TWI649032B - Binary fungicidal and bactericidal combinations - Google Patents

Binary fungicidal and bactericidal combinations Download PDF

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TWI649032B
TWI649032B TW107103027A TW107103027A TWI649032B TW I649032 B TWI649032 B TW I649032B TW 107103027 A TW107103027 A TW 107103027A TW 107103027 A TW107103027 A TW 107103027A TW I649032 B TWI649032 B TW I649032B
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methyl
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TW201818818A (en
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彼得 達曼
巫里克 瓦臣朵夫紐曼
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德商拜耳作物科學股份有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/80Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2

Abstract

本發明係關於新穎活性化合物之組合物,特別是殺真菌及/或殺昆蟲及/或殺細菌組成物,其包含(A)異噻菌胺(isotianil)及至少一種殺真菌活性化合物(B),其係選自包含下列之群組:(B1)選自噻醯菌胺(tiadinil)及噻菌靈(probenazole)之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,及包含(B2)選自異皮姆(isopyrazam)及丙環唑(propiconazole)之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員。 The invention relates to a composition of a novel active compound, in particular a fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/or bactericidal composition comprising (A) isotianil and at least one fungicidally active compound (B) And is selected from the group consisting of: (B1) a member of a host defense inducer group selected from the group consisting of tiadinil and probenazole, and comprising (B2) selected from the group consisting of allopurin (isopyrazam) and members of other fungicide groups of propiconazole.

Description

二元之殺真菌及殺細菌組合物  Binary fungicidal and bactericidal compositions  

本發明係關於新穎活性化合物之組合物,特別是殺真菌及/或殺昆蟲及/或殺細菌組成物,其包含(A)異噻菌胺(3,4-二氯-N-(2-氰基苯基)-5-異噻唑-羧醯胺)及至少一種選自下列群組所包含之其他化合物(B):(B1)選自噻醯菌胺及噻菌靈之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,及(B2)選自異皮姆及丙環唑之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員。 The present invention relates to compositions of novel active compounds, in particular fungicidal and/or insecticidal and/or bactericidal compositions comprising (A) Isotianil (3,4-dichloro-N-(2- a cyanophenyl)-5-isothiazole-carboxamide and at least one other compound (B) selected from the group consisting of: (B1) a host defense inducer selected from the group consisting of thiabendamine and thiabendazole a member of the group, and (B2) a member selected from the group of other fungicides of isopir and propiconazole.

本發明進一步係關於製備這些組合物之方法,關於包含這些組合物之組成物,及關於其作為生物活性組合物之用途,尤其是於作物保護及於保護物質及於促進植物健康上用來控制有害微生物之用途。再者,本發明係關於治療性或預防性地防治植物或作物病原性真菌或細菌的方法,關於根據本發明之組成物於處理種子之用途,關於保護種子之方法而非僅止於處理種子。 The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of these compositions, to the use of compositions comprising these compositions, and to their use as bioactive compositions, in particular for crop protection and protection of substances and for the promotion of plant health Use of harmful microorganisms. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for the therapeutic or prophylactic control of plant or crop pathogenic fungi or bacteria, with regard to the use of the composition according to the invention for the treatment of seeds, with regard to the method of protecting the seeds rather than merely treating the seeds .

已知異噻菌胺(化合物(A))極適合用來保護植物以對抗所不要之植物病原性真菌及微生物,特別是細菌(WO 99/024 413,WO 2006/098128,JP 2007-84566,WO 96/29871US-A 5,240,951及JP-A 06-009313,WO 2010/089055)。根據本發明之異噻菌胺(化合物(A))既適合啟動植物之防禦以免受所不想要之植物病原性真菌及微生物攻擊且亦作為殺微生物劑以直接控制植物病原性真菌及微生物,特 別是細菌。而且,異噻菌胺亦具有活性以對抗危害植物之蟲害(WO 99/24414)。異噻菌胺與所選擇之殺真菌劑之組合物係說明於WO 2005/009130及WO 2010/069489。此物質之活性良好;然而,於低施用率時其於某些情況中不能令人滿意。 Isotianil (compound (A)) is known to be highly suitable for the protection of plants against undesirable phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, in particular bacteria (WO 99/024 413, WO 2006/098128, JP 2007-84566, WO 96/29871 US-A 5,240,951 and JP-A 06-009313, WO 2010/089055). The isotianil (compound (A)) according to the invention is suitable both for initiating the defense of plants against attack by unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms and also as a microbicide for the direct control of phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, in particular It is a bacterium. Moreover, isotianil is also active against pests that are harmful to plants (WO 99/24414). Combinations of isotianil with a selected fungicide are described in WO 2005/009130 and WO 2010/069489. The activity of this material is good; however, it is unsatisfactory in some cases at low application rates.

再者,由於現代所施加的殺真菌劑及殺菌劑的環境及經濟要求不斷提高,對於,例如,作用的範圍,毒性,選擇性,施用率,殘質之形成,及有利的製劑能力,且因為,另外,可能出現問題,例如,抗性,一個固定的任務為發展新穎殺真菌劑及/或殺細菌劑,其於某些領域至少優於其等已知之類同者。 Furthermore, due to the increasing environmental and economic requirements of modernly applied fungicides and fungicides, for example, the extent of action, toxicity, selectivity, application rate, formation of residues, and advantageous formulation capabilities, and Because, in addition, problems may arise, such as resistance, a fixed task is the development of novel fungicides and/or bactericides, which in some fields are at least superior to their known ones.

本發明係提供活性化合物組合物/組成物,其於某些方面至少達到既定目標。 The present invention provides active compound compositions/compositions which, in certain aspects, at least achieve the stated objectives.

現今另人驚訝的發現,該組合物,其包含(A)異噻菌胺及(B)至少一種選自包含下列之群組之其他殺真菌劑:(B1)選自噻醯菌胺(2.1)及噻菌靈(2.2)之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,且包含(B2)選自異皮姆(2.3)及丙環唑(2.4)之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員,具有如現有技藝中已知之該等組合物之優異功效。 Surprisingly, it has now been found that the composition comprises (A) Isotianil and (B) at least one fungicide selected from the group consisting of: (B1) selected from the group consisting of thiabendamine (2.1) And a member of the group of host defense inducers of thiabendazole (2.2), and comprising (B2) a member of a group of other fungicides selected from the group consisting of isopir (2.3) and propiconazole (2.4), having The superior efficacy of such compositions is known in the art.

相較於已知技藝之組成物,根據本發明之組合物顯示對抗有害微生物,特別是植物病原性真菌及細菌之優異功效。 The compositions according to the invention exhibit superior efficacy against harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, compared to compositions of the known art.

特別的,根據本發明之組合物,於其施用作為殺真菌劑或殺細菌劑以對抗有害微生物,特別是植物病原性真菌及細菌時,宜具有協同效應。 In particular, the compositions according to the invention preferably have a synergistic effect when applied as a fungicide or bactericide to combat harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria.

另外,相較於現有技藝之已知組合物,根據本發明之組合物於對抗有害微生物,特別是植物病原性真菌及細菌時具有優異協同效應。 Additionally, the compositions according to the present invention have excellent synergistic effects against harmful microorganisms, particularly phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, as compared to known compositions of the prior art.

根據本發明之組合物及組成物的協同效應以兩種方式延 伸組成份(A)及組成份(B)之作用範圍。首先,組成份(A)及組成份(B)之施用率被降低,但能保持同樣良好之作用。第二,即便該兩個獨立化合物在如此低的施用率範圍已成為完全無效時,該組合物仍達到高程度之植物病原體防治。其一方面允許實質上擴大可控制之植物病原菌範圍且,另一方面增加使用時的安全性。 The synergistic effect of the composition and composition according to the present invention extends the range of action of component (A) and component (B) in two ways. First, the application rate of the component (A) and the component (B) is lowered, but the same good effect can be maintained. Second, the composition achieves a high degree of phytopathogen control even when the two separate compounds have become completely ineffective at such low application rates. On the one hand it allows a substantial expansion of the range of controllable plant pathogens and on the other hand increases the safety in use.

然而,除了就殺真菌或殺細菌活性的實際協同作用,根據本發明之殺蟲組成物亦進一步具有令人驚訝的有利特性,其在更廣泛意義上,亦可謂協同活性。可提及之此等有利特點之實例為:擴大範圍至其他植物病原菌之殺真菌活性,例如對於抗性菌株;活性組份施用率降低;藉助於根據本發明之組成物的充分蟲害控制,甚至是在個別化合物完全無效的施用率時;於調配或於施用時,例如於磨碎,網篩,乳化,溶解或分散時之有利作用;提昇儲存穩定性;改善對光之穩定性;更有利之降解;改善毒物學的或生態毒性作用;改善有用植物之特性,包括:萌芽,作物產量,根系較發展,分蘗增加,植株高度增加,葉片較大,基部枯葉較少,分蘗較強,葉色較綠,所需之肥料較少,需要較少種子,分蘗較具生產性,提早開花,提早穀粒成熟,植物倒伏較少,增加幼芽生長,改善植物茁壯,及提早發芽;或精於此方面技藝之人士所熟悉之任何其他優點。 However, in addition to the actual synergistic effect on fungicidal or bactericidal activity, the pesticidal compositions according to the invention further have surprisingly advantageous properties which, in a broader sense, are also synergistic. Examples of such advantageous features which may be mentioned are: broadening the fungicidal activity to other plant pathogenic bacteria, for example for resistant strains; reducing the application rate of the active ingredient; even with adequate pest control of the composition according to the invention, It is an application rate when the individual compounds are completely ineffective; in the formulation or at the time of application, for example, in the case of grinding, meshing, emulsifying, dissolving or dispersing; improving storage stability; improving stability to light; Degradation; improve toxicological or ecotoxic effects; improve the characteristics of useful plants, including: germination, crop yield, root development, increased tillering, increased plant height, larger leaves, less dead leaves at the base, stronger tiller, leaf color Greener, requires less fertilizer, requires less seeds, is more productive, early flowering, early grain ripening, less plant lodging, increased shoot growth, improved plant growth, and early germination; Any other advantages familiar to those skilled in the art.

根據本發明之組合物亦可對於所使用之活性化合物提供一改良的系統性。的確,即便某些所使用之殺真菌化合物不具有任何或一令人滿意的系統性,於根據本發明之組成物中,這些化合物可展現此等特性。 The compositions according to the invention may also provide an improved systemic activity for the active compounds used. Indeed, even though some of the fungicidal compounds used do not have any or a satisfactory systemicity, these compounds exhibit such properties in the compositions according to the invention.

以類似方式,根據本發明之組合物能夠允許該所採用之活性化合物之殺真菌功效持續的提高。 In a similar manner, the compositions according to the invention are capable of allowing a continuous increase in the fungicidal efficacy of the active compounds employed.

另一個根據本發明之組合物的優點在於可達到提高的治 病功效(curativity)。 Another advantage of the composition according to the invention is that an improved curative effect can be achieved.

化合物(A)異噻菌胺係與(B)至少一種化合物其選自包含下列之群組:(B1)選自噻醯菌胺(2.1)及噻菌靈(2.2)之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,且包含(B2)選自異皮姆(2.3)及丙環唑(2.4)之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員。 Compound (A) Isotianil and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: (B1) a host defense inducer selected from the group consisting of thiabendamine (2.1) and thiabendazole (2.2) A member of the group and comprising (B2) a member of a group of other fungicides selected from the group consisting of isopir (2.3) and propiconazole (2.4).

(A)異噻菌胺(化學名稱3,4-二氯-N-(2-氰基苯基)-5-異噻唑-羧醯胺)及其根據市售可得化合物之製法可見於WO 99/024413。 (A) Isotianil (chemical name 3,4-dichloro-N-(2-cyanophenyl)-5-isothiazole-carboxamide) and its preparation according to commercially available compounds can be found in WO 99/024413.

(2.1)噻醯菌胺(化學名稱:N-(3-氯-4-甲基苯基)-4-甲基-1,2,3-噻二唑-5-羧醯胺)及其根據市售可得化合物之製法可見於WO 96/29871/US 6166054。 (2.1) Thiamphenicol (chemical name: N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-carboxamide) and its basis Processes for the preparation of commercially available compounds can be found in WO 96/29871/US 6166054.

(2.2)噻菌靈(化學名稱:3-(2-丙烯基氧基)-1,2-苯並異噻唑1,1-二氧化物)及其根據市售可得之化合物的製備方法可見於US3629428。 (2.2) Thiabendazole (chemical name: 3-(2-propenyloxy)-1,2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide) and a preparation method thereof according to a commercially available compound See US3629428.

(2.3)異皮姆為一包含3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基 -N-[(1RS,4SR,9RS)-1,2,3,4-四氫-9-異丙基-1,4-甲撐萘-5-基]吡唑-4-羧醯胺順式異構物兩者及3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[(1RS,4SR,9SR)-1,2,3,4-四氫-9-異丙基-1,4-甲撐萘-5-基]吡唑-4-羧醯胺反式異構物兩者之組合物。異皮姆進一步包含異皮姆(反式差向異構外消旋體1RS,4SR,9SR),異皮姆(反式差向對映異構物1R,4S,9S),異皮姆(反式差向對映異構物1S,4R,9R),異皮姆(順式差向異構外消旋體1RS,4SR,9RS),異皮姆(順式差向對映異構物1R,4S,9R),及異皮姆(順式差向對映異構物1S,4R,9S)。異皮姆及其根據市售可得化合物之製法係給定於WO 2004/035589。 (2.3) Isopir is a 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(1RS,4SR,9RS)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-isopropyl group -1,4-Methoxynaphthalen-5-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxyguanamine cis isomers and 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[(1RS, 4SR , 9SR)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-isopropyl-1,4-methylnaphthalen-5-yl]pyrazole-4-carboxyguanamine trans isomer Things. Isopir further comprises isopiram (trans-isomeric racemates 1RS, 4SR, 9SR), isopiram (trans-diverse enantiomers 1R, 4S, 9S), isopiram ( Trans-Dienomers 1S, 4R, 9R), Isopir (cis-episomeric racemate 1RS, 4SR, 9RS), Isopir (cis-dif Enantiomer) 1R, 4S, 9R), and isopiram (cis diastereomeric 1S, 4R, 9S). Isopic and its method of preparation according to commercially available compounds are given in WO 2004/035589.

(2.4)丙環唑(化學名稱:1-[[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4-丙基-1,3-二氧戊環-2-基]甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑)及其根據市售可得化合物之製法可見於DE-A 2551560。 (2.4) Propiconazole (chemical name: 1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl]-1H -1,2,4-triazole) and its preparation according to commercially available compounds can be found in DE-A 2,551,560.

根據本發明之組合物或組成物的化合物(A)異噻菌胺及化合物(B)(2.1,2.2,2.3,及2.4)可以任何此二個必須組成份之間的特定比率來合併。根據本發明之組合物或組成物中,化合物(A)及化合物(B)係以(A):(B)為1000:1至1:1000之協同有效重量比率範圍,宜以500:1至1:500之重量比率,最宜為以100:1至1:100之重量比率存在。隨喜好可使用於根據本發明之其他(A):(B)比率可給定之順序為:800:1至1:800,700:1至1:700,750:1至1:750,600:1至1:600,400:1至1:400,300:1至1:300,250:1至1:250,200:1至1:200,95:1至1:95,90:1至1: 90,85:1至1:85,80:1至1:80,75:1至1:75,70:1至1:70,65:1至1:65,60:1至1:60,55:1至1:55,45:1至1:45,40:1至1:40,35:1至1:35,30:1至1:30,25:1至1:25,20:1至1:20,15:1至1:15,10:1至1:10,5:1至1:5,4:1至1:4,3:1至1:3,2:1至1:2。較佳比率為25:1至1:25,20:1至1:20,15:1至1:15,10:1至1:10,5:1至1:5,4:1至1:4,3:1至1:3,2:1至1:2。根據本發明之較佳具體例,該組合物組份(A):(B)係以1:25至25:1之重量比率存在。更宜之比率為10:1至1:10,5:1至1:5,4:1至1:4,3:1至1:3,2:1至1:2。最佳之比率為5:1至1:5,4:1至1:4,3:1至1:3,2:1至1:2。 The compound (A) Isotianil and the compound (B) (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4) according to the composition or composition of the present invention may be combined at a specific ratio between any of the two essential components. In the composition or composition of the present invention, the compound (A) and the compound (B) are in a synergistic effective weight ratio range of (A): (B) of from 1000:1 to 1:1000, preferably from 500:1 to A weight ratio of 1:500, most preferably present in a weight ratio of from 100:1 to 1:100. The other (A):(B) ratios that can be used according to the present invention can be given in order of preference: 800:1 to 1:800, 700:1 to 1:700, 750:1 to 1:750,600: 1 to 1:600, 400:1 to 1:400, 300:1 to 1:300, 250:1 to 1:250, 200:1 to 1:200, 95:1 to 1:95, 90:1 to 1: 90, 85:1 to 1:85, 80:1 to 1:80, 75:1 to 1:75, 70:1 to 1:70, 65:1 to 1:65, 60:1 to 1: 60, 55:1 to 1:55, 45:1 to 1:45, 40:1 to 1:40, 35:1 to 1:35, 30:1 to 1:30, 25:1 to 1:25, 20:1 to 1:20, 15:1 to 1:15, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, 2: 1 to 1:2. The preferred ratio is 25:1 to 1:25, 20:1 to 1:20, 15:1 to 1:15, 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1: 4, 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition component (A): (B) is present in a weight ratio of 1:25 to 25:1. The preferred ratio is 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2. The best ratio is 5:1 to 1:5, 4:1 to 1:4, 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2.

下列組合物係舉例說明根據本發明之組合物的特定具體例:異噻菌胺+噻醯菌胺;異噻菌胺+噻菌靈;異噻菌胺+異皮姆;及異噻菌胺+丙環唑。 The following compositions are illustrative of specific examples of compositions according to the invention: Isotianil + thiastrobin; Isotianil + thiabendazole; Isotianil + Isopir; and Isotianil + propiconazole.

前述組合物或組成物可單獨使用或與其他活性組份組合物,如殺細菌劑,殺真菌劑,殺蟎劑,殺線蟲劑,除草劑,殺蟲劑,微量營養素及含微量營養素之化合物,安全劑,脂殼低聚醣化合物(LCO),土壤改良產品或降低植物應力之產品,例如邁康耐(Myconate),以便擴大作用範圍或避免抵抗力發展,例如:(本文中,以其“通用名稱”指明之活性組份係為已知且係說明於,例如,the Pesticide Manual(“The Pesticide Manual”,14th Ed.,British Crop Proection Council 2006)或可於網路搜尋(如http://www.Alanwood.net/Pesticides))。 The foregoing compositions or compositions may be used alone or in combination with other active ingredients such as bactericides, fungicides, acaricides, nematicides, herbicides, insecticides, micronutrients and compounds containing micronutrients. , safeners, hull oligosaccharide compounds (LCO), soil-improved products or products that reduce plant stress, such as Myconate, in order to broaden the scope of action or avoid resistance development, for example: (in this paper, The active ingredient indicated by the "common name" is known and described, for example, in the Pesticide Manual ("The Pesticide Manual", 14th Ed., British Crop Proection Council 2006) or may be searched on the Internet (eg http: //www.Alanwood.net/Pesticides)).

抗生素,如春日黴素(kasugamycin),鏈黴素(streptomycin),土黴素(oxytetracyclin),井岡黴素(validamycin),慶 大黴素(gentamycin),金色制黴素(aureofungin),殺稻瘟菌素-S(blasticidin-S),放線菌酮(cycloheximide),灰黃黴素(griseofulvin),嗎啉胍(moroxydine),納他黴素(natamycin),多氧黴素(polyoxins),保粒黴素(polyoxorim)及其組合。 Antibiotics such as kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracyclin, validamycin, gentamycin, aureofungin, rice blast blasticidin-S, cycloheximide, griseofulvin, moroxydine, natamycin, polyoxins, granules Polyoxorim and combinations thereof.

殺真菌劑:  Fungicide:  

(1)麥角甾醇生合成抑制劑,例如殺螟丹(aldimorph),戊環唑(azaconazole),雙苯三唑醇(bitertanol),糠菌唑(bromuconazole),環丙唑醇(cyproconazole),苄氯三唑醇(diclobutrazole),苯醚甲環唑(difenoconazole),烯唑醇(diniconazole),烯唑醇-M(diniconazole-M),十二環嗎啉(dodemorph),十二環嗎啉醋酸鹽(dodemorph acetate),氟環唑(epoxiconazole),乙環唑(etaconazole),氯苯嘧啶醇(fenarimol),腈苯唑(fenbuconazole),環醯菌胺(fenhexamid),苯銹啶(fenpropidin),丁苯嗎啉(fenpropimorph),氟喹唑(fluquinconazole),呋嘧醇(flurprimidol),氟矽唑(flusilazole),粉唑醇(flutriafol),呋菌唑(furconazole),呋菌唑-順式(furconazole-cis),己唑醇(hexaconazole),抑黴唑(imazalil),抑黴唑硫酸鹽(imazalil sulfate),亞胺唑(imibenconazole),種菌唑(ipconazole),葉菌唑(metconazole),腈菌唑(myclobutanil),萘替芬(naftifine),氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol),咪唑(oxpoconazole),多效唑(paclobutrazol),稻瘟酯(pefurazoate),戊菌唑(penconazole),粉病靈(piperalin),咪鮮胺(prochloraz),丙環唑(propiconazole),丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole),稗草畏(pyributicarb),啶斑肟(pyrifenox),氟丙菊酯(quinconazole),矽氟唑(simeconazole),螺環菌胺(spiroxamine),戊唑醇(tebuconazole),特比萘芬(terbinafine),四氟醚(tetraconazole),三唑酮(triadimefon),三唑醇(triadimenol),十三嗎啉(tridemorph),氟菌唑(triflumizole),嗪氨靈(triforine),滅菌唑(triticonazole),烯效唑(uniconazole),烯效唑-p(uniconazole-p),烯霜苄唑(viniconazole),伏立康唑(voriconazole),1-(4- 氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)環庚醇,1-(2,2-二甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-1-基)-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯,N'-{5-(二氟甲基)-2-甲基-4-[3-(三甲基矽烷基)丙氧基]苯基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺甲醯胺,N-乙基-N-甲基-N'-{2-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-4-[3-(三甲基矽烷基)丙氧基]苯基}亞胺甲醯胺及O-[1-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基丁-2-基]1H-咪唑-1-硫代羧酸酯。 (1) ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, such as aldimorph, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, Diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dodemorph, dodecamorpholine Dodemorph acetate, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenhexamid, fenpropidin , fenpropimorph, fluquinconazole, flurprimidol, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furazolidone-cis (furconazole-cis), hexaconazole, imazalil, imazalil sulfate, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, Myclobutanil, naftifine, nuarimol, Ixoconazole, paclobutrazol, pefurazoate, penconazole, piperalin, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole Prothioconazole), pyributicarb, pyrifenox, quinconazole, simeconazole, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, terbinaphthalene Terbinafine, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tridemorph, triflumizole, triforine, azole (triticonazole), uniconazole, uniconazole-p, viniconazole, voriconazole, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H- 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)cycloheptanol, 1-(2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-5- Methyl carboxylate, N'-{5-(difluoromethyl)-2-methyl-4-[3-(trimethyldecyl)propoxy]phenyl}-N-ethyl-N- Methyl imine methamine, N-ethyl-N-methyl-N'-{2-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4-[3-(trimethyldecyl)propoxy base] A Amides yl} imide and O- [1- (4- methoxyphenoxy) -3,3-dimethyl-2-yl] lH-imidazole-1-thiocarboxylate.

(2)於複合物I或II之呼吸鏈抑制劑,例如聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen),啶醯菌胺(boscalid),萎銹靈(carboxin),二氟林(diflumetorim),酚菌氟來(fenfuram),氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram),氟醯胺(flutolanil),氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad),呋吡菌胺(furametpyr),拌種胺(furmecyclox),異皮姆(順式差向異構外消旋體1RS,4SR,9RS及反式差向異構外消旋體1RS,4SR,9SR之混合物),異皮姆(反式差向異構外消旋體1RS,4SR,9SR),異皮姆(反式差向對映異構物1R,4S,9S),異皮姆(反式差向對映異構物1S,4R,9R),異皮姆(順式差向異構外消旋體1RS,4SR,9RS),異皮姆(順式差向對映異構物1R,4S,9R),異皮姆(順式差向對映異構物1S,4R,9S),滅銹胺(mepronil),氧化萎(oxycarboxin),氟唑菌苯胺(penflufen),吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad),環丙吡菌胺(sedaxane),溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide),1-甲基-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基]-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基]-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-N-[4-氟-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟丙氧基)苯基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-[1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-甲氧基丙-2-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,5,8-二氟-N-[2-(2-氟-4-{[4-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]氧基}苯基)乙基]喹唑啉-4-胺,N-[9-(二氯亞甲基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-1,4-甲撐萘-5-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-[(1S,4R)-9-(二氯亞甲基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-1,4-甲撐萘-5-基]-3-(二氟 甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺及N-[(1R,4S)-9-(二氯亞甲基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-1,4-甲撐萘-5-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺。 (2) a respiratory chain inhibitor of complex I or II, such as bixafen, boscalid, carboxin, diflumetorim, phenolic fluoride Fenfuram, floopyram, fluolanil, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, furmecyclox, isopyram Isomers racemic 1RS, 4SR, 9RS and trans-isomeric racemates 1RS, 4SR, 9SR mixture), isopiram (trans-isomeric racemate 1RS, 4SR, 9SR), Isopir (trans-diverse enantiomers 1R, 4S, 9S), Isopir (trans-diverse enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9R), isopim (cis Isomers racemic 1RS, 4SR, 9RS), isopiram (cis diastereomeric 1R, 4S, 9R), isopiram (cis diastereomeric 1S) , 4R, 9S), mepronil, oxycarboxin, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, thifluzamide ), 1-methyl-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyguanamine ,3-(difluoromethyl)-1- -N-[2-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4 -fluoro-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[1-( 2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5,8 -difluoro-N-[2-(2-fluoro-4-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenyl)ethyl]quinazolin-4-amine, N -[9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methylnaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl- 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyguanamine, N-[(1S,4R)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methylnaphthalene-5 -yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide and N-[(1R,4S)-9-(dichloromethylene)-1, 2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1,4-methylnaphthalen-5-yl]-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.

(3)複合物III之呼吸鏈抑制劑,例如苯唑嘧菌胺(ametoctradin),安美速(amisulbrom),嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin),氰霜唑(cyazofamid),甲香菌酯(coumethoxystrobin),丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin),醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin),烯肟菌酯(enestroburin),唑菌酮(famoxadone),咪唑菌酮(fenamidone),芬氧菌酯(fenoxystrobin),氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin),醚菌酯-甲基(kresoxim-methyl),苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin),肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin),啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin),唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin),唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin),唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin),吡菌苯威(pyribencarb),氯啶菌酯(triclopyricarb),肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin),(2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-氯-2-甲基苯氧基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-基]氧基}苯基)-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N-甲基乙醯胺,(2E)-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N-甲基-2-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]亞乙基}胺基)氧基]甲基}苯基)乙醯胺,(2E)-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N-甲基-2-{2-[(E)-({1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙氧基}亞胺基)甲基]苯基}乙醯胺,(2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-氟-2-苯基乙烯基]氧基}苯基)亞乙基]胺基}氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N-甲基乙醯胺,(2E)-2-{2-[({[(2E,3E)-4-(2,6-二氯苯基)亞丁-3-烯-2-基]胺基}氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N-甲基乙醯胺,2-氯-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基)吡啶-3-羧醯胺,5-甲氧基-2-甲基-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]亞乙基}胺基)氧基]甲基}苯基)-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮,(2E)-2-{2-[({環丙基[(4-甲氧基苯基)亞胺基]甲基}硫烷基)甲基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙-2-烯酸甲酯,N-(3-乙基-3,5,5-三甲基環己基)-3-(甲醯胺基)-2-羥基苯甲醯胺, 2-{2-[(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺及(2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺。 (3) Respiratory chain inhibitors of complex III, such as ametoctradin, amisulbrom, azoxystrobin, cyazofamid, coumethoxystrobin, Coumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestroburin, Famoxadone, fenamidone, fenoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, Orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyramatetostrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyribencarb, chloramphenicol Triclopyricarb, trifloxystrobin, (2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl]oxy }phenyl)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamide, (2E)-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methyl-2-(2-{ [({(1E)-1-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethylidene)amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)acetamide, (2E)-2-(methoxy -i-methyl-2-{2-[(E)-({1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy}imido)methyl]phenyl }Acetamine, (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-fluoro-2-phenylvinyl]oxy}phenyl)) Ethylene]amino}oxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamide, (2E)-2-{2-[({[( 2E,3E)-4-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)butylene-3-en-2-yl]amino} Methyl]phenyl}-2-(methoxyimino)-N-methylacetamide, 2-chloro-N-(1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-di Hydrogen-1H-indol-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 5-methoxy-2-methyl-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(trifluoro)) Methyl)phenyl]ethylidene]amino)oxy]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one, (2E)-2 -{2-[({cyclopropyl[(4-methoxyphenyl)imino]methyl}sulfanyl)methyl]phenyl}-3-methoxyprop-2-enoic acid Ester, N-(3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-3-(carbamimidino)-2-hydroxybenzamide, 2-{2-[(2,5) -Dimethylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide and (2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy) )methyl]phenyl}-2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.

(4)有絲分裂及細胞分裂之抑制劑,例如苯菌靈(benomyl),多菌靈(carbendazim),苯噻硫氰(chlorfenazole),乙黴威(diethofencarb),噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam),氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide),麥穗寧(fuberidazole),戊菌隆(pencycuron),噻菌靈(thiabendazole),硫菌靈-甲基(thiophanate-methyl),硫菌靈(thiophanate),苯醯菌胺(zoxamide),5-氯-7-(4-甲基六氫吡啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)[1,2,4]三唑並[1,5-a]嘧啶及3-氯-5-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-甲基-4-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)嗒(4) Inhibitors of mitosis and cell division, such as benomyl, carbendazim, chlorfenazole, diethofencarb, ethaboxam, flupyridin Fluopicolide, fuberidazole, pencycuron, thiabendazole, thiophanate-methyl, thiophanate, fenfluramine (zoxamide), 5-chloro-7-(4-methylhexahydropyridin-1-yl)-6-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1 , 5-a]pyrimidine and 3-chloro-5-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-methyl-4-(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)fluorene .

(5)具有多點作用(multisite action)之化合物,例如波爾多混合物(bordeaux mixture),敵菌丹(captafol),克菌丹(captan),百菌清(chlorothalonil),氫氧化銅,環烷酸銅(copper naphthenate),氧化銅,氧氯化銅,硫酸銅(2+),苯氟磺胺(dichlofluanid),二氰蒽醌(dithianon),十二烷胍(dodine),十二烷胍游離鹼(dodine free base),福美鐵(ferbam),氟滅菌丹(fluorofolpet),滅菌丹(folpet),雙胍鹽(guazatine),雙胍醋酸鹽(guazatine acetate),雙胍辛胺(iminoctadine),雙胍辛胺辛烷苯磺酸鹽(iminoctadine albesilate),雙胍辛胺三醋酸鹽(iminoctadine triacetate),代森錳銅(mancopper),代森錳鋅(mancozeb),代森錳(maneb),代森聯(metiram),代森聯鋅(metiram zinc),奧辛-銅(oxine-copper),丙烷脒(propamidine),丙森鋅(propineb),硫及硫製劑,包含多硫化鈣,福美雙(thiram),對甲抑菌靈(tolylfluanid),代森鋅(zineb)及福美鋅(ziram)。 (5) Compounds with multisite action, such as bordeaux mixture, captafol, captan, chlorothalonil, copper hydroxide, naphthenic acid Copper (copper naphthenate), copper oxide, copper oxychloride, copper (2+) sulfate, dichlofluanid, dithianon, dodine, dodecane ruthenium free base (dodine free base), ferbate, fluorofolpet, folpet, guazatine, guazatine acetate, iminoctadine, bis-octylamine Isooctadine albesilate, iminoctadine triacetate, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram , metiram zinc, oxine-copper, propamidine, propineb, sulfur and sulfur preparations, including calcium polysulfide, thiram, thi Tolylfluanid, zineb and ziram.

(6)可誘發宿主防禦之化合物,例如噻二唑素-S-甲基(acibenzolar-S-methyl),異噻菌胺,噻菌靈及噻醯菌胺。 (6) Compounds which induce host defense, such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, isotianil, thiabendazole and thiabicide.

(7)胺基酸及/或蛋白質生合成抑制劑,例如安多平(andoprim),殺稻瘟菌素-S,嘧菌環胺(cyprodinil),春日黴素,春日黴素氫氯酸鹽水合物,嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim),嘧黴胺(pyrimethanil) 及3-(5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)喹啉。 (7) Amino acids and/or protein biosynthesis inhibitors, such as andoprim, blasticidin-S, cyprodinil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride Hydrate, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil and 3-(5-fluoro-3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline.

(8)ATP生成抑制劑,例如三苯基醋酸錫,三苯錫氯,三苯基錫氫氧化物及矽噻菌胺(silthiofam)。 (8) ATP production inhibitors such as tin triphenylacetate, triphenyltin chloride, triphenyltin hydroxide and silthiofam.

(9)細胞壁合成抑制劑,例如苯噻菌胺酯(benthiavalicarb),烯醯嗎啉(dimethomorph),氟嗎啉(flumorph),丙森鋅(iprovalicarb),雙炔醯菌胺(mandipropamid),多氧黴素(polyoxins),保粒黴素(polyoxorim),井岡黴素A(validamycin A)及威力芬(valifenalate)。 (9) cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as benthiavalicarb, dimethomorph, flumorph, iprovalicarb, mandipropamid, Polyoxins, polyoxorim, validamycin A, and valifenalate.

(10)脂肪及膜合成抑制劑,例如聯苯基,地茂散(chloroneb),氯硝胺(dicloran),克瘟散(edifenphos),土菌靈(etridiazole),碘代丙炔基丁基甲胺酸酯(iodocarb),異稻瘟淨(iprobenfos),稻瘟靈(isoprothiolane),霜黴威(propamocarb),霜黴威氫氯酸鹽,硫菌威(prothiocarb),吡嘧磷(pyrazophos),五氯硝基苯(quintozene),四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)及立枯磷-甲基(tolclofos-methyl)。 (10) Fat and membrane synthesis inhibitors, such as biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, edifenphos, etridiazole, iodopropynylbutylmethylamine Acidocarb, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, prothiocarb, pyrazophos, Quintozene, tecnazene and tolclofos-methyl.

(11)黑色素生合成抑制劑,例如環丙醯菌胺(carpropamid),雙氯氰菌胺(diclocymet),氰菌胺(fenoxanil),苯酞(phthalide),咯喹酮(pyroquilon),三環唑(tricyclazole)及{3-甲基-1-[(4-甲基苯甲醯)胺基]丁-2-基}胺基甲酸2,2,2-三氟乙基酯。 (11) melanin synthesis inhibitors, such as carpropamid, diclocymet, fenoxanil, phthalide, pyroquilon, tricyclic Tricyclazole and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ester of {3-methyl-1-[(4-methylbenzhydrazinyl)amino]butan-2-yl}carbamic acid.

(12)核酸合成抑制劑,例如苯霜靈(benalaxyl),苯霜靈-M(精苯霜靈)(benalaxyl-M(kiralaxyl)),乙嘧酚磺酸酯(bupirimate),可利康(clozylacon),甲菌定(dimethirimol),乙嘧酚(ethirimol),呋霜(furalaxyl),惡黴靈(hymexazol),甲霜靈(metalaxyl),甲霜靈-M(精甲雙靈)(metalaxyl-M(mefenoxam)),甲呋醯胺(ofurace),惡霜靈(oxadixyl)及歐索林酸(oxolinic acid)。 (12) inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, such as benylaxyl, benzathine-M (kiralaxyl), bupirimate, clozylacon ), dimethirimol, ethirimol, furalaxyl, hymexazol, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (metalaxyl) M (mefenoxam)), ofurace, oxadixyl and oxolinic acid.

(13)訊號傳導抑制劑,例如乙菌利(chlozolinate),拌種咯(fenpiclonil),咯菌腈(fludioxonil),撲海因(iprodione),腐菌利(procymidone),喹氧靈(quinoxyfen)及免克寧(vinclozolin)。 (13) Signal conduction inhibitors, such as chlozolinate, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, iprodione, procymidone, quinoxyfen And vinclozolin.

(14)可作動為解偶聯劑之化合物,例如樂殺蟎(binapacryl),敵蟎普(dinocap),嘧菌腙(ferimzone),氟啶胺(fluazinam)及硝苯菌酯(meptyldinocap)。 (14) Compounds which act as uncouplers, such as binapacryl, dinocap, ferimzone, fluazinam and meptyldinocap.

