically, such plants are made by crossing an inbred male-sterile parental line (male parental) with another nearby male-fertile parental line (male parental). Hybrid seeds are typically harvested from male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male infertility plants can sometimes be produced by detasseling (in corn, for example), i.e. by mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs (or male flowers), but more typically, male infertility is inherited in the plant genome. Is the result of the enemy determinant. In this case, and especially when the seed is the desired product to be harvested from the hybrid plant, it is typically useful to ensure that the male fertility in the hybrid plant is fully restored. This can be achieved by ensuring that the male parent has an appropriate fertility restorer gene capable of restoring male fertility in hybrid plants containing the genetic determinants responsible for male infertility. Genetic determinants of male infertility can be located in the cytoplasm. Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) have been described, for example, in Brassica spp. (WO 92/05251, WO 95/09910, WO 98/27806, WO 05/002324, WO 06/021972 and US 6,229,072). However, genetic determinants of male infertility may also be located in the nuclear genome. Male-sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering. Particularly useful means for obtaining male-sterile plants are described in WO 89/10396, in which ribonuclease, for example varnase, is selectively expressed in the tapered cells of the stamen. The fertility can then be restored by expression in tapered cells of a ribonuclease inhibitor such as barstar (eg WO 91/02069).

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) that can be treated in accordance with the present invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, ie plants made tolerant to one or more given weedings. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such herbicide tolerance.

Herbicide-tolerant plants are, for example, glyphosate-tolerant plants, ie plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof. Plants can be made tolerant to glyphosate through several means. For example, glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming plants with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes include the AroA gene (mutant CT7) of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria (Science 1983, 221, 370-371), CP4 gene of Agrobacterium species bacteria (Curr. Topics Plant). Physiol. 1992, 7, 139-145), Petunia EPSPS (Science 1986, 233, 478-481), Tomato EPSPS (J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263, 4280-4289), or Eleusine EPSPS (WO 01/66704). It may also be a mutated EPSPS as described for example in EP 0837944, WO 00/66746, WO 00/66747 or WO 02/26995. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding a glyphosate oxido-reductase enzyme as described in US 5,776,760 and US 5,463,175. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding a glyphosate acetyl transferase enzyme as described for example in WO 02/036782, WO 03/092360, WO 2005/012515 and WO 2007/024782. I can. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally-occurring mutations of the genes mentioned above, as described for example in WO 01/024615 or WO 03/013226. Plants expressing the EPSPS gene conferring glyphosate resistance are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Applications 11/517,991, 10/739,610, 12/139,408, 12/352,532, 11/312,866, 11/315,678, 12/421,292, 11/ 400,598, 11/651,752, 11/681,285, 11/605,824, 12/468,205, 11/760,570, 11/762,526, 11/769,327, 11/769,255, 11/943801 or 12/362,774. Plants containing other genes that confer glyphosate tolerance, such as decarboxylase genes, are described, for example, in US patent applications 11/588,811, 11/185,342, 12/364,724, 11/185,560 or 12/423,926.

Other herbicide tolerant plants are plants that have been made tolerant to herbicides, such as bialaphos, phosphinothricin or glufosinate, which inhibit the enzyme glutamine synthase, for example. Such plants can be obtained by expressing an enzyme that detoxifies herbicides or a mutant glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to inhibition and is described, for example, in US patent application 11/760,602. One such efficient detoxifying enzyme is an enzyme that encodes a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species). Plants expressing exogenous phosphinothricin acetyltransferase are described, for example, in US Patents 5,561,236; 5,648,477; 5,646,024; 5,273,894; 5,637,489; 5,276,268; 5,739,082; 5,908,810 and 7,112,665.

Additional herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that are made tolerant to herbicides that are resistant to the hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) enzyme. HPPD is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) to homogentisate. As described in WO 96/38567, WO 99/24585, WO 99/24586, WO 09/144079, WO 02/046387, or US 6,768,044, a gene or mutation encoding a naturally occurring resistant HPPD enzyme or encoding a chimeric HPPD enzyme Plants that are resistant to HPPD-inhibitors can be transformed with the gene. Resistance to HPPD-inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding specific enzymes that allow the formation of homogentisate despite inhibition of natural HPPD enzymes by HPPD-inhibitors. Such plants and genes are described in WO 99/34008 and WO 02/36787. Plant resistance to HPPD inhibitors by transforming plants with genes encoding enzymes with prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity in addition to genes encoding HPPD-resistant enzymes, as described in WO 04/024928 This can also be improved. In addition, as shown in WO 2007/103567 and WO 2008/150473, by adding a gene encoding an enzyme capable of metabolizing or degrading HPPD inhibitors, such as CYP450 enzyme, into the genome of the plant, the plant is added to the HPPD-inhibitor herbicide. It can be made to be more resistant.

