JP2018076345A - Binary fungicidal and bactericidal combinations - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide novel combinational compositions of fungicidal and/or insecticidal active compounds.SOLUTION: A fungicidal and/or insecticidal composition has (A) isotianil, and at least one fungicidally active compound (B) selected from the group consisting of (B1) members of the group of host defense inducers selected from tiadinil and probenazole, and (B2) members of the other fungicides group selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention relates to novel active compound combinations, in particular (A) Isotianil (3,
4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazole-carboxamide),
And (B1) a member of a group of host defense inducers selected from thiazinyl and probenazole and (B2) at least selected from the group consisting of members of other fungicide groups selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole 1 further compound (B)
To fungicidal and / or insecticidal and / or bactericidal compositions.

The present invention further provides methods for preparing these combinations, compositions comprising these combinations, and organisms, particularly for controlling harmful microorganisms in crop protection and material protection, and for enhancing plant health. Relates to their use as pharmaceutically active combinations. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for the therapeutic or prophylactic control of phytopathogenic fungi or bacteria of plants or crops, the use of the combination according to the invention for the treatment of seeds, a method of protecting seeds. It is not just about the seeds.

It is known that isothianyl (compound (A)) is highly suitable for protecting plants from attack by unwanted phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, especially bacteria (WO99).
/ 024413, WO2006 / 098128, JP2007-84566, WO96 /
29871, US-A 5,240,951 and JP-A06-009313, WO20
10/089055). Isotianil (compound (A)) according to the present invention also mobilizes plant defenses against attack by undesirable phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, as well as direct control of phytopathogenic fungi and microorganisms, especially bacteria. Therefore, it is also suitable as a microbicide. In addition, isotianil is also active against pests that damage plants (WO 99/24414). The combination of isotianil and the selected fungicide is WO
2005/009130 and in WO2010 / 069489. The activity of this substance is good; however, at low application rates it is in some cases insufficient.

In addition, the environmental and economic requirements imposed on modern fungicides and bactericides such as action spectrum, toxicity, selectivity, application rate, residue formation and convenient preparation ability. ) Is constantly increasing and, in addition, new fungicidal and at least some advantages over their known counterparts, for example because there can be resistance problems, and Developing a bactericidal agent is a persistent challenge.

WO99 / 024413 WO2006 / 098128 JP2007-84566 WO96 / 29871 US-A 5,240,951 JP-A06-009313 WO2010 / 089055 WO99 / 24414 WO2005 / 009130 WO2010 / 069489

The present invention provides, in some embodiments, active compound combinations / compositions that achieve the stated objectives.

Here, surprisingly, (A) Isotianil and (B) (B1) thiazinyl (
2.1) and members of a group of host defense inducers selected from probenazole (2.2) and (B2) other fungicides selected from isopyrazam (2.3) and propiconazole (2.4) It has been found that a combination comprising at least one further fungicide selected from the group consisting of members of the group of agents is more efficient than combinations known from the prior art.

The combination according to the invention shows superior efficiency against harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, compared to compositions known from the prior art.

In particular, the combinations according to the invention preferably have a synergistic effect in their application as fungicides or fungicides against harmful microorganisms, especially phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria.

Furthermore, the combination according to the invention has an excellent synergistic effect against harmful microorganisms, in particular phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, compared to known combinations of the prior art.

The synergistic effect of the combination and composition according to the invention is determined by component (A) and component (
The range of action of B) is expanded in two ways. First, the application rates of component (A) and component (B) are reduced, while the effect remains equally good. Second, the combination is
Even when two individual compounds are no longer effective at such low application rates,
High degree of phytopathogen control is still achieved. This, on the one hand, substantially broadens the spectrum of phytopathogens that can be controlled, and on the other hand improves safety during use.

However, in addition to the actual synergistic effect on fungicidal or bactericidal activity, the control combination according to the invention also has the further surprising and advantageous properties that can also be described as broadly synergistic activity. Examples of such advantageous properties that may be mentioned are: broadening the spectrum of fungicidal activity against other phytopathogens, eg resistant strains; reducing active ingredient application rates; even if the individual compounds are not effective at all Sufficient pest control using the composition according to the invention; advantageous behavior during formulation or application, eg during grinding, sieving, emulsifying, dissolving or dispersing; improving storage stability; against light Improved stability; more favorable degradability; improved toxicological or ecotoxicological behavior; improved properties of useful plants including: germination, crop yield, more developed root system, increased tillering, Increased plant height, larger leaf blades, fewer dead rooted leaves, stronger tillers, darker green leaf color, less fertilizer required, fewer seeds required, More productive tillers Early flowering, early grain maturation, less plant planting (overlapping), improved shoot growth, improved plant growth and early germination; or any well known to those skilled in the art Is another advantage.

The combination according to the invention can also provide an improved osmotic transfer to the active compounds used. Indeed, even though some of the fungicidal compounds used do not have any or sufficient osmotic transfer properties, these compounds can exhibit such properties within the composition according to the invention.

Similarly, the combinations according to the invention can improve the persistence of the fungicidal efficacy of the active compounds used.

  Another advantage of the combination according to the invention is due to the fact that improved therapeutic properties can be achieved.