(15)其他化合物,例如苯並噻唑(benthiazole),苯並噻(bethoxazin),卡布希黴素(capsimycin),香旱芹酮(carvone),滅蟎猛(chinomethionat),吡芬酮(pyriofenone)((查沙芬酮chlazafenone)),硫雜靈(cufraneb),環氟菌胺(cyflufenamid),霜脲氰(cymoxanil),啶醯菌胺(cyprosulfamide),棉隆(dazomet),咪菌威(debacarb),二氯酚(dichlorophen),噠菌清(diclomezine),燕麥枯(difenzoquat),燕麥枯甲基硫酸鹽(difenzoquat methylsulphate),二苯胺,依康邁(ecomate),胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine),氟醯菌胺(flumetover,),唑呋草(fluoroimide),磺菌安(flusulfamide),福太尼(flutianil),福賽得(fosetyl)-鋁,福賽得-鈣,福賽得-鈉,六氯苯,人間黴素(irumamycin),磺菌威(methasulfocarb),異硫氰酸甲酯,滅芬農(metrafenone),滅粉黴素(mildiomycin),納他黴素(natamycin),二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸鎳,酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl),辛噻酮(octhilinone),牧卡(oxamocarb),氧芬辛(oxyfenthiin),五氯苯酚及鹽類,苯醚菊酯(phenothrin),亞磷酸及其鹽類,霜黴威-福賽得酸鹽(propamocarb-fosetylate),丙辛(propanosine)-鈉,丙氧喹啉(proquinazid),丁吡嗎啉(pyrimorph),(2E)-3-(4-第三丁基苯基)-3-(2-氯吡啶-4-基)-1-(嗎呋啉-4-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮,(2Z)-3-(4-第三丁基苯基)-3-(2-氯吡啶-4-基)-1-(嗎呋啉-4-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮,硝吡咯(pyrrolnitrine),異丁乙氧喹啉(tebufloquin),葉枯酞(tecloftalam),脫芬尼(tolnifanide),唑菌嗪(triazoxide),水楊(trichlamide),氰菌胺(zarilamid),(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[({3-[(異丁醯氧基)甲氧基]-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-基}羰基)胺基]-6-甲基-4,9-二酮基-1,5-二喃-7-基2-甲基丙酸酯,1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-二氟苯 基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}六氫吡啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮,1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}六氫吡啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮,1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}六氫吡啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮,1-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基丁-2-基1H-咪唑-1-羧酸酯,2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲基磺醯)吡啶,2,3-二丁基-6-氯噻吩並[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮,2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-苯基-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}六氫吡啶-1-基)乙酮,2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-苯基-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}六氫吡啶-1-基)乙酮,2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-{4-[4-(5-苯基-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基)-1,3-噻唑-2-基]六氫吡啶-1-基}乙酮,2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基-4H-苯并哌喃-4-酮,2-氯-5-[2-氯-1-(2,6-二氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-甲基-1H-咪唑-5-基]吡啶,2-苯基苯酚及鹽類,3-(4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)喹啉,3,4,5-三氯吡啶-2,6-二甲腈,3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基-1,2-唑烷-3-基]吡啶,3-氯-5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,6-二氟苯基)-6-甲基嗒,4-(4-氯苯基)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-3,6-二甲基嗒,5-胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇,5-氯-N'-苯基-N'-(丙-2-炔-1-基)噻吩-2-磺醯肼,5-氟-2-[(4-氟苄基)氧基]嘧啶-4-胺,5-氟-2-[(4-甲基苄基)氧基]嘧啶-4-胺,5-甲基-6-辛基[1,2,4]三唑並[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺,(2Z)-3-胺基-2-氰基-3-苯基丙-2-烯酸乙酯,N'-(4-{[3-(4-氯苄基)-1,2,4-噻二唑-5-基]氧基}-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺甲醯胺,N-(4-氯苄基)-3-[3-甲氧基-4-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]丙醯胺,N-[(4-氯苯基)(氰基)甲基]-3-[3-甲氧基-4-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]丙醯胺,N-[(5-溴-3-氯吡啶-2-基) 甲基]-2,4-二氯吡啶-3-羧醯胺,N-[1-(5-溴-3-氯吡啶-2-基)乙基]-2,4-二氯吡啶-3-羧醯胺,N-[1-(5-溴-3-氯吡啶-2-基)乙基]-2-氟-4-碘吡啶-3-羧醯胺,N-{(E)-[(環丙基甲氧基)亞胺基][6-(二氟甲氧基)-2,3-二氟苯基]甲基}-2-苯基乙醯胺,N-{(Z)-[(環丙基甲氧基)亞胺基][6-(二氟甲氧基)-2,3-二氟苯基]甲基}-2-苯基乙醯胺,N'-{4-[(3-第三丁基-4-氰基-1,2-噻唑-5-基)氧基]-2-氯-5-甲基苯基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺甲醯胺,N-甲基-2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯}六氫吡啶-4-基)-N-(1,2,3,4-四氫萘-1-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-羧醯胺,N-甲基-2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯}六氫吡啶-4-基)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-1-基]-1,3-噻唑-4-羧醯胺,N-甲基-2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯}六氫吡啶-4-基)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-四氫萘-1-基]-1,3-噻唑-4-羧醯胺,{6-[({[(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)亞甲基]胺基}氧基)甲基]吡啶-2-基}胺基甲酸戊酯,吩嗪-1-羧酸,喹啉-8-醇,喹啉-8-醇硫酸鹽(2:1)及{6-[({[(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)亞甲基]胺基}氧基)甲基]吡啶-2-基}胺基甲酸第三丁酯。 (15) Other compounds such as benthiazole, benzothiazole (bethoxazin), capsimycin (carpsione), carvone, chinomethionat, pyrofenone (chrazafenone), cufraneb , cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyprosulfamide, dazomet, debacarb, dichlorophen, diclomezine , difenzoquat, difenzoquat methylsulphate, diphenylamine, ecomate, fenpyrazamine, flumetover, oxaflurid ( Fluoroimide), flusulfamide, flutianil, fosetyl-aluminum, forsythia-calcium, forsythia-sodium, hexachlorobenzene, irumamycin, sulphonic Methasulfocarb, methyl isothiocyanate, metrafenone, mildiomycin, natamycin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, trifloxystrobin Nitrothal-isopropyl), octubilinone, Oxalcarb, oxyfenthiin, pentachlorophenol and salts, phenothrin, phosphorous acid and its salts, propamocarb-fosetylate, Propanosine-sodium, proquinazid, pyrimorph, (2E)-3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridine-4 -yl)-1-(morpholin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, (2Z)-3-(4-t-butylphenyl)-3-(2-chloropyridine- 4-yl)-1-(morpholinolin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, pyrrolnitrine, tebufloquin, tecloftalam, off Tonnifanide, triazoxide, trichlamide, zarilamid, (3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-benzyl-3-[({3-[( Isobutyloxy)methoxy]-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl}carbonyl)amino]-6-methyl-4,9-dione-1,5-di N--7-yl 2-methylpropionate, 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}hexahydropyridin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1- Ethyl ketone, 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}hexahydropyridin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1- Ethyl ketone, 1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}hexahydropyridin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-1- Ethyl ketone, 1-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl 1H-imidazol-1-carboxylate, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro -4-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine, 2,3-dibutyl-6-chlorothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one, 2-[5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}hexahydropyridin-1-yl)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole- 1-yl]-1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}hexahydropyridin-1-yl)ethanone, 2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole- 1-yl]-1-{4-[4-(5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]hexahydropyridin-1-yl}ethanone, 2-butoxy-6-iodo-3-propyl-4H-benzopyran- 4-ketone, 2-chloro-5-[2-chloro-1-(2,6-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl]pyridine, 2 -Phenylphenols and salts, 3-(4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl)quinoline, 3,4,5 -Trichloropyridine-2,6-dicarbonitrile, 3-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-1,2- Oxazin-3-yl]pyridine, 3-chloro-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-6-methylindole ,4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-3,6-dimethylhydrazine , 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 5-chloro-N'-phenyl-N'-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)thiophene-2-sulfonate醯肼, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl)oxy]pyrimidine-4-amine, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-methylbenzyl)oxy]pyrimidine-4-amine, 5-methyl-6-octyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine, (2Z)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenyl Ethyl propyl-2-enoate, N'-(4-{[3-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]oxy}-2,5-di Methylphenyl)-N-ethyl-N-methylimine formamide, N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yne-1 -yloxy)phenyl]propanamine, N-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-3-[3-methoxy-4-(prop-2-yn-1- Benzyl)phenyl]propanamine, N-[(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N-[1 -(5-bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N-[1-(5-bromo-3-chloropyridine-2- Ethyl]-2-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-3-carboxamide, N-{(E)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethoxy) )-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamidamine, N-{(Z)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy)imino][6-(difluoromethyl) Oxy)-2,3-difluorophenyl]methyl}-2-phenylacetamidamine, N'-{4-[(3- Butyl-4-cyano-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)oxy]-2-chloro-5-methylphenyl}-N-ethyl-N-methylimine carbenamide, N -Methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethenium}hexahydropyridin-4-yl)-N-(1 , 2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxyguanamine, N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoro) Methyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethenium}hexahydropyridin-4-yl)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1 , 3-thiazole-4-carboxyguanamine, N-methyl-2-(1-{[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]acetamidine} Hydropyridin-4-yl)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxyguanamine, {6-[({ [(1-Methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamic acid amyl, phenazine-1- Carboxylic acid, quinoline-8-ol, quinoline-8-ol sulfate (2:1) and {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl))) Tert-butyl ester of methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}carbamic acid.

(16)其他化合物,例如1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-N-[2'-(三氟甲基)聯苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-(4'-氯聯苯基-2-基)-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-(2',4'-二氯聯苯基-2-基)-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[4'-(三氟甲基)聯苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-(2',5'-二氟聯苯基-2-基)-1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[4'-(丙-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,5-氟-1,3-二甲基-N-[4'-(丙-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,2-氯-N-[4'-(丙-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-N-[4'-(3,3-二甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-[4'-(3,3-二甲 基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-yl]-5-氟-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-N-(4'-乙炔基聯苯基-2-基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,N-(4'-乙炔基聯苯基-2-基)-5-氟-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,2-氯-N-(4'-乙炔基聯苯基-2-基)吡啶-3-羧醯胺,2-氯-N-[4'-(3,3-二甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-羧醯胺,4-(二氟甲基)-2-甲基-N-[4'-(三氟甲基)聯苯基-2-基]-1,3-噻唑-5-羧醯胺,5-氟-N-[4'-(3-羥基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,2-氯-N-[4'-(3-羥基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-羧醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-N-[4'-(3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,5-氟-N-[4'-(3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺,2-氯-N-[4'-(3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)聯苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-羧醯胺,(5-溴-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯基)甲酮,N-[2-(4-{[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔-1-基]氧基}-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基]-N2-(甲基磺醯)纈胺醯胺,4-酮基-4-[(2-苯基乙基)胺基]丁酸及{6-[({[(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)亞甲基]胺基}氧基)甲基]吡啶-2-基}胺基甲酸丁-3-炔-1-酯,及其組合。 (16) Other compounds such as 1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-N-[2'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate Indoleamine, N-(4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2', 4'-Dichlorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyguanamine, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1- Methyl-N-[4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(2',5'-difluorobiphenyl- 2-yl)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-N-[4'- (prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N-[4'-( Prop-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(prop-1-yn-1-yl) Biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl) Biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl) Phenyl-2-yl]-5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl Benzyl-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)-5- -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N-(4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide, 2- Chloro-N-[4'-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 4-(difluoromethyl) -2-methyl-N-[4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N-[4'-( 3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro- N-[4'-(3-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide, 3-(difluoromethyl)- N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyindole Amine, 5-fluoro-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]-1,3-dimethyl- 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxyguanamine, 2-chloro-N-[4'-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-yn-1-yl)biphenyl-2-yl] Pyridine-3-carboxamide, (5-bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl)methanone, N-[2-(4-{[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N2-(methyl Sulfonamide) amidoxime, 4-keto-4-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]butyric acid and {6-[({[(Z)-(1-) -1H-tetrazol-5-yl)(phenyl)methylene]amino}oxy)methyl]pyridin-2-yl}aminocarbamic acid but-3-yne-1-ester, and combinations thereof .

殺蟲劑,殺蟎劑,及殺線蟲劑:  Insecticides, acaricides, and nematicides:  

乙醯膽鹼酯酶(AChE)抑制劑,例如氨基甲酸酯,如棉鈴威(Alanycarb),涕滅威(Aldicarb),惡蟲威(Bendiocarb),硫克百威(Benfuracarb),布嘉信(Butocarboxim),丁氧基卡波辛(Butoxycarboxim),甲萘威(Carbaryl),克百威(Carbofuran),丁硫克百威(Carbosulfan),乙硫苯威(Ethiofencarb),仲丁威(Fenobucarb),伐蟲脒(Formetanate),呋線威(Furathiocarb),異丙威(Isoprocarb),甲硫威(Methiocarb),滅多威(Methomyl),速滅威(Metolcarb),殺線威(Oxamyl),抗蚜威(Pirimicarb),殘殺威(Propoxur),硫雙威(Thiodicarb),特氨叉威(Thiofanox),唑蚜威 (Triazamate),三甲威(Trimethacarb),XMC,及滅殺威(Xylylcarb);或有機磷酸化物,如毆殺松(Acephate),甲基吡啶磷(Azamethiphos),穀硫磷-乙基(Azinphos-ethyl),穀硫磷-甲基(Azinphos-methyl),硫線磷(Cadusafos),氯氧磷(Chlorethoxyfos),毒蟲畏(Chlorfenvinphos),氯甲硫磷(Chlormephos),陶斯松(Chlorpyrifos),陶斯松-甲基(Chlorpyrifos-methyl),蠅毒磷(Coumaphos),殺螟腈(Cyanophos),滅賜松(Demeton-S-methyl),大利松(Diazinon),二氯松(Dichlorvos)/DDVP,雙特松(Dicrotophos),大滅松(Dimethoate),甲基毒蟲畏(Dimethylvinphos),二硫松(Disulfoton),EPN,愛殺松(Ethion),普伏松(Ethoprophos),胺磺磷(Famphur),芬滅松(Fenamiphos),撲滅松(Fenitrothion),芬殺松(Fenthion),福賽絕(Fosthiazate),飛達松(Heptenophos),氟吡磺隆(Imicyafos),亞芬松(Isofenphos),O-(甲氧基胺基硫代磷醯)水楊酸異丙酯,加福松(Isoxathion),馬拉松(Malathion),滅加松(Mecarbam),達馬松(Methamidophos),滅大松(Methidathion),美文松(Mevinphos),亞素靈(Monocrotophos),乃力松(Naled),毆滅松(Omethoate),碸吸磷(Oxydemeton-methyl),巴拉松(Parathion),巴拉松-甲基(Parathion-methyl),賽達松(Phenthoate),福瑞松(Phorate),裕必松(Phosalone),益滅松(Phosmet),福賜米松(Phosphamidon),辛硫磷(Phoxim),亞特松-甲基(Pirimiphos-methyl),佈飛松(Profenofos),撲達松(Propetamphos),普硫松(Prothiofos),白克松(Pyraclofos),必芬松(Pyridaphenthion),拜裕松(Quinalphos),治螟磷(Sulfotep),丁基嘧啶磷(Tebupirimfos),亞培松(Temephos),託福松(Terbufos),殺蟲畏(Tetrachlorvinphos),硫滅松(Thiometon),三落松(Triazophos),敵百蟲(Triclorfon),及繁米松(Vamidothion)。 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, such as carbamates, such as Alanycarb, Aldicarb, Bendiocarb, Benfuracarb, Bougainvillea Butocarboxim), Butoxycarboxim, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, Ethiofencarb, Fenobucarb , Formetanate, Furathiocarb, Isoprocarb, Methiocarb, Methomyl, Metolcarb, Oxamyl, anti- Pirimicarb, Propoxur, Thiodicarb, Thiofanox, Triazamate, Trimethacarb, XMC, and Xylylcarb; Or organic phosphates such as Acephate, Azamethiphos, Azinphos-ethyl, Azinphos-methyl, and sulphate (Cadusafos) ), Chlorethoxyfos, Chlorfenvinphos, Chlormephos, Chlorpyrifos, Taosson-Methyl (C Hlorpyrifos-methyl), Coumaphos, Cyanophos, Demeton-S-methyl, Diazion, Dichlorvos/DDVP, Dicrotophos ), Dimethoate, Dimethylvinphos, Disulfoton, EPN, Ethion, Ethoprophos, Famphur, Fenicide Fenamiphos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Fosthiazate, Heptenophos, Imicyafos, Isofenphos, O-( Methoxyaminothiophosphonium isopropyl salicylate, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Metahamidophos, Methidathion, Meissom (Mevinphos), Monocrotophos, Naled, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion, Barthon-methyl (Parathion- Methyl), Phenthoate, Phorate, Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidon, Phoxim, Asia Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenofos, Propetamphos, Prothiofos, Pyraclofos, Pyridaphenthion, Quinalphos, Sulfotep, Tebupirimfos, Temephos, Terbufos, Tetrachlorvinphos, Thiometon, Triazophos, Enemy Tractlorfon, and Vamidothion.

GABA-閘控氯離子通道拮抗劑,例如環二烯有機氯類,如氯丹(Chlordane)及硫丹(Endosulfan);或費普樂(fiproles),如乙蟲腈 (Ethiprole)及芬普尼(Fipronil)。 GABA-thyristing chloride channel antagonists, such as cyclodiene organochlorines such as Chlordane and Endosulfan; or fiproles such as Ethiprole and Fenpney (Fipronil).

鈉通道調節劑/電位依賴性鈉通道阻斷劑,例如擬除蟲菊酯(pyrethroids),如阿納寧(Acrinathrin),丙烯菊酯(Allethrin),d-順式-反式丙烯菊酯,d-反式丙烯菊酯,畢芬寧(Bifenthrin),生物丙烯菊酯(Bioallethrin),生物丙烯菊酯S-環戊基異構物,生物苄呋菊酯(Bioresmethrin),環普寧(Cycloprothrin),賽扶寧(Cyfluthrin),β-賽扶寧,賽洛寧(Cyhalothrin),λ-賽洛寧,γ-賽洛寧,賽滅寧(Cypermethrin),α-賽滅寧,β-賽滅寧,θ-賽滅寧,ζ-賽滅寧,西芬諾寧(Cyphenothrin)[(1R)-反式異構物],第滅寧(Deltamethrin),烯炔菊酯(Empenthrin)[(EZ)-(1R)異構物),高氰戊菊酯(Esfenvalerate),醚菊酯(Etofenprox),甲氰菊酯(Fenpropathrin),氰戊菊酯(Fenvalerate),氟氰戊菊酯(Flucythrinate),氟氯苯菊酯(Flumethrin),τ-氟胺氰菊酯(tau-Fluvalinate),苄蟎醚(Halfenprox),炔咪菊酯(Imiprothrin),噻嗯菊酯(Kadethrin),氯菊酯(Permethrin),苯醚菊酯(Phenothrin)[(1R)-反式異構物),炔丙菊酯(Prallethrin),除蟲菊酯(除蟲菊)(Pyrethrine(pyrethrum)),苄呋菊酯(Resmethrin),氟矽菊酯(Silafluofen),七氟菊酯(Tefluthrin),胺菊酯(Tetramethrin),胺菊酯[(1R)異構物)],四溴菊酯(Tralomethrin),及菊酯(Transfluthrin);或DDT;或甲氧氯(Methoxychlor)。 Sodium channel modulator/potential-dependent sodium channel blockers, such as pyrethroids, such as Arrinathrin, Allethrin, d-cis-trans-methrin, d - Trans-methrin, Bifenthrin, Bioallethrin, Bio-Promethrin S-cyclopentyl isomer, Bioresmethrin, Cycloprothrin, Saifu Cyfluthrin, β-赛福宁, Cyhalothrin, λ-赛洛宁, γ-赛洛宁, Cypermethrin, α-赛灭宁, β-赛灭宁, θ - Sai Ningning, ζ-赛灭宁, Cyphenothrin [(1R)-trans isomer], Deltamethrin, Enpenthrin [(EZ)-( 1R) isomer), Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Fluorochlorine Flumethrin, tau-Fluvalinate, Halfenprox, Imiprothrin, Kadethrin, Permethrin, Permethrin (Phe Nothrin) [(1R)-trans isomer), prionethrin, pyrethrine (pyrethrum), methicillin (Resmethrin), flumethrin (Silafluofen), Tefluthrin, Tetramethrin, methrin [(1R) isomer], Tramomethrin, and Transfluthrin; or DDT; Or Methoxychlor.

菸鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體(nAChR)激動劑,例如新菸鹼類(neonicotinoids),如亞滅培(Acetamiprid),可尼丁(Clothianidin),呋蟲胺(Dinotefuran),吡蟲啉(Imidacloprid),烯啶蟲胺(Nitenpyram),噻蟲啉(Thiacloprid),及噻蟲嗪(Thiamethoxam);或尼古丁。 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, such as neonicotinoids, such as Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Imidacloprid , Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid, and Thiamethoxam; or Nicotine.

菸鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體(nAChR)活化劑,例如賜諾司類(spinosyns),如乙基多殺菌素(Spinetoram)及多殺菌素(Spinosad)。 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activators, such as spinosyns, such as spinetoram and spinosad.

氯離子通道活化劑,例如阿維菌素/米爾倍黴素(avermectins/milbemycins),如阿巴美丁(Abamectin),埃瑪菌素苯甲酸化 物(Emamectin benzoate),雷皮菌素(Lepimectin),及密滅汀(Milbemectin)。 Chloride channel activators, such as avermectins/milbemycins, such as Abamectin, Emamectin benzoate, Lepimectin , and Milbetectin.

幼體激素模擬物,例如幼體激素類似物,如烯蟲乙酯(Hydroprene),烯蟲炔酯(Kinoprene),及烯蟲酯(Methoprene);或苯氧威(Fenoxycarb);或吡丙醚(Pyriproxyfen)。 A steroid hormone mimetic, such as a larval hormone analog, such as Hydroprene, Kinoprene, and Methoprene; or Fenoxycarb; or Pyriproxyfen ).

多樣的非特定(多點)抑制劑,例如烷基鹵化物,如甲基溴化物及其他烷基鹵化物;或氯化苦(Chloropicrin);或硫醯氟(Sulfuryl fluoride);或硼砂(Borax);或吐酒石(Tartar emetic)。 a variety of non-specific (multi-point) inhibitors, such as alkyl halides such as methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; or Chloropicrin; or Sulfuryl fluoride; or Borax (Borax) ); or Tartar emetic.

選擇性同翅目餵食阻斷劑,如吡蚜酮(Pymetrozine);或氟啶蟲醯胺(Flonicamid)。 Selective Homoptera feeding blockers, such as Pymetrozine; or Flonicamid.

蟎類生長抑制劑,如四蟎嗪(Clofentezine),噻蟎酮(Hexythiazox),及氟蟎嗪(Diflovidazin);或依殺蟎(Etoxazole)。 Terpenoid growth inhibitors, such as Clofentezine, Hexythiazox, and Diflovidazin; or Etoxazole.

昆蟲腸膜之微生物破壞劑,如蘇雲金芽孢桿菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)以色列亞種,圓形芽孢桿菌(Bacillus sphaericus),蘇雲金芽孢桿菌鮎澤亞種,蘇雲金芽孢桿菌庫斯塔克亞種,蘇雲金芽孢桿菌步行蟲亞種,及BT作物蛋白質:Cry1Ab,Cry1Ac,Cry1Fa,Cry2Ab,mCry3A,Cry3Ab,Cry3Bb,Cry34/35Ab1。 Microbial disrupting agents for insect gut membranes, such as Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israel, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp., Bacillus thuringiensis Kustal subspecies, Bacillus thuringiensis walking Subspecies, and BT crop proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cry2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34/35Ab1.

粒線體ATP合成酶抑制劑,例如殺蟎硫隆(Diafenthiuron);或有機錫殺蟎劑,如三唑錫(Azocyclotin),三環錫(Cyhexatin),及苯丁錫(Fenbutatin oxide);或炔蟎特(Propargite);或三氯殺蟎碸(Tetradifon)。 a mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor, such as Diafenthiuron; or an organotin acaricide such as Azocyclotin, Cyhexatin, and Fenbutatin Oxide; Propargite; or Tetradifon.

藉由干擾質子梯度作用之氧化磷酸化去偶合劑,例如溴蟲腈(Chlorfenapyr),DNOC,及氟蟲胺(Sulfluramid)。 Oxidative phosphorylation decoupling agents by interfering with proton gradients, such as Chlorfenapyr, DNOC, and Sulfluramid.

菸鹼型乙醯膽鹼受體(nAChR)通道阻斷劑,例如殺蟲磺(Sulfluramid),殺螟丹(Cartap hydrochloride),殺蟲環(Thiocyclam),及殺蟲安-鈉(Thiosultap-sodium)。 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, such as Sulfluramid, Cartap hydrochloride, Thiocyclam, and Thiosultap-sodium ).

幾丁質生合成抑制劑,0型,例如雙三氟蟲脲(Bistrifluron),定蟲隆(Chlorfluazuron),除蟲脲(Diflubenzuron),氟環脲 (Flucycloxuron),氟草定(Flufenoxuron),六伏隆(Hexaflumuron),祿芬隆(Lufenuron),雙苯氟脲(Novaluron),諾伏隆(Noviflumuron),氟苯脲(Teflubenzuron),及殺蟲隆(Triflumuron)。 Chitin biosynthesis inhibitor, type 0, such as Bistrifluron, Chlorfluazuron, Diflubenzuron, Flucycloxuron, Flufenoxuron, hexaflu (Hexaflumuron), Lufenuron, Novaluron, Noviflumuron, Teflubenzuron, and Triflumuron.

幾丁質生合成抑制劑,1型,例如噻嗪酮(Buprofezin)。 Chitin biosynthesis inhibitor, type 1, such as Buprofezin.

蛻皮干擾素,例如環丙胺嗪(Cyromazine)。 A ecdysone interferon, such as Cyromazine.

蛻皮激素受體激動劑,例如環蟲醯肼(Chromafenozide),氯蟲醯肼(Halofenozide),甲氧基蟲醯肼(Methoxyfenozide),及蟲醯肼(Tebufenozide)。 Ecdysone receptor agonists, such as Chromafenozide, Halofenozide, Methoxyfenozide, and Tebufenozide.

章魚胺受體激動劑,例如蟲蟎脒(Amitraz)。 Octopamine receptor agonist, such as Amitraz.

粒線體複合物III電子傳遞抑制劑,例如氟蟻腙(Hydramethylnon);或滅蟎醌(Acequinocyl);或嘧蟎酯(Fluacrypyrim)。 Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors, such as Hydramethylnon; or Acequinocyl; or Fluacrypyrim.

粒線體複合物I電子傳遞抑制劑,例如METI殺蟎劑,如喹蟎醚(Fenazaquin),唑蟎酯(Fenpyroximate),嘧蟎醚(Pyrimidifen),噠蟎靈(Pyridaben),吡蟎胺(Tebufenpyrad),及唑蟲醯胺(Tolfenpyrad);或魚藤酮(魚藤)(Rotenone(Derris))。 Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, such as METI acaricides such as Fenazaquin, Fenpyroximate, Pyrimidifen, Pyridaben, Pyridoxamine Tebufenpyrad), and tolfenpyrad; or rotenone (Derris).

電位依賴性鈉通道阻斷劑,如茚蟲威(Indoxacarb);或氰氟蟲腙(Metaflumizone)。 A potential-dependent sodium channel blocker, such as Indoxacarb; or Metaflumizone.

乙醯CoA羧化酶抑制劑,例如季酮(tetronic)酸及四胺(tetramic)酸衍生物,如螺蟎酯(Spirodiclofen),蟎酯(Spiromesifen),及螺蟲乙酯(Spirotetramat)。 Acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors, such as tetronic acid and tetramic acid derivatives, such as spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, and spirotetramat.

粒線體複合物IV電子傳遞抑制劑,例如膦類,如磷化鋁,磷化鈣,膦,及磷化鋅;或氰化物。 Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, such as phosphines, such as aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine, and zinc phosphide; or cyanide.

粒線體複合物II電子傳遞抑制劑,例如腈吡蟎酯(Cyenopyrafen)。 Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitor, such as Cyenopyrafen.

蘭尼鹼受體(Ryanodine receptor)調節劑,例如二醯胺,如氯蟲苯甲醯胺(Chlorantraniliprole)及氟蟲醯胺(Flubendiamide)。 Ryanodine receptor modulators, such as diamines, such as Chlorantraniliprole and Flubendiamide.

未知或未確定作用模式之其他活性組份,例如磺胺蟎酯(Amidoflumet),印楝素(Azadirachtin),苯克賽(Benclothiaz),苯蟎特(Benzoximate),聯苯肼酯(Bifenazate),丙醇溴(Bromopropylate),滅蟎猛(Chinomethionat),冰晶石,氰蟲醯胺(Cyazypyr),丁氟蟎酯(Cyflumetofen),大克蟎(Dicofol),氟蟎嗪(Diflovidazin),扶碸(Fluensulfone),嘧蟲胺(Flufenerim),丁蟲腈(Flufiprole),氟吡菌醯胺(Fluopyram),呋喃蟲醯肼(Fufenozide),氯噻啉(Imidaclothiz),撲海因(Iprodione),啶蟲丙醚(Pyridalyl),吡氟喹唑酮(Pyrifluquinazon),及甲基碘;另外,根據堅強芽孢桿菌(I-1582,BioNeem,Votivo)之產物或下列已知活性化合物之一種:3-溴-N-{2-溴-4-氯-6-[(1-環丙基乙基)胺基甲醯]苯基}-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧醯胺(已知於WO2005/077934),4-{[(6-溴吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115644),4-{[(6-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115644),4-{[(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115644),4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115644),4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115644),4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115643),4-{[(5,6-二氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115646),4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](環丙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於WO2007/115643),4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](環丙基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於EP-A-0 539 588),4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)胺基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(已知於EP-A-0 539 588),{[1-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)氧撐-λ4-亞硫烷基}氰胺(已知於WO2007/149134)及其非對映異構物{[(1R)-1-(6-氯吡啶 -3-基)乙基](甲基)氧撐-λ4-亞硫烷基}氰胺(A)及{[(1S)-1-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)氧撐-λ4-亞硫烷基}氰胺(B)(亦已知於WO2007/149134)以及氟啶蟲胺腈(Sulfoxaflor)(亦已知於WO2007/149134)及其非對映異構物[(R)-甲基(氧撐){(1R)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-亞硫烷基]氰胺(A1)及[(S)-甲基(氧撐){(1S)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-亞硫烷基]氰胺(A2),指稱為非對映異構物A之群組(已知於WO2010/074747,WO2010/074751),[(R)-甲基(氧撐){(1S)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-亞硫烷基]氰胺(B1)及[(S)-甲基(氧撐){(1R)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-亞硫烷基]氰胺(B2),指稱為非對映異構物B之群組(亦已知於WO2010/074747,WO2010/074751),及11-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-12-羥基-1,4-二氧雜-9-氮雜二螺[4.2.4.2]十四-11-烯-10-酮(已知於WO2006/089633),3-(4'-氟-2,4-二甲基聯苯基-3-基)-4-羥基-8-氧雜-1-氮雜螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-2-酮(已知於WO2008/067911),1-{2-氟-4-甲基-5-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亞磺醯基]苯基}-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺(已知於WO2006/043635),[(3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(環丙基羰基)氧基]-6,12-二羥基-4,12b-二甲基-11-酮基-9-(吡啶-3-基)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氫-2H,11H-苯並[f]吡喃並[4,3-b]苯并哌喃-4-基]甲基環丙烷羧酸酯(已知於WO2008/066153),2-氰基-3-(二氟甲氧基)-N,N-二甲基苯磺醯胺(已知於WO2006/056433),2-氰基-3-(二氟甲氧基)-N-甲基苯磺醯胺(已知於WO2006/100288),2-氰基-3-(二氟甲氧基)-N-乙基苯磺醯胺(已知於WO2005/035486),4-(二氟甲氧基)-N-乙基-N-甲基-1,2-苯並噻唑-3-胺1,1-二氧化物(已知於WO2007/057407),N-[1-(2,3-二甲基苯基)-2-(3,5-二甲基苯基)乙基]-4,5-二氫-1,3-噻唑-2-胺(已知於WO2008/104503),{1'-[(2E)-3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-烯-1-基]-5-氟螺[吲哚 -3,4'-六氫吡啶]-1(2H)-基}(2-氯吡啶-4-基)甲酮(已知於WO2003/106457),3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-4-羥基-8-甲氧基-1,8-二氮雜螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-2-酮(已知於WO2009/049851),3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-8-甲氧基-2-酮基-1,8-二氮雜螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-4-基乙基碳酸酯(已知於WO2009/049851),4-(丁-2-炔-1-基氧基)-6-(3,5-二甲基六氫吡啶-1-基)-5-氟嘧啶(已知於WO2004/099160),(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)(3,3,3-三氟丙基)丙二腈(已知於WO2005/063094),(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)(3,3,4,4,4-五氟丁基)丙二腈(已知於WO2005/063094),8-[2-(環丙基甲氧基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-3-[6-(三氟甲基)嗒-3-基]-3-氮雜二環[3.2.1]辛烷(已知於WO2007/040280),2-乙基-7-甲氧基-3-甲基-6-[(2,2,3,3-四氟-2,3-二氫-1,4-苯並二辛-6-基)氧基]喹啉-4-基甲基碳酸酯(已知於JP2008/110953),2-乙基-7-甲氧基-3-甲基-6-[(2,2,3,3-四氟-2,3-二氫-1,4-苯並二辛-6-基)氧基]喹啉-4-基醋酸酯(已知於JP 2008/110953),PF1364(CAS-Reg.No.1204776-60-2)(已知於JP2010/018586),5-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯甲腈(已知於WO2007/075459),5-[5-(2-氯吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯甲腈(已知於WO2007/075459),4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-{2-酮基-2-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基)胺基]乙基}苯甲醯胺(已知於WO2005/085216),4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](環丙基)胺基}-1,3-唑-2(5H)-酮,4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)胺基}-1,3-唑-2(5H)-酮,4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](乙基)胺基}-1,3-唑-2(5H)-酮,4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)胺基}-1,3-唑-2(5H)-酮(所有均已知於WO2010/005692),NNI-0711(已知於WO2002096882),1-乙 醯-N-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-甲氧基丙-2-基)-3-異丁基苯基]-N-異丁醯基-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-羧醯胺(已知於WO2002096882),2-[2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}胺基)-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲醯]-2-甲基肼羧酸甲酯(已知於WO2005/085216),2-[2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}胺基)-5-氰基-3-甲基苯甲醯]-2-乙基肼羧酸甲酯(已知於WO2005/085216),2-[2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}胺基)-5-氰基-3-甲基苯甲醯]-2-甲基肼羧酸甲酯(已知於WO2005/085216),2-[3,5-二溴-2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}胺基)苯甲醯]-1,2-二乙基肼羧酸甲酯(已知於WO2005/085216),2-[3,5-二溴-2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}胺基)苯甲醯]-2-乙基肼羧酸甲酯(已知於WO2005/085216),(5RS,7RS;5RS,7SR)-1-(6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基)-1,2,3,5,6,7-六氫-7-甲基-8-硝基-5-丙氧基咪唑並[1,2-a]吡啶(已知於WO2007/101369),2-{6-[2-(5-氟吡啶-3-基)-1,3-噻唑-5-基]吡啶-2-基}嘧啶(已知於WO2010/006713),2-{6-[2-(吡啶-3-基)-1,3-噻唑-5-基]吡啶-2-基}嘧啶(已知於WO2010/006713),1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-[4-氰基-2-甲基-6-(甲基胺基甲醯)苯基]-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-1H-四唑-1-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-羧醯胺(已知於WO2010/069502),1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-[4-氰基-2-甲基-6-(甲基胺基甲醯)苯基]-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-2H-四唑-2-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-羧醯胺(已知於WO2010/069502),N-[2-(第三丁基胺基甲醯)-4-氰基-6-甲基苯基]-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-1H-四唑-1-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-羧醯胺(已知於WO2010/069502),N-[2-(第三丁基胺基甲醯)-4-氰基-6-甲基苯基]-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-2H-四唑-2-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-羧醯胺(已知於WO2010/069502),及(1E)-N-[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基]-N'-氰基-N-(2,2-二氟乙基)乙脒(已知於 WO2008/009360)。 Other active components of unknown or undefined mode of action, such as Amidoflumet, Azadirachtin, Benclothiaz, Benzoximate, Bifenazate, C Bromopropylate, Chinomethionat, cryolite, Cyazypyr, Cyflumetofen, Dicofol, Diflovidazin, Fuensulfone ), Flufenerim, Flufiprole, Fluopyram, Fufenozide, Imidaclothiz, Iprodione, acetamiprid Pyridalyl, pyrrubiquinone (Pyrifluquinazon), and methyl iodide; additionally, according to the product of Bacillus lentus (I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo) or one of the following known active compounds: 3-bromo-N -{2-Bromo-4-chloro-6-[(1-cyclopropylethyl)aminocarboxamidine]phenyl}-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5 Carboxylamidine (known in WO2005/077934), 4-{[(6-bromopyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (already Known as WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl Amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known in WO2007/115644), 4-{[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl) Amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known in WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2 (5H)-ketone (known in WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H) -ketone (known in WO2007/115644), 4-{[(6-chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known In WO2007/115643), 4-{[(5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2-fluoroethyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known in WO2007/ 115646), 4-{[(6-Chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known in WO2007/115643), 4 -{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known in EP-A-0 539 588), 4-{[( 6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}furan-2(5H)-one (known in EP-A-0 539 588), {[1-(6-chloropyridine- 3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxyl-λ4-sulfinyl}cyanamide (known in WO2007/149134) and its diastereomers {[(1R)-1-(6-) Chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxyl-λ4-sulfinyl}cyanamide A) and {[(1S)-1-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)ethyl](methyl)oxyl-λ4-sulfinyl}cyanamide (B) (also known in WO2007/ 149134) and fluazimidazole (also known as WO2007/149134) and its diastereomers [(R)-methyl(oxygen){(1R)-1-[6-( Trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfinyl]cyanamide (A1) and [(S)-methyl(oxygen){(1S)-1-[6-( Trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfinyl]cyanamide (A2), referred to as the group of diastereomers A (known in WO2010/074747, WO2010/ 074751), [(R)-Methyl(oxy){(1S)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfinyl]cyanamide B1) and [(S)-methyl(oxy){(1R)-1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl]ethyl}-λ4-sulfinyl]cyanamide B2), referred to as the group of diastereomers B (also known as WO2010/074747, WO2010/074751), and 11-(4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-12- Hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azaspiro[4.2.4.2]tetradec-11-ene-10-one (known in WO2006/089633), 3-(4'-fluoro-2, 4-Dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)-4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro[4.5]indole-3-en-2-one (known in WO2008/067911), 1 -{2-fluoro-4-methyl-5- [(2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl)sulfinyl]phenyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-amine (known in WO2006 /043635), [(3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)oxy]-6,12-dihydroxy-4,12b-dimethyl-11-one- 9-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-decahydro-2H,11H-benzo[f]pyrano[4,3- b] benzopyran-4-yl]methylcyclopropanecarboxylate (known in WO 2008/066153), 2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N,N-dimethylbenzene Sulfonamide (known in WO2006/056433), 2-cyano-3-(difluoromethoxy)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide (known in WO2006/100288), 2-cyano-3 -(difluoromethoxy)-N-ethylbenzenesulfonamide (known in WO2005/035486), 4-(difluoromethoxy)-N-ethyl-N-methyl-1,2- Benzothiazol-3-amine 1,1-dioxide (known in WO2007/057407), N-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-2-(3,5-dimethyl Phenyl)ethyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (known in WO2008/104503), {1'-[(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl) Prop-2-en-1-yl]-5-fluorospiro[吲哚-3,4'-hexahydropyridine]-1(2H)-yl}(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)methanone Known in WO2003/106457), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diaza [4.5] Ind-3-en-2-one (known in WO 2009/049851), 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-8-methoxy-2-keto-1,8- Diazaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-4-ylethyl carbonate (known in WO2009/049851), 4-(but-2-yn-1-yloxy)-6-(3, 5-Dimethylhexahydropyridin-1-yl)-5-fluoropyrimidine (known in WO2004/099160), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)malononitrile (known in WO2005/063094), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) (3,3, 4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)malononitrile (known in WO2005/063094), 8-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]- 3-[6-(trifluoromethyl)anthracene 3-yl]-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane (known in WO2007/040280), 2-ethyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2, 2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoic acid Oct-6-yl)oxy]quinolin-4-ylmethyl carbonate (known in JP 2008/110953), 2-ethyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2, 2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoic acid Oct-6-yloxy]quinolin-4-yl acetate (known in JP 2008/110953), PF 1364 (CAS-Reg. No. 1204776-60-2) (known in JP 2010/018586), 5-[5-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (known in WO2007/075459), 5-[5-(2-chloropyridine-4- Base)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile (known in WO2007/075459), 4-[5-(3,5-dichlorobenzene) Base)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2- Zyrid-3-yl]-2-methyl-N-{2-keto-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)amino]ethyl}benzamide (known in WO2005 /085216), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](cyclopropyl)amino}-1,3- Azole-2(5H)-one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](2,2-difluoroethyl)amino}-1,3- Azole-2(5H)-one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](ethyl)amino}-1,3- Azole-2(5H)-one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}-1,3- Azole-2(5H)-one (all known from WO2010/005692), NNI-0711 (known in WO2002096882), 1-acetam-N-[4-(1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropan-2-yl)-3-isobutylphenyl]-N-isobutylguanidinyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide ( Known in WO2002096882), 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-chloro- Methyl 3-methylbenzhydrazide]-2-methylindolecarboxylate (known in WO2005/085216), 2-[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzhydrazide]-2-ethylindolecarboxylic acid methyl ester (known in WO2005/085216), 2 -[2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)-5-cyano-3-methylbenzene Methyl]-2-methylindolecarboxylate (known in WO2005/085216), 2-[3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridine-2-) Methyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzhydrazide]-1,2-diethylindolecarboxylic acid methyl ester (known in WO2005/085216), 2-[3,5- Dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}amino)benzamide]-2-ethylindolecarboxylate Methyl ester (known in WO2005/085216), (5RS, 7RS; 5RS, 7SR)-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-1,2,3 ,5,6,7-hexahydro-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxyimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (known in WO2007/101369), 2-{6-[ 2-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidine (known in WO2010/006713), 2-{6-[2-(pyridine- 3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]pyridin-2-yl}pyrimidine (known in WO2010/006713), 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyanide Benzyl-2-methyl-6-(methylaminoformamidine)phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyridyl Oxazol-5-carboxyguanamine (known in WO2010/069502), 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-N-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6-(methylamino)醯)Phenyl]-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxyguanamine (known in WO2010/069502) , N-[2-(Tertiary butylaminomethylhydrazine)-4-cyano-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-( Trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known in WO2010/069502), N-[2-(t-butylamino) Formamidine)-4-cyano-6-methylphenyl]-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-{[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-tetrazole-2- Methyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxyguanamine (known in WO2010/069502), and (1E)-N-[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl]-N'- Cyano-N-(2,2- Difluoroethyl)ethyl hydrazine (known in WO 2008/009360).

微量營養素及含微量營養素之化合物:於本發明內文中,微量營養素及含微量營養素之化合物係關於選自由活性組份(其含有至少一種選自由鋅,鎂,鉬,鐵及銅或微量營養素硼之金屬離子所組成之群組)所組成群組之化合物。更佳者,這些微量營養素及含微量營養素之化合物係選自由下列者所組成之群組:含鋅化合物-丙森鋅(Propineb),多抗黴素Z(Polyoxin Z)(鋅鹽),代森鋅(Zineb),福美鋅(Ziram),噻唑二鋅(thiodazole),環烷酸鋅(zinc naphthenate)及代森錳鋅(Mancozeb)(亦含有錳),含錳化合物-代森錳(Maneb),代森聯(Metiram)及代森錳銅(Mancopper)(亦含有銅),含鐵化合物-福美鐵(Ferbam),銅(Cu)及含銅化合物-波爾多混合物(Bordeaux mixture),勃艮第混合物(Burgundy mixture),切森特混合物(Cheshunt mixture),氯氧化銅,硫酸銅,鹼式硫酸銅(如三元硫酸銅),氧化銅,辛酸銅,氫氧化銅,奧辛-銅,醋酸銨銅,環烷酸銅,螯合銅(如呈胺基酸螯合物),代森錳銅(mancopper),艾莎派(acypetacs)-銅,醋酸銅,鹼式碳酸銅,油酸銅,矽酸銅,鉻酸鋅銅,銅合浦(cufraneb),福美銅氯(cuprobam),噻森銅(saisentong),及噻菌銅(thiodiazole-copper),及其組合。 Micronutrients and compounds containing micronutrients: In the context of the present invention, micronutrients and micronutrient-containing compounds are selected from active components (which contain at least one selected from the group consisting of zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, iron and copper or micronutrient boron). a group of metal ions consisting of a group of compounds. More preferably, the micronutrients and micronutrient-containing compounds are selected from the group consisting of zinc-containing compounds, Propineb, and polyoxin Z (zinc salts). Zineb, Ziram, thiodazole, zinc naphthenate and Mancozeb (also containing manganese), manganese-containing manganese (Maneb ), Metiram and Mancopper (also containing copper), iron-containing compound - Ferbam, copper (Cu) and copper-containing compound - Bordeaux mixture, Burgundy Mixundy mixture, Cheshunt mixture, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, basic copper sulphate (such as copper ternary sulfate), copper oxide, copper octoate, copper hydroxide, osin-copper, Copper ammonium acetate, copper naphthenate, chelated copper (such as an amino acid chelate), mancopper, acypetacs-copper, copper acetate, basic copper carbonate, oleic acid Copper, copper ruthenate, copper chromate copper, copper cufraneb, cuprobam, saisentong, and thiodiazole-cop Per), and combinations thereof.