Additional herbicide resistant plants are plants made tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS-inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidine, pyrimidinioxy(thio)benzoate, and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides. As described, for example, in Tranel and Wright, Weed Science 2002, 50, 700-712, as well as U.S. Patents 5,605,011, 5,378,824, 5,141,870, and 5,013,659, ALS enzymes (acetohydroxy acid synthase, also known as AHAS It is known that several mutations in) confer resistance to several herbicides and herbicide groups. The production of sulfonylurea-tolerant plants and imidazolinone-tolerant plants is described in US Patents 5,605,011; 5,013,659; 5,141,870; 5,767,361; 5,731,180; 5,304,732; 4,761,373; 5,331,107; 5,928,937; And 5,378,824; And in WO 96/33270. Other imidazolinone-tolerant plants are, for example, WO 2004/040012, WO 2004/106529, WO 2005/020673, WO 2005/093093, WO 2006/007373, WO 2006/015376, WO 2006/024351, and WO 2006 It is also described at /060634. Additional sulfonylurea- and imidazolinone-tolerant plants are also described, for example in WO 2007/024782 and in US patent application 61/288958.

For example, as described in U.S. 5,084,082 for soybean, WO 97/41218 for rice, U.S. 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965 for sugar beet, U.S. 5,198,599 for lettuce, or WO 01/065922 for sunflower, imidazoli Other plants that are resistant to paddy fields and/or sulfonylureas can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell culture in the presence of herbicides, or mutant breeding.

For example, as described in U.S. 5,084,082 for soybean, WO 97/41218 for rice, U.S. 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965 for sugar beet, U.S. 5,198,599 for lettuce, or WO 01/065922 for sunflower, imidazoli Other plants that are resistant to paddy fields and/or sulfonylureas can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, selection in cell culture in the presence of herbicides, or mutant breeding.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which can also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, ie plants made to be resistant to the attack of certain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such insect resistance.

“Insect-resistant transgenic plant” as used herein includes any plant that contains one or more transgenes comprising a coding sequence encoding:

1) Insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a pesticidal portion thereof, such as Crickmore et al. 1998, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62: 807-813] and by Crickmore et al. (2005) online at http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/. An updated pesticidal determinant protein, or pesticidal portion thereof, in the Thuringiensis toxin nomenclature, for example the proteins Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1B, Cry1C, Cry1D, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Aa, or Cry3Bb or pesticidal portions thereof of the Cry protein class. Such proteins encoded by synthetic genes (eg EP-A 1 999 141 and WO 2007/107302), or as described for example in U.S. Patent Application 12/249,016; or

2) A crystalline protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, or a portion thereof, which is insecticidal in the presence of a second other crystalline protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a portion thereof, such as a binary toxin consisting of Cry34 and Cry35 crystalline proteins (Nat.Biotechnol. 2001, 19, 668-72; Applied Environm.Microbiol. 2006, 71, 1765-1774) or a binary toxin consisting of Cry1A or Cry1F protein and Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein (U.S. Patent Application 12/214,022 and EP-A 2 300 618); or

3) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising portions of different pesticidal determinants from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a hybrid of the protein of 1) above or a hybrid of the protein of 2) above, for example produced by corn event MON89034 Cry1A.105 protein (WO 2007/027777); or

4) In order to obtain higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and/or to expand the range of the affected target insect species, and/or due to changes introduced into the coding DNA during cloning or transformation, some, in particular The protein of any one of 1) to 3) above in which 1 to 10 amino acids have been replaced with another amino acid, such as the Cry3Bb1 protein in corn event MON863 or MON88017, or the Cry3A protein in corn event MIR604; or

5) Insecticidal secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus , or an insecticidal portion thereof, such as http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip. vegetative insecticidal (VIP) proteins listed in html, for example proteins from the VIP3Aa protein class; or

6) Binary toxin consisting of secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as VIP1A and VIP2A proteins, which are insecticidal in the presence of a second secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus (WO 94/21795) ; or

7) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising portions from different secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as a hybrid of the protein of 1) above or a hybrid of the protein of 2) above; or

8) In order to obtain higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and/or broaden the range of the affected target insect species, and/or (while still encoding insecticidal proteins) into the coding DNA during cloning or transformation The protein of any one of 5) to 7) above in which some, especially 1 to 10 amino acids have been replaced with another amino acid due to the introduced change, such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton event COT 102; or

9) Binary toxins consisting of secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as VIP3 and Cry1A or Cry1F, which are insecticidal in the presence of crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (US patent applications 61/126083 and 61/195019 ), or a binary toxin composed of VIP3 protein and Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein (US Patent Application 12/214,022 and EP-A 2 300 618).