雖然根據本發明之組合物可為其組成物,最終使用之組成物通常係藉由將化合物(A)與至少一種選自下列者所組成之群組之化合物(B):(B1)選自包含噻醯菌胺及噻菌靈之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,及包含(B2)選自包含異皮姆及丙環唑之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員,及一惰性載體摻合而製備,且如果需要,藉由添加表面活化劑及/或另一個調配物用輔助劑,如一延展劑,且藉由將該組合物調配成油性調配物,可乳化之濃縮物,可流動之調配物,可濕性粉末,水可分散之顆粒,粉末,顆粒,或類似物。該調配物,其 可單獨使用或藉由添加另一個惰性組成份而使用,可用作為殺蟲劑。 Although the composition according to the present invention may be a composition thereof, the composition to be finally used is usually selected from the group consisting of compound (A) and at least one selected from the group consisting of (B): (B1) is selected from the group consisting of: a member of the group of host defense inducers comprising thiabendamine and thiabendazole, and a member comprising (B2) selected from the group of other fungicides comprising isopir and propiconazole, and an inert carrier blend Prepare, and if necessary, emulsifiable concentrate by adding a surfactant and/or another formulation with an adjuvant, such as an extender, and by formulating the composition into an oily formulation, flowable Formulations, wettable powders, water dispersible granules, powders, granules, or the like. The formulation, which may be used alone or by the addition of another inert component, may be used as an insecticide.

根據本發明之較佳具體例,組成物係藉由,包含將協同有效之根據本發明之組合物物與延展劑,表面活化劑或其組合物混合而製備。 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition is prepared by mixing a synergistically effective composition according to the invention with an extender, a surfactant or a combination thereof.

此最終組成物之其他特定組成份係說明如後。 Other specific components of this final composition are described below.

“組成物”可藉由將化合物(A)及至少一種選自包含下列群組之化合物(B):(B1)選自噻醯菌胺及噻菌靈之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,及包含(B2)選自異皮姆及丙環唑之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員,如說明於前調配而製備,且然後製備該調配物或其等之稀釋劑。 The "composition" can be obtained by combining the compound (A) and at least one member selected from the group consisting of the following group (B): (B1) a host defense inducer group selected from the group consisting of thiabendamine and thiabendazole. And a member comprising (B2) a group of other fungicides selected from the group consisting of isopir and propiconazole, prepared as described for prior formulation, and then preparing a diluent for the formulation or the like.

為了清楚起見,一組合物係指化合物(A)及至少一種選自包含下列之化合物(B):(B1)選自噻醯菌胺及噻菌靈之宿主防禦誘導劑群組之成員,且包含(B2)選自異皮姆及丙環唑之其他殺真菌劑群組之成員的物理性組合物,而一組成物係指與其他添加劑結合在一起之組合物,如表面活化劑,溶劑,載體,顏料,消泡劑,增稠劑及延展劑,以適於農化施用之型式。 For the sake of clarity, a group consists of a compound (A) and at least one member selected from the group consisting of: (B1) a group of host defense inducers selected from the group consisting of thiabendamine and thiabendazole, And comprising (B2) a physical composition selected from the group consisting of other fungicides of isopir and propiconazole, and a composition means a composition combined with other additives, such as a surfactant, Solvents, carriers, pigments, defoamers, thickeners and extenders are suitable for agrochemical applications.

因此,本發明亦關於用來控制有害微生物,尤其是有害真菌及細菌的組成物,其包含有效及非植物毒性量之本發明組合物。其等宜為殺真菌組成物,其包含農用適當的輔助劑,溶劑,載體,表面活化劑或延展劑。 Accordingly, the present invention also relates to compositions for controlling harmful microorganisms, particularly harmful fungi and bacteria, comprising an effective and non-phytotoxic amount of the composition of the present invention. It is preferably a fungicidal composition comprising an agricultural adjuvant, a solvent, a carrier, a surfactant or an extender.

於本發明內文中,“控制有害微生物”係指與未經處理之植物相較以殺真菌功效來測量時有害微生物之感染減少,宜為與未經處理之植物相較(100%)時減少25-100%,更宜為與未經處理之植物相較(100%)時減少40-100%;甚至更宜為,有害微生物之感染完全壓制(70-100%)。該控制可以是治療,亦即治療已感染之植物,或防護,以保護未被感染之植物。 In the context of the present invention, "control of harmful microorganisms" means a reduction in the infection of harmful microorganisms as measured by fungicidal efficacy compared to untreated plants, preferably in comparison with untreated plants (100%). 25-100%, more preferably 40-100% compared to untreated plants (100%); even more preferably, infection of harmful microorganisms is completely suppressed (70-100%). The control can be treatment, i.e., treatment of infected plants, or protection to protect uninfected plants.

“有效但非植物毒性量”係指本發明組成物之量,其足以用滿意的方式控制植物真菌性疾病或徹底根治真菌性疾病,且其同時,未造成任何明顯徵狀的植物毒性。通常,此施用率可於相當廣的範圍內變化。其係根據數種因素,例如將要控制之真菌,植物,天氣情況及本發明之組成物的組份。 By "effective but non-phytotoxic amount" is meant an amount of a composition of the invention sufficient to control a plant fungal disease or to completely eradicate a fungal disease in a satisfactory manner, and at the same time, does not cause any significant symptoms of phytotoxicity. Generally, this rate of application can vary over a wide range. It is based on several factors such as the fungus to be controlled, the plant, the weather conditions and the components of the composition of the invention.

本發明亦關於控制植物致病性微生物,包括真菌及細菌的方法,其包含將該微生物或其環境區用上述組成物處理。 The invention also relates to a method of controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising treating the microorganism or its environmental zone with the above composition.

本發明係進一步關於處理種子的方法,其包含將該種子與上述組成物接觸。根據本發明之一個較佳具體例,該種子係同時用組成份(A)及組成份(B)處理。根據本發明另一個較佳具體例,該種子係於與用組成份(B)處理之不同時間用組成份(A)處理。 The invention is further directed to a method of treating a seed comprising contacting the seed with the composition described above. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the seed is treated simultaneously with component (A) and component (B). According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than that treated with component (B).

最後,本發明亦關於用上述組成物處理之種子。 Finally, the invention also relates to seeds treated with the above compositions.

調配物  Formulation  

適當的有機溶劑包含通常使用於調配物目的之所有極性及非極性有機溶劑。該溶劑宜選自:酮類,如甲基-異丁基-酮及環己酮,醯胺,如二甲基甲醯胺及烷羧酸醯胺,如N,N-二甲基癸醯胺及N,N-二甲基辛醯胺,另外,環狀溶劑,如N-甲基-吡咯烷酮,N-辛基-吡咯烷酮,N-十二烷基-吡咯烷酮,N-辛基-己內醯胺,N-十二烷基-己內醯胺及丁內酯,另外,強極性溶劑,如二甲亞碸,及芳族烴類,如二甲苯,SolvessoTM,礦物油,如石油溶劑,石油,烷基苯及錠子油,以及酯類,如丙二醇-單甲基醚醋酸酯,己二酸二丁酯,醋酸己酯,醋酸庚酯,檸檬酸三正丁酯及鄰苯二甲酸二正丁酯,以及烷醇,如苄醇及1-甲氧基-2-丙醇。 Suitable organic solvents include all polar and non-polar organic solvents commonly used for the purpose of the formulation. The solvent is preferably selected from the group consisting of ketones such as methyl-isobutyl-ketone and cyclohexanone, decylamines such as dimethylformamide and decylamines such as N,N-dimethylhydrazine. Amines and N,N-dimethyloctylamine, in addition, cyclic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-pyrrolidone, N-dodecyl-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-hexane Amides, N- dodecyl - caprolactam-butyrolactone and, in addition, strongly polar solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, Solvesso TM, a mineral oil, such as petroleum solvent , petroleum, alkyl benzene and spindle oil, and esters such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dibutyl adipate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, tri-n-butyl citrate and phthalic acid Di-n-butyl formate, and alkanols such as benzyl alcohol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol.

根據本發明,載體為天然或合成,有機或無機物質,活性組份係為了更好的實用性而含有或合併有其等,特別是施用至植物或植物部份或種子。該載體,其可為固體或液體,通常為惰性且 應該是適當的用於農業。 According to the invention, the carrier is a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance, and the active ingredient is contained or incorporated for better utility, in particular for application to plants or plant parts or seeds. The carrier, which may be solid or liquid, is generally inert and should be suitable for use in agriculture.

有用之固態或液態載體包含:例如銨鹽及天然岩石粉末,如高嶺土,黏土,滑石,白堊,石英,綠坡縷石,蒙脫土或矽藻土,及合成的岩石粉末,如極度分散之矽石,氧化鋁及天然或合成之矽酸鹽,樹脂,油蠟,固態肥料,水,醇,尤其是丁醇,有機溶劑,礦物油及蔬菜油,及其衍生物。亦可使用此等載體之組合物。 Useful solid or liquid carriers include, for example, ammonium salts and natural rock powders such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and synthetic rock powders such as extremely dispersed Vermiculite, alumina and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, oil waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols, especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral oils and vegetable oils, and derivatives thereof. Compositions of such carriers can also be used.

適當的固態填充劑及載體包括無機顆粒,如碳酸鹽,矽酸鹽,硫酸鹽及氧化物,其平均粒徑為介於0.005及20μm,宜為介於0.02至10μm,例如,硫酸銨,磷酸銨,脲,碳酸鈣,硫酸鈣,硫酸鎂,氧化鎂,氧化銨,矽石,所謂的細顆粒矽石,矽膠,天然及合成矽酸鹽,及矽酸鋁鹽及植物產物,如穀物粉,木粉/鋸末及纖維素粉末。 Suitable solid fillers and carriers include inorganic particles such as carbonates, citrates, sulfates and oxides having an average particle size of between 0.005 and 20 μm, preferably between 0.02 and 10 μm, for example, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid Ammonium, urea, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ammonium oxide, vermiculite, so-called fine-grained vermiculite, tannin extract, natural and synthetic tantalate, and aluminum citrate and plant products such as grain flour , wood flour / sawdust and cellulose powder.

於顆粒時,有用的固態載體包括:例如壓碎且分級之天然岩石,如方解石,大理石,浮石,海泡石,白雲石,及無機及有機粉類之合成顆粒以及有機物質之顆粒,如鋸末,椰子殼,玉米穗軸及菸草稈。 In the case of granules, useful solid carriers include, for example, crushed and graded natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and synthetic particles of inorganic and organic powders, as well as particles of organic matter such as sawdust. , coconut shells, corn cobs and tobacco stalks.

有用之經液化的氣體延展劑或載體為那些於標準溫度及標準壓力下為氣體之液體,例如氣溶膠推進劑如鹵化烴,以及丁烷,丙烷,氮及二氧化碳。 Useful liquefied gas extenders or carriers are those which are gaseous at standard and standard pressures, such as aerosol propellants such as halogenated hydrocarbons, as well as butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

於調配物中,可使用膠黏劑,如羧甲基纖維素,及天然與合成之粉末,顆粒及似格子的聚合物,如阿拉伯膠,聚乙烯醇及聚乙烯醋酸酯,或其他天然磷脂,如腦磷脂及卵磷脂,及合成磷脂。其他添加劑可為礦物油及蔬菜油。 In the formulation, an adhesive such as carboxymethyl cellulose, and natural and synthetic powders, granules and lattice-like polymers such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or other natural phospholipids may be used. Such as cephalin and lecithin, and synthetic phospholipids. Other additives may be mineral oils and vegetable oils.

如果所使用之延展劑為水,其亦可使用,例如,有機溶劑做為輔助溶劑。有用之液態溶劑主要為:芳族,如二甲苯,甲苯或烷基萘,氯化芳族及氯化脂族烴類,如氯苯,氯乙烯或二氯甲烷, 脂族烴類,如環己烷或石蠟,例如礦物油餾份,礦物油及蔬菜油,醇類,如丁醇或乙二醇及其等之醚及酯,酮類如丙酮,甲基乙基酮,甲基異丁基酮或環己酮,強極性溶劑如二甲基甲醯胺及二甲亞碸,以及水。 If the extender used is water, it can also be used, for example, an organic solvent as an auxiliary solvent. Useful liquid solvents are: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalene, chlorinated aromatic and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, vinyl chloride or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as rings Hexane or paraffin, such as mineral oil fraction, mineral oil and vegetable oil, alcohols, such as butanol or ethylene glycol and its ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl Ketone or cyclohexanone, strong polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylhydrazine, and water.

本發明組成物可另外包含其他組成份,例如表面活化劑。有用之表面活化劑為乳化劑及/或泡沫形成劑,具有離子或非離子性特點之分散劑或濕潤劑,或這些表面活化劑之組合物。其等之實例為聚丙烯酸鹽類,木質磺酸鹽類,苯酚磺酸或萘磺酸鹽類,氧化乙烯與脂族醇或與脂肪酸或與脂族胺之縮聚物,經取代之苯酚(宜為烷基苯酚或芳基苯酚),磺基琥珀酸酯的鹽,牛磺酸衍生物(宜為烷基牛磺酸酯),經聚乙氧基化之醇或苯酚的磷酸酯,多元醇之脂肪酸酯,及含有硫酸鹽,磺酸鹽及磷酸鹽之該化合物的衍生物,例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚,烷基磺酸鹽,烷基硫酸鹽,芳基磺酸鹽,蛋白質水解產物,亞硫酸鹽廢液及甲基纖維素。如果活性組份中之一個及/或惰性載體中之一個不溶於水且當施用係在水中生效時必須存在有表面活化劑。表面活化劑之比例以本發明組成物重量計係介於5及40%。 The composition of the invention may additionally comprise other constituents, such as surfactants. Useful surfactants are emulsifiers and/or foam formers, dispersing or wetting agents having ionic or nonionic characteristics, or combinations of these surfactants. Examples of such are polyacrylates, lignosulfonates, phenolsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonates, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with aliphatic alcohols or with fatty acids or with aliphatic amines, substituted phenols (suitable Is an alkylphenol or aryl phenol), a salt of a sulfosuccinate, a taurine derivative (preferably an alkyl taurate), a polyethoxylated alcohol or a phosphate of a phenol, a polyol Fatty acid esters, and derivatives of the compounds containing sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates, such as alkyl aryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates , protein hydrolysate, sulfite waste liquid and methyl cellulose. If one of the active ingredients and/or one of the inert carriers is insoluble in water and a surfactant is present when the application is effective in water. The proportion of surfactant is between 5 and 40% by weight of the composition of the invention.

適當的表面活化劑(輔助劑,乳化劑,分散劑,保護膠體,濕潤劑及膠粘劑)包括所有一般離子性及非離子性物質,例如乙氧基化壬基苯酚,直鏈或分支醇類之聚亞烷基二醇醚,烷基苯酚與環氧乙烷及/或環氧丙烷之反應產物,脂肪酸胺與環氧乙烷及/或環氧丙烷之反應產物,另外,脂肪酸酯,烷基磺酸酯,烷基硫酸酯,烷基醚硫酸酯,烷基醚磷酸酯,芳基硫酸酯,乙氧基化之芳基烷基苯酚,如三苯乙烯-苯酚-乙氧化物,以及乙氧基化及丙氧基化之芳基烷基苯酚,如硫酸化或磷酸化之芳基烷基苯酚-乙氧化物及-乙氧基-及丙氧化物。其他實例為天然及合成,水溶性聚合物,如木質素磺酸鹽, 凝膠,阿拉伯樹膠,磷脂,澱粉,疏水性改良之澱粉及纖維素衍生物,特別是纖維素酯及纖維素醚,其他聚乙烯醇,聚醋酸乙烯酯,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚丙烯酸,聚甲基丙烯酸及(甲基)丙烯酸及(甲基)丙烯酸酯之共聚合產物,及其他甲基丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸酯之共聚合產物,其係用鹼金屬氫氧化物中和且亦為任意被取代之萘磺酸鹽及甲醛的縮合產物。 Suitable surfactants (auxiliaries, emulsifiers, dispersants, protective colloids, wetting agents and adhesives) include all general ionic and nonionic materials such as ethoxylated nonylphenol, linear or branched alcohols. Polyalkylene glycol ether, reaction product of alkylphenol with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, reaction product of fatty acid amine with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, in addition, fatty acid ester, alkane Sulfonate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkyl ether phosphate, aryl sulfate, ethoxylated aryl alkyl phenol, such as tristyrene-phenol-ethoxylate, and Ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols, such as sulfated or phosphorylated arylalkylphenol-ethoxylates and -ethoxy- and propoxylates. Other examples are natural and synthetic, water soluble polymers such as lignosulfonates, gels, gum arabic, phospholipids, starches, hydrophobically modified starches and cellulose derivatives, especially cellulose esters and cellulose ethers, Other polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and copolymerized products of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth) acrylate, and other methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid ester A copolymerized product which is neutralized with an alkali metal hydroxide and which is also a condensation product of any substituted naphthalenesulfonate and formaldehyde.

亦可使用染劑如無機顏料,例如氧化鐵,二氧化鈦及普魯士藍,及有機染劑如茜素染劑,偶氮染劑及金屬鈦花青染劑,及微量營養素如鐵,錳,硼,銅,鈷,鉬及鋅之鹽類。 It is also possible to use dyes such as inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium dioxide and Prussian blue, and organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal titanium cyanine dyes, and micronutrients such as iron, manganese and boron. Copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc salts.

可存在於調配物中之消泡劑包括如聚矽氧乳化液,長鏈醇,脂肪酸及其鹽類以及氟有機物質及其組合物。 Antifoaming agents which may be present in the formulations include, for example, polyoxyl emulsions, long chain alcohols, fatty acids and salts thereof, and fluoroorganic materials and combinations thereof.

增稠劑之實例為多醣類,如黃原膠或矽酸鎂鋁,矽酸鹽,如綠坡縷石,膨潤土以及微粒矽石。 Examples of thickeners are polysaccharides such as xanthan gum or magnesium aluminum silicate, silicates such as attapulgite, bentonite and particulate vermiculite.

如果適當,亦可存在有其他另外的組成份,例如保護膠體,粘合劑,膠粘劑,增稠劑,觸變性物質,滲透劑,穩定劑,螯合劑,複合劑。通常,該活性組份可與任何常用於調配物用途之固態或液態添加劑合併。 If appropriate, other additional components may also be present, such as protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic materials, penetrants, stabilizers, chelating agents, and complexing agents. Generally, the active ingredient can be combined with any solid or liquid additive commonly used in the formulation.

本發明組合物或組成物可如此使用或,根據其等特別的物理及/或化學特性,以其等之調配物型式或由其等所製備之使用型式使用,如氣溶膠,微膠囊懸浮劑,冷霧濃縮物,溫霧濃縮物,包膠顆粒,微細顆粒,種子處理用之流動性濃縮物,立即可用溶液,散播用粉末,可乳化之濃縮物,水包油乳化液,油包水乳化液,大顆粒,小顆粒,油可分散之粉末,油可溶混之流動性濃縮物,油-可溶混之液體,氣體(於壓力下),產氣劑,泡沫,糊劑,包覆殺蟲劑之種子,懸浮液濃縮物,懸乳劑濃縮物,可溶性濃縮物,懸浮液,可濕性粉末,可溶性粉末,粉劑及顆粒,水溶性及水分散性顆粒或 錠劑,處理種子用水溶性及水分散性顆粉末,可濕性粉末,用活性組成份浸透之天然產物及合成物質,以及以種子用聚合物質中及包埋物質之微膠囊劑,以及ULV冷霧及溫霧調配物。 The compositions or compositions of the present invention may be used as such or in accordance with their particular physical and/or chemical properties, in the form of their formulations or their use, such as aerosols, microcapsule suspensions. , cold mist concentrate, warm mist concentrate, encapsulated granules, fine particles, fluid concentrate for seed treatment, ready-to-use solution, powder for dispersion, emulsifiable concentrate, oil-in-water emulsion, water-in-oil Emulsion, large particles, small particles, oil dispersible powder, oil miscible liquid concentrate, oil-miscible liquid, gas (under pressure), gas generating agent, foam, paste, package Insecticide-coated seeds, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsion concentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble powders, powders and granules, water-soluble and water-dispersible granules or lozenges, treated with water Soluble and water-dispersible granules, wettable powders, natural products and synthetic substances impregnated with active ingredients, microcapsules with embedded substances in seed media, and ULV cold fog and warm fog Thereof.

本發明組成物不僅包括立即可用之調配物且可用適當的裝置施用至植物或種子,亦即於使用前必須用水稀釋之市售濃縮物。常用之施用法為例如用水稀釋且隨即將產生的噴灑液噴灑,於油中稀釋後施用,未稀釋即直接施用,處理種子或顆粒土壤施用。 The compositions of the present invention include not only ready-to-use formulations and can be applied to plants or seeds by suitable means, i.e., commercially available concentrates which must be diluted with water prior to use. A commonly used application method is, for example, dilution with water and spraying with a spray liquid to be sprayed, application after dilution in oil, direct application without dilution, treatment of seed or granular soil application.

本發明組合物,組成物及調配物通常含有介於0.05及99重量%,0.01及98重量%,宜為介於0.1及95重量%,更宜為介於0.5及90重量%之活性組成份,最宜為介於10及70重量%。於特殊應用時,如於保護木材及衍生之木材產品時,本發明組合物,組成物及調配物通常含有介於0.0001及95重量%,宜為0.001至60重量%之活性組成份。 The compositions, compositions and formulations of the present invention typically comprise between 0.05 and 99% by weight, 0.01 and 98% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 95% by weight, more preferably between 0.5 and 90% by weight of active ingredient. Most preferably between 10 and 70% by weight. In particular applications, such as for protecting wood and derived wood products, the compositions, compositions and formulations of the present invention typically comprise between 0.0001 and 95% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 60% by weight of active ingredient.

由調配物製得之施用型式中活性組成份的含量可在大範圍中變化。於施用型式中,活性組份的濃度通常係介於0.000001至95重量%,宜為介於0.0001及2重量%。 The amount of active ingredient in the application form made from the formulation can vary over a wide range. In the application form, the concentration of the active ingredient is usually from 0.000001 to 95% by weight, preferably between 0.0001 and 2% by weight.

所提及之調配物可依本身已知之方式製備,例如,藉由將活性組份與至少一種習用延展劑,溶劑或稀釋劑,輔助劑,乳化劑,分散劑,及/或粘合劑或固定劑,濕潤劑,防水劑,如果適當乾燥劑及UV穩定劑且,如果適當,染劑及顏料,消泡劑,防腐劑,無機及有機增稠劑,膠粘劑,赤黴素以及其他加工輔助劑以及水摻合。根據將製備之調配物的型式,需要進一步的處理步驟,如濕式粉碎,乾式粉碎及造粒。 The formulations mentioned may be prepared in a manner known per se, for example, by combining the active ingredient with at least one conventional extender, solvent or diluent, adjuvant, emulsifier, dispersant, and/or binder or Fixing agents, wetting agents, water repellents, if appropriate desiccants and UV stabilizers, and if appropriate, dyes and pigments, defoamers, preservatives, inorganic and organic thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and other processing aids And water blending. Further processing steps such as wet comminution, dry comminution and granulation are required depending on the type of formulation to be prepared.

本發明組合物或組成物可如此存在,或以其等之(市售)調配物及由此等調配物製得之使用型式作為與其他(已知)活性組份,如殺蟲劑,引誘劑,消毒劑,殺細菌劑,殺蟎劑,殺線蟲劑,殺真 菌劑,生長調節劑,除草劑,肥料,安全劑及/或化學資訊素之組合物。 The compositions or compositions of the present invention may be present as such, or may be used in combination with other (known) active ingredients, such as insecticides, in the form of their (commercially available) formulations and the like. A combination of a disinfectant, a bactericide, a bactericide, a nematicide, a fungicide, a growth regulator, a herbicide, a fertilizer, a safener and/or a chemical pheromone.

本發明組合物或組成物對於植物及植物部份之處理係藉由習用處理方法而直接影響或作用於其等之環境區,棲息地或儲存空間,例如藉由浸泡,噴灑,霧化,澆灌,蒸發,噴粉,噴霧,散播,發泡,塗佈,散佈,澆灑(灌水),滴灌水及,於繁殖物質之情況時,尤其是於種子之情況時,亦藉由乾種子處理,濕種子處理,漿液處理,結垢,以一層或多層塗敷等來包埋。其亦可藉由超-低容積法來調配組合物或組成物或將組合物或組成物製劑或組合物或組成物本身注射至土壤。 The treatment of plants and plant parts of the compositions or compositions of the present invention is directly affected or applied to environmental zones, habitats or storage spaces by conventional treatment methods, for example by soaking, spraying, atomizing, watering , evaporation, dusting, spraying, spreading, foaming, coating, spreading, pouring (irrigating), drip irrigation and, in the case of propagating substances, especially in the case of seeds, also by dry seed treatment, Wet seed treatment, slurry treatment, fouling, embedding in one or more layers, and the like. It may also be formulated by the ultra-low volume method or by injecting the composition or composition formulation or composition or composition itself into the soil.

植物/作物保護  Plant/crop protection  

本發明組合物或組成物具備有效的殺微生物活性且可用來控制有害微生物,如植物病原性真菌及細菌,以保護作物及保護物質。 The compositions or compositions of the present invention possess potent microbicidal activity and can be used to control harmful microorganisms, such as phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, to protect crops and protect materials.

本發明亦關於控制有害微生物的方法,其特點在於將本發明組合物或組成物施用至物病原性真菌,植物病原性細菌及/或其等之棲息地。 The present invention also relates to a method of controlling harmful microorganisms, which is characterized in that the composition or composition of the present invention is applied to a habitat of a pathogenic fungus, a phytopathogenic bacterium and/or the like.

殺真菌劑可用來保護作物以控制植物病原性真菌。其特點在於對抗大範圍植物病原性真菌之優異功效,包括土壤傳播的病原菌,其特別是下類之成員:根腫菌綱(Plasmodiophoromycetes),卵菌綱(Peronosporomycetes)(同義詞,Oomycetes),壼菌綱(Chytridiomycetes),接合菌綱(Zygomycetes),子囊菌綱(Ascomycetes),擔子菌綱(Basidiomycetes)及半知菌綱(Deuteromycetes)(同義詞,Fungi imperfecti)。某些殺真菌劑為系統活性且可以葉面,種子敷料或土壤殺真菌劑用來保護植物。另外,其等適用於防治孳生於木材或植物根部之真菌。 Fungicides can be used to protect crops to control phytopathogenic fungi. It is characterized by its excellent efficacy against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi, including soil-borne pathogens, particularly members of the following classes: Plasmodiophoromycetes, Peronosporomycetes (synonym, Oomycetes), sputum Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes (synonym, Fungi imperfecti). Certain fungicides are systemically active and can be used to protect plants by foliar, seed dressing or soil fungicides. In addition, they are suitable for controlling fungi that are born on wood or plant roots.

殺細菌劑可用於作物保護以控制黃單胞菌(Xanthomonadaceae),假單胞菌科(Pseudomonadaceae),根瘤菌科(Rhizobiaceae),腸桿菌科(Enterobacteriaceae),棒狀桿菌科(Corynebacteriaceae)及鏈黴菌(Streptomycetaceae)。 Bactericides can be used for crop protection to control Xanthomonadaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Streptomyces. (Streptomycetaceae).

可根據本發明處理之真菌性疾病之病原菌之非限制性實例包含:由白粉菌病原菌,例如白粉菌屬,例如白粉菌;蘋果白澀病菌屬,例如蘋果白澀病菌;單絲殼屬(Sphaerotheca species),例如蒼耳單絲殼菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea);鈎絲殼屬,例如葡萄鈎絲殼造成之疾病;由銹疾病病原菌,例如梨銹病菌屬,例如檜膠銹菌(Gymnosporangium sabinae);駝孢銹菌屬(Hemileia species),例如咖啡駝孢銹菌;層銹菌屬,例如豆薯層銹菌及山馬蝗層銹菌(Phakopsora meibomiae);柄銹菌屬,例如隱匿柄銹菌(Puccinia recondite),小麥柄銹菌(P.triticina),禾柄銹菌(P.graminis)或鴉茅條形柄銹菌(P.striiformis);單胞銹菌屬(Uromyces species),例如疣頂單胞銹菌(Uromyces appendiculatus)造成之疾病;由來自卵菌綱類之病原菌之群組,例如白銹菌屬(Albugo species),例如白銹菌(Algubo candida);盤梗黴屬(Bremia species),例如,萵苣盤梗黴(Bremia lactucae);霜黴屬(Peronospora species),例如,碗豆霜黴(Peronospora pisi)或蕓苔霜黴(P.brassicae);疫黴屬(Phytophthora species),例如致病疫黴(Phytophthora infestans);單軸黴屬(Plasmopara species),例如,葡萄生單軸黴(Plasmopara viticola);假霜黴屬(Pseudoperonospora species),例如,葎草假霜黴(Pseudoperonospora humuli)或古巴假霜黴(Pseudoperonospora cubensis);腐黴屬(Pythium species),例如,終極腐黴(Pythium ultimum)造成之疾病; 由例如鏈格孢屬,例如,馬鈴薯鏈格孢(Altemaria solani);尾孢屬(Cercospora species),例如,甜菜褐斑病菌(Cercospora beticola);枝孢屬(Cladiosporium species),例如,甜瓜黑星病菌(Cladiosporium cucumerinum);旋胞腔菌屬(Cochliobolus species),例如,禾旋胞腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus)(分生孢生型式:德克塞氏菌,共:長蠕孢屬),宮部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus);刺盤孢屬(Colletotrichum species),例如,豆刺盤孢(Colletotrichum lindemuthanium);環錐病菌屬(Cycloconium species),例如,油橄欖環錐病菌(Cycloconium oleaginum);間座殼屬(Diaporthe species),例如,柑橘間座殼(Diaporthe citri);痂囊腔菌屬(Elsinoe species),例如,柑橘痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe fawcettii);盤長孢屬(Gloeosporium species),例如,悅色盤長孢(Gloeosporium laeticolor);小叢殼屬(Glomerella species),例如,圍小叢殼(Glomerella cingulata);球座菌屬(Guignardia species),例如,葡萄球座菌(Guignardia bidwelli);小球腔菌屬(Leptosphaeria species),例如,斑點小球腔菌(Leptosphaeria maculans),穎枯小球腔菌(Leptosphaeria nodorum);小粒菌核病菌屬(Magnaporthe species),例如稻小粒菌核病菌(Magnaporthe grisea);雪腐病菌屬(Microdochium species),例如紅色雪腐病菌(Microdochium nivale);球腔菌屬(Mycosphaerella species),例如禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella graminicola),落花生球腔菌(M.arachidicola)及黑條葉斑病菌(M.fijiensis);小暗球殼屬(Phaeosphaeria species),例如穎枯病菌(Phaeosphaeria nodorum);核腔菌屬(Pyrenophora species),例如圓核腔菌(Pyrenophora teres),堰麥草核腔菌(Pyrenophora tritici repentis);柱隔孢屬(Ramularia species),例如可洛塞尼柱隔孢菌(Ramularia collo-cygni),白斑柱隔孢菌(Ramularia areola);喙孢屬(Rhynchosporium species),例如黑麥喙孢(Rhynchosporium secalis);殼針孢屬(Septoria species),例如芥菜葉小殼針孢(Septoria apii),義大利蕃茄殼針孢(Septoria lycopersii);核瑚菌屬(Typhula species),例如 內孢核瑚菌(Typhula incarnata);黑星菌屬(Venturia species),例如蘋果黑星菌(Venturia inaequalis)造成之葉斑病及葉凋病;由例如伏革菌屬(Corticium species),例如禾伏革菌(Corticium graminearum);鏈孢黴屬(Fusarium species),例如枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum);頂囊殼屬(Gaeumannomyces species),例如禾頂囊殼菌(Gaeumannomyces graminis);絲核菌屬(Rhizoctonia species),如,例如立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)造成之根及莖疾病;由例如稻帚枝黴(Sarocladium oryzae)造成之帚枝酶疾病;由例如稻腐小核菌(Sclerotium oryzae);泰比菌屬(Tapesia species),例如泰比菌(Tapesia acuformis);根串珠黴屬(Thielaviopsis species),例如根串球黴(Thielaviopsis basicola)造成之小菌核疾病;由例如鏈格孢屬,例如鏈格孢菌(Alternaria spp);麴菌屬(Aspergillus species),例如柄曲黴(Aspergillus flavus);枝孢屬(Cladosporium species),例如白楊煤病菌(Cladosporium cladosporioides);麥角菌屬(Claviceps species),例如麥角菌(Claviceps purpurea);鏈孢黴屬(Fusarium species),例如大刀鏈孢(Fusarium culmorum);赤黴屬(Gibberella species),例如玉蜀黍赤黴(Gibberella zeae);明梭孢屬(Monographella species),例如雪腐明梭孢(Monographella nivalis);殼針孢屬(Septoria species),例如穎枯殼針孢(Septoria nodorum)造成之穗及圓錐花序疾病(包括玉米穗軸);由黑穗病真菌(smut fungi),例如軸黑粉菌屬(Sphacelotheca species),例如絲軸黑粉菌(Sphacelotheca reiliana);腥黑粉菌屬(Tilletia species),例如小麥網腥黑粉菌(Tilletia caries),小麥矮腥黑穗病菌(T.controversa);條黑粉菌屬(Urocystis species),例如隱條黑粉菌(Urocystis occulta);黑粉菌屬(Ustilago species),例如裸黑粉菌(Ustilago nuda),小麥裸黑粉菌(U.nuda tritici)造成之疾病; 由例如,麴菌屬(Aspergillus species),例如柄曲黴(Aspergillus flavus);葡萄孢屬(Botrytis species),例如灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea);青黴屬(Penicillium species),例如擴展青黴菌(Penicillium expansum)及產紫青黴菌(P.purpurogenum);小核菌屬(Sclerotinia species),例如核盤菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum);輪枝孢屬(Verticilium species),例如黃萎輪枝孢菌(Verticilium alboatrum)造成之果腐病;由例如,鏈格孢屬,由例如蕓苔鏈格孢(Alternaria brassicicola);絲囊黴屬(Aphanomyces species),由例如根腐絲囊黴(Aphanomyces euteiches);殼二孢屬(Ascochyta species),由例如扁豆殼二孢(Ascochyta lentis);麴菌屬(Aspergillus species),由例如柄曲黴(Aspergillus flavus);枝孢屬(Cladosporium species),由例如多主枝孢(Cladosporium herbarum);旋胞腔菌屬(Cochliobolus species),由例如禾旋胞腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus);(分生孢子型式:德克塞氏菌,雙極黴屬,同義詞:長蠕孢屬);刺盤孢屬(Colletotrichum species),由例如馬鈴薯炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum coccodes);鏈孢黴屬(Fusarium species),由例如大刀鏈孢(Fusarium culmorum);赤黴菌屬(Gibberella species),由例如玉蜀黍赤黴(Gibberella zeae);殼球孢屬(Macrophomina species),由例如菜豆殼球孢(Macrophomina phaseolina);雪黴葉枯菌屬(Monographella species),由例如小麥雪黴葉枯菌(Monographella nivalis);青黴屬(Penicillium species),由例如擴展青黴菌(Penicillium expansum);莖點黴屬(Phoma species),由例如黑脛莖點黴(Phoma lingam);擬莖點黴屬(Phomopsis species),由例如大豆莖點黴(Phomopsis sojae);疫黴屬(Phytophthora species),由例如惡疫黴(Phytophthora cactorum);核腔菌屬(Pyrenophora species),由例如麥類核腔菌(Pyrenophora graminea);莢白梨孢菌屬(Pyricularia species),由例如稻皮居拉菌(Pyricularia oryzae);腐黴屬(Pythium species),由例如終極腐黴(Pythium ultimum);絲核菌屬 (Pythium ultimum),由例如立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani);根黴菌屬(Rhizopus species),由例如水稻根黴菌(Rhizopus oryzae);小核菌屬(Sclerotium species),由例如小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii);殼針孢屬(Septoria species),由例如穎枯殼針孢(Septoria nodorum);核瑚菌屬(Typhula species),由例如內孢核瑚菌(Typhula incarnata);輪枝孢屬(Verticillium species),由例如大麗花輪枝孢(Verticillium dahliae)造成之種子及土壤傳介之腐爛,發黴,凋萎,腐病及猝倒疾病;由例如叢赤殼屬(Nectria species),例如癭叢赤殼菌(Nectria galligena)造成之疾病;由例如核盤菌屬(Monilinia species),例如核果鏈核盤菌(Monilinia laxa)造成之疾病;由例如外擔菌屬(Exobasidium species),例如壞損外擔菌(Exobasidium vexans)造成之葉片浮腫或葉片蜷曲疾病;外囊菌屬(Taphrina species),例如畸型外囊菌(Taphrina deformans);由例如葡萄厚膜孢菌(Phaemoniella clamydospora),青黴懸鈴木菌(Phaeoacremonium aleophilum)及地中海層臥孔菌(Fomitiporia mediterranea)造成之例如埃斯卡疾病(Esca disease)所造成之木本植物之退化性疾病;由例如葡萄頂枯病菌(Eutypa lata)造成之葡萄頂枯病;由例如小笠原靈芝(Ganoderma boninense)造成之靈芝疾病;由例如木硬孔菌(Rigidoporus lignosus)造成之硬孔菌疾病;由例如葡萄孢屬(Botrytis species),例如灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)造成之花及種子的疾病;由例如絲核菌屬(Rhizoctonia species),例如立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani);長蠕孢屬(Helminthosporium species),例如腐衣長蠕孢(Helminthosporium solani)造成之植物球莖的疾病; 由例如根腫菌屬(Plasmodiophora species),例如甘藍根腫菌(Plamodiophora brassicae)造成之根腫疾病;由細菌性病原菌,例如黃單胞菌屬(Xanthomonas species),例如水稻細菌性瘡痂病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.oryzae);假單胞菌屬(Pseudomonas species),例如丁香假單胞菌甜瓜致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans);歐文氏菌屬(Erwinia species),例如解澱粉歐文氏菌(Erwinia amylovora)造成之疾病。 Non-limiting examples of pathogenic bacteria which can be treated according to the invention include: a powdery mildew pathogen, such as a powdery mildew, such as a powdery mildew; an apple white fungus, such as an apple white fungus; a genus Sphaerotheca Species), for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea; a genus of the genus H. cerevisiae; for example, a disease caused by a stalk of a stalk; a pathogen of a rust disease, such as a genus of Pear rust, such as Gymnosporangium sabinae; Hemileia species, such as P. solani; Puccinia, such as Phakopsora and Phakopsora meibomiae; Puccinia, such as Puccinia recondita (Puccinia recondite), P. triticina, P. graminis or P. striiformis; Uromyces species, such as cockroaches A disease caused by Uromyces appendiculatus; a group of pathogenic bacteria from the genus Oomycetes, such as Albugo species, such as Algubo candida; Bremia Species), for example, lettuce Bremia lactucae; Peronospora species, for example, Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae; Phytophthora species, such as Phytophthora infestans (Phytophthora infestans); Plasmopara species, for example, Plasmopara viticola; Pseudoperonospora species, for example, Pseudoperonospora humuli or Cuban fake cream Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Pythium species, for example, a disease caused by Pythium ultimum; from, for example, Alternaria, for example, Altemaria solani; Cercospora Species), for example, Cercospora beticola; Cladiosporium species, for example, Cladiosporium cucumerinum; Cochliobolus species, for example, Helminthosporium (Cochliobolus sativus) (conidia type: Dexterella, total: Helminthosporium), Cochliobolus miyabeanus; Colletotrichum species For example, Colletotrichum lindemuthanium; Cycloconium species, for example, Cycloconium oleaginum; Diaporthe species, for example, Citrus compartment (Diaporthe) Citri); Elsinoe species, for example, Elsinoe fawcettii; Gloeosporium species, for example, Gloeosporium laeticolor; (Glomerella species), for example, Glomerella cingulata; Guignardia species, for example, Guignardia bidwelli; Leptosphaeria species, for example, small spots Leptosphaeria maculans, Leptosphaeria nodorum; Magnaporthe species, such as Magnaporthe grisea; Microdochium species, for example Red rot (Microdochium nivale); Mycosphaerella species, such as Mycosphaerella graminicola, G. glabrata (M.arachidicola) and M. fijiensis; Phaeosphaeria species, such as Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Pyrenophora species, such as nucleus (Pyrenophora teres), Pyrenophora tritici repentis; Ramularia species, such as Ramularia collo-cygni, Ramularia areola Rhynchosporium species, such as Rhynchosporium secalis; Septoria species, such as Septoria apii, Septoria lycopersii Typhula species, such as Typhula incarnata; Venturia species, such as leaf spot and leaf rot caused by Venturia inaequalis; For example, Corticium species, such as Corticium graminearum; Fusarium species, such as Fusarium oxysporum; Gaeumannomyces species, such as the top sac Gaeumannomyces graminis; Rhizoctonia species, such as root and stem diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani; litchi enzymes caused by, for example, Sarocladium oryzae Disease; from, for example, Sclerotium oryzae; Tapesia species, such as Tapesia acuformis; Thielaviopsis species, such as Thielaviopsis basicola A small sclerotium disease caused by, for example, Alternaria, such as Alternaria spp; Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species, such as poplar Cladosporium cladosporioides; Claviceps species, such as Claviceps purpurea; Fusarium species, such as Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species For example, Gibberella zeae; Monographella species, such as Monographella nivalis; Septoria species, for example Spike and panicle disease (including corn cob) caused by Septoria nodorum; smut fungi, such as Sphacelotheca species, such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea ( Sphacelotheca reiliana); Tilletia species, such as Tilletia caries, T. controversa; Urocystis species, such as Urocystis occulta; Ustilago species, such as Ustilago nuda, U. nuda tritici; by, for example, genus Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus flavus; Botrytis species, such as Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium species, such as Penicillium expansum and Penicillium chrysogenum ( P. purpurogenum); Sclerotinia species, such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Verticilium species, such as fruit rot caused by Verticilium alboatrum; For example, Alternaria, for example, from Alternaria brassicicola; Aphanomyces species, for example from Aphanomyces euteiches; Ascochyta species, For example, Ascochyta lentis; Aspergillus species, for example, Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species, for example, Cladosporium herbarum; (Cochliobolus species), for example, from Cochliobolus sativus; (conidia type: Dexterella, Bifidobacterium, synonym: Helminthosporium); Colletotrichum species ), for example, from Colletotrichum coccodes; Fusarium species, for example, Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species, for example, Gibberella zeae; shell Macrophomina species, for example, from Macrophomina phaseolina; Monographella species, for example, from Monochalium nigra Lis); Penicillium species, for example, from Penicillium expansum; Phoma species, for example from Phoma lingam; Phomopsis species From, for example, Phomopsis sojae; Phytophthora species, for example, Phytophthora cactorum; Pyrenophora species, such as Pyrenophora graminea Pyr Pyreriae species, for example, Pyricularia oryzae; Pythium species, for example, Pythium ultimum; Pythium ultimum , for example, Rhizoctonia solani; Rhizopus species, from, for example, Rhizopus oryzae; Sclerotium species, from, for example, Sclerotium rolfsii; Septoria species, for example, from Septoria nodorum; Typhula species, such as Typhula incarnata; Verticillium species By, for example Seeds and soils caused by Verticillium dahliae are rotted, moldy, withered, rot and stumbled; from, for example, Nectria species, such as N. cerevisiae (Nectria galligena) a disease caused by, for example, Monilinia species, such as Monilinia laxa; from, for example, Exobasidium species, such as Exobasidium vexans Caused by leaf edema or leaf tortuous disease; Taphrina species, such as Taphrina deformans; from, for example, Phaemoniella clamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum, and the Mediterranean A degenerative disease of woody plants caused by, for example, Esca disease caused by Fomitiporia mediterranea; a grape blight caused by, for example, Eudypa lata; Ganoderma lucidum disease caused by Ganoderma boninense; a hard bacterium disease caused by, for example, Rigidoporus lignosus; for example, Botrytis Botrytis species), for example, diseases of flowers and seeds caused by Botrytis cinerea; for example, Rhizoctonia species, such as Rhizoctonia solani; Helminthosporium species , for example, a disease of a plant bulb caused by Helminthosporium solani; a clubroot disease caused by, for example, Plasmodiophora species, such as Plamodiophora brassicae; by a bacterial pathogen, for example Xanthomonas species, such as Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae; Pseudomonas species, such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans ); Erwinia species, such as the disease caused by Erwinia amylovora.

植物病原性細菌之實例,特別是於蘋果,香蕉,柑橘,奇異果,甜瓜,桃子,梨子,鳳梨,梨果,石榴,甘藍菜,花椰菜,黃瓜,葫蘆,蕃茄,馬鈴薯,小麥,稻子及大豆等為燕麥嗜酸菌瓜類亞屬(Acidovorax avena subsp.citrulli),榕樹細菌性癌腫病菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens),草莓擬滑刃線蟲(Aphelanchoides fragariae),枯草芽孢桿菌(Bacillus subtilis),伯克氏菌屬(Burkholderia spec.),莢殼伯克氏菌(Burkholderia glumae),黃龍病病菌(Candidatus Liberibacter spec.),蕃茄潰瘍病菌(Clavibacter michiganensis),蕃茄潰瘍病菌蕃茄亞屬(Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis),蕃茄潰瘍病菌鑲嵌曲面亞屬(Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.tessellarius),蕃茄潰瘍病菌馬鈴薯環腐病菌亞屬(Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.Sepedonicus),蕃茄潰瘍病菌白靈側耳亞屬(Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.nebraskensis),伊朗棒狀桿菌(Clavibacter iranicus),麥環腐病菌(Clavibacter tritici),扁闊棒狀桿菌(Corynebacterium fascians),萎蔫棒狀萎蔫桿菌致病變種(Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens pv.flaccumfaciens),密西根棒狀桿菌(Corynebacterium michiganense),密西根小麥棒狀桿菌致病變種(Corynebacterium michiganense pv.tritici),密西根內布拉斯加棒狀桿菌致病變種(Corynebacterium michiganense pv.nebraskense),棒狀桿菌馬鈴薯環腐病菌(Corynebacterium sepedonicum),萎蔫短小桿菌萎蔫 致病變種(Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv.Flaccumfaciens),溶解腸桿菌屬(Enterobacter dissolvens),歐文氏菌亞種(Erwinia subspecies),歐文氏火疫病菌(Erwinia amylovora),歐文氏菌波羅(Erwinia ananas),歐文氏菌軟腐病(Erwinia carotovora),黑腐歐文氏菌軟腐病亞種(Erwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica),亞種歐文氏菌軟腐病(Erwinia carotovora subsp.carotovora),菊歐文氏菌(Erwinia chrysanthemi),菊歐文氏菌玉米致病變種(Erwinia chrysanthemi pv.Zeae),溶解歐文氏菌(Erwinia dissolvens),草生歐文氏菌(Erwinia herbicola),土大黃苷歐文氏菌(Erwinia herbicola),斜磷錳礦歐文氏菌(Erwinia stewartiii),維管植物歐文氏菌(Erwinia tracheiphila),噬夏孢歐文氏菌(Erwinia uredovora),成團泛生菌(Pantoea agglomerans),軟腐果膠桿菌(Pectobacterium carotovorum),胡蘿蔔軟腐果膠桿菌黑腐亞種(Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.atrosepticum),胡蘿蔔軟腐果膠桿菌胡蘿蔔亞種(Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.carotovorum),軟腐果膠桿菌(Pectobacterium chrysanthemi),鬚芒草假單胞菌(Pseudomonas andropogonis),燕麥假單胞菌燕麥亞種(Pseudomonas avenae subsp.avenae),皺紋假單胞菌(Pseudomonas corrugata),螢光假單胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens),莢殼假單胞菌(Pseudomonas glumae),水稻葉鞘褐腐假單胞菌(Pseudomonas fuscovaginae),邊緣假單胞菌(Pseudomonas marginalis),邊緣假單胞菌邊緣致病變種(Pseudomonas marginalis pv.marginalis),類產鹼假單胞菌(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes),類產鹼假單胞菌瓜類亞種(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp.citrulli),茄假單胞菌(Pseudomonas solanacearum),丁香假單胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae),丁香假單胞菌番茄致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidae),丁香假單胞菌致黑致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.atrofaciens),丁香假單胞菌暈斑致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.coronafaciens),丁香假單胞菌大豆致病變種 (Pseudomonas syringae pv.glycinea),丁香假單胞菌黃瓜致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.Lachrymans),丁香假單胞菌斑點致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.maculicola),丁香假單胞菌條紋致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.striafaciens),丁香假單胞菌丁香致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae)[亦危害奇異果],丁香假單胞菌蕃茄致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.Tomato),丁香假單胞菌菸草致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci),茄假單胞桿菌(Ralstonia solanacearum),小麥拉氏桿菌(Rathayibacter tritici),間質性紅球菌(Rhodococcus fascians),孔氏螺原體(Spiroplasma kunkelii),鏈黴菌屬(Streptomyces spp.),瘡痂病鏈黴菌(Streptomyces scabiei),瘡痂病鏈黴菌(Streptomyces scabies),酸性疥瘡鏈黴菌(Streptomyces acidiscabies),膨脹型疥瘡鏈黴菌(Streptomyces turgidiscabies),黃單胞菌屬(Xanthomonas spp.),柑橘黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis),柑橘黃單胞菌柑橘致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri),柑橘黃單胞菌大豆致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.glycines),野油菜黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris),野油菜黃單胞菌蘿蔔致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.armoraciae),野油菜黃單胞菌枳橙致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.citrumelo),野油菜黃單胞菌柑橘致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.citri),野油菜黃單胞菌大豆致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.glycines),野油菜黃單胞菌高粱致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.Holcicola),野油菜黃單胞菌錦葵致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.Malvacearum),野油菜黃單胞菌香蕉致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.musacearum),野油菜黃單胞菌桃李致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.pruni),野油菜黃單胞菌葫蘆科致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.cucurbitae),野油菜黃單胞菌蝥致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria),野油菜黃單胞菌小麥致病變種 (Xanthomonas campestris pv.translucens),野油菜黃單胞菌水稻致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.Oryzae),草莓黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas fragariae),水稻黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas oryzae),水稻黃單胞菌水稻致病變種(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae),水稻黃單胞菌條斑致病變種(Xanthomonas oryzae pv.Oryzicola),半透明黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas translucens),半透明黃單胞菌半透明致病變種(Xanthomonas translucens pv.Translucens),葉緣焦枯菌(Xylella fastidiosa),燕麥嗜酸菌(Acidovorax avenae),伯克氏菌屬(Burkholderia spec.),莢殼伯克氏菌(Burkholderia glumae),韌皮部桿菌種(Candidatus Liberibacter spec.),棒狀桿菌(Corynebacterium),歐文氏菌(Erwinia spec.),丁香假單胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae),丁香假單胞菌奇異果致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidae),丁香假單胞菌大豆致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.glycinea),丁香假單胞菌蕃茄致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato),丁香假單胞菌黃瓜致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans),鏈黴菌屬(Streptomyces spp.),黃單胞菌屬(Xanthomonas spp.),地毯草黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis),地毯草黃單胞菌柑橘致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri),地毯草黃單胞菌大豆致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.glycines),野油菜黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris),野油菜黃單胞菌香蕉致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.musacearum),野油菜黃單胞菌李子致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.pruni),草莓黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas fragariae)及半透明黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas transluscens)。 Examples of phytopathogenic bacteria, especially apples, bananas, citrus, kiwi, melon, peach, pear, pineapple, pear, pomegranate, kale, broccoli, cucumber, gourd, tomato, potato, wheat, rice and soybean It is a subfamily of Acidovorax avena subsp.citrulli, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Aphelanchoides fragariae, Bacillus subtilis, Burkholderia (Burkholderia spec.), Burkholderia glumae, Candidatus Liberibacter spec., Clavibacter michiganensis, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. tessellarius, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Sepedonicus, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, Iranian rod Clavibacter iranicus ), Clavibacter tritici, Corynebacterium fascians, Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, Corynebacterium michiganense, Michigan wheat Corynebacterium michiganense pv.tritici, Corynebacterium michiganense pv.nebraskense, Corynebacterium sepedonicum, Brachypodium wilfordii Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv.Flaccumfaciens, Enterobacter dissolvens, Erwinia subspecies, Erwinia amylovora, Erwinia ananas , Erwinia carotovora, Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Erwinia chrysanthemi ), Erwinia cerevisiae corn-derived species (Erwinia) Chrysanthemi pv.Zeae), Erwinia dissolvens, Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia stewartiii, vascular plant Owen Erwinia tracheiphila, Erwinia uredovora, Pantoea agglomerans, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp .atrosepticum), Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, Pectobacterium chrysanthemi, Pseudomonas andropogonis, Pseudomonas oats (Pseudomonas) Avenae subsp.avenae), Pseudomonas corrugata, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas glumae, Pseudomonas fuscovaginae , Pseudomonas marginalis, Pseudomonas striata marginal pathogen (Pseu Domonas marginalis pv.marginalis), Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp.citrulli, Pseudomonas solanacearum, clove pseudony Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens, Pseudomonas syringae Pathogenic species (Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens), Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans, Pseudomonas syringae Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola, Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae [also harms kiwifruit] ], Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato, Pseudomonas syringae (Pseudomona) s syringae pv.tabaci), Ralstonia solanacearum, Rathayibacter tritici, Rhodococcus fascians, Spiroplasma kunkelii, Streptomyces Streptomyces spp.), Streptomyces scabiei, Streptomyces scabies, Streptomyces acidiscabies, Streptomyces turgidiscabies, Xanthomonas spp .), Xanthomonas axonopodis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, wild rapeseed yellow Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae, Xanthomonas campestris pv.citrumelo, wild rapeseed yellow cell Xanthomonas campestris pv.citri, Xanthomonas campestris pv.g Lycines), Xanthomonas campestris pv. Holcicola, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Malvacearum, Xanthomonas campestris (Xanthomonas campestris pv.musacearum), Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni, Xanthomonas campestris pv. cucurbitae, wild rapeseed yellow cell Xanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria, Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae, strawberry Xanthomonas fragariae, Xanthomonas oryzae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv .Oryzicola), Xanthomonas translucens, translucent Xanthomonas translucens pv. Translucen s), Xylella fastidiosa, Acidovorax avenae, Burkholderia spec., Burkholderia glumae, Candidatus Liberibacter spec .), Corynebacterium, Erwinia spec., Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae, cloves Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, Streptomyces Genus (Streptomyces spp.), Xanthomonas spp., Xanthomonas axonopodis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri, carpet grass yellow Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas campestris pv.mu Sacearum), Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni, Xanthomonas fragariae and Xanthomonas transluscens.

下列細菌性有害生物可以優先控制:燕麥嗜酸菌(Acidovorax avenae),伯克氏菌屬(Burkholderia spec.),莢殼伯克氏菌(Burkholderia glumae),柑橘黃龍病菌(Candidatus Liberibacter spec.),棒狀桿菌(Corynebacterium),歐文氏菌(Erwinia spec.),解澱粉歐文氏菌 (Erwinia amylovora),胡蘿蔔軟腐歐文氏菌(Erwinia carotovora),胡蘿蔔軟腐歐文氏菌黑腐亞種(Erwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica),胡蘿蔔軟腐歐文氏菌軟腐亞種(Erwinia carotovora subsp.carotovora),菊歐文氏菌(Erwinia chrysanthemi),菊歐文氏菌玉米致病變種(Erwinia chrysanthemi pv.zeae),草生歐文氏菌(Erwinia herbicola),斯式歐文氏菌(Erwinia stewartiii),噬夏孢歐文氏菌(Erwinia uredovora),丁香假單胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae),丁香假單胞菌藤梨根致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidae),丁香假單胞菌大豆致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.glycinea),丁香假單胞菌蕃茄致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato),丁香假單胞菌黃瓜致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans),鏈黴菌屬(Streptompces spp.),黃單胞菌屬(Xanthomonas spp.),地毯草黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis),地毯草黃單胞菌柑橘致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri),地毯草黃單胞菌大豆致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.glycines),野油菜黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris),野油菜黃單胞菌香蕉致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.musacearum),野油菜黃單胞菌桃李致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.pruni,Xanthomonas fragariae),草莓黃單胞菌及半透明黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas transluscens)。 The following bacterial pests can be preferentially controlled: Acidovorax avenae, Burkholderia spec., Burkholderia glumae, Candidatus Liberibacter spec. Corynebacterium, Erwinia spec., Erwinia amylovora, Erwinia carotovora, Erwinia carotovora subsp. Atroseptica), Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Erwinia chrysanthemi pv.zeae, Erwinia Herbicola), Erwinia stewartiii, Erwinia uredovora, Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. Actinidae), Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, Pseudomonas syringae tomato (Pseudomo) Nas syringae pv.tomato), Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, Streptompces spp., Xanthomonas spp., Xanthomonas rugosa (Xanthomonas axonopodis), Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, Xanthomonas campestris ), Xanthomonas campestris pv.musacearum, Xanthomonas campestris pv.pruni, Xanthomonas fragariae, Xanthomonas oryzae and translucent yellow Xanthomonas transluscens.

下列細菌性有害生物可在下列作物中得到良好控制:於水稻之燕麥嗜酸菌及/或莢殼伯克氏菌,於柑橘之柑橘黃龍病菌及/或地毯草黃單胞菌柑橘致病變種,於奇異果之丁香假單胞菌奇異果致病變種,於桃子之野油菜黃單胞菌及/或野油菜黃單胞菌桃李致病變種,於大豆之丁香假單胞菌大豆致病變種及/或地毯草黃單胞菌大豆致病變種,於穀類之伯克氏菌屬及/或小麥黃單胞菌,於蕃茄之丁香假單胞菌,丁香假單胞菌蕃茄致病變種及/或野油菜黃單胞菌,於黃瓜丁香假單胞菌及/或丁香假單胞菌黃瓜致病變種,於馬鈴薯之黑 腐歐文氏菌,胡蘿蔔軟腐歐文氏菌及/或瘡痂病鏈黴菌。 The following bacterial pests can be well controlled in the following crops: oatophilic acidophilus and/or Burkholderia capsulatum in rice, citrus medicinal citrus and/or Phytophthora sinensis citrus , the genus Pseudomonas syringae caused by kiwifruit, the pathogen of Xanthomonas campestris and/or Xanthomonas campestris Peach, caused by Pseudomonas syringae in soybean Variants and/or Phytophthora sojae soybean pathogenic species, Bacillus genus and/or Xanthomonas oryzae in cereals, Pseudomonas syringae in tomato, Pseudomonas syringae pv. And/or Xanthomonas campestris, in the pathogen of Pseudomonas syringae and/or Pseudomonas syringae, in the black rot of the potato, the Erwinia carotovora and/or the scab chain Mold.

下列大豆疾病可較佳控制:由下列於葉片,莖,莢及種子所造成的真菌性疾病,例如,黑斑病(Alternaria leaf spot)(細極鏈格孢(Alternaria spec.atrans tenuissima)),炭疽病(Anthracnose)(盤長孢狀刺盤孢束狀變種(Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var.truncatum)),褐斑病(brown spot)(大豆殼針孢(Septoria glycines)),角斑病(cercospora leaf spot)及枯萎病(blight)(菊池尾孢(Cercospora kikuchii)),開黴葉枯病(choanephora leaf blight)(漏斗開黴(Choanephora infundibulifera trispora)(同義詞(syn))),斑節葉斑病(dactuliophora leaf spot)(大豆斑節菌(Dactuliophora glycines)),霜黴病(downy mildew)(東北霜黴(Peronospora manshurica)),長蠕孢枯萎病(drechslera blight)(大豆長蠕孢菌(Drechslera glycini)),灰斑病(frogeye leaf spot)(大豆尾孢(Cercospora sojina)),小光殼葉斑病(leptosphaerulina leaf spot)(三葉草小光殼(Leptosphaerulina trifolii)),葉點黴葉斑病(phyllostica leaf spot)(大豆生葉點黴(Phyllosticta sojaecola)),莢果及莖枯萎病(pod and stem blight)(大豆擬莖點黴(Phomopsis sojae)),白粉病(powdery mildew)(大豆白粉病菌(Microsphaera diffusa)),棘殼孢葉斑病(pyrenochaeta leaf spot)(大豆棘殼孢(Pyrenochaeta glycines)),漂浮絲核菌(rhizoctonia aerial),葉子,及網絡枯萎病(立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)),腐鏽(豆薯層銹菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi),山馬蝗層銹菌(Phakopsora meibomiae)),瘡痂(大豆痂圓孢(Sphaceloma glycines)),葡柄黴葉枯萎病(stemphylium leaf blight)(葡柄黴(Stemphylium botryosum)),圓盾斑點病(target spot)(山扁豆生棒孢(Corynespora cassiicola))。 The following soybean diseases are preferably controlled by the following fungal diseases caused by leaves, stems, pods and seeds, for example, Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spec. atrans tenuissima), Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var. truncatum), brown spot (Septoria glycines), cercospora leaf Spot) and blight (Cercospora kikuchii), choanephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibulifera trispora (syn)), spotted leaf spot (dactuliophora glycines), downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica), drechslera blight (Drechslera) Glycine)), frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), leptosphaerulina leaf spot (Leptosphaerulina trifolii), leaf spot leaf spot (phyllostica leaf sp Ot) (Phyllosticta sojaecola), pod and stem blight (Phomopsis sojae), powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa) ), pyrenochaeta leaf spot (Pyrenochaeta glycines), rhizoctonia aerial, leaves, and network blight (Rhizoctonia solani) , rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phakopsora meibomiae), scab (Sphaceloma glycines), stemphylium leaf blight (stemphylium leaf blight) Stemphylium botryosum, a target spot (Corynespora cassiicola).

於根及莖基部所造成的真菌性疾病,例如,黑根腐病(black root rot)(野百合麗赤殼菌(Calonectria crotalariae)),炭腐病(charcoal rot)(菜豆殼球孢菌(Macrophomina phaseolina)),鐮刀菌萎蔫病(fusarium blight) 或枯萎,根腐病,及莢果和頸腐病(尖孢鐮刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),豌豆直喙鐮孢(Fusarium orthoceras),半裸鐮孢(Fusarium semitectum),木賊鐮孢(Fusarium equiseti)),根腐壞死病(mycoleptodiscus root rot)(大豆褐紅壞死菌(Mycoleptodiscus terrestris)),新赤殼屬(neocosmospora)(侵菅新赤殼(Neocosmospora vasinfecta)),莢果及莖枯萎病(菜豆間座殼(Diaporthe phaseolorum)),莖潰瘍病(stem canker)(菜豆間座殼大豆變種(Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora)),疫黴腐病(phytophthora rot)(大雄疫黴(Phytophthora megasperma)),褐莖腐病(brown stem rot)(大豆褐莖腐病菌(Phialophora gregata)),腐黴腐病(pythium rot)(瓜果腐黴(Pythium aphanidermatum),畸雌腐黴(Pythium irregulare),德巴厘腐黴(Pythium debaryanum),群結腐黴(Pythium myriotylum),終極腐黴(Pythium ultimum)),絲核菌屬根腐病(rhizoctonia root rot),莖腐病(stem decay),及猝倒病(damping-off)(立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)),核盤黴屬莖腐病(sclerotinia stem decay)(核盤菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)),核盤黴屬斑點葉枯病(sclerotinia southern blight)(小核菌(Sclerotinia rolfsii)),根串珠黴屬根腐病(thielaviopsis root rot)(根串球黴(Thielaviopsis basicola))。 Fungal diseases caused by roots and stem bases, for example, black root rot (Calonectria crotalariae), charcoal rot (C. sphaeroides) Macrophomina phaseolina)), Fusarium blight or withering, root rot, and pod and neck rot (Fusarium oxysporum), Fusarium orthoceras, semi-naked Fusarium Fusarium semitectum), Fusarium equiseti, mycoleptodiscus root rot (Mycoleptodiscus terrestris), neocosmospora (Neocosmospora vasinfecta) )), pod and stem wilt (Diaporthe phaseolorum), stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora), phytophthora rot (Phytophthora megasperma), brown stem rot (Phialophora gregata), pythium rot (Pythium aphanidermatum), teratogenic Pythium ii Rregulare), Pythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum, rhizoctonia root rot, stem decay , and damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), sclerotinia stem decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sclerotinia Sclerotinia southern blight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), thielaviopsis root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola).

本發明殺真菌混合物或組成物可用來治療性或保護性/預防性控制植物病原性真菌。本發明因此亦關於藉由使用本發明混合物或組成物以控制植物病原性真菌的治療性及保護性方法,施用至種子,植物或植物部份,果實或植物生長之土壤。 The fungicidal mixtures or compositions of the invention can be used to treat phytopathogenic fungi in a therapeutic or protective/prophylactic manner. The invention therefore also relates to a soil for the growth of seeds, plants or plant parts, fruits or plants by means of a therapeutic and protective method for controlling phytopathogenic fungi using the mixtures or compositions of the invention.

植物可耐受混合物或組成物用來控制植物疾病之濃度的事實允許處理植物地上部份,繁殖莖幹及種子,及土壤。 The fact that plant tolerant mixtures or compositions are used to control the concentration of plant diseases allows for the treatment of aerial parts of plants, propagation of stems and seeds, and soil.

植物  Plant  

根據本發明,可處理所有植物及植物部份。植物係指所有植物及植物群,如想要及所不要之野生植物,栽培品種及植物品種(無論是否由植物品種或植物培育者權限所保護)。栽培品種及植 物品種可為藉由習用繁殖及培育法得到的,其可輔助或增補以一個或多個生物技術方法,如藉由使用雙單倍體,原生質體融合,隨機及向誘變,分子或遺傳標記或藉由生物工程及基因工程法。植物部份係指所有地上部份及地下部份及植物器官,如芽,葉片,花及根,可列出者為,例如葉片,針葉,莖,桿,花,果實體,果實及種子以及根,球莖及根莖。作物及生長性及生殖性繁殖物質,例如切枝,球莖,根莖,匍匐莖及種子亦屬於植物部份。 According to the invention, all plants and plant parts can be treated. Plant refers to all plants and flora, such as wild plants, cultivars and plant varieties (whether or not protected by plant variety or plant breeder authority). Cultivars and plant varieties can be obtained by conventional breeding and breeding methods, which can be supplemented or supplemented by one or more biotechnological methods, such as by using double haploids, protoplast fusion, randomization and mutagenesis, Molecular or genetic markers or by bioengineering and genetic engineering methods. Plant parts are all above-ground and underground parts and plant organs such as buds, leaves, flowers and roots, which may be listed, for example, leaves, needles, stems, rods, flowers, fruit bodies, fruits and seeds. And roots, bulbs and rhizomes. Crops and growth and reproductive reproductive material, such as cut branches, bulbs, rhizomes, stolons and seeds, also belong to the plant part.

本發明組合物或組成物,當植物對其等有很好的耐受性,具有良好的溫血動物毒性且對環境有良好的耐受性,係適用來保護植物及植物器官,以增加採收量,改進採收物質之品質。其等宜用作為作物保護組成物。其等於對抗一般敏感性及抗藥性物種且對抗所有或某些發展期具有活性。 The composition or composition of the invention, when the plant is well tolerated, has good warm-blooded animal toxicity and is well tolerated to the environment, is suitable for protecting plants and plant organs to increase mining. Revenue, improve the quality of harvested materials. It is preferably used as a crop protection composition. It is equivalent to combating general susceptibility and drug resistance species and is active against all or some developmental stages.

可根據本發明處理之植物包含下列主要作物植物:玉米,大豆,紫花苜蓿,棉,向日葵,甘藍油種子(Brassica oil seeds)如甘藍型油菜(Brassica napus)(如油菜,油菜籽),白菜型油菜(Brassica rapa),芥菜(B.juncea)(如油菜花)及伊索比亞芥(Brassica carinata),棕櫚科(Arecaceae sp.)(如油棕,椰子),稻子,小麥,糖用甜菜,甘蔗,燕麥,裸麥,大麥,粟及高粱,小黑麥,亞麻,堅果,葡萄及藤蔓及各種果實及來自各植物之蔬菜,如薔薇科(Rosaceae sp.)(如梨果果實如蘋果及梨,但亦可為核果如杏子,櫻桃,杏仁,桃李及桃子,及漿果果實如草莓,覆盆子,紅色和黑色醋栗及鵝莓),茶薦子科(Ribesioidae sp.),胡桃科(Juglandaceae sp.),樺木科(Betulaceae sp.),漆樹科(Anacardiaceae sp.),殼鬥科(Fagaceae sp.),桑科(Moraceae sp.),木犀科(Oleaceae sp.)(如橄欖樹),獼猴桃科(Actinidaceae sp.),樟科(Lauraceae sp.)(如鱷梨,肉桂,樟樹),芭蕉科(Musaceae sp.)(如香蕉樹及種植園),茜草科(Rubiaceae sp.)(如咖啡),山茶科(Theaceae sp.)(如茶),梧桐科 (Sterculiceae sp.),芸香科(Rutaceae sp.(如檸檬,橘子,柑及柚子);茄科(Solanaceae sp.)(如蕃茄,馬鈴薯,胡椒,番椒,茄子,菸草),百合科(Liliaceae sp.),菊科(Compositae sp.)(如萵苣,洋薊及菊苣-包含菊苣根,苦苣或常見菊苣),繖形科(Umbelliferae sp.)(如紅蘿蔔,歐芹,芹菜及塊根芹菜),葫蘆科(Cucurbitaceae sp.)(如黃瓜-包含小黃瓜,南瓜,西瓜,葫蘆及瓜類),蔥科(Alliaceae sp.)(如韭菜及洋蔥),十字花科(Cruciferae sp.)(如白球甘藍,紅球甘藍,青花菜,花椰菜,球芽甘藍,小白菜,大頭菜,白蘿蔔,辣根,水芹及中國白菜),豆科(Leguminosae sp.)(如花生,豌豆,扁豆及豆子-如一般豆子及蠶豆),藜科(Chenopodiaceae sp.)(如瑞士甜菜,飼料甜菜,菠菜,紅菜頭),亞麻科(Linaceae sp.)(如亞麻),大麻科(Cannabeacea sp.)(如大麻),錦葵科(Malvaceae sp.)(如秋葵,可哥),罌粟科(Papaveraceae)(如罌粟),天門冬(Asparagaceae)(如蘆筍);菜園及森林中之有用的植物及觀賞植物植物,包含草皮,草坪,牧草及甜葉菊;及於每一情況中為這些植物之基因改質型式。 Plants which can be treated according to the invention comprise the following main crop plants: corn, soybean, alfalfa, cotton, sunflower, Brassica oil seeds such as Brassica napus (eg, rapeseed, rapeseed), cabbage type Brassica rapa, Brassica (B.juncea) (such as rapeseed) and Isobia mustard (Brassica carinata), Palmaceae (Arecaceae sp.) (such as oil palm, coconut), rice, wheat, sugar beet , sugar cane, oats, rye, barley, millet and sorghum, rye, flax, nuts, grapes and vines and various fruits and vegetables from various plants, such as Rosaceae sp. (such as pear fruit such as apple And pears, but also can be stone fruit such as apricots, cherries, almonds, peaches and peaches, and berry fruits such as strawberries, raspberries, red and black gooseberries and gooseberries, Ribesioidae sp., walnuts (Juglandaceae sp.), Betulaceae sp., Anacardiaceae sp., Fagaceae sp., Moraceae sp., Oleaceae sp. ), Actinidaceae sp., Lauraceae sp. Such as avocado, cinnamon, eucalyptus), Musaceae sp. (such as banana trees and plantations), Rubiaceae sp. (such as coffee), Camellia (Theaceae sp.) (such as tea), Wutong Sterculiceae sp., Rutaceae sp. (such as lemon, orange, mandarin and grapefruit); Solanaceae sp. (such as tomato, potato, pepper, bell pepper, eggplant, tobacco), Liliaceae ( Liliaceae sp.), Compositae sp. (eg lettuce, artichoke and chicory - containing chicory root, chicory or common chicory), Umbelliferae sp. (eg carrot, parsley, celery and Root celery), Cucurbitaceae sp. (such as cucumber - containing cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, gourd and melon), Alliaceae sp. (such as amaranth and onion), Cruciferae sp. ) (such as white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Chinese cabbage, kohlrabi, white radish, horseradish, cress and Chinese cabbage), Leguminosae sp. (such as peanuts, peas, Lentils and beans - such as common beans and broad beans), Chenopodiaceae sp. (such as Swiss beets, fodder beets, spinach, red Head), Linaceae sp. (such as flax), Cannabeacea sp. (such as cannabis), Malvaceae sp. (such as okra, Kog), Papaveraceae (Papaveraceae) ( Such as opium poppy, Asparagaceae (such as asparagus); useful plant and ornamental plants in vegetable gardens and forests, including turf, lawn, pasture and stevia; and in each case genetic modification of these plants Type.

大豆為特別佳之植物。 Soy is a particularly good plant.