10) In order to obtain higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and/or broaden the range of the affected target insect species, and/or (while still encoding the insecticidal protein) into the coding DNA during cloning or transformation. The protein of 9) above, in which some, especially 1 to 10 amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid due to the introduced change.

Of course, insect-resistant transgenic plants as used herein also include any plant comprising a combination of genes encoding a protein of any one of classes 1 to 10 above. In one embodiment, to broaden the range of target insect species affected when using different proteins directed to different target insect species, or to the same target insect species, but with different modes of action, such as different receptors in insects. Insect-resistant plants contain more than one transgene encoding any one of the classes 1-10 above to delay the development of insect resistance to plants by using different proteins that bind to the binding site.

“Insect-resistant transgenic plants” as used herein are plant insects, as described for example in WO 2007/080126, WO 2006/129204, WO 2007/074405, WO 2007/080127 and WO 2007/035650 It further includes any plant containing one or more transgenes comprising sequences that produce upon expression of double-stranded RNA that inhibits the growth of such insect pests when ingested by the pest.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) that can also be treated according to the invention are resistant to abiotic stress. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress tolerant plants include:

1) Expression of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) gene in plant cells or plants, as described in WO 00/04173, WO 2006/045633, EP-A 1 807 519, or EP-A 2 018 431 And/or a plant containing a transgene capable of reducing activity.

2) Plants containing a stress tolerance enhancing transgene capable of reducing the expression and/or activity of a PARG coding gene in plants or plant cells, as described for example in WO 2004/090140.

3) Nicotinamidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyl transfer, as described for example in EP-A 1 794 306, WO 2006/133827, WO 2007/107326, EP-A 1 999 263, or WO 2007/107326 A stress tolerance enhancing transgene encoding a plant-functional enzyme of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide salvage synthesis pathway, including a nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenyl transferase, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase, or a nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase. Plants containing.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) that can also be treated according to the present invention can be used to alter the amount, quality and/or storage stability of the harvested product and/or It indicates a change in the properties of a particular ingredient:

1) Among the physical-chemical properties, in particular the amylose content or the amylose/amylopectin ratio, branching degree, average chain length, side chain distribution, viscosity behavior, gelling strength, starch granule size and/or starch granule morphology, in order to be more suitable for special applications. A transgenic plant that synthesizes modified starch, which has been altered compared to wild-type plant cells or starch synthesized in the plant. The transgenic plants synthesizing modified starch are, for example, EP-A 0 571 427, WO 95/04826, EP-A 0 719 338, WO 96/15248, WO 96/19581, WO 96/27674, WO 97 /11188, WO 97/26362, WO 97/32985, WO 97/42328, WO 97/44472, WO 97/45545, WO 98/27212, WO 98/40503, WO 99/58688, WO 99/58690, WO 99 /58654, WO 00/08184, WO 00/08185, WO 00/08175, WO 00/28052, WO 00/77229, WO 01/12782, WO 01/12826, WO 02/101059, WO 03/071860, WO 04 /056999, WO 05/030942, WO 2005/030941, WO 2005/095632, WO 2005/095617, WO 2005/095619, WO 2005/095618, WO 2005/123927, WO 2006/018319, WO 2006/103107, WO 2006 /108702, WO 2007/009823, WO 00/22140, WO 2006/063862, WO 2006/072603, WO 02/034923, WO 2008/017518, WO 2008/080630, WO 2008/080631, EP 07090007.1, WO 2008/090008 , WO 01/14569, WO 02/79410, WO 03/33540, WO 2004/078983, WO 01/19975, WO 95/26407, WO 96/34968, WO 98/20145, WO 99/12950, WO 99/66050 , WO 99/53072, US 6,734,341, WO 00/11192, WO 98/22604, WO 98/32326, WO 01/98509, WO 01/98509, WO 2005/002359, US 5,824,790, US 6,013,861, WO 94/04693, WO 94/09144, W O 94/11520, WO 95/35026, WO 97/20936, WO 2010/012796, WO 2010/003701,

2) Transgenic plants that synthesize non-starch carbohydrate polymers or synthesize non-starch carbohydrate polymers with altered properties compared to wild-type plants without genetic modification. Examples are plants that produce polyfructose (especially inulin and levan types), as disclosed in EP-A 0 663 956, WO 96/01904, WO 96/21023, WO 98/39460, and WO 99/24593, WO Plants producing alpha-1,4-glucan as disclosed in 95/31553, US 2002031826, US 6,284,479, US 5,712,107, WO 97/47806, WO 97/47807, WO 97/47808 and WO 00/14249, WO 00 Plants producing alpha-1,6 branched alpha-1,4-glucan as disclosed in /73422, and examples in WO 00/47727, WO 00/73422, EP 06077301.7, US 5,908,975 and EP-A 0 728 213 For example, it is a plant that produces alternans as disclosed.