特別的,根據本發明之混合物及組成物適用於控制下列植物疾病:白銹菌屬(白銹病)-於觀賞植物植物,蔬菜作物(如白銹菌)及向日葵(如婆羅門蔘白銹菌(A.tragopogonis));鏈格孢菌屬(黑斑病,黑斑)-於蔬菜,油菜(如大刀鏈格孢菌(A.brassicola)或大孢芸苔鏈格孢(A.brassicae)),糖用甜菜(如細極鏈格孢(A.tenuis)),果實,稻子,大豆以及-於馬鈴薯(如馬鈴薯疫病菌(A.solani)或鏈格孢(A.alternata))及蕃茄(如馬鈴薯疫病菌或鏈格孢)及交鏈孢屬(Alternaria spp.)(黑頭)-於小麥;絲囊黴屬(Aphanomyces spp.)-於糖用甜菜及蔬菜;殼二孢屬(Ascochyta spp.)-於穀物及蔬菜,如小麥殼二孢(A.tritici)(殼二孢葉枯 病)-於小麥及大麥殼二孢(A.hordei)-於大麥;臍蠕(Bipolaris)及德斯黴菌屬(Drechslera spp.)(有性世代:旋孢腔菌屬(Cochliobolus spp.)),如葉斑病(德斯黴菌玉米小斑(D.maydis)及玉米斑離蠕孢(B.zeicola))-於玉米,如穎枯病(麥根腐離蠕孢(B.sorokiniana))-於穀物及如胡麻葉枯菌(B.oryzae)-於稻子及-於草坪;白粉病菌(Blumeria)(舊名:Erysiphe)白粉菌(graminis)(白粉病)-於穀物(如小麥或大麥);葡萄座腔菌屬(‘Slack Dead Arm Disease’)-於葡萄(如鈍葡萄座腔菌(B.obtusa));灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)(有性型:富氏葡萄孢盤菌(Botryotinia fuckeliana):灰黴病,灰腐病)-於漿果及仁果(尤其是草莓),蔬菜(尤其是萵苣,紅蘿蔔,塊根芹菜及捲心菜),油菜,花卉,葡萄藤,森林作物及小麥(穗黴病(ear mold));萵苣盤梗(Bremia lactucae)(霜黴病)-於萵苣;長喙殼屬(Ceratocystis)(同義詞,Ophiostoma)(藍斑黴)-於落葉樹木及針葉樹木,如榆梢枯長喙黴(C.ulmi)(荷蘭榆樹疾病)-於榆樹;尾孢屬(Cercospora spp.)(褐斑病)-於玉米(如玉米灰斑病菌(C.zeae-maydis)),稻子,糖用甜菜(如菾菜生尾孢(C.beticola)),甘蔗,蔬菜,咖啡,大豆(如大豆尾孢(C.sojina)或菊池尾孢(C.kikuchil))及稻子;枝孢屬(Cladosporium spp.)-於蕃茄(如黃枝孢(C.fulvum):蕃茄葉黴病)及穀類,如多主枝孢(C.herbarum)(穗腐病)-於小麥;麥角菌(Claviceps purpurea)(麥角病)-於穀類;旋孢腔菌屬(Cochliobolus spp.)(無性型:長蠕孢屬(Helminthosporium)或雙極黴屬(Bipolaris))(葉斑病)-於玉米(如煤懸孢腔菌屬(C.carbonum)),穀物(如禾旋孢腔菌(C.sativus),無性型:麥根腐蠕孢(B.sorokiniana):穎枯病)及稻子(例如宮部懸孢腔菌(C.miyabeanus),無性型:水稻卷角黴(H.oryzae));炭疽菌屬(Colletotrichum spp.)(有性型:小叢殼屬(Glomerella))(炭疽病)-於棉(如棉刺盤孢(C.gossypii)),玉米(如禾生刺盤孢(C.graminicola):莖腐病及炭疽病),漿果,馬鈴薯(如馬鈴薯炭疽菌(C.coccodes):枯萎病), 豆子(如豆刺盤孢(C.lindemuthianum))及大豆(如平頭刺盤孢(C.truncatum));伏革菌屬(Corticium spp.),如佐佐木伏革菌(C.sasakii)(紋枯病)-於稻子;山扁豆生棒孢(Corynespora cassiicola)(葉斑病)-於大豆及觀賞植物;環錐病菌屬(Cycloconium spp.),如油橄欖環錐病菌(C.oleaginum)於橄欖;柱孢屬(Cylindrocarpon spp.)(如果樹癌或葡萄藤黑足病,有性型:叢赤殼屬(Nectria)或新叢赤殼屬(Neonectria spp.))-於果樹,葡萄藤(如鵝掌揪柱孢(C.liriodendn);有性型:鵝掌揪新叢赤殼(Neonectria liriodendra),黑腳病)及許多觀賞植物樹木;白紋羽菌(Dematophora)(有性型:座堅殼屬(Rosellinia))(根/莖腐病)-於大豆;間座殼屬(Diaporthe spp.),如菜豆間座殼(D.phaseolorum)(莖疾病)-於大豆;長蠕孢屬(Drechslera spp.)(同義詞,Helminthosporium,有性型:核腔菌屬(Pyrenophora))-於玉米,穀類,如大麥(如圓核腔菌(D.teres),網斑病)及-於小麥(如小麥德氏黴(D.tritici-repentis):DTR葉斑病),稻子及草坪;埃斯卡病(葡萄藤之枯死病,中風)-於葡萄藤,由層臥孔菌(Formitiporia punctata)(同義詞,木層孔菌屬(Phellinus)),地中海層臥孔菌(F mediterranea)造成。褐念珠串菌(Phaeomoniella chlamydospora)(舊名為葡萄厚膜孢菌(Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum)),青黴懸鈴木菌(Phaeoacremonium aleophilum)及/或鈍葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria obtusa);痂囊腔菌屬(Elsinoe spp.)-於梨果(梨痂囊腔菌(E.Pyri))及漿果(梧桐痂囊腔菌(E.Veneta):炭疽病)以及葡萄藤(痂囊腔菌(E.ampelina):炭疽病);稻葉黑粉菌(Entyloma oryzae)(稻葉黑粉病)-於稻子;附球菌屬(Epicoccum spp.)(黑頭病)-於小麥;白粉菌屬(Erysiphe spp)(白粉病)-於糖用甜菜(甜菜白粉菌(E.betae)),蔬菜(如豌豆白粉菌(E.pisi)),如黃瓜種類(如二孢白粉菌(E.cichoracearum))及捲心菜種類,如油菜(如十字花科白粉菌(E.cruciferarum));葡萄彎孢殼(Eutypa fata)(彎孢殼鹽癌或枯死,無性型:拉塔殼囊孢(Cytosporina lata),同義詞, 赭蟲紫利貝泰拉菌(Libertella blepharis)-於果樹,葡萄藤及諸多觀賞植物樹木;玉米大斑(Exserohilum)(同義詞,長蠕孢屬(Helminthosporium))屬-於玉米(如玉米大斑病菌(E.turcicum));鐮孢屬(Fusarium spp.)(有性型:赤黴屬(Gibberella))(枯萎疾病,根及莖腐病)-於多種植物,如禾本科鐮孢(F.Graminearum)或大刀鐮孢(F.Culmorum)(根腐病及銀頂病)-於穀物(如小麥或大麥),金黃尖鐮孢(F.Oxysporum)-於蕃茄,腐皮鐮孢(F.solani)-於大豆及尖孢鐮孢(F.verticillioides)-於玉米;禾頂囊殼(Gaeumannomyces graminis)(麥類全蝕病)-於穀物(如小麥或大麥)及玉米;赤黴屬(Gibberella spp.)-於穀物(如玉蜀黍赤黴(G.Zeae))及稻子(如藤倉赤黴(G.Fujikuroi):惡苗病);圍小叢殼(Glomerella cingulata)-於葡萄,蘋果類果實及其他植物及棉小叢殼(G.Gossypii)-於棉;顆粒染色複合物(grainstaining complex)-於稻子;葡萄球座菌(Guignardia bidwellii)(黑腐病)-於葡萄藤;膠銹菌屬屬(Gymnosporangium spp.)-於薔薇科及杜松,如梨膠銹菌(G.sabinae)(梨銹病)-於梨;長蠕孢屬(Helminthosporium spp.)(同義詞,德斯黴菌屬(Drechslera),有性型:旋孢腔菌屬(Cochliobolus))-於玉米,穀物及稻子;駝孢銹菌屬(Hemileia spp.),如咖啡駝孢銹菌(H.vastatrix)(咖啡葉銹病)-於咖啡;褐斑擬棒束孢(Isariopsis clavispora)(同義詞,Cladosporium vitis)-於葡萄藤;菜豆殼球孢(Macrophomina phaseolina)(同義詞,菜豆蛋白(phaseoli))(根/莖腐病)-於大豆及棉;紅色雪腐病菌(共,鐮孢屬)(粉紅色雪黴)-於穀物(如小麥或大麥);大豆叉絲殼(Microsphaera diffusa)(白粉病)-於大豆;鏈核盤菌屬(Monilinia spp.),如核果鏈核盤菌(M.laxa.M.fiucticola)及果生鏈核盤菌(M.fructigena)(花及枝枯萎病)-於核果及其他薔薇科;球腔菌屬(Mycosphaerella spp.)-於穀類,香蕉,漿果及花生,如禾生球腔菌(M.graminicola)(無性型:小麥殼針孢(Septoria tritici),殼針孢葉斑病)-於小麥或香蕉球腔菌(M. fijiensis)(葉斑病)-於香蕉;霜黴屬(Peronospora spp.)(霜黴病)-於捲心菜(如蕓苔霜黴(P.brassicae)),油菜(如寄生霜黴(P.parasitica)),球根植物(如洋蔥霜黴(P.destructor)),菸草(菸草霜黴(P.tabacina))及大豆(如東北霜黴(P.manshurica));豆薯層銹菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi)及山螞蝗霜黴(P.meibomiae)(大豆銹病(soybean rust))-於大豆;瓶黴屬(Phialophora spp.),如於葡萄藤(如黃瓜薦尾瓶黴(P.tracheiphila)及四孢瓶黴(P.tetraspora))及大豆(如大豆瓶黴(P.gregata):莖疾病);黑脛莖點黴(Phoma lingam)(根及莖腐病)-於油菜及捲心菜及菾菜莖點黴(葉斑病)-於糖用甜菜;擬莖點黴屬(Phomopsis spp.)-於向日葵,葡萄藤(如葡萄擬莖點黴(P.viticola):葡萄潰瘍)及大豆(如潰瘍/莖枯萎病:菜豆擬莖點黴(P.phaseoli),有性型:菜豆間座殼(Diaporthe phaseolorum));玉蜀黍節壺菌(Physoderma maydis)(褐斑病)-於玉米;疫黴屬(Phytophthora spp.)(枯萎病,根,葉片,莖及果實腐爛)-於諸多植物,如-於甜椒及黃瓜種類(如辣椒疫黴(P.capsici)),大豆(如大雄疫黴(P.megasperma),同義詞,大豆疫黴(P.Sojae)),馬鈴薯及蕃茄(如致病疫黴(P.infestans.),晚疫病及褐腐病)及落葉喬木(如橡樹疫黴(P.ramorum),橡樹猝死病);蕓苔根腫菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae)(根腫病)-於捲心菜,油菜,蘿蔔及其他植物;單軸黴屬(Plasmopara spp.),如葡萄生單軸黴(P.viticola)(葡萄藤之霜黴屬,霜黴病)-於葡萄藤及霍爾斯單軸黴(P.halstedii)-於向日葵;叉絲單囊殼屬(Podosphaera spp.)(白粉病)-於薔薇科,啤酒花,仁果及漿果,如白叉絲單囊殼(P.leucotricha)-於蘋果;多黏黴屬(Polymyxa spp.),如-於穀類,如大麥及小麥(多黏黴(P.graminis))及糖用甜菜(菾菜多黏黴(P.betae))及由其所傳介之病毒疾病;小麥眼斑病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides)(眼斑病/莖斷裂,有性型:眼斑病真菌(Tapesia yallundae))-於穀類。如小麥或大麥;假霜黴屬(Pseudoperonospora)(霜黴病)-於諸多植物,如古巴假霜黴(P. cubensis)-於黃瓜種類或葎草假霜黴(P.humili)-於啤酒花;黃瓜薦尾病假皮居拉菌(Pseudopezicula tracheiphila)(角葉焦枯病,無性型瓶黴屬(Phialophora))-於葡萄藤;柄銹菌屬(Puccinia spp.)(銹病)-於諸多植物,如小麥葉銹菌(P.triticina)(小麥褐銹病),鴨茅條形柄銹菌(P.striiformis)(黃銹病)。大麥柄銹菌(P.hordei)(矮葉銹病),禾柄銹菌(P.graminis)(黑銹病)或固隱匿柄銹菌(P.recondite)(黑麥之褐銹病)-於穀類,如小麥,大麥或黑麥。屈恩柄銹菌(P.kuehnii)-於甘蔗及,如,-於蘆筍(如蘆筍柄銹菌(P.asparagi));堰麥草核腔菌(無性型:德斯黴菌(Drechslera))(葉斑病)-於小麥,或圓核腔菌(P.teres)(網斑病)-於大麥;皮居拉菌屬(Pyricularia spp.),如稻皮居拉菌(P.oryzae)(有性型:稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea.),稻瘟病)-於稻子及稻瘟病菌(P.grisea)-於草坪及穀類;腐黴屬(Pythium spp.)(猝倒病)-於草坪,稻子,玉米,小麥,棉,油菜,向日葵,糖用甜菜,蔬菜及其他植物(如終極腐黴(P.ultimum)或瓜果腐黴(P.aphanidermatum));柱隔孢屬(Ramularia spp.),如生柱隔孢(R.collo-cygni)(柱隔孢葉片及草坪斑點病/生理性葉斑病)-於大麥,及甜菜生柱隔孢(R.beticola)-於糖用甜菜;絲核菌屬(Rhizoctonia spp.)-於棉,稻子,馬鈴薯,草坪,玉米,油菜,馬鈴薯,糖用甜菜,蔬菜及於諸多其他植物,例如,立枯絲核菌(R.solani)(根及莖腐病)-於大豆,立枯絲核菌(R.solani)(紋枯病(sheath blight))-於稻子或禾穀絲核菌(R.cerealis)(紋枯病(sharp eyespot))-於小麥或大麥;匐枝根黴(Rhizopus stolonifer)(軟腐病)-於草莓,紅蘿蔔,捲心菜,葡萄藤及蕃茄;黑麥喙孢(Rhynchosporium secalis)(葉斑病)-於大麥,黑麥及小黑麥;稻帚枝黴菌(Sarocladium oryzae)及退化枝黴菌(S.attenuatum)(鞘腐病)-於稻子;核盤菌屬(Sclerotinia spp.)(莖或白腐病)-於蔬菜及農作物,如油菜,向日葵(如核盤菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum))及大豆(如齊整核盤菌(S.rolfsii)),殼針孢屬(Septoria spp.)-於多種植物,如大豆殼針孢(S. glycines)(葉斑病)-於大豆,小麥殼針孢(S.tritici)(殼針孢葉斑病)-於小麥及穎枯殼針孢(S.nodorum)(同義詞,殼多孢屬(Stagonospora))(葉斑枯病及穎枯病)-於穀類;鉤絲殼(Uncinula necator)(同義詞,白粉菌屬(Erysiphe))(白粉病,無性型:葡萄粉孢(Oidium tuckeri))-於葡萄藤;大斑病菌屬(Setospaeria spp.)(葉斑病)-於玉米(如玉米大斑病菌(S.turcicum),同義詞,大斑病長蠕孢(Helminthosporium turcicum))及草坪;軸黑粉菌屬(Sphacelotheca spp.)(黑頭穗病)-於玉米,(如絲軸黑粉菌(S.reiliana):核黑穗病),粟及甘蔗;單絲殼(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)(白粉病)-於黃瓜種類;馬鈴薯粉痂菌(Spongospora subterranea)(粉痂病)-於馬鈴薯及由其所傳介之病毒性疾病;殼多孢屬(Stagonospora spp.)-於穀類,如穎枯殼多孢(S.nodorum)(葉斑枯病及穎枯病,有性型:穎枯小球腔菌(Leptosphaeria nodorum)[同義詞,小暗球殼屬(Phaeosphaeria)])-於小麥;內生集壺菌(Synchytrium endobioticum)-於馬鈴薯(馬鈴薯癭病);外囊菌屬(Taphrina spp.),如畸形外囊菌(捲葉病)-於桃子,及李外囊菌(T.pruni)(李袋果病)-於桃李;根串珠黴屬(Thielaviopsis spp.)(黑根腐病)-於菸草,仁果,蔬菜作物,大豆及棉,如根串珠黴(T.basicola)(同義詞,秀麗橫節黴菌(Chalara elegans));腥黑粉菌屬(Tilletia spp.)(腥黑穗病(bunt)或黑穗病(stinking smut))-於穀類,如小麥腥黑粉菌(T.tritici)(同義詞,小麥網腥黑粉菌(T.caries),小麥腥黑穗病)及小麥矮腥黑粉菌(T.controversa)(矮腥黑穗病)-於小麥;內孢核珊菌(Typhula incarnate)(灰雪黴)-於大麥或小麥;條黑粉菌屬(Urocystis spp.),如隱條黑粉菌(U.occulta)(衰退黑穗病)-於黑麥;疣頂單孢銹菌屬(銹病)-於蔬菜植物,如豆子(如疣頂單孢銹菌,同義詞,菜豆單孢銹菌(U.phaseolI))及糖用甜菜(如菾菜單孢銹菌(U.betae));黑粉菌屬(Ustilago spp.)(散黑穗病)-於穀物(如裸黑粉菌(U.nuda)及燕麥散黑粉菌(U.avaenae)),玉米(如玉蜀黍黑粉菌(U.maydis):玉米黑穗病)及甘蔗;黑星菌屬(黑星 病)-於蘋果(如蘋果黑星菌)及梨子及輪枝孢屬(Verticillium spp.)(葉片及芽萎病)於諸多植物,如果樹及觀賞植物樹木,葡萄藤,漿果,蔬菜及農作物,如大麗花輪枝孢(V.dahlia)-於草莓,油菜,馬鈴薯及蕃茄。 In particular, the mixtures and compositions according to the invention are suitable for controlling the following plant diseases: white rust (white rust) - in ornamental plants, vegetable crops (such as white rust) and sunflowers (such as Brahmin white rust ( A.tragopogonis)); Alternaria (black spot, dark spot) - in vegetables, canola (such as A. brassicola or A. brassicae) , sugar beet (such as A. tenuis), fruit, rice, soybean and - in potato (such as A. solani or A. alternata) and tomatoes ( Such as Phytophthora infestans or Alternaria spp. and Alternaria spp. (Blackhead) - in wheat; Aphanomyces spp. - in sugar beet and vegetable; Ascochyta spp .) - in cereals and vegetables, such as A.tritici (H. oxysporum) - in wheat and barley (A. hordei) - in barley; umbilical (Bipolaris) and Germany Drechslera spp. (sexual generation: Cochliobolus spp.), such as leaf spot (D. maydis and corn worms). Zeicola)) - in corn, Such as blight (B. sorokiniana) - in cereals and such as B. oryzae - in rice and - in the lawn; powdery mildew (Blumeria) (old name: Erysiphe) Graminis (powder disease) - in cereals (such as wheat or barley); 'Slack Dead Arm Disease' - in grapes (such as B. obtusa); Botrytis cinerea (type: Botryotinia fuckeliana: gray mold, gray rot) - in berries and pome fruits (especially strawberries), vegetables (especially lettuce, carrots) , celeriac and cabbage), canola, flower, vine, forest crop and wheat (ear mold); lettuce (Bremia lactucae) (downy mildew) - lettuce; Ceratocystis (synonym, Ophiostoma) (Blue mold) - in deciduous trees and coniferous trees, such as C. ulmi (Dutch eucalyptus disease) - in eucalyptus; Cercospora spp. (brown) Spot disease) - in corn (such as C. zeae-maydis), rice, sugar beet (such as C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (such as large C. sojina or C. kikukil) and rice; Cladosporium spp. - tomatoes (such as C. fulvum: tomato leaf mold) and cereals, For example, C. herbarum (ear rot) - in wheat; Claviceps purpurea (ergots) - in cereals; Cochliobolus spp. (asexual: Helminthosporium or Bipolaris (leaf leaf spot) - in corn (such as C. carbonum), grain (such as Helminthosporium (C.) Sativus), asexual: B. sorokiniana: blight) and rice (eg C. miyabeanus, anamorphic: H. oryzae) ); Colletotrichum spp. (sexual type: Glomerella) (anthrax) - cotton (such as C. gossypii), corn (such as (C.graminicola): stem rot and anthracnose), berries, potatoes (such as C. coccodes: blight), beans (such as C. lindemuthianum) and soybeans (such as flathead) C. truncatum; Corticium spp., such as C. serrata (C .sasakii) (Rice Blight) - in rice; Corynespora cassiicola (leaf leaf spot) - in soybeans and ornamental plants; Cycloconium spp., such as O. oleracea (C. .oleaginum) in the olive; Cylindrocarpon spp. (if tree cancer or vine black foot disease, sexual type: Nectria or Neonectria spp.) Fruit trees, vines (such as C. liriodendn; sexual type: Neonectria liriodendra, black foot disease) and many ornamental trees; Dematophora (Sexual type: Rosellinia) (root/stalk rot) - in soybeans; Diaporthe spp., such as D. phaseolorum (stem disease) - Soybean; Drechslera spp. (synonym, Helminthosporium, serotype: Pyrenophora) - in corn, cereals, such as barley (such as D. teres, net spot) Disease) and - in wheat (such as D. tritici-repentis: DTR leaf spot), rice and lawn; Escal disease (the death of vines, stroke) - in the vine, by the layer Lying Bacteria (Formitiporia punctata) (synonym, wood Fomes (Phellinus)), the Mediterranean layer lying volvatus (F mediterranea) cause. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (formerly known as Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum), Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and/or Botryosphaeria obtusa; Elsinoe Spp.) - Yu Pear (E.Pyri) and berries (E.Veneta: anthracnose) and vines (E.ampelina): Anthrax); Entyloma oryzae (rice leaf black powder) - in rice; Epicoccum spp. (blackhead) - in wheat; Erysiphe spp (powder disease) - For sugar beet (E.betae), vegetables (such as E. pisi), such as cucumber species (such as E. cichoracearum) and cabbage species, such as rape ( Such as E. cruciferarum; Euthypa fata (C. serrata salt cancer or dead, asexual type: Cytosporina lata, synonym, locust Zioli Libertella blepharis - fruit trees, vines and many ornamental trees; large spot (Exserohilum) (synonym, Helminthosporium (Helminthosporium)) genus - in maize (such as E. tucicum); Fusarium spp. (sexual type: Gibberella) (wild disease, root and stem rot) ) - in a variety of plants, such as F. Graminearum or F. Culmorum (root rot and silver apex) - in cereals (such as wheat or barley), Fusarium oxysporum (F .Oxysporum) - in tomatoes, F. solani - in soybeans and F. verticillioides - in corn; Gaeumannomyces graminis (wheat total etch) Grains (such as wheat or barley) and corn; Gibberella spp. - in cereals (such as G. Zeea) and rice (such as G. Fujikuroi: mite); Glomerella cingulata - grapes, apples and other plants and G. Gossypii - cotton; graining complex - in rice; Guignardia Bidwellii) (black rot) - in vines; genus Gymnosporangium spp. - in Rosaceae and juniper, such as G. sabinae (pear rust) - Yu pear; Helminthospo Rium spp.) (synonym, Drechslera, sexual type: Cochliobolus) - in corn, grain and rice; Hemileia spp., such as coffee camel H.vastatrix (coffee leaf rust) - in coffee; Isariopsis clavispora (synonym, Cladosporium vitis) - in vines; Macrophomina phaseolina (synonym, kidney bean) Protein (phaseoli) (root/stalk rot) - in soybean and cotton; red snow rot (total, Fusarium) (pink snow mold) - in cereals (such as wheat or barley); soybean fork silk shell ( Microsphaera diffusa) (in powdery mildew) - in soybeans; Monilinia spp., such as M. laxa. M. fiucticola and M. fructigena ( Flower and branch blight) - in stone fruit and other Rosaceae; Mycosphaerella spp. - in cereals, bananas, berries and peanuts, such as M. graminicola (asexual: wheat husk Septoria tritici, Phytophthora leaf spot) - in wheat or M. fijiensis (leaf leaf spot) - in bananas; Peronospora spp. Mildew) - in cabbage (such as P. brassicae), canola (such as P. parasitica), bulbous plants (such as P. destructor), tobacco (tobacco cream) P. tabacina and soybeans (such as P. manshurica); Phakopsora pachyrhizi and P. meibomiae (soybean rust) - In soybeans; Phialophora spp., such as vines (such as P. tracheiphila and P. tetraspora) and soybeans (such as soybean mold (P. gregata) ): Stem disease); Phoma lingam (root and stem rot) - in rapeseed and cabbage and leeks stem (leaf leaf spot) - in sugar beet; Pseudomonas Phomopsis spp.) - in sunflowers, vines (such as P. viticola: grape ulcers) and soybeans (such as ulcers / stem blight: P. phaseoli, P. phaseoli) : Diaporthe phaseolorum); Physoderma maydis (brown spot) - in corn; Phytophthora spp. (wild wilt, root, leaf, stem and fruit rot) For many plants, such as - sweet And cucumber species (such as P. capsici), soybeans (such as P. megasperma, synonym, P. Sojae), potatoes and tomatoes (eg Phytophthora infestans (P) .infestans.), late blight and brown rot) and deciduous trees (eg P. ramorum, oak stagnation); Plasmodiophora brassicae (root edema) - cabbage, rape , radish and other plants; Plasmopara spp., such as P. viticola (Pythium genus, downy mildew) - in vines and Helicobacter holly (P.halstedii)-in sunflower; Podosphaera spp. (powder disease) - in Rosaceae, hops, pome fruits and berries, such as white stalked shell (P. leucotricha) - Apple; Polymyxa spp., such as - in cereals, such as barley and wheat (P. graminis) and sugar beet (P. betae) and The viral disease referred to; Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (eye spot/stem break, sexual type: Tapese yallundae) - in cereals. Such as wheat or barley; Pseudoperonospora (downy mildew) - in many plants, such as P. cubensis - in cucumber species or P. humili - in hops Pseudopezicula tracheiphila (Pseudopezicula tracheiphila, genus Phialophora) - vines; Puccinia spp. (rust) - many plants For example, P. triticina (wheat brown rust), P. striiformis (yellow rust). P. hordei (dwarf leaf rust), P. graminis (black rust) or P. recondite (black rust of rye) - in cereals, Such as wheat, barley or rye. P. kuehnii - in sugar cane and, for example, - asparagus (such as P. asparagi); Phytophthora sojae (asexual type: Drechslera) (leaf leaf spot) - in wheat, or P. teres (net blotch) - in barley; Pyricularia spp., such as P. oryzae (Sexual type: Magnaporthe grisea., rice blast) - in rice and P. grisea - in lawns and cereals; Pythium spp. Lawn, rice, corn, wheat, cotton, canola, sunflower, sugar beet, vegetables and other plants (such as P.ultimum or P. aphanidermatum); Ramularia Spp.), such as R.collo-cygni (column spore leaf and turf blight/physiological leaf spot) - in barley, and sugar beet (R. beticola) - sugar Beet; Rhizoctonia spp. - cotton, rice, potato, lawn, corn, canola, potato, sugar beet, vegetables and many other plants, for example, R. solani ) (root and stem rot) - in soybeans, R. solani (sheath blight) - in rice or R. cerealis (sharp eyespot) - in wheat or barley; (Rhizopus stolonifer) (soft rot) - in strawberries, carrots, cabbage, vines and tomatoes; Rhynchosporium secalis (leaf leaf spot) - in barley, rye and triticale; (Sarocladium oryzae) and S. attenuatum (sheath rot) - in rice; Sclerotinia spp. (stem or white rot) - in vegetables and crops, such as rapeseed, sunflower (such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and soybeans (such as S. rolfsii), Septoria spp. - in a variety of plants, such as S. glycines (leaf spots) Disease) - Soybean, S. tritici (S. serrata) - in wheat and S. nodorum (synonym, Stagonospora) Spot blotch and sclerotium) - in cereals; Uncinula necator (synonym, Erysiphe) (powder disease, asexual type: Oidium tuckeri) - on vines; Genus Ospaeria spp.) - in corn (such as S. tucicum, synonym, Helminthosporium turcicum) and turf; Sphacelotheca spp. (blackhead) - in corn, (such as S. reiliana: nuclear smut), millet and sugar cane; Sphaerotheca fuliginea (powder disease) - in cucumber species; potato flour Spongospora subterranea (Powder's disease) - a potato and a viral disease transmitted by it; Stagonospora spp. - in cereals, such as S. nodorum ( Leaf spot blight and blight, sexual type: Leptosphaeria nodorum [synonym, Phaeosphaeria] - in wheat; Synchtosis endobioticum - In potato (potato rickets); genus Taphrina spp., such as malformed ectobacteria (rolling leaf disease) - in peaches, and T. pruni (Li bag fruit disease) - Peach and plum; Thielaviopsis spp. (black root rot) - in tobacco, pome fruit, vegetable crops, soybeans and cotton, such as T. bassicola (synonym, beauty cross section) Chalara elegans); Tilletia spp. (bunt or stinking smut) - in cereals such as T. tritici (T. tritici) Synonyms, T. caries, wheat smut, and T. controversa (dwarf smut) - in wheat; Typhula Incarnate) (in the case of barley or wheat); Urocystis spp., such as U. occulta (declining smut) - in rye; Rust fungus (rust) - in vegetable plants, such as beans (such as the rust fungus, synonym, U. phaseol I) and sugar beet (such as U. tabe )); Ustilago spp. (stained smut) - in cereals (such as U.nuda and U. avenae), corn (such as maize black) U.maydis: corn smut) and sugar cane; black genus (black star disease) - in apples (such as apple black fungus) and pears and Verticillium spp. (leaf and Bud wilt) in many plants, if trees and ornamental trees, vines, berries, vegetables and farmers Crops such as V. dahlia - in strawberries, canola, potatoes and tomatoes.

根據本發明之混合物及組成物係特別宜用來控制下列植物之疾病:大豆疾病:菊池尾孢,大豆痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe glycines),菜豆間座殼大豆變種(Diaporthe phaseolorum var.sojae),大豆殼針孢,大豆尾孢,豆薯層銹菌,大豆疫黴,立枯絲核菌,山扁豆生棒孢,及核盤菌。 The mixtures and compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for controlling diseases of the following plants: soybean diseases: Chrysanthemum cerevisiae, Elsinoe glycines, Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae, Soybean shell spore, soybean tail spore, Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora sojae, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium serrata, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

植物健康  Plant health  

根據本發明所發明之組合物及組成物適用於增進植物健康。 The compositions and compositions of the invention according to the invention are suitable for enhancing the health of plants.

增進植物健康係指本發明組合物及組成物可用作為定義如下之植物生長調節劑,作為定義如下之強化/抗性誘導誘發化合物,如下用來影響植物生理,及如下用來提高作物產量。 Promoting plant health means that the compositions and compositions of the present invention can be used as plant growth regulators as defined below, as reinforcing/resistance inducing compounds as defined below, which are used to affect plant physiology as follows, and are used to increase crop yield as follows.

植物生長調節  Plant growth regulation  

某些情況中,本發明組合物或組成物可,於特定濃度或施用率時,亦可用作為除草劑,安全劑,生長調節劑或改良植物特性之試劑,或用作為殺微生物劑,例如作為殺真菌劑,抗黴菌劑,殺細菌劑,殺病毒劑(包括組成物對抗類病毒)或作為組成物以對抗MLO(似黴漿菌生物)及RLO(類立克次體生物)。本發明組合物或組成物之活性組份牽涉到植物之代謝且因此亦可用作為生長調節劑。 In some cases, the compositions or compositions of the present invention may be used as herbicides, safeners, growth regulators or agents to modify plant characteristics, or as microbicides, for example, as a microbicide at a particular concentration or rate of application. A fungicide, an antifungal agent, a bactericide, a viricide (including a composition against a viroid) or as a composition against MLO (M. fungi) and RLO (like rickettsia). The active ingredient of the composition or composition of the invention involves the metabolism of the plant and can therefore also be used as a growth regulator.

植物生長調節劑可能對植物有諸多影響。該物質之功效主要係根據與植物發展階段有關之施用時間,且亦根據施用至植物或其等之環境區之活性組成份的量及根據施用型式而定。於每一情況中,生長調節劑對於作物植物應具有特定之功效。 Plant growth regulators can have many effects on plants. The efficacy of the substance is primarily based on the time of administration associated with the stage of plant development, and also on the amount of active ingredient applied to the environment of the plant or its environment, and depending on the mode of administration. In each case, the growth regulator should have a specific effect on the crop plant.

可使用植物生長調節化合物,例如,以抑制植物之營養生長。此等生長抑制性具有經濟利益,例如,於牧草之情況時,由於其係如此而可減少在觀賞植物花園,公園及體育設施,在路邊,在機場或水果作物剪草的頻率。亦為顯著的是抑制草本和木本植物在路邊及管線或架空電纜附近,或挺常在不想要植物旺盛生長的地方生長。 Plant growth regulating compounds can be used, for example, to inhibit vegetative growth of plants. Such growth inhibition has economic benefits, for example, in the case of pasture, as a result of this, the frequency of cutting grass in ornamental gardens, parks and sports facilities, on the roadside, at airports or fruit crops can be reduced. It is also remarkable to inhibit herbaceous and woody plants from growing near roadsides and pipelines or overhead cables, or where they are not expected to grow vigorously.

亦屬重要的是使用生長調節劑以抑制穀類的縱向生長。此可以減少或完全避免植物於採收前倒伏。而且,於穀物之情況時,生長調節劑可加強莖稈,其亦可阻擋倒伏。使用生長調節劑以縮短並加強莖稈允許分配較多的肥料體積以提高產量,無任何穀類作物倒伏的風險。 It is also important to use growth regulators to inhibit longitudinal growth of the cereal. This can reduce or completely avoid plant lodging before harvesting. Moreover, in the case of cereals, the growth regulator enhances the stalk, which also blocks lodging. The use of growth regulators to shorten and strengthen the stalk allows for the allocation of more fertilizer volume to increase yield without the risk of lodging any cereal crops.

於許多作物植物中,抑制營養生長允許更密集種植,且其因此可達到較高產量於該土壤表面。以這種方式獲得之較小植物的另一個益處為該作物比較容易培養和採收。 In many crop plants, inhibition of vegetative growth allows for more intensive planting, and thus it is possible to achieve higher yields on the soil surface. Another benefit of smaller plants obtained in this manner is that the crops are easier to culture and harvest.

抑制植物營養生長亦可導致提高產量,因為相較於植物營養部份,養分及同化物更有利於花朵及果實形成。 Inhibition of plant vegetative growth can also lead to increased yields, as nutrients and assimilates are more conducive to flower and fruit formation than plant nutrient parts.

往往,生長調節劑亦可用來促進營養生長。當採收植物營養部份時,此更為有利。然而,在形成較多同化物時,促進營養生長亦可促進生殖生長,產生更多或更大的果實。 Often, growth regulators can also be used to promote vegetative growth. This is more advantageous when harvesting the nutrient portion of the plant. However, when more assimilates are formed, promoting vegetative growth can also promote reproductive growth and produce more or larger fruits.

於許多情況中,產量增加可藉由操控植物的代謝來達成,於營養生長上無任何可檢測的變化。而且,生長調節劑可用來改變植物的組成物,其進而可造成採收產品於品質上的改善。例如,其可能於糖用甜菜,甘蔗,鳳梨及於柑橘類水果中提高糖含量,或於大豆或穀類中提高蛋白質含量。其亦可能,例如,可於採收前或後,使用生長調節劑來抑制想要的組份,例如於糖用甜菜或甘蔗中之糖的降解。其亦可正向影響第二植物組份之生產及消除。實例之一為 刺激橡膠樹中乳膠的流動。 In many cases, the increase in yield can be achieved by manipulating the metabolism of the plant without any detectable change in vegetative growth. Moreover, growth regulators can be used to alter the composition of the plant, which in turn can result in improved quality of the harvested product. For example, it may increase sugar content in sugar beet, sugar cane, pineapple, and citrus fruits, or increase protein content in soybeans or cereals. It is also possible, for example, to use a growth regulator to inhibit the desired component, such as the degradation of sugar in sugar beet or sugar cane, before or after harvesting. It can also positively affect the production and elimination of the second plant component. One example is to stimulate the flow of latex in the rubber tree.

在生長調節劑的影響下,可形成單性結實之果實。而且,其可能影響花卉的性別。其亦可產生不育花粉,其於育種及生成混種種子上極為重要。 Under the influence of the growth regulator, a parthenocarpic fruit can be formed. Moreover, it may affect the gender of the flower. It also produces sterile pollen, which is extremely important in breeding and in the production of mixed seeds.

使用生長調節劑可控制植物之分枝。一方面,藉由打破植物頂端優勢,其可能促進側芽的發展,這特別是於觀賞植物之栽培上高度需要,亦於與抑制生長之組合物。另一方面,然而,其亦可抑制側芽的生長。此功效特別關注在,例如,菸草栽培或蕃茄栽培。 Branching of plants can be controlled using growth regulators. On the one hand, by breaking the plant's apical dominance, it may promote the development of lateral buds, which is particularly desirable for the cultivation of ornamental plants, as well as compositions for inhibiting growth. On the other hand, however, it also inhibits the growth of lateral buds. This effect is particularly concerned with, for example, tobacco cultivation or tomato cultivation.

於生長調節劑的影響下,於植物上之葉片量可控制到使得植物於想要的時間達成落葉。此等落葉於機械採收棉上扮演重要角色,但亦關注在促進其他作物採收,例如於葡萄種植。植物落葉亦可被採用以於植物移植之前降低蒸散。 Under the influence of growth regulators, the amount of leaves on the plants can be controlled such that the plants reach the leaves at the desired time. These leaves play an important role in mechanical harvesting of cotton, but are also concerned with promoting other crops, such as grape growing. Plant defoliation can also be used to reduce evapotranspiration prior to plant transplantation.

生長調節劑同樣可用來調控果實開裂。一方面,其可避免過早的果實開裂。另一方面,其亦可促進果實開裂或甚至花朵敗育以達到想要的質量(“疏化”),以消除輪替。應瞭解輪替係指某些水果品種之特點,因內源性原因,以年復一年提供非常不同的產量。最後,可於採收時使用生長調節劑以降低使果實脫離所需之力道,以便允許機械採收或方便於人工採收。 Growth regulators can also be used to regulate fruit cracking. On the one hand, it avoids premature fruit cracking. On the other hand, it can also promote fruit cracking or even flower abortion to achieve the desired quality ("sparse") to eliminate rotation. It should be understood that rotation refers to the characteristics of certain fruit varieties and, for endogenous reasons, provides very different yields year after year. Finally, growth regulators can be used at harvest to reduce the force required to detach the fruit to allow for mechanical harvesting or for manual harvesting.

生長調節劑亦可用來於採收前或後達到採收物質加快或延遲成熟。此特別有利,因其允許最優化調整市場需求。再者,於某些情況下,生長調節劑可改良果實色彩。而且,生長調節劑亦可於特定期間內用來集中熟化。此確立了在單一操作時完全機械或人工採收的先決條件,例如於菸草,蕃茄或咖啡之情況時。 Growth regulators can also be used to achieve accelerated or delayed maturation of harvested material before or after harvesting. This is particularly advantageous as it allows for optimal adjustment of market demand. Furthermore, in some cases, growth regulators can improve fruit color. Moreover, the growth regulator can also be used for concentrated ripening during a specific period of time. This establishes the prerequisite for complete mechanical or manual harvesting in a single operation, such as in the case of tobacco, tomatoes or coffee.

於使用生長調節劑時,另外亦可影響植物種子或芽的休息,使得於苗圃之植物如鳳梨或觀賞植物植物於其等通常不會的同 一時間,例如,發芽,抽條或開花。在有霜凍危機的地方,其可能需要藉助於生長調節劑以延緩種子出芽或萌芽,以便避免由晚霜凍所造成之傷害。 When a growth regulator is used, it may additionally affect the rest of the plant seeds or shoots such that the plants in the nursery, such as pineapples or ornamental plants, are at the same time, such as germination, drawing or flowering, which are not normally desired. Where there is a frost crisis, it may be necessary to use a growth regulator to delay seed germination or germination in order to avoid damage caused by late frost.

最後,生長調節劑可誘發植物對於霜凍,乾旱或土壤含鹽量之抗性。這使得植物在其等通常不適合於此目的之區域種植。 Finally, growth regulators can induce plant resistance to frost, drought or soil salinity. This allows plants to be planted in areas where they are generally not suitable for this purpose.

抗性誘導及其他功效  Resistance induction and other effects  

根據本發明之組合物或組成物亦對於植物具有強化作用的功效。因此,其等可用來發動植物之防禦性以對抗所不要之微生物。 The compositions or compositions according to the invention also have a potentiating effect on plants. Therefore, they can be used to mobilize the defensiveness of plants against the unwanted microorganisms.

應瞭解植物加強物質(抗性-誘發)於本文中係指,該等物質其能以此方式刺激植物之防禦系統,使得植物,當隨即接種以所不要之微生物,對這些微生物產生高程度的抗性。 It should be understood that plant-enhancing substances (resistance-induced) are used herein to mean that they can stimulate the plant's defense system in such a way that the plants, when inoculated with the unwanted microorganisms, produce a high degree of Resistance.

根據本發明之活性化合物亦適用於提高作物之產量。而且,其等顯示降低的毒性及良好的植物耐受性。 The active compounds according to the invention are also suitable for increasing the yield of crops. Moreover, they show reduced toxicity and good plant tolerance.

再者,於本發明內文中,植物之生理效應包含下列者:非生物耐壓性,包含溫度耐受性,耐旱性及乾旱脅迫後復甦,水使用效率(相關於降低水消耗量),防洪耐受性,臭氧脅迫及UV耐受性,對於化學品如重金屬,鹽類,殺蟲劑(安全劑)等之耐受性。 Furthermore, in the context of the present invention, the physiological effects of plants include the following: non-biological pressure resistance, including temperature tolerance, drought tolerance and resuscitation after drought stress, water use efficiency (related to reduced water consumption), Flood tolerance, ozone stress and UV tolerance, resistance to chemicals such as heavy metals, salts, pesticides (safeners), etc.

生物耐壓性,包含提高之抗真菌性及提高之抗線蟲,病毒及細菌性。於本發明內文中,生物耐壓性宜包含提高之抗真菌性及提高之抗線蟲性。 Biological pressure resistance, including improved antifungal properties and improved resistance to nematodes, viruses and bacteria. In the context of the present invention, the biological pressure resistance preferably includes increased antifungal properties and improved resistance to nematodes.

提高之植物活力,包含植物質量及種子之活力,降低站立失敗,提升外觀,增加復原,提升綠化效果及提高光合效率。 Improve plant vitality, including plant quality and seed vigor, reduce standing failure, enhance appearance, increase recovery, enhance greening effect and improve photosynthetic efficiency.

植物荷爾蒙及/或功能酶之功效。 The efficacy of plant hormones and/or functional enzymes.

生長調節劑(促進劑)之功效,包含提早發芽,更好的出苗, 根系較發達及/或改良根的生長,提高分蘗能力,更多可生產的分蘗,提早開花,提高植物高度及/或生物量,縮短莖,改良芽生長,核/穗數目,穗數目/m2,匍匐莖數目及/或花卉數目,提高採收指數,較大葉片,較少死掉的基底葉片,改進的葉序,較早成熟/較早果實結束,均勻裂開,提高籽粒充實的期間,較佳的果實結束,較大果實/蔬菜尺寸,抵抗萌芽及減少倒伏。 The effects of growth regulators (accelerators), including early germination, better emergence, more developed roots and/or improved root growth, improved tillering ability, more productive tillers, early flowering, increased plant height and/or Biomass, shortening stems, improving shoot growth, number of kernels/ears, number of ears/m 2 , number of stolons and/or number of flowers, increasing harvest index, larger leaves, less dead base leaves, improved leaf order Early maturity/early fruit ending, evenly splitting, increasing grain filling period, better fruit ending, larger fruit/vegetable size, resistance to sprouting and reduced lodging.

提高產量,係指每公頃的總生物量,每公頃的產量,核/果實重量,種子大小及/或每百升重量以及提高產物品質,包含:改善有關大小分佈之加工性(核,果實等),均勻裂開,穀物水分,利於研磨,利於釀造,利於釀製,提昇出汁率,採收能力,消化力,沉降值,沉落數值,莢果穩定性,貯存穩定性,改良纖維長度/強度/均勻性,提高青貯飼料餵養之動物奶及/或肉質量,適用於烹煮及油炸;其他包含有關改良的果實/穀物品質,大小分佈(核,果實等),提高的儲存性/保質期,硬度/柔軟度,味道(香氣,質地等),等級(大小,形狀,漿果數目等),每一束之漿果/果實數目,脆度,新鮮度,蠟覆蓋率,生理失調的頻率,顏色等改良的商品性;其他包含提高想要的組份,如蛋白質含量,脂肪酸,油含量,油品質,胺基酸組成物,糖含量,酸含量(pH),糖/酸比率(Brix),聚苯酚,澱粉含量,營養品質,麩質含量/指數,能量含量,味道等;且進一步包含降低所不要的組份,如較少黴菌毒素(mycotoxines),較少黃麴毒素(aflatoxines),土臭素濃度,苯酚香味,漆酶,多酚氧化酶及過氧化酶,硝酸鹽含量等。 Increased yield refers to total biomass per hectare, yield per hectare, nuclear/fruit weight, seed size and/or weight per liter and product quality, including: improved processing of size distribution (nucleus, fruit, etc.) ), evenly split, grain moisture, conducive to grinding, conducive to brewing, conducive to brewing, increase juice yield, harvesting capacity, digestion, sedimentation value, sinking value, pod stability, storage stability, improved fiber length / strength / Uniformity, improve the quality of silage-fed animal milk and / or meat, suitable for cooking and frying; other contains improved fruit / grain quality, size distribution (nuclear, fruit, etc.), improved storage / shelf life , hardness / softness, taste (aroma, texture, etc.), grade (size, shape, number of berries, etc.), number of berries/fruits per bundle, crispness, freshness, wax coverage, frequency of physiological disorders, color Such improved commercial properties; others include enhancement of desired components such as protein content, fatty acid, oil content, oil quality, amino acid composition, sugar content, acid content (pH), sugar/acid ratio (Brix), polyphenol, starch content, nutritional quality, gluten content/index, energy content, taste, etc.; and further includes lowering unwanted components, such as less mycotoxines, less xanthine toxin ( Aflatoxines), soil odor concentration, phenol flavor, laccase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, nitrate content, etc.

可持續的農業,包含養分利用效率,尤其是氮(N)-利用率,磷(P)-利用率,水利用率,改良的蒸散作用,呼吸作用及/或CO2吸收率,較好的結瘤,改良的Ca-代謝等。 Sustainable agriculture, including nutrient use efficiency, especially nitrogen (N)-utility, phosphorus (P)-utilization, water use efficiency, improved evapotranspiration, respiration and/or CO 2 absorption, better Nodulation, improved Ca-metabolism, etc.

延遲老化,包含改良植物生理機能,使其表現出,例如,較長的籽粒充實階段,造成較多的產量,植物綠葉顏色期間較長且因此包含顏色(綠化),水含量,乾燥等。因此,於本發明內文中,發現到特定之本發明活性化合物組合物之施用使其能夠延長綠葉區域期,其延緩植物的成熟(老化)。對於農民的主要利益在於較長的籽粒充實階段從而導致更高產量。對於農民的另一利益在於採收期間較大的靈活性。 Delayed aging, including improved plant physiology, exhibits, for example, a longer grain filling stage, resulting in more yield, longer plant green leaf color and therefore color (greening), water content, dryness, and the like. Thus, in the context of the present invention, it has been found that the application of a particular active compound composition of the invention allows it to prolong the green leaf region, which delays the maturation (aging) of the plant. The main benefit for farmers is the longer grain filling stage leading to higher yields. Another benefit for farmers is greater flexibility during harvesting.

其中,“沉降值”係對於蛋白質品質之量度且係根據Zeleny(Zeleny值)說明於標準時間間隔內懸浮於乳酸溶液中之麵粉的沉降程度。這被視為烘焙品質的量度。於乳酸溶液中麵粉麩質級分的溶脹影響麵粉懸浮液的沉降速率。較高的麩質含量及較佳的麩質品質導致較慢沉降及較高的Zeleny測試值。麵粉之沉降值係根據小麥蛋白質組成物且與蛋白質含量,小麥硬度,及鍋和爐餅(hearth loaves)體積最為相關。麵包體積及Zeleny沉降體積之較大的關連性,相較於SDS沉降體積,可歸因於蛋白質含量影響體積及Zeleny值兩者(其中,“沉降值”係對於蛋白質品質之量度且係根據Zeleny(Zeleny值)說明於標準時間間隔內懸浮於乳酸溶液中之麵粉的沉降程度。這被視為烘焙品質的量度。於乳酸溶液中麵粉麩質級分的溶脹影響麵粉懸浮液的沉降速率。較高的麩質含量及較佳的麩質品質導致較慢沉降及較高的Zeleny測試值。麵粉之沉降值係根據小麥蛋白質組成物且與蛋白質含量,小麥硬度,及鍋和爐餅(hearth loaves)體積最為相關。麵包體積及Zeleny沉降體積之較大的關連性,相較於SDS沉降體積,可歸因於蛋白質含量影響體積及Zeleny值兩者(Czech J.Food Sci.Vol 21,No.3:91-96,2000)。 Here, the "sedimentation value" is a measure of the quality of the protein and is based on the Zeleny (Zeleny value) indicating the degree of sedimentation of the flour suspended in the lactic acid solution at standard time intervals. This is considered a measure of the quality of the baking. The swelling of the flour gluten fraction in the lactic acid solution affects the sedimentation rate of the flour suspension. Higher gluten content and better gluten quality result in slower settling and higher Zeleny test values. The sedimentation value of the flour is based on the wheat protein composition and is most relevant to protein content, wheat hardness, and pot and hearth loaves volume. The greater correlation between bread volume and Zeleny sedimentation volume is attributable to both the protein content and the Zeleny value compared to the SDS sedimentation volume (where the "sedimentation value" is a measure of protein quality and is based on Zeleny. (Zeleny value) indicates the degree of sedimentation of the flour suspended in the lactic acid solution at standard time intervals. This is considered as a measure of the quality of the baking. The swelling of the flour gluten fraction in the lactic acid solution affects the sedimentation rate of the flour suspension. High gluten content and better gluten quality result in slower settling and higher Zeleny test values. The sedimentation value of flour is based on wheat protein composition and protein content, wheat firmness, and pot and heart cake (hearth loaves) The volume is most relevant. The greater correlation between the bread volume and the Zeleny sedimentation volume is attributable to both the protein content and the Zeleny value compared to the SDS sedimentation volume (Czech J. Food Sci. Vol 21, No.). 3:91-96, 2000).

再者,本文中提及之“沉落數值”為穀類,尤其是小麥烘焙品質之量度。該沉落數值測試係指出可能發生的萌發損害。這意味 著小麥核中澱粉部份的物理性質已發生改變。其中,沉落數值儀器係藉由測量麵粉及水糊至下降柱塞之阻力進行分析黏度。發生的時間(以秒計)被稱為沉落數值。該沉落數值結果係以於小麥或麵粉樣品之酶活性指數來記錄且結果係以時間秒表示。高的沉落數值(例如,大於300秒)係指最小酶活性及健全品質之小麥或麵粉。低的沉落數值(例如,少於250秒)係指實質的酶活性及萌發損傷之小麥或麵粉。 Furthermore, the "sinking value" mentioned in this article is a measure of the quality of cereals, especially wheat. The sinking numerical test indicates possible germination damage. This means that the physical properties of the starch fraction in the wheat kernel have changed. Among them, the sinking numerical instrument analyzes the viscosity by measuring the resistance of the flour and water paste to the falling plunger. The time of occurrence (in seconds) is called the sinking value. The sinking numerical results are recorded for the enzyme activity index of the wheat or flour sample and the results are expressed in seconds. A high sinking value (eg, greater than 300 seconds) refers to wheat or flour with minimal enzyme activity and sound quality. A low sinking value (eg, less than 250 seconds) refers to substantial enzyme activity and germination of damaged wheat or flour.

“更發達的根系”/“加強根系生長”之詞係指較長根系,較深根系生長,較快根系生長,較高根的乾/鮮重,較大根體積,較大根表面積,較大根直徑,較高根穩定性,較多根分支,較高數目的根毛,及/或較多根尖且可藉由用適當的方法及圖像分析程序(如WinRhizo)來分析根結構而測量。 The term "more developed root system" / "enhanced root growth" refers to longer root systems, deeper root growth, faster root growth, higher root dry/fresh weight, larger root volume, larger root surface area, larger root diameter, Higher root stability, more root branches, a higher number of root hairs, and/or more root tips can be measured by analyzing the root structure using appropriate methods and image analysis procedures such as WinRhizo.

“作物水利用率”之詞技術上係指每單位消耗水之農業產物量及經濟上係指每單位消耗水體積所生成之產物值且可如以每公頃之產量,植物之生物量,千-核質量,及每m2之穗數目來測量。 The term “crop water utilization” refers technically to the amount of agricultural product per unit of water consumed and economically to the value of the product produced per unit of water consumed and can be as per hectare, plant biomass, thousand - Nuclear mass, and the number of ears per m 2 to measure.

“氮利用率”之詞技術上係指每單位消耗氮之農業產物量及經濟上係指消耗每單位消耗氮所生成之產物值,反映出吸收及利用效率。 The term "nitrogen utilization" refers technically to the amount of agricultural product per unit of nitrogen consumed and economically to the value of the product produced by the consumption of nitrogen per unit, reflecting the efficiency of absorption and utilization.

綠化/改進顏色之改善及改進光合效率以及延遲老化可用熟知之技藝,如HandyPea system(Hansatech)來測量。Fv/Fm為一廣泛用來指稱光系II(PSII)最大量子效率之參數。此參數係廣泛的被認為是植物光合表現之選擇性指標,而健康的樣品典型地達到約0.85之最大Fv/Fm值。小於此值者當一樣品暴露至某些生物或非生物類型之因數,其降低了於PSII中能量之光化學淬滅的能力時可觀察到低於該值之值。Fv/Fm係以可變螢光(Fv)除以最大螢光值(Fm)之比率來表示。該表現指數本質上是樣品活力的指標(參見如Advanced Techniques in Soil Microbiology,2007,11,319-341; Applied Soil Ecology,2000,15,169-182)。 Improvements in greening/improving color and improving photosynthetic efficiency and delayed aging can be measured using well-known techniques such as HandyPea system (Hansatech). Fv/Fm is a parameter widely used to refer to the maximum quantum efficiency of Light II (PSII). This parameter is widely considered to be a selective indicator of plant photosynthetic performance, while healthy samples typically reach a maximum Fv/Fm value of about 0.85. A value less than this value can be observed when a sample is exposed to certain biological or abiotic types, which reduces the ability of photochemical quenching of energy in PSII. Fv/Fm is expressed by the ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) divided by the maximum fluorescence value (Fm). This performance index is essentially an indicator of sample viability (see, e.g., Advanced Techniques in Soil Microbiology, 2007, 11, 319-341; Applied Soil Ecology, 2000, 15, 169-182).

綠化/改進顏色之提高及改進光合效率以及延遲老化亦可藉由測量淨光合速率(Pn),測量葉綠素含量,如藉由Ziegler及Ehle之色素萃取法,測量光化學效率(Fv/Fm比率),芽生長之確定及最終之根及/或冠層生物量,測量分蘗密度以及根死亡而評估。 Greening/improving color enhancement and improving photosynthetic efficiency and delayed aging can also measure chlorophyll content by measuring net photosynthetic rate (Pn), such as photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio) by Ziegler and Ehle pigment extraction , determination of bud growth and final root and/or canopy biomass, assessment of tiller density and root death.

於本發明內文中,宜為改良之植物生理效應,其係選自包含下列者之群組:加強根系生長/更發達的根系,提高綠化,提高的水利用率(相關於減少水消耗),改進養份使用率,包含,尤其是改進氮(N)-利用率,延遲老化及提高產量。 In the context of the present invention, it is preferred to have an improved plant physiological effect selected from the group consisting of: strengthening root growth/developer root systems, improving greening, and increasing water use efficiency (related to reducing water consumption), Improve nutrient use, including, inter alia, improved nitrogen (N)-utilization, delayed aging and increased yield.

產量的提高宜是由於改善沉降值及沉落數值以及改善蛋白質及糖含量-尤其是於選自穀物(宜為小麥)類之植物。 The increase in yield is preferably due to improved sedimentation and sinking values and improved protein and sugar content - especially in plants selected from cereals (preferably wheat).

本發明殺真菌組合物或組成物之新穎用途宜係關於下列用途之組合:a)預防性的及/或治療性的控制病原性真菌,具有或不具有抗性管理,及b)至少一種加強根系生長,提高綠化,提高水利用率,延遲老化及提高產量。特別宜為b)類中之加強根系生長,水利用率及N利用率。 The novel use of the fungicidal compositions or compositions of the invention is preferably in combination with respect to: a) prophylactic and/or therapeutic control of pathogenic fungi, with or without resistance management, and b) at least one enhancement Root growth, improve greening, increase water use efficiency, delay aging and increase production. Particularly suitable for enhanced root growth, water use efficiency and N utilization in class b).

種子處理  Seed treatment  

本發明進一步包含處理種子之方法。 The invention further encompasses methods of treating seeds.

本發明進一步係關於種子,其業經說明於前述章節之一種方法處理。本發明種子係使用於方法中以保護種子免於有害微生物。於此方法中,係使用至少一種用本發明組合物或組成物處理之種子。 The invention further relates to seeds which have been described in a method of the preceding section. The seed of the invention is used in a process to protect the seed from harmful microorganisms. In this method, at least one seed treated with the composition or composition of the present invention is used.

本發明組合物或組成物亦適用於處理種子。由有害生物造成之作物植物之傷害的很大一部分是於儲存期間或於播種之後,及亦於植物發芽期間及之後種子感染引起。此階段特別關鍵,因為生長之植物的根及芽特別敏感,且即使是輕微的傷害可能會導致植 物死亡。因此,很感興趣的是藉由使用適當組成物以保護種子及發芽植物。 The compositions or compositions of the invention are also suitable for treating seeds. A large part of the damage to crop plants caused by pests is caused by seed infection during or after sowing, and also during and after plant germination. This phase is especially critical because the roots and shoots of growing plants are particularly sensitive and even minor injuries can cause plant death. Therefore, it is of great interest to protect seeds and germinating plants by using appropriate compositions.

藉由處理植物之植物而控制植物病原性真菌已知之甚久且為不斷改進的主題。然而,處理種子涉及一系列的問題,其不能以令人滿意的方式解決。例如,其想要開發方法來保護種子及發芽植物,其免除了,或至少顯著的降低,於種植後或於植物發芽後,作物保護組成物額外的部署。其亦想要最優化所使用之活性組成份的量以便提供最佳可能保護種子及發芽植物之法免於遭受植物病原性真菌攻擊,但不會被所使用之活性組成份傷及植物本身。特別是處理種子之方法亦應顧及基因轉殖植物之固有殺真菌特性以便藉由開消最少之作物保護組成物而對於種子及發芽植物達到最佳保護。 The control of phytopathogenic fungi by treating plants of plants is known for a long time and is a subject of continuous improvement. However, processing seeds involves a series of problems that cannot be resolved in a satisfactory manner. For example, it wants to develop methods to protect seeds and germinating plants that are exempt, or at least significantly reduced, for additional deployment of crop protection compositions after planting or after plant germination. It also wants to optimize the amount of active ingredient used in order to provide the best possible protection of seeds and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi, but not by the active ingredients used to injure the plants themselves. In particular, the method of treating seeds should also take into account the inherent fungicidal properties of the genetically transformed plant in order to achieve optimal protection of the seed and the germinating plant by eliminating the least crop protection composition.

因此,本發明亦關於藉由使用本發明組成物處理種子以保護種子及發芽植物免於植物病原性真菌攻擊之方法。本發明同樣係關於使用本發明組成物來處理種子以保護種子及發芽植物免於植物病原性真菌的方法。本發明進一步係關於用本發明之組成物處理以保護免於植物病原性真菌的種子。 Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a method of treating seeds and protecting germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi by using the compositions of the present invention. The invention is also directed to a method of treating seeds to protect seeds and germinating plants from phytopathogenic fungi using the compositions of the invention. The invention further relates to seeds treated with the compositions of the invention to protect against phytopathogenic fungi.

控制於植物出苗後傷害植物之植物病原性真菌主要是藉由用作物保護組成物處理土壤及植物地上部而實現。由於關注作物保護組成物對於環境及人類和動物之健康可能的影響,致力於降低活性組份之調配量。 A phytopathogenic fungus that is controlled to damage plants after emergence of a plant is mainly achieved by treating the soil and plant shoots with a protective composition for the plant. Due to concerns about the possible effects of crop protection compositions on the environment and the health of humans and animals, efforts are made to reduce the amount of active ingredients.

本發明之優異性之一為本發明組合物或組成物之特別的系統性特性,意指用這些活性組份及組成物來處理種子不僅保護種子本身,以及萌芽後所長成的植物免於植物病原性真菌。於此方式,可以免除於播種時或緊接著立即處理作物。 One of the advantages of the present invention is the particular systemic property of the composition or composition of the present invention, meaning that treating the seed with these active ingredients and compositions not only protects the seed itself, but also plants grown after germination are free of plants. Pathogenic fungus. In this way, it is possible to dispense with crops being treated immediately or immediately after seeding.

本發明組合物或組成物亦可尤其是用於轉殖基因種子,其同樣也被認為是有利,於此情況中,該由此種子長成之植物可表 現對抗蟲害之蛋白質。憑藉著將此等種子用本發明組合物或組成物處理,僅表現蛋白質,例如一殺昆蟲蛋白質,可控制特定蟲害。另人驚訝的,於此情況中可觀察到進一步之協同效應,其額外的提高保護功效以對抗蟲害之攻擊。 The compositions or compositions of the invention may also be used, inter alia, for the transfer of genetic seeds, which are also considered to be advantageous, in which case the plant from which the seed is grown may be a protein against pests. By treating such seeds with the compositions or compositions of the invention, only proteins, such as an insecticidal protein, can be manipulated to control specific pests. Surprisingly, further synergistic effects can be observed in this case, which additionally enhances the protective efficacy against attack by pests.

本發明組成物適用於保護任何植物品種之種子,其係用於農業,於溫室,於森林或於園藝及葡萄栽培。特別為穀物(如小麥,大麥,黑麥,小黑麥,高粱/粟及燕麥),玉米,棉,大豆,稻子,馬鈴薯,向日葵,豆子,咖啡,甜菜(例如糖用甜菜及飼料甜菜),花生,油菜,罌粟,橄欖,椰子,可哥(cocoa),甘蔗,菸草,蔬菜(如蕃茄,黃瓜,洋蔥及萵苣),草皮及觀賞植物(亦參見如下)之種子。處理穀物(如小麥,大麥,黑麥,小黑麥及燕麥),玉米及稻子之種子時特別顯著。特別佳為大豆種子。 The composition of the invention is suitable for protecting seeds of any plant variety, which is used in agriculture, in greenhouses, in forests or in horticulture and viticulture. Especially for cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, sorghum / millet and oats), corn, cotton, soybeans, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beets (such as sugar beets and fodder beets), Seeds of peanuts, canola, poppy, olives, coconut, cocoa, sugar cane, tobacco, vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), turf and ornamental plants (see also below). It is particularly significant when dealing with cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale and oats), corn and rice seeds. Especially good for soybean seeds.

如亦說明於下,以本發明混合物或組成物處理轉殖基因種子時特別顯著。此係關於含有至少一種異種基因之植物的種子,其允許表現具有殺昆蟲特性之多肽或蛋白質。該於轉殖基因種子之異種基因可起源,例如,於下列種類之微生物:芽孢桿菌,根瘤菌,假單胞菌,沙雷氏菌(Serratia),木黴菌,環腐病菌(Clavibacter),球囊黴或黏帚黴。此異種基因宜源自芽孢桿菌屬,於此情況中該基因產物係有效於對抗歐洲玉米螟及/或西方玉米根蟲。該異種基因更宜為源自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)。 As also indicated below, treatment of the transgenic seed with the mixture or composition of the invention is particularly significant. This relates to a seed of a plant containing at least one heterologous gene which allows expression of a polypeptide or protein having insecticidal properties. The heterologous gene of the gene of the transgenic gene may be derived, for example, from the following types of microorganisms: Bacillus, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Trichoderma, Clavibacter, Ball Capsule or sticky mold. This heterologous gene is preferably derived from the genus Bacillus, in which case the gene product is effective against European corn borer and/or western corn rootworm. The heterologous gene is preferably derived from Bacillus thuringiensis.

於本發明內文中,本發明組合物或組成物係單獨或於適當調配物中施用至種子。較佳者,該種子係於一狀況處理,其中,其係足夠穩定而於處理過程中無損害發生。通常,該種子可在採收及播種之間的任何時間處理。習慣上使用種子,其業已由植物分離出來且沒有果實之穗軸,殼,柄,外層,毛或果肉。例如,其亦可使用種子,其業已採收,清潔並乾燥至水分含量少於15重量%。或 者,其亦可使用種子,其於乾燥後,例如,用水處理且然後再次乾燥。 In the context of the present invention, the compositions or compositions of the present invention are applied to the seed, either alone or in a suitable formulation. Preferably, the seed is treated in a condition wherein it is sufficiently stable to occur without damage during processing. Typically, the seed can be processed at any time between harvesting and sowing. It is customary to use seeds that have been isolated from plants and have no cobs, shells, stalks, outer layers, hairs or flesh. For example, it may also use seeds which have been harvested, cleaned and dried to a moisture content of less than 15% by weight. Alternatively, it may also use seeds which are dried, for example, with water and then dried again.

於處理種子時,通常必須注意的是本發明組成物施用至種子的量及/或其他添加劑的量係經選擇使得種子之發芽不受損害,或所產生的植物不受損害。必須特別牢記的是於組合物或組成物之情況時,其可於特定施用率具有植物毒性效應。 In the treatment of seeds, it must generally be noted that the amount of the composition of the invention applied to the seed and/or the amount of other additives is selected such that the germination of the seed is not impaired or the resulting plant is not damaged. It must be especially borne in mind that in the case of a composition or composition, it may have a phytotoxic effect at a particular application rate.

本發明之組合物或組成物可直接施用,亦即不含有任何其他組成份且未經稀釋。通常,宜以適當調配物型式將組成物施用至種子。處理種子之適當調配物及方法係精於此方面技藝者已知且係說明於,例如,下列文獻中:US 4,272,417,US 4,245,432,US 4,808,430,US 5,876,739,US 2003/0176428 A1,WO 2002/080675,WO 2002/028186。 The compositions or compositions of the present invention can be applied directly, i.e., do not contain any other ingredients and are not diluted. Generally, the composition is preferably applied to the seed in a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and methods for treating seeds are well known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,272,417, 4,245,432, 4,808,430, 5,876,739, US 2003/0176428 A1, WO 2002/080675 , WO 2002/028186.

可根據本發明使用之組合物或組成物可轉化為習用種子敷料調配物,如溶液,乳化液,懸浮液,粉末,泡沫,漿料或其他種子包覆組成物,以及ULV調配物。 Compositions or compositions that can be used in accordance with the present invention can be converted into conventional seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating compositions, as well as ULV formulations.

這些調配物係依已知方式,藉由將活性組份與習用添加劑摻合而製備,例如習用延展劑以及溶劑或稀釋劑,染劑,濕潤劑,分散劑,乳化劑,消泡劑,防腐劑,第二增稠劑,膠粘劑,赤黴素以及水。 These formulations are prepared in a known manner by blending the active ingredient with conventional additives, such as conventional extenders and solvents or diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, and preservatives. Agent, second thickener, adhesive, gibberellin and water.

可根據本發明使用之可出現於種子敷料調配物之有用之染劑為所有習用於此目的之染劑。其亦可使用任何難溶於水之顏料或可溶於水之染劑。實例包括已知名為Rhodamine B,C.I.Pigment Red 112及C.I.溶劑Red 1之染劑。 Useful dyes which can be used in accordance with the invention to be present in seed dressing formulations are all dyes which are customary for this purpose. It can also be used with any water-insoluble pigment or water-soluble dye. Examples include known dyes known as Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之有用的濕潤劑為所有可促進濕潤性且習用於活性農化組份調配物之物質。宜為使用烷基萘磺酸鹽,如二異丙基或二異丁基萘磺酸鹽。 Useful humectants which may be used in accordance with the present invention which may be present in the seed dressing formulation are all materials which promote moisturization and are conventionally used in active agrochemical component formulations. It is preferred to use an alkylnaphthalenesulfonate such as diisopropyl or diisobutylnaphthalenesulfonate.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之有用的分散劑及/或乳化劑為所有習用於活性農化組份調配物之非離子性,陰離子性及陽離子性分散劑。可用者宜為非離子性或陰離子性分散劑或非離子性或陰離子性分散劑之組合物。適當的非離子性分散劑包括尤其是環氧乙烷/環氧丙烷嵌段聚合物,烷基苯酚聚乙二醇醚及三苯乙烯苯酚聚乙二醇醚,及其磷酸化或硫酸化之衍生物。適當的陰離子性分散劑尤其是木質素磺酸鹽,聚丙烯酸鹽及芳基磺酸鹽/甲醛縮合物。 Useful dispersing agents and/or emulsifiers which may be used in accordance with the invention in the form of seed dressing formulations are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersing agents which are customary in the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Suitable compositions are nonionic or anionic dispersing agents or nonionic or anionic dispersing agents. Suitable nonionic dispersants include, in particular, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristyrylphenol polyglycol ethers, and their phosphorylation or sulfation. derivative. Suitable anionic dispersants are, in particular, lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and arylsulfonate/formaldehyde condensates.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之消泡劑為所有習用於活性農化組份調配物的泡沫抑制物質。聚矽氧消泡劑及硬脂酸鎂可以優先使用。 Defoamers which may be used in accordance with the invention and which may be present in the seed dressing formulations are all suds suppressing substances which are customary for use in active agrochemical compositions. Polyoxygen defoamers and magnesium stearate can be used preferentially.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之防腐劑為所有於農化組成物中以此目的使用之物質。實例包括二氯酚及苄基醇半縮甲醛。 Preservatives which may be used in accordance with the invention which may be present in the seed dressing formulations are those which are used for this purpose in all agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophenol and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之第二增稠劑為所有於農化組成物中以此目的使用之物質。較佳之實例包括纖維素衍生物,丙烯酸衍生物,黃原膠,經改質之黏土及極度分散之矽石。 The second thickener which may be used in accordance with the invention and which may be present in the seed dressing formulation is one which is used for this purpose in all agrochemical compositions. Preferred examples include cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan gum, modified clays and extremely dispersed vermiculite.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之膠粘劑為所有使用於種子敷料產品之習用粘合劑。較佳之實例包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚醋酸乙烯酯,聚乙烯醇及纖基乙酸鈉。 Adhesives which may be used in accordance with the invention which may be present in the seed dressing formulation are all conventional binders used in seed dressing products. Preferred examples include polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium cresyl acetate.

可根據本發明使用之可存在於種子敷料調配物之赤黴素宜為赤黴素A1,A3(=赤黴酸),A4及A7;尤其最宜為使用赤黴酸。該赤黴素為已知(參見R.Wegler“Chemie der Pflanzenschutz-und Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel”[Chemistry of the Crop Protection Compositions and Pesticides],vol.2,Springer Verlag,1970,p. 401-412)。 The gibberellin which may be used in the preparation of the seed dressing according to the invention is preferably gibberellin A1, A3 (=gibberellic acid), A4 and A7; especially gibberellic acid is used. The gibberellins are known (see R. Wegler "Chemie der Pflanzenschutz-und Schädlings bekämpfungsmittel" [Chemistry of the Crop Protection Compositions and Pesticides], vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, p. 401-412).

可根據本發明使用之種子敷料調配物,可直接使用或事先用水稀釋後使用以處理任何廣大範圍之不同種子,其包括基因轉殖植物種子。於此情況中,與藉由表現所形成之物質的相互作用亦可產生額外的協同效應。 Seed dressing formulations which may be used in accordance with the present invention may be used either directly or after dilution with water to treat any broad range of different seeds, including genetically engineered plant seeds. In this case, an additional synergistic effect can also be produced by interaction with the substance formed by the expression.

以可根據本發明使用之種子敷料調配物處理種子,或藉由添加水而由其製備製劑時,可使用所有習用於種子敷料之混合單位。特別的,於種子敷料之過程係將種子置於混合器中,加入特定所要量之種子敷料調配物,抑或如此或於事前用水稀釋後,並將所有摻合直到調配物均勻分佈在種子上。如果適當,接著進行乾燥操作。 When the seed is treated with a seed dressing formulation that can be used in accordance with the present invention, or a formulation is prepared therefrom by the addition of water, all of the mixing units conventionally used for seed dressing can be used. In particular, in the process of seed dressing, the seed is placed in a mixer, and a specific amount of the seed dressing formulation is added, or so diluted or diluted with water beforehand, and all blended until the formulation is evenly distributed on the seed. If appropriate, then carry out the drying operation.

黴菌毒素(Mycotoxins)  Mycotoxins  

而且,本發明之處理可降低所採收物質及由其所製得之食物及飼料之黴菌毒素含量。黴菌毒素特別包括,但非侷限於下列者:嘔吐毒素(deoxynivalenol)(DON),雪腐鐮刀菌醇(nivalenol),15-Ac-DON,3-Ac-DON,T2-及HT2-毒素,伏馬毒素(fumonisins),玉米赤黴烯酮(zearalenon),串珠鐮刀(moniliformin),鐮刀菌素(fusarin),草鐮孢烯醇(diaceotoxyscirpenol)(DAS),白殭菌素(beauvericin),恩鐮孢菌素(enniatin),福斯普利夫諾(fusaroproliferin),福斯利諾(fusarenol),赭麯黴毒素(ochratoxins),展青黴素(patulin),麥角生物鹼(ergot alkaloids)及黃麴毒素(aflatoxins),其可由下列真菌製得,例如:鐮孢屬(Fusarium spec.),如銳頂鐮孢(F.acuminatum),亞洲鐮孢(F.asiaticum),蠶豆鐮孢(F.avenaceum),克魯克威爾鐮孢(F.crookwellense),大刀鐮孢(F.culmorum),禾本科鐮孢(F.graminearum)(小麥赤黴病菌(Gibberella zeae)),木賊鐮孢(F.equiseti),藤倉鐮孢(F.fujikoroi),香蕉鐮孢(F.musarum),尖鐮孢(F.oxysporum),再育鐮刀菌(F.proliferatum),早 熟禾鐮孢(F.poae),小麥冠腐病菌(F.pseudograminearum),接骨木鐮孢(F.sambucinum),藨草鐮孢(F.scirpi),半裸鐮孢(F.semitectum),腐皮鐮孢(F.solani),擬分支孢鐮孢(F.sporotrichoides),藍申閃鐮孢(F.langsethiae),亞黏團串珠鐮孢(F.subglutinans),三隔鐮孢(F.tricinctum),輪枝鐮孢等(F.verticillioides),以及曲黴屬(Aspergillus spec.),如黃曲黴(A.flavus),寄生曲黴(A.parasiticus),集峰麯黴(A.nomius),赭曲黴(A.ochraceus),棒黃曲黴(A.clavatus),土曲黴(A.terreus),雜色曲黴(A.versicolor),青黴屬(Penicillium spec.),如疣孢青黴(P.verrucosum),鮮綠青黴(P.viridicatum),橘青黴(P.citrinum),擴展青黴(P.expansum),棒形青黴(P.claviforme),婁地青黴(P.roqueforti),麥角屬(Claviceps spec.),如麥角菌(C.purpurea),梭形麥角(C.fusiformis),雀稗麥角(C.paspali),非洲麥角(C.africana),葡萄穗黴屬(Stachybotrys spec.)及其他。 Moreover, the treatment of the present invention can reduce the mycotoxin content of the harvested material and the food and feed produced therefrom. Mycotoxins include, but are not limited to, the following: deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2- and HT2-toxin, volts Fumonisins, zearalenon, moniliformin, fusarin, diaceotoxyscirpenol (DAS), beauvericin, 恩镰Enniatin, fusaroproliferin, wasarenol, ochratoxins, patulin, ergot alkaloids and safrole ( Aflatoxins), which can be prepared from the following fungi, for example: Fusarium spec., such as F. acuminatum, F. asiaticum, F. avenaceum, F. crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. graminearum (Gibberella zeae), F. equiseti , F. fujikoroi, F.musarum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, precocious F. poae, F. pseudodinearum, F. sambucinum, F. scirpi, F. semitectum, rot F. solani, F. sporotrichoides, F. langsethiae, F. subglutinans, F. tricinctum , F. verticillioides, and Aspergillus spec., such as A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. nomius, Aspergillus oryzae (A. nomius) A. ochraceus), A. clavatus, A. terreus, A. versicolor, Penicillium spec., such as P. verrucosum, fresh P. viridicatum, P. citrinum, P. expansum, P. claviforme, P. roqueforti, Claviceps spec. Such as C. purpurea, C. fusiformis, C. paspali, C. africana, Stachybotrys spec. other.

物質保護  Material protection  

本發明組合物或組成物或組成物亦可用來保護物質,以保護工業物質來對抗有害微生物之攻擊和破壞,例如真菌及昆蟲。 The compositions or compositions or compositions of the present invention may also be used to protect materials to protect industrial materials against attack and damage by harmful microorganisms, such as fungi and insects.

而且,本發明組合物或組成物可用作為防垢組成物,單獨或與他活性組份組合。 Moreover, the compositions or compositions of the present invention can be used as an anti-scaling composition, either alone or in combination with other active ingredients.

於本文中,應瞭解工業物質係指無生命的物質,其係製備來供工業使用。例如,藉由本發明組合物或組合物組成物保護以免除微生物改變或破壞之工業物質可為膠粘劑,粘膠,紙,壁紙及板子/紙板,紡織品,地毯,皮革,木材,纖維及組織,塗料及塑膠物品,冷卻潤滑劑及可被微生物感染或破壞之其他物質。部份生產工廠及建築物,例如冷卻水迴路,冷卻及加溫系統及通風及空調單位,其可因微生物增殖而受損而亦可提及在物質可保護的範圍內。於本發明範圍內之工業物質宜包含膠粘劑,膠水,紙及卡紙,皮革,木材,塗料,冷卻潤滑劑及熱傳導液,更宜為木材。 As used herein, it is understood that industrial matter refers to inanimate matter that is prepared for industrial use. For example, industrial materials protected by the compositions or compositions of the present invention to protect against microbial alteration or destruction can be adhesives, adhesives, paper, wallpaper and board/paperboard, textiles, carpets, leather, wood, fibers and tissues, coatings. And plastic articles, cooling lubricants and other substances that can be infected or destroyed by microorganisms. Some production plants and buildings, such as cooling water circuits, cooling and heating systems, and ventilation and air conditioning units, which may be damaged by microbial growth, may also be mentioned as being within the scope of material protection. Industrial materials within the scope of the present invention preferably comprise an adhesive, glue, paper and cardboard, leather, wood, paint, cooling lubricant and heat transfer fluid, more preferably wood.

本發明組合物或組成物可避免不良反應,如腐爛,腐朽,褪色,脫色或形成發黴。 The compositions or compositions of the present invention can avoid adverse reactions such as rot, decay, discoloration, discoloration or mold formation.

於處理木材之情況時,亦可使用根據本發明之組合物或組成物來對抗易於生長於木材上或內部之真菌性疾病。“木材”係指所有木材種類之型式,且所有擬用於建築之此等加工型式之木材,例如實木,高密度木材,膠合木,及夾板。根據本發明處理木材之方法主要包括與根據本發明之組合物或組成物接觸;此包括例如直接施用,噴灑,浸漬,注射或任何其他適當的方法。 In the case of wood treatment, the compositions or compositions according to the invention may also be used to combat fungal diseases which are readily grown on or in wood. “Wood” means the type of all wood species and all woods intended for use in the construction of such structures, such as solid wood, high density wood, wood, and plywood. The method of treating wood according to the present invention primarily comprises contacting the composition or composition according to the invention; this includes, for example, direct application, spraying, dipping, injecting or any other suitable method.

而且,本發明組合物或組成物可用來保護與鹽水或微鹹水接觸之物體,尤其是船體,篩網(screen),魚網,建築物,停泊處及信號系統免於發黴。 Moreover, the compositions or compositions of the present invention can be used to protect objects in contact with salt water or brackish water, particularly hulls, screens, fishing nets, buildings, berths and signal systems from mold.

本發明控制有害真菌之方法亦可使用來保護儲存物品。應瞭解儲存物品係指蔬菜或動物來源之天然物質或其加工品,其為天然來源,且其需要長期保護。蔬菜來源,例如植物或植物部份,如莖,葉片,球莖,種子,果實,穀物,之儲存物品可於剛採收時予以保護或於預乾燥,潤濕,粉碎,磨碎,按壓或焙燒加工之後予以保護。儲存物品亦包括木材,未加工,如建築木材,電線桿和障礙,或最終產物之型式,如傢俱。動物來源之儲存物品為,例如,獸皮,皮革,毛皮及毛髮。本發明組合物或組成物可避免不良反應,如腐爛,腐朽,褪色,脫色或形成發黴。 The method of the present invention for controlling harmful fungi can also be used to protect stored items. It should be understood that a stored item refers to a natural substance of vegetable or animal origin or a processed product thereof, which is a natural source and which requires long-term protection. Vegetable sources, such as plants or plant parts, such as stems, leaves, bulbs, seeds, fruits, grains, storage items can be protected at the time of harvest or pre-dried, wetted, crushed, ground, pressed or roasted Protected after processing. Stored items also include wood, unprocessed, such as construction timber, utility poles and barriers, or the type of final product, such as furniture. Storage items of animal origin are, for example, hides, leather, fur and hair. The compositions or compositions of the present invention can avoid adverse reactions such as rot, decay, discoloration, discoloration or mold formation.

能降解或改變工業物質之微生物包括,例如,細菌,真菌,酵母菌,藻類及黏菌生物。本發明混合物或組成物宜用來對抗真菌,尤其是黴菌,木材變色及木材破壞真菌(子囊菌綱,擔子菌綱,半知菌綱及接合菌綱),及對抗黏菌生物及藻類。實例包括下列屬之微生物:鏈格孢屬,如細極鏈格孢(Alternaria tenuis);曲黴屬,如黑曲黴(Aspergillus niger);毛殼屬(Chaetomium),如球毛殼(Chaetomium globosum);粉孢革菌屬(Coniophora),如粉孢革菌(Coniophora puetana);香菇屬(Lentinus),如虎皮香菇(Lentinus tigrinus);青黴屬,如灰綠青黴(Penicillium glaucum);多孔屬(Polyporus),如變色多孔菌(Polyporus versicolor);短梗黴屬(Aureobasidium),如出芽短梗黴(Aureobasidium pullulans);指疫黴屬(Sclerophoma),如松形指疫黴菌(Sclerophoma pityophila);木黴屬(Trichoderma),如綠木黴(Trichoderma viride);長喙殼屬(Ophiostoma spp.),甘藷長喙屬(Ceratocystis spp.),腐質黴屬(Humicola spp.),彼德殼屬(Petriella spp.),毛束黴屬(Trichurus spp.),革蓋束菌屬(Coriolus spp.),黏褶菌屬(Gloeophyllum spp.),側耳屬(Pleurotus spp.),臥孔屬(Poria spp.),色孢皺孔菌屬(Serpula spp.)及乾酪菌屬(Tyromyces spp.),枝胞屬(Cladosporium spp.),擬青黴屬(Paecilomyces spp.),毛黴屬(Mucor spp.),埃希氏菌屬,如大腸桿菌;假單胞菌屬,如銅綠假單胞菌;葡萄球菌屬,如金黃色葡萄球菌,假絲酵母屬(Candida spp.)及酵母屬,如釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisae)。 Microorganisms capable of degrading or altering industrial substances include, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae, and slime organisms. The mixtures or compositions of the invention are preferably used against fungi, especially molds, wood discoloration and wood-destroying fungi (Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes and Zygomycetes), and against slime organisms and algae. Examples include microorganisms of the genus Alternaria: such as Alternaria tenuis; Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger; Chaetomium, such as Chaetomium globosum; Coniophora, such as Coniophora puetana; Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrinus; Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum; Polyporus , such as Polyporus versicolor; Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans; Sclerophoma, such as Sclerophoma pityophila; Trichoderma (Trichoderma), such as Trichoderma viride; Ophiostoma spp., Ceratocystis spp., Humicola spp., Petriella spp .), Trichurus spp., Coriolus spp., Gloeophyllum spp., Pleurotus spp., Poria spp. , Seprpula spp. and Tyromyces spp. Cladosporium spp., Paecilomyces spp., Mucor spp., Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Candida spp. and Saccharomyces, such as Saccharomyces cerevisae.

抗黴菌活性  Antifungal activity  

而且,本發明組合物或組成物亦具有極佳之抗黴菌活性。其等具有非常廣闊之抗黴菌活性範圍,尤其是對抗皮黴菌及酵母菌,黴菌及兩相真菌(例如對抗假絲酵母屬,如白假絲酵母(C.albicans),光滑念珠菌(C.glabrata)),及絮狀表皮癬菌(Epidermophyton floccosum),曲黴菌屬,如黑曲黴(A.niger)及菸曲黴(A.fumigatus),毛癬菌屬(Trichophyton species),如須癬毛癬菌(T.mentagrophytes),小孢黴屬(Microsporon species)如犬小孢黴(M.canis)及石膏樣小芽胞菌(M.audouinii)。這些真菌之清單絕非構成所涵蓋真菌範圍之限制為,且僅係說明其特性。 Moreover, the compositions or compositions of the present invention also have excellent anti-fungal activity. They have a very broad range of antifungal activity, especially against dermatophytes and yeasts, molds and biphasic fungi (eg against Candida, such as C. albicans, Candida glabrata (C. Glabrata)), and Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus, such as A. niger and A. fumigatus, Trichophyton species, such as hairy mites T. mentagrophytes, Microsporon species such as M. canis and M. audaunii. The list of these fungi is by no means a limitation of the scope of the fungi covered, and only describes its characteristics.

因此,本發明組合物或組成物可應用在醫療及非醫療施用中。 Thus, the compositions or compositions of the invention are useful in both medical and non-medical applications.

基因改質之生物  Genetically modified organism  

如上所述,其可根據本發明處理所有植物及其部份。於較佳具體例中,係處理野生植物種類及植物栽培品種,或那些藉由習用生物培植法,如雜交或原生質體融合技術得到者,以及其部份。於進一步之較佳具體例中,係處理藉由基因工程法得到的基因轉殖植物及植物栽培品種,如果適當,與習用法組合(基因改質之生物),及其部份。“部份”或“植物之部份”或“植物部份”之詞業已闡明於上。更佳者,植物栽培品種之植物,其為市售可得者或以根據本發明處理而使用者。應瞭解植物栽培品種係指植物,其具有新穎特性("特點")且係藉由傳統培育,藉由誘變或藉由重組體DNA技藝而得到。其等可為栽培品種,品種,生物-或基因型。 As noted above, it is possible to treat all plants and parts thereof in accordance with the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, wild plant species and plant cultivars are treated, or those obtained by conventional biological cultivation methods, such as hybridization or protoplast fusion techniques, and portions thereof. In a further preferred embodiment, the genetically transformed plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering are treated, if appropriate, in combination with conventional use (genetically modified organisms), and portions thereof. The words "partial" or "part of the plant" or "plant part" have been clarified above. More preferably, the plant cultivar plant is either commercially available or user treated in accordance with the present invention. It is to be understood that plant cultivars refer to plants which have novel properties ("characteristics") and which are obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. They may be cultivars, varieties, organisms or genotypes.

根據本發明之處理方法可用來處理基因改質之生物(GMOs),如植物或種子。基因改質之植物(或基因轉殖植物)係為其中之異種基因業已穩定整合至染色體組中之植物。“異種基因”之表述主要係指一基因,其於植物外圍提供或聚集且當導入至核,葉綠粒或粒線體染色體組時,藉由表現感興趣的蛋白質或多肽或藉著向下調節或壓制存在於植物中之其他基因(類)(使用例如,反義技術,協同抑制機制技術,RNA干擾-RNAi-技術或microRNA-miRNA-技術)而得到轉殖植物新的或改良的農藝或其他特性。位於染色體組中之異種基因亦稱為轉殖基因。轉殖基因其係以其於植物染色體組中之特別位置而定義者稱為轉換或基因轉殖案例。 The treatment method according to the invention can be used to treat genetically modified organisms (GMOs) such as plants or seeds. A genetically modified plant (or a gene transfer plant) is a plant in which a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into a genome. The expression "heterologous gene" refers primarily to a gene that is provided or aggregated on the periphery of a plant and when introduced into the nucleus, chloroplast or mitochondrial genome, by expressing the protein or polypeptide of interest or by Regulate or suppress other genes (classes) present in plants (using, for example, antisense technology, synergistic inhibition mechanism technology, RNA interference-RNAi-technology or microRNA-miRNA-technology) to obtain new or improved agronomics of the transgenic plants Or other features. The heterologous gene located in the genome is also called a transgenic gene. Transgenic genes are defined by their particular location in the plant genome as a case of transformation or gene transfer.