3) Transgenic producing hyaluronan, as disclosed for example in WO 2006/032538, WO 2007/039314, WO 2007/039315, WO 2007/039316, JP-A 2006-304779, and WO 2005/012529 plant.

4) onion-like properties such as'high-soluble solids content','low irritation' (LP) and/or'long-term storage' (LS), as described in U.S. patent applications 12/020,360 and 61/054,026 Transgenic or hybrid plants.

Plants or plant cultivars (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which can also be treated according to the invention are plants with altered fiber properties, such as cotton plants. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations imparting such altered fiber properties, including:

a) Plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of the cellulose synthase gene, as described in WO 98/00549.

b) Plants, such as cotton plants, containing an altered form of rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acid, as described in WO 2004/053219.

c) Plants with increased sucrose phosphate synthase expression, such as cotton plants, as described in WO 01/17333.

d) Plants with increased sucrose synthase expression, such as cotton plants, as described in WO 02/45485.

e) The timing of plasmodesmatal gating based on fibrous cells, as described in WO 2009/143995, for example through downregulation of fiber-selective β-1,3-glucanase Modified plants, such as cotton plants.

f) Plants, such as cotton plants, with fibers whose reactivity has been altered through expression of the N-acetylglucoseamine transferase gene and chitin synthase gene, for example including nodC, as described in WO 2006/136351.

Plants or plant cultivars (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which can also be treated according to the invention are plants with altered oil profile properties, such as rapeseed or related brassica plants. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations imparting such altered oil profile properties, including:

a) Plants producing oils with high oleic acid content, such as rapeseed plants, as described for example in US 5,969,169, US 5,840,946 or US 6,323,392 or US 6,063,947

b) Plants such as rapeseed plants that produce oils with a low linolenic acid content, as described in US 6,270,828, US 6,169,190, or US 5,965,755.

c) Plants such as rapeseed plants that produce oils with low levels of saturated fatty acids as described for example in US 5,434,283 or US patent application 12/668303

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the invention (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are plants with altered seed shattering properties, such as rapeseed or related brassica plants. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing mutations imparting such altered seed shedding properties, and described in US patent applications 61/135,230, WO 2009/068313 and WO 2010/006732. Such plants include plants such as rapeseed plants with delayed or reduced seed shedding.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the invention (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) have a post-translational protein modification pattern as described for example in WO 2010/121818 and WO 2010/145846. Modified plants, such as tobacco plants.

Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the present invention are the subject of a petition for non-regulatory status of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in the United States. It is irrelevant whether such a petition is licensed or is still pending), a transformation event, or a plant containing a combination of transformation events. Such information is readily available at any time from APHIS (4700 Riverdale River Road, MD 20737, USA), for example at its Internet site (URL http://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/not_reg.html). . At the filing date of this application, petitions for non-regulated status pending with APHIS or granted by APHIS contain the following information:

-Petition: Petition identification number. A technical description of the transformation event can be found in the individual petition documents obtainable from APHIS, for example by reference to this petition number on the APHIS website. This description is incorporated herein by reference.

-Petition extension: A reference to a previous petition for which an extension is requested.

-Agency: The name of the entity filing the petition.

-Regulated article: plant species involved.

-Transgenic phenotype: A trait imparted to a plant by a transformation event.

-Transformation Event or Line: The name of the event or events for which non-regulatory status is requested (sometimes also designated as line or line).

-APHIS Documents: Various documents that are published by APHIS and may be requested by APHIS in connection with the petition.

Further particularly useful plants containing a single transformation event or a combination of transformation events are listed, for example in databases of various national and regional regulatory agencies (eg http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse. aspx and http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php).

Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the invention are plants that contain a transformation event or a combination of transformation events, including, for example, the plants listed in the databases of various national or regional regulatory agencies: Event 1143 -14A (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128569); Event 1143-51B (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128570); Event 1445 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2002-120964 or WO 02/034946); Event 17053 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-9843, described in WO 2010/117737); Event 17314 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-9844, described in WO 2010/117735); Event 281-24-236 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-6233, described in WO 2005/103266 or US-A 2005-216969); Event 3006-210-23 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-6233, described in US-A 2007-143876 or WO 2005/103266); Event 3272 (corn, quality trait, deposited as PTA-9972, described in WO 2006/098952 or US-A 2006-230473); Event 40416 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11508, described in WO 2011/075593); Event 43A47 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11509, described in WO 2011/075595); Event 5307 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-9561, described in WO 2010/077816); Event ASR-368 (ventilator, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4816, described in US-A 2006-162007 or WO 2004/053062); Event B16 (corn, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2003-126634); Event BPS-CV127-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No. 41603, described in WO 2010/080829); Event CE43-67B (cotton, insect control, deposited as DSM ACC2724, described in US-A 2009-217423 or WO2006/128573); Event CE44-69D (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2010-0024077); Event CE44-69D (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128571); Event CE46-02A (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128572); Event COT102 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2006-130175 or WO 2004/039986); Event COT202 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2007-067868 or WO 2005/054479); Event COT203 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2005/054480); Event DAS40278 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10244, described in WO 2011/022469); Event DAS-59122-7 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA 11384, described in US-A 2006-070139); Event DAS-59132 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in WO 2009/100188); Event DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10442, described in WO 2011/066384 or WO 2011/066360); Event DP-098140-6 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8296, described in US-A 2009-137395 or WO 2008/112019); Event DP-305423-1 (soybean, quality trait, not deposited, described in US-A 2008-312082 or WO 2008/054747); Event DP-32138-1 (corn, hybridization system, deposited as ATCC PTA-9158, described in US-A 2009-0210970 or WO 2009/103049); Event DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, described in US-A 2010-0184079 or WO 2008/002872); Event EE-1 (eggplant, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2007/091277); Event FI117 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209031, described in US-A 2006-059581 or WO 98/044140); Event GA21 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, described in US-A 2005-086719 or WO 98/044140); Event GG25 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209032, described in US-A 2005-188434 or WO 98/044140); Event GHB119 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8398, described in WO 2008/151780); Event GHB614 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6878, described in US-A 2010-050282 or WO 2007/017186); Event GJ11 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209030, described in US-A 2005-188434 or WO 98/044140); Event GM RZ13 (sugar beet, virus resistance, deposited as NCIMB-41601, described in WO 2010/076212); Event H7-1 (sugar beet, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41158 or NCIMB 41159, described in US-A 2004-172669 or WO 2004/074492); Event JOPLIN1 (wheat, disease tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2008-064032); Event LL27 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB41658, described in WO 2006/108674 or US-A 2008-320616); Event LL55 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41660, described in WO 2006/108675 or US-A 2008-196127); Event LLcotton25 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3343, described in WO 03/013224 or US-A 2003-097687); Event LLRICE06 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC-23352, described in US 6,468,747 or WO 00/026345); Event LLRICE601 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-2600, described in US-A 2008-2289060 or WO 00/026356); Event LY038 (corn, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-5623, described in US-A 2007-028322 or WO 2005/061720); Event MIR162 (corn, insect control, deposited as PTA-8166, described in US-A 2009-300784 or WO 2007/142840); Event MIR604 (corn, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2008-167456 or WO 2005/103301); Event MON15985 (cotton, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-2516, described in US-A 2004-250317 or WO 02/100163); Event MON810 (corn, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2002-102582); Event MON863 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-2605, described in WO 2004/011601 or US-A 2006-095986); Event MON87427 (corn, moisture control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7899, described in WO 2011/062904); Event MON87460 (corn, stress tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8910, described in WO 2009/111263 or US-A 2011-0138504); Event MON87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, described in US-A 2009-130071 or WO 2009/064652); Event MON87705 (soybean, quality trait-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, described in US-A 2010-0080887 or WO 2010/037016); Event MON87708 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA9670, described in WO 2011/034704); Event MON87754 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385, described in WO 2010/024976); Event MON87769 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-8911, described in US-A 2011-0067141 or WO 2009/102873); Event MON88017 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-5582, described in US-A 2008-028482 or WO 2005/059103); Event MON88913 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4854, described in WO 2004/072235 or US-A 2006-059590); Event MON89034 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7455, described in WO 2007/140256 or US-A 2008-260932); Event MON89788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, described in US-A 2006-282915 or WO 2006/130436); Event MS11 (rapeseed, moisture control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-850 or PTA-2485, described in WO 01/031042); Event MS8 (rapeseed, moisture control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO 01/041558 or US-A 2003-188347); Event NK603 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-2478, described in US-A 2007-292854); Event PE-7 (rice, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2008/114282); Event RF3 (rapeseed, moisture control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO 01/041558 or US-A 2003-188347); Event RT73 (rapeseed, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in WO 02/036831 or US-A 2008-070260); Event T227-1 (sugar beet, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in WO 02/44407 or US-A 2009-265817); Event T25 (corn, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2001-029014 or WO 01/051654); Event T304-40 (cotton, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8171, described in US-A 2010-077501 or WO 2008/122406); Event T342-142 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128568); Event TC1507 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, not deposited, described in US-A 2005-039226 or WO 2004/099447); Event VIP1034 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3925, described in WO 03/052073), Event 32316 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-11507, WO 2011/084632 ), Event 4114 (corn, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-11506, described in WO 2011/084621).

Very particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the invention are plants that contain a transformation event or a combination of transformation events, including, for example, the plants listed in the databases of various national or regional regulatory agencies: Events BPS-CV127-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No. 41603, described in WO 2010/080829); Event DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10442, described in WO 2011/066384 or WO 2011/066360); Event DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, described in US-A 2010-0184079 or WO 2008/002872); Event EE-1 (eggplant, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2007/091277); Event FI117 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209031, described in US-A 2006-059581 or WO 98/044140); Event GA21 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, described in US-A 2005-086719 or WO 98/044140), Event LL27 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB41658, WO 2006/108674 or US- A 2008-320616); Event LL55 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41660, described in WO 2006/108675 or US-A 2008-196127); Event MON87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, described in US-A 2009-130071 or WO 2009/064652); Event MON87705 (soybean, quality trait-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, described in US-A 2010-0080887 or WO 2010/037016); Event MON87708 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA9670, described in WO 2011/034704); Event MON87754 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385, described in WO 2010/024976); Event MON87769 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-8911, described in US-A 2011-0067141 or WO 2009/102873); Event MON89788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, described in US-A 2006-282915 or WO 2006/130436).

Transgenic soybeans are particularly preferred.

Application rate and timing

When the combination or composition of the present invention is used as a fungicide, the application rate can vary within a relatively wide range depending on the type of application. The rate of application of the combination or composition is as follows:

When treating plant parts, for example leaves: 0.1 to 10 000 g/ha, preferably 10 to 1000 g/ha, more preferably 10 to 800 g/ha, even more preferably 50 to 300 g/ha (in the case of application by irrigation or dripping, in particular when an inert material such as rock wool or perlite is used, it is also possible to reduce the application rate);

In the case of seed treatment: 2 to 200 g per 100 kg of seeds, preferably 3 to 150 g per 100 kg of seeds, more preferably 2.5 to 25 g per 100 kg of seeds, even more preferably 2.5 per 100 kg of seeds To 12.5 g;

-For soil treatment: 0.1 to 10 000 g/ha, preferably 1 to 5000 g/ha.

These application rates are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the purpose of the present invention.

Thus, the combinations or compositions of the present invention can be used to protect plants from attack by the mentioned pathogens for a period of time after treatment. The period in which protection is provided is generally 1 to 84 days, preferably 1 to 56 days, more preferably 1 to 28 days, most preferably 1 to 14 days, or after treatment of the plant with the combination or composition. It reaches up to 200 days after seed treatment.

The treatment method according to the invention also provides for the use or application of the combination partners (A) and (B) in a simultaneous, separate or sequential manner. If single active ingredients are applied in a sequential manner, ie at different times, they are applied one after the other within a reasonably short time, such as hours or days. Preferably, the order in which compounds (A) and (B) are applied is not critical in carrying out the present invention.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the combination partners (A) and (B) are applied simultaneously or sequentially.

The plants listed can be treated according to the invention with a combination or composition of the invention particularly advantageously. The preferred ranges mentioned above for the combination or composition also apply to the treatment of such plants. Particular emphasis is placed on the treatment of plants with the combinations or compositions specifically mentioned herein.

According to another aspect of the invention, in the combination or composition according to the invention, the compound ratio A/B can be advantageously selected so that a synergistic effect is produced. The term synergistic effect is understood to mean in particular what is defined in Colby, "Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations" Weeds, (1967), 15, pp 20-22.

The following formula has been mentioned in this document:

[Wherein, E represents the expected percent inhibition of the pest for a combination of two compounds at the specified dose (e.g., equal to x and y, respectively), and X is the specified dose (equal to x) of compound (A) Is the percentage of inhibition observed for pests by and Y is the percentage of inhibition observed for pests by the specified dose (equal to y) of compound (B)]. If the percentage of inhibition observed for the combination is greater than E, there is a synergistic effect.

The term "synergistic effect" also means an effect defined by applying the Tammes method ("Isoboles, a graphic representation of synergism in pesticides", Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 70 (1964), pp. 73-80).

There is always a synergistic effect in the fungicide when the fungicidal action of the combination of active compounds exceeds the expected action of the active compounds.

The expected fungicidal action for a given combination of two or three active compounds is as follows according to the literature [SR Colby, "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations", Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22]. You can calculate:

X is the efficacy when using active compound A at an application rate of m g/ha,

Y is the efficacy when active compound B is used at an application rate of n g/ha,

E is the efficacy when using active compounds A and B at application rates of m and n g/ha,

E = X + Y (X*Y)/100.

At this time, the efficacy is determined in %. 0% means efficacy corresponding to that of the control, while 100% efficacy means that no infection is observed.

If the actual fungicidal action exceeds the calculated value, the action of the combination is super-additive, i.e. a synergistic effect exists. In this case, the actual observed efficacy should exceed the value calculated using the above equation for the expected efficacy (E).