根據植物種類或植物栽培品種,其等之位置及生長條件(土壤,氣候,生長期,養份攝取),根據本發明之處理亦可產生超高加成的(“協同”)效應。因此,例如,降低施用率及/或活性範圍擴大及/或根據本發明可使用之活性化合物及組成物之活性提高,植物生長較佳,對高溫或低溫的耐受性提高,對乾旱或對水分或土壤鹽 分含量之耐受性提高,開花表現提高,較易收成,加速熟成,收成產量較高,果實較大,植株高度較大,葉色較綠,較易開花,品質較高及/或採收產物的營養價值較高,果實內之糖濃度較高,採收產品之穩定性及/或收成產品之加工性較佳,其超過了實際所預期的效益。 Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location and growth conditions (soil, climate, growth period, nutrient uptake), the treatment according to the invention may also result in an ultra-high addition ("synergistic") effect. Thus, for example, the application rate and/or the range of activity is reduced and/or the activity of the active compounds and compositions which can be used according to the invention is increased, the plant growth is better, the tolerance to high or low temperatures is increased, to drought or to The tolerance of water or soil salinity is improved, the flowering performance is improved, the yield is easier to harvest, the ripening is accelerated, the yield is higher, the fruit is larger, the plant height is larger, the leaf color is greener, the flowering is easier, the quality is higher and/or The nutritive value of the harvested product is higher, the sugar concentration in the fruit is higher, the stability of the harvested product and/or the processability of the harvested product is better, which exceeds the actual expected benefit.

於特定施用率時,根據本發明之組合物或組成物亦可對於植物有強化作用。因此,其等亦適用來發動植物之防禦系統以對抗有害微生物之攻擊。其可,如果適當,為根據本發明之組合物或組成物之強化活性之一個原因,例如對抗真菌。應瞭解於本文中,植物-加強(抗性-誘發的)物質係指,該等物質或物質之組合物,其可以此等方式刺激植物之防禦系統,當隨即接種以有害微生物,該處理之植物對於這些微生物顯示相當程度之抗性。於本案中,應瞭解有害微生物係指植物病原性真菌,細菌及病毒。因此,根據本發明之組合物或組成物可於處理後一特定期間對抗上述病原菌使用來保護植物以免受攻擊。有效保護期間通常延長由1至10天,宜為1至7天,以用活性化合物處理植物後。 The compositions or compositions according to the invention may also have a potentiating effect on the plants at a particular application rate. Therefore, they are also suitable for launching plant defense systems against attacks by harmful microorganisms. It may, if appropriate, be one of the reasons for the potentiating activity of the composition or composition according to the invention, for example against fungi. It is to be understood herein that a plant-boost (resistance-induced) substance refers to a substance or combination of substances that can stimulate the plant's defense system in such a manner that when inoculated with harmful microorganisms, the treatment is Plants show considerable resistance to these microorganisms. In this case, it should be understood that harmful microorganisms refer to phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Thus, the compositions or compositions according to the present invention can be used against the above-mentioned pathogens to protect plants from attack during a specific period of treatment. The period of effective protection is usually extended from 1 to 10 days, preferably from 1 to 7 days, after treatment of the plant with the active compound.

宜根據本發明處理之植物及植物栽培品種包括具有授予至此等植物特別有利,有用特點之基因物質之所有的植物(無論係藉由培育及/或生物科技方式獲得)。 Plants and plant cultivars which are suitable for treatment according to the invention include all plants (whether obtained by culturing and/or biotechnological means) having genetic material conferring particularly advantageous and useful characteristics to such plants.

亦宜根據本發明處理之植物及植物栽培品種為對抗一種或多種生物壓力具抗性者,亦即該植物於對抗動物及微生物蟲害,如對抗線蟲,昆蟲,蟎蟲,植物病原性真菌,細菌,病毒及/或類病毒顯示較佳的防禦。 Plants and plant cultivars which are also suitable for treatment according to the invention are resistant to one or more bio-resistances, ie the plants are resistant to animal and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, Viruses and/or viroids show better defense.

線蟲或昆蟲抗性植物之實例係說明於如美國專利申請案11/765,491,11/765,494,10/926,819,10/782,020,12/032,479,10/783,417,10/782,096,11/657,964,12/192,904,11/396,808, 12/166,253,12/166,239,12/166,124,12/166,209,11/762,886,12/364,335,11/763,947,12/252,453,12/209,354,12/491,396,12/497,221,12/644,632,12/646,004,12/701,058,12/718,059,12/721,595,12/638,591。 Examples of nematode or insect resistant plants are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Application Serial Nos. 11/765,491, 11/765,494, 10/926,819, 10/782,020, 12/032,479, 10/783,417, 10/782,096, 11/657,964, 12/ 192,904,11/396,808, 12/166,253,12/166,239,12/166,124,12/166,209,11/762,886,12/364,335,11/763,947,12/252,453,12/209,354,12/491,396,12/497,221, 12/644, 632, 12/646, 004, 12/701, 058, 12/718, 059, 12/721, 595, 12/638, 591.

亦宜根據本發明處理之植物及植物栽培品種為那些對抗一種或多種非生物壓力具抗性之植物。非生物壓力條件可包括,例如,乾旱,冷溫暴露,熱暴露,滲透壓力,洪水,土壤鹽度增加,對礦物暴露增加,臭氧暴露,強光暴露,有限的氮養分可利用性,有限的磷養分可利用性,避免遮光。 Plants and plant cultivars which are also suitable for treatment according to the invention are those which are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions can include, for example, drought, cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic pressure, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased exposure to minerals, ozone exposure, glare exposure, limited nitrogen nutrient availability, limited Phosphorus nutrient availability to avoid shading.

亦可根據本發明處理之植物及植物栽培品為那些以產量增強為特徴之植物。可於該植物中提高產量者為例如,改善植物生理,生長及發展的結果,如水之使用效率,水之停滯效益,改良氮使用,增強碳吸收,改進光合作用,提高發芽效率及加速成熟。再者,產量可被改良之植物構造所影響(於壓力及非-壓力條件下),包括但非侷限於,提早開花,於混種種子生產時之開花控制,種苗茁壯,植株大小,節間數目及節間長度,根系生長,種子大小,果實大小,莢果大小,莢果數或穗數,每個莢果或每穗之種子數,種子粒重,增強種子飽實,降低種子稀疏,降低裂莢及抗倒伏。其他產量特點包含種子組成物,如碳水化合物含量,蛋白質含量,油含量及組成物,營養價值,降低抗-營養化合物,改善可加工性及儲存穩定性較佳。 Plants and plant cultivations which may also be treated according to the invention are those which are characterized by increased yield. Those who can increase yield in the plant are, for example, improving plant physiology, growth and development results, such as water use efficiency, water stagnation benefits, improved nitrogen use, enhanced carbon absorption, improved photosynthesis, improved germination efficiency, and accelerated maturation. Furthermore, yield can be affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including but not limited to, early flowering, flowering control during mixed seed production, seedling growth, plant size, internodes Number and internode length, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod number or number of panicles, number of seeds per pod or per ear, seed weight, enhanced seed satiety, reduced seed sparseness, reduced split pods And lodging resistance. Other yield characteristics include seed compositions such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduced anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and storage stability.

可根據本發明處理之植物為業已表現出混種優勢特性或混種強勢之混種植物,其通常導致較高的產量,強健活力,健康且對於生物及非生物壓力因數具抗性。此等植物典型地係藉著將近親交配之雄性-不育的親系(雌性親系)與另一個近親交配之雄性-不育的親系(雄性親系)雜合而得。混種種子典型地係從雄性不育的植物 中收成且售予種植者。雄性不育植物有時(如於玉米)可藉著去除穗狀雄花,亦即以機械法移除雄性之生殖器官(或雄花)而產生,但更典型的是,雄性不育是植物染色體組中之基因決定因素所造成。於該情況中,且尤其當種子是從混種植物中收成想要的產物時,其典型地有用於確信混種植物中之雄性受精率係全部經修復的。此可藉著確信能夠修復具有適當受精率修復基因之雄親,其能夠修復含有對雄性-不育負責之基因決定因素之混種植物中的雄性受精率來完成。雄性不育之基因決定因素可位於細胞質中。細胞質雄性不育(CMS)之實例為例如說明於蕓苔屬中(WO 92/05251,WO 95/09910,WO 98/27806,WO 05/002324,WO 06/021972及US 6,229,072)。然而,雄性不育之基因決定因素亦可位於核染色體組中。雄性不育之植物亦可藉由植物生物科技方法如基因工程而獲得。獲得雄性-不育之植物特別有用的方法係說明於WO 89/10396中,其中,例如,核醣核酸酶如如芽孢桿菌RNA酶(barnase)於雄蕊中係選擇性表現於脈絡膜細胞中。然後受精率可藉著於核醣核酸酶抑制劑之脈絡膜細胞中表現而修復,如芽孢桿菌RNA酶抑制劑(barstar)(如WO 91/02069)。 Plants that can be treated in accordance with the present invention are mixed plants that have exhibited mixed seed characteristics or mixed strength, which generally result in higher yield, robustness, health and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Such plants are typically obtained by intermingling a male-sterile parent (female kinship) mated by a close relative with a male-sterile parent (male brood) mating with another close relative. Mixed seeds are typically harvested from male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterile plants (eg, in corn) can be produced by removing spike-like male flowers, that is, mechanically removing male reproductive organs (or male flowers), but more typically, male sterility is a plant genome. Caused by genetic determinants. In this case, and especially when the seed is harvested from the mixed plant, it is typically used to ensure that the male fertilization rate in the mixed plant is fully repaired. This can be accomplished by convincing that males with the appropriate fertilization rate repair gene can repair male fertilization rates in mixed plants containing genetic determinants responsible for male-sterility. The genetic determinant of male sterility can be located in the cytoplasm. Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) are for example described in Brassica (WO 92/05251, WO 95/09910, WO 98/27806, WO 05/002324, WO 06/021972 and US 6,229,072). However, the genetic determinants of male sterility can also be located in the nuclear genome. Male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering. A particularly useful method for obtaining male-sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396, wherein, for example, a ribonuclease such as, for example, a barnase, is selectively expressed in choroidal cells in the stamens. The fertilization rate can then be repaired by expression in choroidal cells of ribonuclease inhibitors, such as barstar ribozyme inhibitors (e.g., WO 91/02069).

可根據本發明處理之植物或植物栽培品種(得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程)為耐除草劑植物,亦即對於一種或多種給定之除草劑具有耐性之植物。此等植物可藉著基因轉化,或藉著選擇含有授予此等耐受除草劑之突變之植物而獲得。 Plants or plant cultivars (from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which can be treated according to the invention are herbicide tolerant plants, i.e. plants which are resistant to one or more of the given herbicides. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations conferring such tolerant herbicides.

抗除草劑植物為例如耐草甘膦(Glyphosate)植物,亦即植物對除草劑草甘膦或其鹽類具有耐性。植物可經由不同的方式對於草甘膦具有耐性。例如,耐草甘膦植物可藉著將具有基因編碼酵素5-烯醇丙烯酮莽草酸鹽(enolpyruvylshikimate)-3-磷酸鹽合成酶(EPSPS)之植物轉化而獲得。此等EPSPS基因之實例為鼠傷寒沙門 氏桿菌之AroA基因(突變種CT7)(Science 1983,221,370-371),桿菌農桿菌(Agrobacterium sp.)之CP4基因(Curr.Topics Plant Physiol.1992,7,139-145),基因編碼矮牽牛屬EPSPS(Science 1986,233,478-481),蕃茄EPSPS(J.Biol.Chem.1988,263,4280-4289),或牛筋草EPSPS(WO 01/66704)。其亦可為突變的EPSPS,如說明於例如EP 0837944,WO 00/66746,WO 00/66747或WO 02/26995。耐草甘膦植物亦可藉著表現編碼草甘膦氧化-還原酶酵素之基因而獲得,如說明於US 5,776,760及US 5,463,175。耐草甘膦植物亦可藉著表現編碼草甘膦乙醯基轉化酶酵素之基因而獲得,如說明於例如WO 02/036782,WO 03/092360,WO 2005/012515及WO 2007/024782。耐草甘膦植物亦可藉著選擇含有上述基因之自然-生成突變之植物而獲得,如說明於例如WO 01/024615或WO 03/013226。表現賦予草甘膦耐性之EPSPS基因的植物係說明於如美國專利申請案11/517,991,10/739,610,12/139,408,12/352,532,11/312,866,11/315,678,12/421,292,11/400,598,11/651,752,11/681,285,11/605,824,12/468,205,11/760,570,11/762,526,11/769,327,11/769,255,11/943801或12/362,774。包含其他賦予草甘膦耐性之基因的植物,如脫羧酶基因,係說明於如美國專利申請案11/588,811,11/185,342,12/364,724,11/185,560或12/423,926。 The herbicide-tolerant plant is, for example, a glyphosate-tolerant plant, that is, the plant is resistant to the herbicide glyphosate or a salt thereof. Plants can be resistant to glyphosate in different ways. For example, a glyphosate-tolerant plant can be obtained by transforming a plant having the gene encoding the enzyme 5-enol pyrone oxalate oxalate (EPSP). Examples of such EPSPS genes are the AroA gene of Salmonella typhimurium (mutant CT7) (Science 1983, 221, 370-371), and the CP4 gene of Agrobacterium sp. (Curr. Topics Plant Physiol. 1992). , 7, 139-145), gene encoding petunia EPSPS (Science 1986, 233, 478-481), tomato EPSPS (J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263, 4280-4289), or Goosegrass EPSPS (WO 01/66704). It can also be a mutated EPSPS, as described, for example, in EP 0837944, WO 00/66746, WO 00/66747 or WO 02/26995. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by the expression of a gene encoding a glyphosate oxidoreductase, as described in US 5,776,760 and US 5,463,175. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by the expression of a gene encoding a glyphosate acetyl-transferase enzyme, as described, for example, in WO 02/036782, WO 03/092360, WO 2005/012515 and WO 2007/024782. Glyphosate-tolerant plants can also be obtained by selecting plants containing the naturally occurring-producing mutations of the above genes, as described, for example, in WO 01/024615 or WO 03/013226. Plant lines which exhibit glyphosate tolerance to the EPSPS gene are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Application Serial Nos. 11/517,991, 10/739, 610, 12/139,408, 12/352, 532, 11/312, 866, 11/315, 678, 12/421, 292, 11/400, 598. , 11/651, 752, 11/681, 285, 11/605, 824, 12/468, 205, 11/760, 570, 11/762, 526, 11/769, 327, 11/769, 255, 11/943801 or 12/362, 774. Plants comprising other genes that confer glyphosate tolerance, such as the decarboxylase gene, are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Application Serial Nos. 11/588,811, 11/185,342, 12/364,724, 11/185,560 or 12/423,926.

其他抗除草劑植物為例如對於抑制穀胺醯胺酶合成酶之除草劑,如雙丙胺磷,膦絲菌素或草胺膦具抗性之植物。此等植物可藉著表現將除草劑解毒之酵素或表現對抑制具抗性之突變種谷醯胺合成酶酵素而獲得,如說明於美國專利申請案11/760,602。一個此等有效的解毒酶為一編碼膦絲菌素乙醯轉化酶(如來自鏈黴菌之棒(bar)或塊(pat)蛋白質)之酵素。表現外源性膦絲菌素乙醯轉化酶之植物為例如說明於美國專利案5,561,236;5,648,477;5,646,024; 5,273,894;5,637,489;5,276,268;5,739,082;5,908,810及7,112,665者。 Other herbicide resistant plants are, for example, plants which are resistant to herbicides which inhibit glutamine enzyme synthetase, such as dipropylamine, phosphinothricin or glufosinate. Such plants may be obtained by an enzyme which exhibits detoxification of the herbicide or a mutant glutamine synthetase enzyme which is resistant to inhibition, as described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/760,602. One such effective detoxifying enzyme is an enzyme encoding a phosphinothricin acetamyltransferase such as a bar or pat protein from Streptomyces. Plants which exhibit exogenous phosphinothricin acetamyl converting enzyme are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,561,236, 5,648,477, 5,646,024, 5,273,894, 5,637,489, 5,276,268, 5,739,082, 5,908,810 and 7,112,665.

其他耐除草劑植物亦為植物對於抑制羥基苯基丙酮酸雙加氧酶(HPPD)之除草劑具有耐性之植物。HPPD為催化其中對-羥基苯基丙酮酸鹽(HPP)轉化成高龍膽酸鹽之反應的酵素。耐HPPD-抑制劑植物可用基因編碼天然-生成之抗HPPD酵素,或基因編碼突變或嵌合之HPPD酵素而轉化,如說明於WO 96/38567,WO 99/24585,WO 99/24586,WO 09/144079,WO 02/046387,或US 6,768,044。對HPPD-抑制劑之耐受性亦可藉著將具有基因編碼特定能夠形成高龍膽酸鹽之酵素的轉化植物而獲得,不管HPPD-抑制劑對天然HPPD酵素的抑制性。此等植物及基因係說明於WO 99/34008及WO 02/36787。除了對於基因編碼耐HPPD酶,植物對於HPPD抑制劑之耐受性易亦可藉著將植物用基因編碼具有預苯酸鹽脫氫酶(PDH)活性之酶轉化而改善,如說明於WO 04/024928。再者,植物可藉由添加一編碼能夠代謝或降解HPPD抑制劑之酶的基因至其等之染色體組中,如該顯示於WO 2007/103567及WO 2008/150473之CYP450酶,而對HPPD-抑制劑除草劑具更大耐性。 Other herbicide tolerant plants are also plants which are tolerant to plants inhibiting the hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) herbicide. HPPD is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction in which p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is converted to homogentisate. An HPPD-inhibiting plant can be transformed with a gene encoding a native-generated anti-HPPD enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutant or chimeric HPPD enzyme, as described in WO 96/38567, WO 99/24585, WO 99/24586, WO 09 /144079, WO 02/046387, or US 6,768,044. Tolerance to HPPD-inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants having genes encoding specific enzymes capable of forming gentisate, regardless of the inhibitory effect of HPPD-inhibitors on native HPPD enzymes. Such plants and gene lines are described in WO 99/34008 and WO 02/36787. In addition to genetically encoding HPPD-resistant enzymes, plant tolerance to HPPD inhibitors can also be improved by transforming plants with enzymes encoding prephenate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, as described in WO 04. /024928. Further, the plant can be added to the genome of the genome by adding a gene encoding an enzyme capable of metabolizing or degrading the HPPD inhibitor, such as the CYP450 enzyme shown in WO 2007/103567 and WO 2008/150473, and to HPPD- Inhibitor herbicides are more resistant.

仍有其他抗除草劑植物為對乙醯乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制劑具有耐性之植物。已知ALS-抑制劑包含,例如,磺醯脲,咪唑啉酮,三唑並嘧啶,嘧啶基氧基(硫代)苯甲酸鹽,及/或磺醯胺基羰基三唑啉酮除草劑。已知於ALS酶(亦已知為乙醯羥基酸合成酶,AHAS)之不同突變係賦予耐性至不同除草劑及除草劑組,如說明於例如Tranel and Wright(Weed Science 2002,50,700-712),但亦於美國專利案5,605,011,5,378,824,5,141,870,及5,013,659。耐磺醯脲植物及耐咪唑啉酮植物之生產係說明於美國專利案5,605,011;5,013,659;5,141,870;5,767,361;5,731,180;5,304,732;4,761,373; 5,331,107;5,928,937;及5,378,824;及WO 96/33270。其他耐咪唑啉酮植物亦係說明於例如WO 2004/040012,WO 2004/106529,WO 2005/020673,WO 2005/093093,WO 2006/007373,WO 2006/015376,WO 2006/024351,及WO 2006/060634。其他耐磺醯脲及耐咪唑啉酮植物亦係說明於例如WO 2007/024782及美國專利申請案61/288958。 Still other herbicide resistant plants are plants that are resistant to acetate lactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. ALS-inhibitors are known to comprise, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidine, pyrimidinyloxy(thio)benzoate, and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicide . Different mutant lines known to be ALS enzymes (also known as acetamidine hydroxyacid synthase, AHAS) confer tolerance to different herbicide and herbicide groups, as described, for example, in Tranel and Wright (Weed Science 2002, 50, 700- 712), but also in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,605,011, 5,378,824, 5,141,870, and 5,013,659. The production of a sulfonium-resistant urethrazole-resistant plant and an imidazolinone-resistant plant is described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,605,011, 5,013,659, 5,141,870, 5,767,361, 5,731,180, 5,304,732, 4,761,373, 5,331,107, 5,928,937, and 5,378,824, and WO 96/33270. Other imidazolinone-resistant plants are also described, for example, in WO 2004/040012, WO 2004/106529, WO 2005/020673, WO 2005/093093, WO 2006/007373, WO 2006/015376, WO 2006/024351, and WO 2006/ 060634. Other sulfonylurea-resistant and imidazolinone-resistant plants are also described, for example, in WO 2007/024782 and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/288,958.

其他耐咪唑啉酮及/或磺醯脲植物可藉由引發之誘變,於除草劑存在之下於細胞培養中選擇或突變育種而得到,如說明於例如,大豆於US 5,084,082,稻子於WO 97/41218,糖用甜菜於US 5,773,702及WO 99/057965,萵苣於US 5,198,599,或向日葵於WO 01/065922。 Other imidazolinone- and/or sulfonamide-resistant plants can be obtained by inducing mutagenesis, selection or mutation breeding in cell culture in the presence of a herbicide, as illustrated, for example, in US 5,084,082, and in rice. 97/41218, sugar beet in US 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965, lettuce in US 5,198,599, or sunflower in WO 01/065922.

其他耐咪唑啉酮及/或磺醯脲之植物可藉由引發之誘變,於除草劑存在之下於細胞培養中選擇或突變育種而得到,如說明於例如,大豆於US 5,084,082,稻子於WO 97/41218,糖用甜菜於US 5,773,702及WO 99/057965,萵苣於US 5,198,599,或向日葵於WO 01/065922。 Other imidazolinone- and/or sulfonylurea-derived plants can be obtained by inducing mutagenesis, selection or mutation breeding in cell culture in the presence of a herbicide, as illustrated, for example, in US 5,084,082, Rice. WO 97/41218, sugar beet is used in US 5,773,702 and WO 99/057965, lettuce is in US 5,198,599, or sunflower is in WO 01/065922.

植物或植物栽培品種(得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),其亦可根據本發明處理,為抗昆蟲基因轉殖植物,亦即對於特定標靶昆蟲之攻擊具有抗性之植物。此等植物可得自基因轉化,或選擇含有賦予此等昆蟲抗性之突變的植物。 A plant or plant cultivar (derived from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering), which may also be treated according to the invention, is an insect-resistant genetically transgenic plant, i.e. a plant that is resistant to attack by a particular target insect. Such plants may be obtained from genetic transformation or selection of plants containing mutations conferring resistance to such insects.

本文中所使用之“昆蟲抗性基因轉殖植物”,包含任何含有至少一種包含編碼序列編碼之轉殖基因的植物: An "insect resistance gene transfer plant" as used herein, comprising any plant comprising at least one of a transgene encoding a coding sequence:

1)來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌之殺昆蟲結晶蛋白質或其殺昆蟲部份,如Crickmore等所列之殺昆蟲結晶蛋白質(1998,Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,62:807-813),由Crickmore等更新(2005)於蘇雲金芽孢桿菌毒素命名,網路上:http://www.Lifesci.Sussex. Ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/),或其殺昆蟲部份,如,Cry蛋白質類Cry1Ab,Cry1Ac,Cry1B,Cry1C,Cry1D,Cry1F,Cry2Ab,Cry3Aa,或Cry3Bb或其殺昆蟲部份(如EP-A 1 999 141及WO 2007/107302)之蛋白質,或此等藉由合成基因編碼之蛋白質,如說明於美國專利申請案12/249,016;或 1) an insecticidal crystalline protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis or an insecticidal fraction thereof, such as the insecticidal crystalline protein listed in Crickmore et al. (1998, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62: 807-813), updated by Crickmore et al. (2005) Named after the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, on the Internet: http://www.Lifesci.Sussex. Ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/), or its insecticidal parts, eg, Cry protein Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1B , Cry1C, Cry1D, Cry1F, Cry2Ab, Cry3Aa, or Cry3Bb or a protein thereof (eg, EP-A 1 999 141 and WO 2007/107302), or a protein encoded by a synthetic gene, as illustrated US Patent Application 12/249,016; or

2)來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌之結晶蛋白質或其部份,其在來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌或其部份之第二個其他結晶蛋白質存在之下為殺昆蟲劑,如由Cry34及Cry35結晶蛋白質所構成之二元毒素(Nat.Biotechnol.2001,19,668-72;Applied Environm.Microbiol.2006,71,1765-1774)或由Cry1A或Cry1F蛋白質及Cry2Aa或Cry2Ab或Cry2Ae蛋白質所構成之二元毒素(美國專利申請案12/214,022及EP-A 2 300 618);或 2) a crystalline protein or a part thereof from Bacillus thuringiensis which is an insecticide in the presence of a second other crystalline protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or a part thereof, such as a crystal protein composed of Cry34 and Cry35 Metatoxin (Nat. Biotechnol. 2001, 19, 668-72; Applied Environm. Microbiol. 2006, 71, 1765-1774) or a binary toxin composed of Cry1A or Cry1F protein and Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein (US patent) Application 12/214,022 and EP-A 2 300 618); or

3)混種殺昆蟲蛋白質,其包含來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌不同殺昆蟲結晶蛋白質的部份,如前文1)之蛋白質混種或前文2)之蛋白質混種,如由玉米案例MON89034所產生之Cry1A.105蛋白質(WO 2007/027777);或 3) Mixed insecticidal protein comprising a portion derived from different insecticidal crystalline proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis, such as the protein hybrid of the above 1) or the protein mixture of the foregoing 2), such as Cry1A produced by the corn case MON89034. 105 protein (WO 2007/027777); or

4)上述1)至3)之任意一個蛋白質,其中一些,特別為1至10個,胺基酸被另一個胺基酸代替而對於目標昆蟲種類得到較高的殺昆蟲活性,及/或擴大受影響標的昆蟲種之範圍,及/或因為於轉殖或轉型時編碼DNA中所導入之改變,如於玉米案例MON863或MON88017中之Cry3Bb1蛋白質,或於玉米案例MIR604中之Cry3A蛋白質;或 4) Any one of the above 1) to 3), some of which are, in particular, 1 to 10, and the amino acid is replaced by another amino acid to obtain higher insecticidal activity for the target insect species, and/or to expand The range of affected species of insects, and/or because of changes introduced in the coding DNA during transfection or transformation, such as the Cry3Bb1 protein in maize case MON863 or MON88017, or the Cry3A protein in maize case MIR604; or

5)來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌或蠟狀芽孢桿菌之殺昆蟲隱藏性蛋白質,或其殺昆蟲部份,如列舉於下之植物性殺昆蟲蛋白質(VIP):http://www.Lifesci.Sussex.Ac.uk/home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html,如,來自VIP3Aa蛋白質等級之蛋白質;或 5) Insect-trapping proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, or insecticidal parts thereof, such as the plant-based insecticidal protein (VIP) listed below: http://www.Lifesci.Sussex.Ac .uk/home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html, for example, a protein from the VIP3Aa protein grade; or

6)來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌或蠟狀芽孢桿菌之隱藏性蛋白質,其於來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌或蠟狀芽孢桿菌第二種隱藏性蛋白質,如由VIP1A及VIP2A蛋白質所構成之二元毒素,存在之下具殺昆蟲性(WO 94/21795);或 6) a hidden protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, which is present in the presence of a second hidden protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as a binary toxin composed of VIP1A and VIP2A proteins. Insecticidal (WO 94/21795); or

7)混種殺昆蟲蛋白質,其包含來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌或蠟狀芽孢桿菌之不同隱藏性蛋白質之部份,如前文1)中之蛋白質混種或前文2)中之蛋白質混種;或 7) a hybrid insecticidal protein comprising a portion of a different concealed protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, such as a protein hybrid in the above 1) or a protein mixture in the foregoing 2);

8)上述5)至7)中之任一種蛋白質,其中一些,特別為1至10個,胺基酸被另一個胺基酸代替而對於標的昆蟲種類得到較高的殺昆蟲活性,及/或擴大受影響標的昆蟲種類範圍,及/或因為於轉殖或轉換時編碼DNA中所導入之改變(雖然仍編碼殺昆蟲蛋白質),如棉花案例COT102中之VIP3Aa蛋白質;或 8) any one of the above 5) to 7), some of which are, in particular, 1 to 10, the amino acid being replaced by another amino acid to give higher insecticidal activity to the target insect species, and/or Expanding the range of insect species affected by the target, and/or because of changes introduced in the coding DNA during translocation or transformation (although still encoding insecticidal proteins), such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton case COT102; or

9)來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌或蠟狀芽孢桿菌之隱藏性蛋白質,其於來自蘇雲金芽孢桿菌之結晶蛋白質,如由VIP3及Cry1A或Cry1F所構成之二元毒素(美國專利申請案61/126083及61/195019),或由VIP3蛋白質及Cry2Aa或Cry2Ab或Cry2Ae蛋白質所構成之二元毒素存在之下為殺昆蟲劑(美國專利申請案12/214,022及EP-A 2 300 618)。 9) A hidden protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus, which is a crystalline protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as a binary toxin composed of VIP3 and Cry1A or Cry1F (US Patent Application No. 61/126083 and 61/) 195019), or a binary toxin consisting of a VIP3 protein and a Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein, is an insecticide (U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/214,022 and EP-A 2 300 618).

10)前文9)之蛋白質,其中一些,特別為1至10個,胺基酸被另一個胺基酸代替而得到對於標的昆蟲種類較高的殺昆蟲活性,及/或擴大受影響標的昆蟲種類之範圍,及/或因為於轉殖或轉型時編碼DNA中所導入之改變(同時仍然編碼殺昆蟲蛋白質)。 10) The proteins of the foregoing 9), some of which are specifically 1 to 10, the amino acid being replaced by another amino acid to obtain higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species, and/or to expand the affected insect species The extent and/or because of the alteration introduced in the coding DNA during transfection or transformation (while still encoding the insecticidal protein).

當然,一昆蟲抗性基因轉殖植物,如本文中所使用,亦包括任何植物,其包含編碼上述等級1至10中之任一種蛋白質之基因組合物。於一個具體例中,抗昆蟲植物含有多於一個編碼上述等級1至10中任一種蛋白質的轉殖基因,當使用針對不同標的昆蟲種 類之不同蛋白質時以擴大受影響標的昆蟲種類之範圍,,或藉由使用針對相同標的昆蟲種類但具有不同作用模式(如結合至昆蟲之不同受體的結合位置)之不同蛋白質延緩植物之昆蟲抗性發展,。 Of course, an insect resistance gene transgenic plant, as used herein, also includes any plant comprising a genetic composition encoding any of the above grades 1 to 10. In one embodiment, the insect-resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any of the above grades 1 to 10, and when different proteins of different target insect species are used to expand the range of the affected insect species, The development of insect resistance in plants is delayed by the use of different proteins directed against the same target insect species but having different modes of action, such as binding sites that bind to different receptors of the insect.

本文中使用之“抗昆蟲基因轉殖植物”,進一步包括含有至少一個轉殖基因之任何植物,其包含一於表現時產生雙股RNA之序列,其於被植物昆蟲害蟲攝取時可抑制此昆蟲害蟲之生長,如說明於WO 2007/080126,WO 2006/129204,WO 2007/074405,WO 2007/080127及WO 2007/035650。 As used herein, an "insect-resistant gene-transgenic plant" further includes any plant comprising at least one transgenic gene comprising a sequence which, when expressed, produces a double-stranded RNA which inhibits the insect when ingested by a plant insect pest The growth of pests is described in WO 2007/080126, WO 2006/129204, WO 2007/074405, WO 2007/080127 and WO 2007/035650.

植物或植物栽培品種(得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),其亦可根據本發明來處理,係為耐非生物壓力。此等植物可藉由基因轉化,或藉由選擇含有賦予此等抗壓之變異的植物而得到。特別有用之耐壓植物包括: Plant or plant cultivars (derived from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering), which may also be treated in accordance with the present invention, are resistant to abiotic stress. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such resistance. Particularly useful pressure-resistant plants include:

1)植物,其含有能降低聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶(PARP)基因於植物細胞或植物表現及/或活性之轉殖基因,如說明於WO 00/04173,WO 2006/045633,EP-A 1 807 519,或EP-A 2 018 431。 1) A plant comprising a transgenic gene capable of reducing the expression and/or activity of a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) gene in a plant cell or plant, as described in WO 00/04173, WO 2006/045633, EP- A 1 807 519, or EP-A 2 018 431.

2)植物,其含有能降低植物或植物細胞之PARG編碼基因之表現及/或活性之耐壓增強轉殖基因,如說明於WO 2004/090140。 2) A plant comprising a pressure-tolerant transgenic gene capable of reducing the expression and/or activity of a PARG-encoding gene of a plant or plant cell, as described in WO 2004/090140.

3)植物,其含有編碼菸醯胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸補救合成途徑之植物功能酶的耐壓增強轉殖基因,其包含菸醯胺酶,菸酸鹽磷酸核糖轉化酶,菸酸單核苷酸腺嘌呤轉化酶,菸醯胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸合成酶或菸醯胺磷酸核糖轉化酶,如說明於EP-A 1 794 306,WO 2006/133827,WO 2007/107326,EP-A 1 999 263,或WO 2007/107326。 3) A plant having a pressure-enhancing transgenic gene encoding a plant functional enzyme encoding a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide rescue synthesis pathway, comprising nicotinamide, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, niacin mononuclear Adenine indole converting enzyme, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthetase or nicotinamide phosphoribosyl converting enzyme, as described in EP-A 1 794 306, WO 2006/133827, WO 2007/107326, EP-A 1 999 263, or WO 2007/107326.

植物或植物栽培品種(得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),其亦可根據本發明來處理,顯示採收產品的改變之量,品質及/或儲存安定性及/或改變了的採收產品之特定組份的特性,如: Plant or plant cultivar (derived from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering), which may also be treated in accordance with the present invention, showing the amount of change in the harvested product, quality and/or storage stability and/or altered harvesting. The characteristics of a particular component of the product, such as:

1)基因轉殖植物,其合成了經改質之澱粉,其在其等之物化特點上,特別是直鏈澱粉含量或直鏈澱粉/支鏈澱粉比率,分支程度,平均鏈長,側鏈分佈,黏度特性,膠凝強度,澱粉粒大小及/或澱粉粒形態,與野生型植物細胞或植物中所合成之澱粉相較時已改變,因此,此更適合於特殊用途。該合成經改質之澱粉的基因轉殖植物係說明於,例如,EP-A 0 571 427,WO 95/04826,EP-A 0 719 338,WO 96/15248,WO 96/19581,WO 96/27674,WO 97/11188,WO 97/26362,WO 97/32985,WO 97/42328,WO 97/44472,WO 97/45545,WO 98/27212,WO 98/40503,WO 99/58688,WO 99/58690,WO 99/58654,WO 00/08184,WO 00/08185,WO 00/08175,WO 00/28052,WO 00/77229,WO 01/12782,WO 01/12826,WO 02/101059,WO 03/071860,WO 04/056999,WO 05/030942,WO 2005/030941,WO 2005/095632,WO 2005/095617,WO 2005/095619,WO 2005/095618,WO 2005/123927,WO 2006/018319,WO 2006/103107,WO 2006/108702,WO 2007/009823,WO 00/22140,WO 2006/063862,WO 2006/072603,WO 02/034923,WO 2008/017518,WO 2008/080630,WO 2008/080631,EP 07090007.1,WO 2008/090008,WO 01/14569,WO 02/79410,WO 03/33540,WO 2004/078983,WO 01/19975,WO 95/26407,WO 96/34968,WO 98/20145,WO 99/12950,WO 99/66050,WO 99/53072,US 6,734,341,WO 00/11192,WO 98/22604,WO 98/32326,WO 01/98509,WO 01/98509,WO 2005/002359,US 5,824,790,US 6,013,861,WO 94/04693,WO 94/09144,WO 94/11520,WO 95/35026,WO 97/20936,WO 2010/012796,WO 2010/003701, 1) a genetically transformed plant which synthesizes a modified starch which is characterized by its physicochemical properties, in particular amylose content or amylose/amylopectin ratio, degree of branching, average chain length, side chain Distribution, viscosity characteristics, gel strength, starch granule size and/or starch granule morphology have changed when compared to starch synthesized in wild type plant cells or plants, and thus, this is more suitable for a particular use. The genetically transgenic plant line of the modified starch is described, for example, in EP-A 0 571 427, WO 95/04826, EP-A 0 719 338, WO 96/15248, WO 96/19581, WO 96/ 27674, WO 97/11188, WO 97/26362, WO 97/32985, WO 97/42328, WO 97/44472, WO 97/45545, WO 98/27212, WO 98/40503, WO 99/58688, WO 99/ 58690, WO 99/58654, WO 00/08184, WO 00/08185, WO 00/08175, WO 00/28052, WO 00/77229, WO 01/12782, WO 01/12826, WO 02/101059, WO 03/ 071860, WO 04/056999, WO 05/030942, WO 2005/030941, WO 2005/095632, WO 2005/095617, WO 2005/095619, WO 2005/095618, WO 2005/123927, WO 2006/018319, WO 2006/ 103107, WO 2006/108702, WO 2007/009823, WO 00/22140, WO 2006/063862, WO 2006/072603, WO 02/034923, WO 2008/017518, WO 2008/080630, WO 2008/080631, EP 07090007.1, WO 2008/090008, WO 01/14569, WO 02/79410, WO 03/33540, WO 2004/078983, WO 01/19975, WO 95/26407, WO 96/34968, WO 98/20145, WO 99/12950, WO 99/66050, WO 99/53072, US 6,734, 341, WO 00/11192, WO 98/22604, WO 98/323 26, WO 01/98509, WO 01/98509, WO 2005/002359, US 5, 824, 790, US 6, 013, 861, WO 94/04693, WO 94/09144, WO 94/11520, WO 95/35026, WO 97/20936, WO 2010 /012796, WO 2010/003701,

2)基因轉殖植物,與基因未經修改之野生型植物相較,其合成了非澱粉碳水化合物聚合物或其合成了具有改變特性之非澱粉碳水化合物聚合物,。實例為產生多聚果糖,尤其是菊糖及果聚醣類型之植 物,如揭露於EP-A 0 663 956,WO 96/01904,WO 96/21023,WO 98/39460,及WO 99/24593,產生α-1,4-葡聚醣之植物,如說明於WO 95/31553,US 2002031826,US 6,284,479,US 5,712,107,WO 97/47806,WO 97/47807,WO 97/47808及WO 00/14249,產生α-1,6分支α-1,4-葡聚醣之植物,如揭露於WO 00/73422,產生交替(alternan)之植物,如揭露於如WO 00/47727,WO 00/73422,EP 06077301.7,US 5,908,975及EP-A 0 728 213, 2) A genetically transformed plant that synthesizes a non-starch carbohydrate polymer or a non-starch carbohydrate polymer having altered properties, as compared to a wild-type plant whose gene has not been modified. Examples are plants which produce polyfructose, in particular of the inulin and fructan type, as disclosed in EP-A 0 663 956, WO 96/01904, WO 96/21023, WO 98/39460, and WO 99/24593 Plants which produce alpha-1,4-glucan, as described in WO 95/31553, US 2002031826, US 6,284,479, US 5,712,107, WO 97/47806, WO 97/47807, WO 97/47808 and WO 00/14249 a plant which produces alpha-1,6-branched alpha-1,4-glucan, as disclosed in WO 00/73422, which produces an alternan plant, as disclosed in WO 00/47727, WO 00/73422, EP 06077301.7, US 5,908,975 and EP-A 0 728 213,

3)基因轉殖植物,其產生透明質酸(hyaluronan,),如揭露於例如WO 2006/032538,WO 2007/039314,WO 2007/039315,WO 2007/039316,JP-A 2006-304779,及WO 2005/012529。 3) a genetically transgenic plant which produces hyaluronan, as disclosed in, for example, WO 2006/032538, WO 2007/039314, WO 2007/039315, WO 2007/039316, JP-A 2006-304779, and WO. 2005/012529.

4)基因轉殖植物或混種植物,如具有如‘高可溶性固體含量’,‘低辛辣味’(LP)及/或‘長期儲存’(LS)特點之洋蔥,如說明於美國專利申請案12/020,360及61/054,026。 4) genetically transgenic plants or mixed plants, such as onions with characteristics such as 'high soluble solids content', 'low pungency taste' (LP) and/or 'long-term storage' (LS), as described in US patent application 12/020, 360 and 61/054,026.