The invention is illustrated below by way of examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example One Foxynia Triticina -Test (wheat) / preventive

Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

In order to produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound or combination of active compounds is mixed with the stated amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, young plants are sprayed with a preparation of the active compound or a combination of active compounds at the stated application rates.

After the spray coating has dried, the plants have foxynia Tea tree was sprayed with a spore suspension of Sinai. The plants were placed in an incubation cabinet at about 20° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 100% for 48 hours.

The plants were placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 20° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 80%.

The test was evaluated 8 days after inoculation. 0% means an efficacy corresponding to that of the untreated control, while 100% efficacy means that no disease is observed.

The table below clearly indicates that the observed activity of the combination of active compounds according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, ie that a synergistic effect is present.

Example 2 Leptospareia Nodo Room Test (wheat) / preventive

Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

In order to produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound or combination of active compounds is mixed with the stated amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, young plants are sprayed with a preparation of the active compound or a combination of active compounds at the stated application rates.

After the spray coating dried, the plants repto Spa Area It was sprayed with a spore suspension of the surf room. The plants were placed in an incubation cabinet at about 20° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 100% for 48 hours.

The plants were placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 22° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 80%.

The test was evaluated 8 days after inoculation. 0% means an efficacy corresponding to that of the untreated control, while 100% efficacy means that no disease is observed.

The table below clearly indicates that the observed activity of the combination of active compounds according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, ie that a synergistic effect is present.

Example 3 Septoria Tritis -Test (wheat) / preventive

Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

In order to produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound or combination of active compounds is mixed with the stated amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, young plants are sprayed with a preparation of the active compound or a combination of active compounds at the stated application rates.

After the spray coating has dried, the plant has septoria It was sprayed with a spore suspension of the tree during tea. The plants were placed in an incubation cabinet at about 20° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 100% for 48 hours, followed by 60 hours in a translucent incubation cabinet at about 15° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 100%.

The plants were placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 15° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 80%.

The test was evaluated 21 days after inoculation. 0% means an efficacy corresponding to that of the untreated control, while 100% efficacy means that no disease is observed.

The table below clearly indicates that the observed activity of the combination of active compounds according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, ie that a synergistic effect is present.

Example 4 Blumeria Test (barley) / preventive

Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

In order to produce a suitable preparation of the active compound, 1 part by weight of the active compound or combination of active compounds is mixed with the stated amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, young plants are sprayed with a preparation of the active compound or a combination of active compounds at the stated application rates.

After the spray coating has dried, the plants are treated with Blumeria f. sp . The spores of the Day Hor (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) was salbun.

Plants were placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 18° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 80% to promote the development of powdery mildew pustules.

The test was evaluated 7 days after inoculation. 0% means an efficacy corresponding to that of the untreated control, while 100% efficacy means that no disease is observed.

The table below clearly indicates that the observed activity of the combination of active compounds according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, ie that a synergistic effect is present.

Claims (25)