植物或植物栽培品種(可得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),亦可根據本發明處理之植物為具有纖維特點,如棉植物。此等植物可藉由基因轉化,或藉由選擇含有賦予此等改變之纖維特點之突變的植物而得到,且包括: Plants or plant cultivars (which may be obtained from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering), and plants treated according to the invention may also have fibrous characteristics, such as cotton plants. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selecting plants containing mutations that confer such altered fiber characteristics, and include:

a)植物,如棉植物,其含有改變型式之纖維素合成酶基因如說明於WO 98/00549。 a) A plant, such as a cotton plant, containing a modified version of the cellulose synthase gene as described in WO 98/00549.

b)植物,如棉植物,其含有改變型式之rsw2或rsw3同源核酸,如說明於WO 2004/053219。 b) A plant, such as a cotton plant, which contains an altered version of the rsw2 or rsw3 homologous nucleic acid, as described in WO 2004/053219.

c)植物,如棉植物,其具有提高表現之蔗糖磷酸合成酶,如說明於WO 01/17333。 c) A plant, such as a cotton plant, having an improved performance of a sucrose phosphate synthetase, as described in WO 01/17333.

d)植物,如棉植物,其具有提高表現之蔗糖合成酶,如說明於WO 02/45485。 d) A plant, such as a cotton plant, having a sucrose synthase with improved performance, as described in WO 02/45485.

e)植物,如棉植物,其中,原生質絲在纖維細胞基礎上閘控(gating)之時機改變了,如經由向下調節纖維-選擇性β-1,3-葡聚醣酶,如說明於WO 2005/017157,或如說明於WO 2009/143995。 e) a plant, such as a cotton plant, wherein the timing of gating of the protoplast filament on a fibroblast basis is changed, such as by down-regulating the fiber-selective β-1,3-glucanase, as illustrated WO 2005/017157, or as described in WO 2009/143995.

f)植物,如棉植物,具有改變之反應性之纖維,如經由表現包含nodC及幾丁質合成酶基因之N-乙醯葡萄糖胺轉化酶基因,如說明於WO 2006/136351。 f) A plant, such as a cotton plant, having altered reactivity, such as via an N-acetylglucosamine converting enzyme gene comprising a gene comprising nodC and a chitin synthase, as described in WO 2006/136351.

植物或植物栽培品種(可得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),其亦可根據本發明處理之植物為,如油菜或相關之甘藍植物,含有改變之油分佈特點(oil profile characteristics)。此等植物可藉由基因轉化,或藉由選擇含有賦予此等改變之油分佈特點之突變的植物而得到,且包括: Plants or plant cultivars (which may be obtained from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering), which may also be treated according to the invention, such as rapeseed or related cabbage plants, contain altered oil profile characteristics. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selecting plants containing mutations that confer such altered oil distribution characteristics, and include:

a)植物如油菜植物,其產生具有高油酸含量之油,如說明於US 5,969,169,US 5,840,946或US 6,323,392或US 6,063,947 a) a plant, such as a canola plant, which produces an oil having a high oleic acid content, as described in US 5,969,169, US 5,840,946 or US 6,323,392 or US 6,063,947

b)植物如油菜植物,其產生具有低亞麻油酸含量之油,如說明於US 6,270,828,US 6,169,190,或US 5,965,755 b) a plant, such as a canola plant, which produces an oil having a low linoleic acid content, as described in US 6,270,828, US 6,169,190, or US 5,965,755

c)植物如油菜植物,其產生具有低水平之飽和脂肪酸之油,如說明於U.S.5,434,283或美國專利申請案12/668303 c) a plant, such as a canola plant, which produces an oil having a low level of saturated fatty acids, as described in U.S. Patent 5,434,283 or U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12/668,303.

植物或植物栽培品種(可得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),其亦可根據本發明處理之植物為,如具有改變種子落粒(seed shattering)特點之油菜或相關之甘藍植物。此等植物可藉由基因轉化,或藉由選擇含有賦予此等具有改變種子落粒特點之突變的植物及包括延遲或減少種子落粒之植物如油菜植物而得到,如說明於美國專利申請案61/135,230,WO 2009/068313及WO 2010/006732。 Plants or plant cultivars (which may be obtained from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering), which may also be treated according to the invention, such as canola or related cabbage plants having altered seed shattering characteristics. Such plants may be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selecting plants containing such mutations that have altered seed granule characteristics and plants including delaying or reducing seed granulation, such as canola plants, as illustrated in U.S. Patent Application 61/135,230, WO 2009/068313 and WO 2010/006732.

植物或植物栽培品種(可得自植物生物技術方法如基因工程),其亦可根據本發明處理之植物為,如菸草植物,具有改變之轉錄後蛋白質修飾模式,例如,說明於WO 2010/121818及WO 2010/145846。 Plant or plant cultivar (available from plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention, such as tobacco plants, having altered post-transcriptional protein modification patterns, for example, as described in WO 2010/121818 And WO 2010/145846.

特別有用之基因轉殖植物,其可根據本發明處理,為含有轉化案例,或轉化案例組合之植物,其為非正規狀態之請求主題,於美國,Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service(APHIS)of the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),是否此等請求被許可仍未決。在任何時候,此資訊很容易得自APHIS(4700 River Road,Riverdale,MD 20737,USA),例如在其網站(URL http://www.Aphis.usda.gov/brs/not_reg.html)。於本案之申請日,在APHIS未決或由APHIS許可之非正規狀態之請求為該等含有下列資訊者: 請求:請求的識別碼。轉化案例之技術性說明可在各別的請求文件中發現,其可得自APHIS,例如於APHIS網站,藉由參照此請求號碼。這些說明係合併於本文中作為參考。 A particularly useful gene transfer plant, which can be treated according to the present invention, is a plant containing a transformation case, or a combination of transformation cases, which is the subject of an informal state, in the United States, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), whether such requests are still pending. At any time, this information is readily available from APHIS (4700 River Road, Riverdale, MD 20737, USA), for example on its website (URL http://www.Aphis.usda.gov/brs/not_reg.html). On the filing date of this case, the request for the informal status of APHIS pending or approved by APHIS is such that the following information is included: Request: The identifier of the request. A technical description of the conversion case can be found in the individual request documents, which are available from APHIS, for example on the APHIS website, by reference to this request number. These descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

請求延伸:參照先前請求而需延伸。 Request extension: Extends with reference to previous requests.

機構:提呈該請求之實體名稱。 Agency: The name of the entity submitting the request.

監管之物體:有關的植物種類。 Regulated objects: related plant species.

基因轉殖表現型:因轉化案例賦予至植物的特點。 Gene transfer phenotype: characteristics conferred on plants by transformation cases.

轉化案例或系(line):所請求之非正規狀態之該案例的名稱(有時亦指稱為系)。 Conversion case or line: The name of the case (sometimes referred to as a system) of the requested informal status.

APHIS文獻:各種由APHIS公開與請求相關之文獻且其可向APHIS請求。 APHIS literature: Various documents related to requests made by APHIS and which can be requested from APHIS.

其他特別有用之含有單一轉化案例或轉化案例之組合的植物係列於,例如各個國家或地區監管機構的數據庫(參見例如http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx及http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php)。 Other particularly useful plant families containing a single conversion case or combination of conversion cases, such as databases from various national or regional regulatory agencies (see for example http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx and http://www. Agbios.com/dbase.php).

可根據本發明處理之特別有用之基因轉殖植物為含有轉化案例,或轉化案例組合的植物,且其係列於,例如各個國家或地 區監管機構的數據庫,包括案例1143-14A(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2006/128569);案例1143-51B(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2006/128570);案例1445(棉,除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於US-A 2002-120964或WO 02/034946);案例17053(稻子,除草劑耐受性,寄存為PTA-9843,說明於WO 2010/117737);案例17314(稻子,除草劑耐受性,寄存為PTA-9844,說明於WO 2010/117735);案例281-24-236(棉,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為PTA-6233,說明於WO 2005/103266或US-A 2005-216969);案例3006-210-23(棉,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為PTA-6233,說明於US-A 2007-143876或WO 2005/103266);案例3272(玉米,品質特點,寄存為PTA-9972,說明於WO 2006/098952或US-A 2006-230473);案例40416(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-11508,說明於WO 2011/075593);案例43A47(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-11509,說明於WO 2011/075595);案例5307(玉米,昆蟲控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-9561,說明於WO 2010/077816);案例ASR-368(曲草,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-4816,說明於US-A 2006-162007或WO 2004/053062);案例B16(玉米,除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於US-A 2003-126634);案例BPS-CV127-9(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB No.41603,說明於WO 2010/080829);案例CE43-67B(棉,昆蟲控制,寄存為DSM ACC2724,說明於US-A 2009-217423或WO2006/128573);案例CE44-69D(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於US-A 2010-0024077);案例CE44-69D(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2006/128571);案例CE46-02A(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2006/128572);案例COT102(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於US-A 2006-130175或WO 2004/039986);案例COT202(棉, 昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於US-A 2007-067868或WO 2005/054479);案例COT203(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2005/054480);案例DAS40278(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-10244,說明於WO 2011/022469);案例DAS-59122-7(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA 11384,說明於US-A 2006-070139);案例DAS-59132(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於WO 2009/100188);案例DAS68416(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-10442,說明於WO 2011/066384或WO 2011/066360);案例DP-098140-6(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-8296,說明於US-A 2009-137395或WO 2008/112019);案例DP-305423-1(大豆,品質特點,未寄存,說明於US-A 2008-312082或WO 2008/054747);案例DP-32138-1(玉米,雜交系統,寄存為ATCC PTA-9158,說明於US-A 2009-0210970或WO 2009/103049);案例DP-356043-5(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-8287,說明於US-A 2010-0184079或WO 2008/002872);案例EE-1(茄子,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2007/091277);案例FI117(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC 209031,說明於US-A 2006-059581或WO 98/044140);案例GA21(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC 209033,說明於US-A 2005-086719或WO 98/044140);案例GG25(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC 209032,說明於US-A 2005-188434或WO 98/044140);案例GHB119(棉,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-8398,說明於WO 2008/151780);案例GHB614(棉,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-6878,說明於US-A 2010-050282或WO 2007/017186);案例GJ11(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC 209030,說明於US-A 2005-188434或WO 98/044140);案例GM RZ13(糖用甜菜,抗病毒,寄存為NCIMB-41601,說明於WO 2010/076212);案例H7-1(糖用甜菜,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB 41158或NCIMB 41159,說明於US-A 2004-172669或WO 2004/074492);案例JOPLIN1(小麥,疾病耐性,未寄存,說明於US-A 2008-064032);案例LL27(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB41658,說明於WO 2006/108674或US-A 2008-320616);案例LL55(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB 41660,說明於WO 2006/108675或US-A 2008-196127);案例LL棉25(棉,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-3343,說明於WO 03/013224或US-A 2003-097687);案例LL稻子06(稻子,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC-23352,說明於Uew,468,747或WO 00/026345);案例LL稻子601(稻子,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-2600,說明於US-A 2008-2289060或WO 00/026356);案例LY038(玉米,品質特點,寄存為ATCC PTA-5623,說明於US-A 2007-028322或WO 2005/061720);案例MIR162(玉米,昆蟲控制,寄存為PTA-8166,說明於US-A 2009-300784或WO 2007/142840);案例MIR604(玉米,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於US-A 2008-167456或WO 2005/103301);案例MON15985(棉,昆蟲控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-2516,說明於US-A 2004-250317或WO 02/100163);案例MON810(玉米,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於US-A 2002-102582);案例MON863(玉米,昆蟲控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-2605,說明於WO 2004/011601或US-A 2006-095986);案例MON87427(玉米,授粉控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-7899,說明於WO 2011/062904);案例MON87460(玉米,耐壓性,寄存為ATCC PTA-8910,說明於WO 2009/111263或US-A 2011-0138504);案例MON87701(大豆,昆蟲控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-8194,說明於US-A 2009-130071或WO 2009/064652);案例MON87705(大豆,品質特點-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-9241,說明於US-A 2010-0080887或WO 2010/037016);案例MON87708(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA9670,說明於WO 2011/034704);案例MON87754(大豆,品質特點,寄存為ATCC PTA-9385,說明於WO 2010/024976);案例MON87769(大豆,質量特點,寄存為ATCC PTA-8911,說明於US-A 2011-0067141或WO 2009/102873);案例MON88017(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-5582,說明於US-A 2008-028482或WO 2005/059103);案例MON88913(棉,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-4854,說明於WO 2004/072235或US-A 2006-059590);案例MON89034(玉米,昆蟲控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-7455,說明於WO 2007/140256或US-A 2008-260932);案例MON89788(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-6708,說明於US-A 2006-282915或WO 2006/130436);案例MS11(油菜,授粉控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-850或PTA-2485,說明於WO 01/031042);案例MS8(油菜,授粉控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-730,說明於WO 01/041558或US-A 2003-188347);案例NK603(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-2478,說明於US-A 2007-292854);案例PE-7(稻子,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2008/114282);案例RF3(油菜,授粉控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-730,說明於WO 01/041558或US-A 2003-188347);案例RT73(油菜,除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於WO 02/036831或US-A 2008-070260);案例T227-1(糖用甜菜,除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於WO 02/44407或US-A 2009-265817);案例T25(玉米,除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於US-A 2001-029014或WO 01/051654);案例T304-40(棉,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-8171,說明於US-A 2010-077501或WO 2008/122406);案例T342-142(棉,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2006/128568);案例TC1507(玉米, 昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,未寄存,說明於US-A 2005-039226或WO 2004/099447);案例VIP1034(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-3925,說明於WO 03/052073),案例32316(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為PTA-11507,說明於WO 2011/084632),案例4114(玉米,昆蟲控制-除草劑耐受性,寄存為PTA-11506,說明於WO 2011/084621)。 A particularly useful gene-transforming plant that can be treated according to the present invention is a plant containing a transformation case, or a combination of transformation cases, and a series thereof, such as a database of various national or regional regulatory agencies, including case 1143-14A (cotton, insect control) , unregistered, described in WO 2006/128569); case 1143-51B (cotton, insect control, unregistered, illustrated in WO 2006/128570); case 1445 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, unregistered, illustrated in US -A 2002-120964 or WO 02/034946); Case 17053 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-9843, illustrated in WO 2010/117737); Case 17314 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-9844, described in WO 2010/117735); Case 281-24-236 (cotton, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-6233, illustrated in WO 2005/103266 or US-A 2005-216969) Case 3006-210-23 (cotton, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-6233, as described in US-A 2007-143876 or WO 2005/103266); case 3272 (corn, quality characteristics, deposited as PTA-9972, described in WO 2006/098952 or US-A 2006-230473); Case 40416 (corn, insect control - Herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11508, described in WO 2011/075593); Case 43A47 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11509, illustrated in WO 2011/075595); Case 5307 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-9561, described in WO 2010/077816); Case ASR-368 (curved grass, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4816, illustrated in US-A 2006 -162007 or WO 2004/053062); Case B16 (corn, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, as described in US-A 2003-126634); Case BPS-CV127-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No. 41603, described in WO 2010/080829); Case CE43-67B (cotton, insect control, deposited as DSM ACC2724, illustrated in US-A 2009-217423 or WO2006/128573); case CE44-69D (cotton, insect) Control, not registered, described in US-A 2010-0024077); Case CE44-69D (cotton, insect control, unregistered, described in WO 2006/128571); Case CE46-02A (cotton, insect control, unregistered, description WO 2006/128572); Case COT102 (cotton, insect control, unregistered, described in US-A 2006-130175 or WO 2004/039986); case COT2 02 (cotton, insect control, unregistered, as described in US-A 2007-067868 or WO 2005/054479); case COT203 (cotton, insect control, unregistered, illustrated in WO 2005/054480); case DAS40278 (corn, weeding) Tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10244, described in WO 2011/022469); Case DAS-59122-7 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA 11384, illustrated in US-A 2006 -070139); Case DAS-59132 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance, not deposited, as described in WO 2009/100188); case DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10442, instructions WO 2011/066384 or WO 2011/066360); Case DP-098140-6 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8296, illustrated in US-A 2009-137395 or WO 2008/112019); DP-305423-1 (soybean, quality characteristics, not deposited, as described in US-A 2008-312082 or WO 2008/054747); case DP-32138-1 (corn, hybrid system, deposited as ATCC PTA-9158, stated in US-A 2009-0210970 or WO 2009/103049); Case DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, illustrated in US- A 2010-0184079 or WO 2008/002872); Case EE-1 (eggplant, insect control, unregistered, illustrated in WO 2007/091277); case FI117 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209031, illustrated in US-A 2006-059581 or WO 98/044140); Case GA21 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, illustrated in US-A 2005-086719 or WO 98/044140); case GG25 (corn, weeding) Tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209032, as described in US-A 2005-188434 or WO 98/044140); Case GHB119 (cotton, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8398, illustrated in WO 2008 /151780); Case GHB614 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6878, as described in US-A 2010-050282 or WO 2007/017186); Case GJ11 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209030, described in US-A 2005-188434 or WO 98/044140); case GM RZ13 (sugar beet, anti-viral, deposited as NCIMB-41601, illustrated in WO 2010/076212); case H7-1 (for sugar) Beet, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41158 or NCIMB 41159, as described in US-A 2004-172669 or WO 2004/074492); case JOPLIN1 (wheat Disease tolerance, not deposited, as described in US-A 2008-064032); Case LL27 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB41658, illustrated in WO 2006/108674 or US-A 2008-320616); Case LL55 (soybean) , herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41660, described in WO 2006/108675 or US-A 2008-196127); case LL cotton 25 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3343, illustrated in WO 03/013224 or US-A 2003-097687); Case LL Rice 06 (rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC-23352, illustrated in Uew, 468, 747 or WO 00/026345); Case LL Rice 601 (rice, Herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-2600, as described in US-A 2008-2289060 or WO 00/026356); Case LY038 (corn, quality characteristics, deposited as ATCC PTA-5623, illustrated in US-A 2007- 028322 or WO 2005/061720); case MIR162 (corn, insect control, deposited as PTA-8166, illustrated in US-A 2009-300784 or WO 2007/142840); case MIR604 (corn, insect control, unregistered, illustrated in US-A 2008-167456 or WO 2005/103301); Case MON15985 (cotton, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-2516, illustrated in US-A 2004-25 0317 or WO 02/100163); case MON810 (corn, insect control, unregistered, described in US-A 2002-102582); case MON863 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-2605, illustrated in WO 2004/011601 Or US-A 2006-095986); case MON87427 (corn, pollination control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7899, described in WO 2011/062904); case MON87460 (corn, pressure resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8910, illustrated in WO 2009/111263 or US-A 2011-0138504); case MON87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, illustrated in US-A 2009-130071 or WO 2009/064652); case MON87705 (soybean, quality characteristics) - Herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, as described in US-A 2010-0080887 or WO 2010/037016); Case MON87708 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA9670, illustrated in WO 2011/ 034704); Case MON87754 (soybean, quality characteristics, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385, described in WO 2010/024976); case MON87769 (soybean, quality characteristics, deposited as ATCC PTA-8911, illustrated in US-A 2011-0067141 or WO 2009/102873); Case MON88017 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance , deposited as ATCC PTA-5582, as described in US-A 2008-028482 or WO 2005/059103); Case MON88913 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-4854, illustrated in WO 2004/072235 or US- A 2006-059590); Case MON89034 (corn, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-7455, illustrated in WO 2007/140256 or US-A 2008-260932); case MON89788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, described in US-A 2006-282915 or WO 2006/130436); Case MS11 (canola, pollination control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-850 or PTA-2485, illustrated in WO 01/031042 Case; MS8 (canola, pollination control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO 01/041558 or US-A 2003-188347); case NK603 (corn, herbicide tolerance, storage) For ATCC PTA-2478, described in US-A 2007-292854); Case PE-7 (Rice, Insect Control, Unregistered, described in WO 2008/114282); Case RF3 (Rapeseed, Pollination Control - Herbicide Tolerance) , deposited as ATCC PTA-730, described in WO 01/041558 or US-A 2003-188347); Case RT73 (canola, herbicide tolerance, not registered, instructions WO 02/036831 or US-A 2008-070260); Case T227-1 (sugar beet, herbicide tolerance, not deposited, as described in WO 02/44407 or US-A 2009-265817); case T25 (corn) , herbicide tolerance, not deposited, as described in US-A 2001-029014 or WO 01/051654); case T304-40 (cotton, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8171, stated in US-A 2010-077501 or WO 2008/122406); Case T342-142 (cotton, insect control, unregistered, described in WO 2006/128568); case TC1507 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance, not registered , described in US-A 2005-039226 or WO 2004/099447); Case VIP1034 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3925, illustrated in WO 03/052073), case 32316 (corn, Insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-11507, illustrated in WO 2011/084632), Case 4114 (corn, insect control - herbicide tolerance, deposited as PTA-11506, illustrated in WO 2011/084621) .

非常特別有用之基因轉殖植物,其可根據本發明處理之植物為含有轉化案例,或一轉化案例之組合,且其係列於例如各個國家或地區監管機構的數據庫,包括案例BPS-CV127-9(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB No.41603,說明於WO 2010/080829);案例DAS68416(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-10442,說明於WO 2011/066384或WO 2011/066360);案例DP-356043-5(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-8287,說明於US-A 2010-0184079或WO 2008/002872);案例EE-1(茄子,昆蟲控制,未寄存,說明於WO 2007/091277);案例FI117(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC 209031,說明於US-A 2006-059581或WO 98/044140);案例GA21(玉米,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC 209033,說明於US-A 2005-086719或WO 98/044140),案例LL27(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB41658,說明於WO 2006/108674或US-A 2008-320616);案例LL55(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為NCIMB 41660,說明於WO 2006/108675或US-A 2008-196127);案例MON87701(大豆,昆蟲控制,寄存為ATCC PTA-8194,說明於US-A 2009-130071或WO 2009/064652);案例MON87705(大豆,品質特點-除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-9241,說明於US-A 2010-0080887或WO 2010/037016);案例MON87708(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA9670,說明於WO 2011/034704);案例MON87754(大豆,品質 特點,寄存為ATCC PTA-9385,說明於WO 2010/024976);案例MON87769(大豆,品質特點,寄存為ATCC PTA-8911,說明於US-A 2011-0067141或WO 2009/102873);案例MON89788(大豆,除草劑耐受性,寄存為ATCC PTA-6708,說明於US-A 2006-282915或WO 2006/130436)。 Very particularly useful genetically transformed plants, which can be treated according to the invention as containing transformation cases, or a combination of transformation cases, and which are serialized in, for example, databases of various national or regional regulatory agencies, including case BPS-CV127-9 (Soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No. 41603, illustrated in WO 2010/080829); Case DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10442, illustrated in WO 2011/066384 or WO 2011/066360); Case DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, illustrated in US-A 2010-0184079 or WO 2008/002872); case EE-1 (eggplant, insect Control, not deposited, as described in WO 2007/091277); Case FI117 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209031, described in US-A 2006-059581 or WO 98/044140); Case GA21 (corn, weeding) Tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, as described in US-A 2005-086719 or WO 98/044140), Case LL27 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41658, illustrated in WO 2006/108674 or US-A 2008-320616); Case LL55 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 4 1660, illustrated in WO 2006/108675 or US-A 2008-196127); case MON87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, illustrated in US-A 2009-130071 or WO 2009/064652); case MON87705 ( Soybean, quality characteristics - herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, as described in US-A 2010-0080887 or WO 2010/037016); Case MON87708 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA9670, instructions In WO 2011/034704); case MON87754 (soybean, quality characteristics, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385, described in WO 2010/024976); case MON87769 (soybean, quality characteristics, deposited as ATCC PTA-8911, illustrated in US-A 2011-0067141 or WO 2009/102873); Case MON89788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, as described in US-A 2006-282915 or WO 2006/130436).

特別宜為基因轉殖大豆。 It is especially desirable to genetically transfer soybeans.

施用率及時機  Application rate and time machine  

當使用本發明組合物或組成物作為殺真菌劑,該施用率可在相當廣的範圍內變化,根據施用方式。組合物或組成物之施用率為 於處理植物部份時,例如葉子時:由0.1至10000克/公頃,宜為由10至1000克/公頃,更宜為由10至800克/公頃,甚至更宜為由50至300克/公頃(於藉由澆水或滴水施用之情況時,其甚至能夠降低施用率,尤其是使用惰性基質,如岩棉或珍珠岩時); 於處理種子時:每100公斤種子由2至200克,宜為每100公斤種子由3至150克,更宜為每100公斤種子由2.5至25克,甚至更宜為每100公斤種子由2.5至12.5克; 於處理土壤之情況時:由0.1至10 000克/公頃,宜為由1至5000克/公頃。 When the compositions or compositions of the invention are used as fungicides, the rate of application can vary over a wide range, depending on the mode of administration. The application rate of the composition or composition is from 0.1 to 10000 g/ha, preferably from 10 to 1000 g/ha, more preferably from 10 to 800 g/ha, even when treating plant parts, such as leaves. More preferably from 50 to 300 g/ha (when applied by watering or dripping, it can even reduce the application rate, especially when using inert substrates such as rockwool or perlite); when treating seeds: From 2 to 200 grams per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 3 to 150 grams per 100 kg of seed, more preferably from 2.5 to 25 grams per 100 kg of seed, even more preferably from 2.5 to 12.5 g per 100 kg of seed; When treating the soil: from 0.1 to 10 000 g/ha, preferably from 1 to 5000 g/ha.

這些施用率僅係舉例說明且絕非用來限制本發明。 These rates of application are merely illustrative and are in no way intended to limit the invention.

因此,本發明組合物或組成物可用來保護植物在處理後一定的時間內免於被所提及之病原菌攻擊。該保護所提供之期間通常延長達1至84天,宜為1至56天,更宜為1至28天,最宜為1至14天,於用組合物或組成物處理植物後,或於處理種子之後多達200天。 Thus, the compositions or compositions of the present invention can be used to protect plants from attack by the mentioned pathogens for a certain period of time after treatment. The period provided by the protection is usually extended by from 1 to 84 days, preferably from 1 to 56 days, more preferably from 1 to 28 days, most preferably from 1 to 14 days, after treatment of the plants with the composition or composition, or Up to 200 days after processing the seeds.

根據本發明之治療方法亦提供以同時,分開或連續方式 使用或施用組合物組份(A)及(B)。倘若該單一活性組份係以連續方式施用,亦即於不同時間,其等係於相當短的期間,如數小時或數天,一個接一個的施用。實行本發明時施用化合物(A)及(B)之順序宜為非必要。 The method of treatment according to the invention also provides for the simultaneous or separate or continuous use or application of composition components (A) and (B). If the single active ingredient is administered in a continuous manner, i.e. at different times, it is administered in a relatively short period of time, such as hours or days, one after the other. The order in which the compounds (A) and (B) are applied in the practice of the present invention is preferably unnecessary.

根據本發明之較佳具體例,組合物組份(A)及(B)係同時或依序施用。 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition components (A) and (B) are administered simultaneously or sequentially.

該所列出之植物可特別有利地根據本發明用本發明組合物或組成物來處理。上述組合物或組成物之較佳範圍亦適用於處理這些植物。需特別強調的是用於本文中特別提及之組合物或組成物來處理植物。 The plants listed can be treated particularly advantageously in accordance with the invention with the compositions or compositions of the invention. The preferred ranges of the above compositions or compositions are also suitable for treating such plants. Of particular emphasis is placed on the compositions or compositions specifically mentioned herein for the treatment of plants.

根據本發明之另一方面,於根據本發明之組合物或組成物中,該化合物比率A/B可有利地選擇以產生協同效應。應瞭解協同效應之詞特別係指於一文獻名稱為"Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations" Weeds,(1967),15,第20-22頁中由Colby所定義。 According to another aspect of the invention, in the composition or composition according to the invention, the compound ratio A/B can be advantageously selected to produce a synergistic effect. It should be understood that the term "synergistic effect" especially refers to a document entitled "Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations" Weeds, (1967), 15, pages 20-22, as defined by Colby.

於後面的文獻中提及下式: The following formula is mentioned in the following literature:

其中,E代表兩個化合物於界定之劑量之組合物對於蟲害之預期的抑制百分比(例如分別等於x及y),X為所觀察到化合物(A)於界定之劑量(等於x)對於蟲害之抑制百分比,Y為所觀察到化合物(B)於界定之劑量(等於y)對於蟲害之抑制百分比。當觀察組合物得到之抑制百分比大於E時,即為協同效應。 Wherein E represents the expected percent inhibition of pests by the two compounds at a defined dose (eg, equal to x and y, respectively), and X is the observed compound (A) at a defined dose (equal to x) for pests Percent inhibition, Y is the percent inhibition of insecticide observed by the observed compound (B) at a defined dose (equal to y). A synergistic effect is obtained when the observed composition obtains a percent inhibition greater than E.

“協同效應”之詞亦係指應用Tammes方法,“Isoboles,a graphic representation of synergism in pesticides”,Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology,70(1964),第73-80頁所定義之功效。 The term "synergistic effect" also refers to the effect defined by the Tammes method, "Isoboles, a graphic representation of synergism in pesticides", Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 70 (1964), pages 73-80.

當該活性化合物組合物之殺真菌作用超過活性化合物之預期作用時,殺真菌劑之協同效應一直存在。 When the fungicidal action of the active compound composition exceeds the intended effect of the active compound, the synergistic effect of the fungicide is always present.

兩種或三種活性化合物之給定組合物所期望的殺真菌作用可如下計算:根據S.R.Colby(“Calculating Synergistic and Synergistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations”,Weeds 1967,15,20-22):倘若X為以m克/公頃之施用率使用活性化合物A時之功效,Y為以n克/公頃之施用率使用活性化合物B時之功效,且E為以m及n克/公頃之施用率使用活性化合物A及B時之功效,則E=X+Y-(X*Y)/100 The desired fungicidal effect of a given composition of two or three active compounds can be calculated as follows: according to SRColby ("Calculating Synergistic and Synergistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations", Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22): If X is The application rate of m g/ha is the efficacy when using active compound A, Y is the efficacy when active compound B is applied at an application rate of n g/ha, and E is the active compound A at an application rate of m and n g/ha. And the effect of B, then E=X+Y-(X*Y)/100

於本文中,效果係以%來測定。0%係指相當於控制組之效果,而100%之效果係指沒有觀察到被感染。 In this context, the effect is determined in %. 0% means the effect equivalent to the control group, and 100% means that no infection is observed.

如果實際的殺真菌活性超過計算值,組合物之作用係超加成的,即呈現協同效應。於此情況中,實際觀察到的功效必定超過使用上述公式計算出來的預期療效值(E)。 If the actual fungicidal activity exceeds the calculated value, the effect of the composition is superadditive, i.e., exhibits a synergistic effect. In this case, the actually observed efficacy must exceed the expected therapeutic value (E) calculated using the above formula.

本發明係藉由下列實例來闡明。然而,本發明並非侷限於實例。 The invention is illustrated by the following examples. However, the invention is not limited to the examples.

實例1 小麥葉銹菌測試(小麥)/預防性Example 1 Wheat leaf rust test (wheat) / preventive

溶劑:49重量份之N,N-二甲基乙醯胺 Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

乳化劑:1重量份之烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚 Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkyl aryl polyglycol ether

為了生成適當的活性化合物製劑,將1重量份的活性化合物或活性化合物組合物與所述量之溶劑及乳化劑調和,並將濃稠物用水稀釋成所要濃度。 To produce a suitable active compound preparation, 1 part by weight of the active compound or active compound composition is combined with the amount of solvent and emulsifier, and the thick concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

為了測試預防活性,將植物幼株灑上所述施用率之活性化合物或活性化合物組合物製劑。 To test the prophylactic activity, plant young plants are sprinkled with the active compound or active compound composition formulation at the rate of application.

於噴灑包覆層乾燥後,將植物噴上小麥葉銹菌之孢子懸浮液。將植物置於約20℃及約100%相對大氣濕度之培育室中達48小時。 After the spray coating is dried, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of wheat leaf rust. The plants are placed in an incubation chamber at about 20 ° C and about 100% relative atmospheric humidity for 48 hours.

將植物置於約20℃及約80%相對大氣濕度之溫室中。 The plants are placed in a greenhouse at about 20 ° C and about 80% relative atmospheric humidity.

於接種8天之後進行評估。0%係指相當於未經處理控制組之效果,而100%係指沒有觀察到疾病。 The evaluation was performed 8 days after the inoculation. 0% means that the effect is equivalent to the untreated control group, and 100% means that no disease is observed.

下表清楚的顯示所觀察到之根據本發明之組成物的活性化合物的活性較計算之活性為大,亦即呈現協同效應。 The table below clearly shows that the activity of the active compound observed in the composition according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect.

實例2 穎枯小球腔菌測試(小麥)/預防性Example 2 Test of Phytophthora capsici (Wheat)/Preventive

溶劑:49重量份之N,N-二甲基乙醯胺 Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

乳化劑:1重量份之烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚 Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkyl aryl polyglycol ether

為了生成適當的活性化合物製劑,將1重量份的活性化合物或活性化合物組合物與所述量之溶劑及乳化劑調和,並將濃稠物用水稀釋成所要濃度。 To produce a suitable active compound preparation, 1 part by weight of the active compound or active compound composition is combined with the amount of solvent and emulsifier, and the thick concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

為了測試預防活性,將植物幼株噴灑上所述施用率之活性化合物或活性化合物組合物製劑。 To test for prophylactic activity, plant young plants are sprayed with the active compound or active compound composition formulation at the stated rate of application.

於噴灑包覆層乾燥後,將植物噴灑上穎枯小球腔菌之孢子懸浮液。將植物置於約20℃及約100%相對大氣濕度之培育室中達48小時。 After the spray coating is dried, the plant is sprayed with a spore suspension of the bacterium. The plants are placed in an incubation chamber at about 20 ° C and about 100% relative atmospheric humidity for 48 hours.

將植物置於約22℃及約80%相對大氣濕度之溫室中。 The plants are placed in a greenhouse at about 22 ° C and about 80% relative atmospheric humidity.

於接種8天之後進行評估。0%係指相當於未經處理控制組之效果,而100%係指沒有觀察到疾病。 The evaluation was performed 8 days after the inoculation. 0% means that the effect is equivalent to the untreated control group, and 100% means that no disease is observed.

下表清楚的顯示所觀察到之根據本發明之組成物的活性化合物的活性較計算之活性為大,亦即呈現協同效應。 The table below clearly shows that the activity of the active compound observed in the composition according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect.

實例3 小麥殼針孢測試(小麥)/預防性Example 3 Wheat Shell Needle Test (Wheat) / Preventive

溶劑:49重量份之N,N-二甲基乙醯胺 Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

乳化劑:1重量份之烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚 Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkyl aryl polyglycol ether

為了生成適當的活性化合物製劑,將1重量份的活性化合物或活性化合物組合物與所述量之溶劑及乳化劑調和,並將濃稠物用水稀釋成所要濃度。 To produce a suitable active compound preparation, 1 part by weight of the active compound or active compound composition is combined with the amount of solvent and emulsifier, and the thick concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

為了測試預防活性,將植物幼株噴灑上所述施用率之活性化合物或活性化合物組合物製劑。 To test for prophylactic activity, plant young plants are sprayed with the active compound or active compound composition formulation at the stated rate of application.

於噴灑包覆層乾燥後,將植物噴上小麥殼針孢之孢子懸浮液。將植物置於約20℃及約100%相對大氣濕度之培育室中達48小時且然後於約15℃及約100%相對大氣濕度之半透明培育室中達60小時。 After the spray coating has dried, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of S. cerevisiae. The plants are placed in an incubation chamber at about 20 ° C and about 100% relative atmospheric humidity for 48 hours and then in a translucent incubation chamber at about 15 ° C and about 100% relative atmospheric humidity for 60 hours.

將植物置於約15℃及約80%相對大氣濕度之溫室中。 The plants are placed in a greenhouse at about 15 ° C and about 80% relative atmospheric humidity.

於接種21天之後進行評估。0%係指相當於未經處理控制組之效果,而100%係指沒有觀察到疾病。 The evaluation was performed 21 days after the inoculation. 0% means that the effect is equivalent to the untreated control group, and 100% means that no disease is observed.

下表清楚的顯示所觀察到之根據本發明之組成物的活性化合物的活性較計算之活性為大,亦即呈現協同效應。 The table below clearly shows that the activity of the active compound observed in the composition according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect.

實例4 白粉病菌(Blumeria)測試(大麥)/預防性Example 4 Blumeria test (barley) / preventive

溶劑:49重量份之N,N-二甲基乙醯胺 Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylacetamide

乳化劑:1重量份之烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚 Emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkyl aryl polyglycol ether

為了生成適當的活性化合物製劑,將1重量份的活性化合物或活性化合物組合物與所述量之溶劑及乳化劑調和,並將濃稠物用水稀釋成所要濃度。 To produce a suitable active compound preparation, 1 part by weight of the active compound or active compound composition is combined with the amount of solvent and emulsifier, and the thick concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

為了測試預防活性,將植物幼株噴灑上所述施用率之活性化合物或活性化合物組合物製劑。 To test for prophylactic activity, plant young plants are sprayed with the active compound or active compound composition formulation at the stated rate of application.

於噴灑包覆層乾燥後,將植物灑上大麥白粉病菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.hordei)之孢子。 After the spray coating is dried, the plants are sprinkled with spores of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei.

將植物置於約18℃及約80%相對大氣濕度之溫室中以促進黴菌膿皰(mildew pustules)的發展。 The plants are placed in a greenhouse at about 18 ° C and about 80% relative atmospheric humidity to promote the development of mildew pustules.

於接種7天之後進行評估。0%係指相當於未經處理控制組之效果,而100%係指沒有觀察到疾病。 The evaluation was carried out 7 days after the inoculation. 0% means that the effect is equivalent to the untreated control group, and 100% means that no disease is observed.

下表清楚的顯示所觀察到之根據本發明之組成物的活性化合物的活性較計算之活性為大,亦即呈現協同效應。 The table below clearly shows that the activity of the active compound observed in the composition according to the invention is greater than the calculated activity, i.e. a synergistic effect.

Claims (9)

一種組合物,其包含(A)異噻菌胺(isotianil)及(B)噻醯菌胺(tiadinil),其中組合組份(A):(B)之重量比率為1:25至25:1。 A composition comprising (A) isotianil and (B) tiadinil, wherein the weight ratio of the combination component (A): (B) is from 1:25 to 25:1 . 一種製備組成物的方法,其包含將根據申請專利範圍第1項之協同性功效組合物與延展劑、表面活化劑或其組合混合。 A method of preparing a composition comprising mixing a synergistic efficacy composition according to item 1 of the patent application with an extender, a surfactant, or a combination thereof. 一種控制植物病原性微生物包括真菌及細菌的方法,其包含將該微生物或其環境區與根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物接觸。 A method of controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting the microorganism or an environmental zone thereof with a composition according to claim 1 of the scope of the patent application. 根據申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中該植物病原性細菌係選自於稻子之燕麥食酸菌(Acidovorax avenae)及/或莢殼伯克氏菌(Burkholderia glumae),於柑橘之柑橘黃龍病菌(Candidatus Liberibacter spec.)及/或地毯草黃單胞菌柑橘致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri),於奇異果之丁香假單胞菌奇異果致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidae),於桃子之野油菜黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris)及/或野油菜黃單胞菌桃李致病變種(Xanthomonas campestris pv.pruni),於大豆之丁香假單胞菌大豆致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.glycinea)及/或地毯草黃單胞菌大豆致病變種(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.glycines),於穀類之伯克氏菌(Burkholderia spec.)及/或半透明黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas transluscens),於蕃茄之丁香假單胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae)、丁香假單胞菌蕃茄致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato)及/或野油菜黃單胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris),於黃瓜之丁香假單胞菌及/或丁香假單胞菌黃瓜致病變種(Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans),於馬鈴薯之黑腐歐文氏菌(Erwinia atroseptica),胡蘿 蔔軟腐歐文氏菌(Erwinia caratovora)及/或瘡痂鏈黴菌(Streptomyces scabies)。 According to the method of claim 3, wherein the phytopathogenic bacteria are selected from the group consisting of Acidovorax avenae and/or Burkholderia glumae , and the citrus medicinal medicinal fungus ( Candidatus Liberibacter spec. ) and/or Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri , a genus Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidae Xanthomonas campestris and/or Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni , a Pseudomonas syringae pv. Glycinea and/or Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines , in the Burkholderia spec. and/or Xanthomonas transluscens , Pseudomonas syringae , Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and/or Xanthomonas campestris ( Xanthomonas campestris ), Pseudomonas syringae and/or Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans in cucumber, Erwinia atroseptica , carrot soft rot Owen Erwinia caratovora and/or Streptomyces scabies . 根據申請專利範圍第3或4項之方法,其包含同時施用組合組份(A)及(B)。 According to the method of claim 3 or 4, it comprises the simultaneous application of the combination components (A) and (B). 根據申請專利範圍第3或4項之方法,其中申請專利範圍第1項之組合物之量為由0.1克/公頃至10仟克/公頃以供葉面及土壤處理。 The method of claim 3, wherein the amount of the composition of claim 1 is from 0.1 g/ha to 10 g/ha for foliar and soil treatment. 一種處理種子包括轉殖基因種子的方法,其包含將該種子與根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合物接觸。 A method of treating a seed comprising transgenic seed comprising contacting the seed with a composition according to claim 1 of the scope of the patent application. 根據申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中申請專利範圍第1項之組合物的量係由2至200克/100公斤種子。 The method of claim 7, wherein the amount of the composition of claim 1 is from 2 to 200 g / 100 kg of seed. 根據申請專利範圍第7或8項之方法,其中該種子係在使用組成份(B)處理之同時以組成份(A)處理。 The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) while being treated with component (B).
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