(A) isotianil and
(B) (B1) member of the host defense inducer group selected from tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2)
At least one additional compound selected from the group comprising
Composition comprising a. The composition of claim 1 comprising components (A):(B) in a weight ratio of 1:25 to 25:1. A method for preparing a composition comprising mixing the composition according to claim 1 or 2 with a bulking agent, a surfactant or a combination thereof. Plant pathogenic microorganisms comprising fungi and bacteria or their habitat are at least one selected from the composition according to claim 1 or 2 or component (A) which is isotianil and tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2). A method for controlling plant pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting with a combination of component (B) which is a compound of. The plant pathogenic bacteria of claim 4, wherein the plant pathogenic bacteria are Acidovorax avenae and/or Burkholderia glumae in rice, Candidatus Liberibacter spp. in citrus fruits. ) and / or Xanthomonas evil Sono Pho display pathogen strains sheets Lee (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri), the the pathogen strains actinoids Pseudomonas siringa in kiwi (Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae), Xanthomonas in peach Kam Fast-less (Xanthomonas campestris), and / or Xanthomonas Kam paste less pathogenic strains program Rooney (Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni), the pathogen Pseudomonas siringa in soybean varieties glycidyl cine O (. Pseudomonas syringae pv glycinea) and / or xanthosine Monas axonopodis pathogen variant glycines ( Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines ), Burkholderia spec. in cereals and/or Xanthomonas transluscens ( Xanthomonas transluscens ), Pseudomonas syringae in tomatoes ( Pseudomonas syringae), pathogenic strains tomato Pseudomonas siringa (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) and / or Xanthomonas Calm fest lease, pathogen Pseudomonas siringa and / or Pseudomonas siringa of cucumber varieties Lac Lehman's (Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans ), Erwinia atroseptica on potatoes, Erwinia caratovora and/or Streptomyces scabies . 5. A method according to claim 4 comprising applying components (A) and (B) simultaneously or sequentially. Plant pathogenic microorganisms comprising fungi and bacteria or their habitat are at least one selected from the composition according to claim 1 or 2 or component (A) which is isotianil and tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2). A method of controlling plant pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting with a combination of component (B), which is a compound of, wherein the amount of the composition is 0.1 g/ha to 10 kg for leaf and soil treatment How to be /ha. The seed is a composition according to claim 1 or 2 or a combination of component (A) which is isotianyl and component (B) which is at least one compound selected from tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2) A method of treating seeds comprising contacting. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the seed is a transgenic seed. The seed is a composition according to claim 1 or 2 or a combination of component (A) which is isotianyl and component (B) which is at least one compound selected from tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2) A method of treating seeds comprising contacting, wherein the amount of the composition is 2 to 200 g per 100 kg of seeds. The method according to claim 8, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at the same time as the time it is treated with component (B). The method according to claim 8, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than the time it is treated with component (B). Seeds treated with the composition according to claim 1 or 2. The seed according to claim 13, which is a transgenic seed. 6. The method of claim 5 comprising applying components (A) and (B) simultaneously or sequentially. Plant pathogenic microorganisms comprising fungi and bacteria or their habitat are at least one selected from the composition according to claim 1 or 2 or component (A) which is isotianil and tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2). A method for controlling plant pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting with a combination of component (B), which is a compound of, wherein the plant pathogenic bacteria are acidovorax avenae in rice and / Or Burkholderia glumae , Candidatus Liberibacter spec. in citrus fruits, and/or Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri , a pathogen variant of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant actinidae in kiwi ( Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidae ), Xanthomonas campestris in peaches ( Xanthomonas campestris ) and/or Xanthomonas campestris pathogen variant Pruni ( Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni ), Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant glycinea in soybeans ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea ) and/or Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines pathogen variant in soybeans, Burgholderia species in cereals (Burkholderia spec.) and / or Xanthomonas trans Lou sense (Xanthomonas transluscens), Pseudomonas siringa in tomato (Pseudomonas syringae), pathogenic strains tomato Pseudomonas siringa (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) and / or Xanthomonas Kam Fast-less, pathogen Pseudomonas siringa and / or Pseudomonas siringa in cucumber varieties easier Riemann's (Pseudomonas syringae pv. la chrymans ), Erwinia atroseptica in potatoes, Erwinia caratovora and/or Streptomyces scabies , wherein the amount of the composition is selected from leaves and soil Process from 0.1 g/ha to 10 kg/ha for treatment. Plant pathogenic microorganisms comprising fungi and bacteria or their habitat are at least one selected from the composition according to claim 1 or 2 or component (A) which is isotianil and tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2). A method for controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting with a combination of component (B), which is a compound of, wherein components (A) and (B) are applied simultaneously or sequentially, , Wherein the amount of the composition is from 0.1 g/ha to 10 kg/ha for foliar and soil treatment. Plant pathogenic microorganisms comprising fungi and bacteria or their habitat are at least one selected from the composition according to claim 1 or 2 or component (A) which is isotianil and tiadinil (2.1) and probenazole (2.2). A method for controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting with a combination of component (B), which is a compound of, wherein components (A) and (B) are applied simultaneously or sequentially, , Plant pathogenic bacteria are Acidovorax avenae and/or Burkholderia glumae in rice, Candidatus Liberibacter spec. in citrus fruits and/or Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogen variant citri ( Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri ), Pseudomonas syringae pathogen variant actinidae in kiwi ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae ), Xanthomonas campestris in peaches ( Xanthomonas campestris) ) and / or Xanthomonas Calm fest lease pathogen strains programs Rooney (Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni), the pathogen Pseudomonas siringa in soybean varieties glee Cine Ah (Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea) and / or Xanthomonas evil Sono Pho display pathogen strains glee Sines (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines), in grain Burkholderia species (Burkholderia spec.) and / or Xanthomonas trans Lou sense (Xanthomonas transluscens), (Pseudomonas syringae ) Pseudomonas siringa in tomato, Pseudomonas Syringae pathogen variant tomato ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato ) and/or Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas syringae and/or Pseudomonas syringae in cucumbers The pathogen variant Lakrimans ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans ), Erwinia atroseptica in potatoes, Erwinia caratovora and/or Streptomyces scabies , and the amount of the composition is leaf and soil treatment 0.1 g/ha to 10 kg/ha for the method. The method according to claim 10, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at the same time as the time it is treated with component (B). The method according to claim 10, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than the time it is treated with component (B). 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the seed is a transgenic seed. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the seeds are treated with component (A) at the same time as they are treated with component (B). The method according to claim 21, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than the time it is treated with component (B). The method according to claim 9, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at the same time as the time it is treated with component (B). The method according to claim 9, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than the time it is treated with component (B).