Compound (A) Isotianil is a member of a group of host defense inducers selected from (B) (B1) thiazinyl (2.1) and probenazole (2.2) and (B2) isopyrazam (2.3) and pro In combination with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of members of other fungicide groups selected from piconazole (2.4).

(A) Isotianil (chemical name 3,4-dichloro-N- (2-cyanophenyl) -5-isothiazole-carboxamide) and its production method based on commercially available compounds are described in WO 9
Can be found in 9/024413.

(2.1) Thiazinyl (Chemical name: N- (3-Chloro-4-methylphenyl) -4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxamide) and production method based on commercially available compounds Can be found in WO96 / 29871 / US6166604.

(2.2) Probenazole (chemical name: 3- (2-propenyloxy) -1,2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide) and its production method based on commercially available compounds,
Can be found in US Pat. No. 3,629,428.

(2.3) Isopyrazam is 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N-[(1RS
, 4SR, 9RS) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-isopropyl-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl] pyrazole-4-carboxamide both syn isomers and 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N-[(1RS, 4SR, 9SR) -1,2,
3,4-Tetrahydro-9-isopropyl-1,4-methananaphthalen-5-yl] pyrazole-4-carboxamide containing both anti isomers. Isopyrazam further comprises isopyrazam (anti-epimer racemate 1RS, 4SR, 9SR
), Isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1R, 4S, 9S), isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1S, 4R, 9R), isopyrazam (syn
Including epimeric racemates 1RS, 4SR, 9RS), isopyrazams (syn-epimeric enantiomers 1R, 4S, 9R) and isopyrazams (syn-epimeric enantiomers 1S, 4R, 9S). Isopyrazam and its production process based on commercially available compounds are given in WO 2004/035589.

(2.4) propiconazole (chemical name: 1-[[2- (2,4-dichlorophenyl)-
4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl] methyl] -1H-1,2,4-triazole) and its production process based on commercially available compounds can be found in DE-A 2551560.

Compound (A) Isotianil and Compound (B) in a combination or composition according to the invention
(2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4) can be combined in any specific ratio between the two essential components. In a combination or composition according to the invention, a compound (
A) and compound (B) have a synergistically effective weight ratio of (A) :( B) in the range of 1000: 1 to 1: 1000, preferably 500: 1 to 1: 500. Most preferably present in a weight ratio of 100: 1 to 1: 100. Further ratios of (A) :( B) that can be used according to the invention are in the order of increasing preference: 800: 1 to 1: 800,
0: 1 to 1: 700, 750: 1 to 1: 750, 600: 1 to 1: 600, 400
: 1 to 1: 400, 300: 1 to 1: 300, 250: 1 to 1: 250, 200:
1 to 1: 200, 95: 1 to 1:95, 90: 1 to 1:90, 85: 1 to 1: 8
5, 80: 1 to 1:80, 75: 1 to 1:75, 70: 1 to 1:70, 65: 1 to 1:65, 60: 1 to 1:60, 55: 1 to 1:55, 45: 1 to 1:45, 4
0: 1 to 1:40, 35: 1 to 1:35, 30: 1 to 1:30, 25: 1 to 1:
25, 20: 1 to 1:20, 15: 1 to 1:15, 10: 1 to 1:10, 5: 1 to 1: 5, 4: 1 to 1: 4, 3: 1 to 1: 3, 2: 1 to 1: 2. Preferred ratios are 25: 1 to 1:25, 20: 1 to 1:20, 15: 1 to 1:15, 10: 1 to 1:10, 5: 1 to 1: 5, 4: 1 to 1: 4, 3: 1 to 1: 3, 2: 1 to 1:
2. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the combination partner (A) :( B) is present in a weight ratio of 1:25 to 25: 1. A more preferred ratio is 10: 1 to 1:10.
5: 1 to 1: 5, 4: 1 to 1: 4, 3: 1 to 1: 3, 2: 1 to 1: 2.
The most preferred ratio is 5: 1 to 1: 5, 4: 1 to 1: 4, 3: 1 to 1: 3, 2: 1 to 1: 2.

The following combinations exemplify specific embodiments of the combinations according to the invention:
Isothianyl + thiazinyl; Isothianyl + Probenazole; Isothianyl + Isopyrazam; and Isothianyl + Propiconazole.

The above combinations or compositions may be used alone or in order to broaden the spectrum of action or to prevent the development of resistance, other active ingredients such as fungicides, fungicides, acaricides,
Used in combination with nematicides, herbicides, insecticides, micronutrients and compounds containing micronutrients, toxicity mitigators, lipochitooligosaccharide compounds (LCO), soil amendments or products to reduce plant stress, such as Myconate Which can be, for example:
(Active ingredients identified by their “generic name” herein are known, eg, P
esticide Manual (“The Pesticide Manual”, 1
4th Ed. , British Crop Protection Council
2006) or the Internet (for example, http: // www
w. alanwood. net / pesticides)).

Antibiotics such as kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, validamycin, gentamicin, aureofungin, blasticidin-S, cycloheximide, griseofulvin, moroxidine, natamycin,
Polyoxins, polyoxolims and combinations thereof.

Fungicides:
(1) inhibitors of ergosterol biosynthesis, such as aldimorph, azaconazole, viteltanol, bromconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, epoxiconazole, Etaconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenhexamide, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fluquinconazole, flurprimidol, flusilazole, flutriaphor, fluconazole, fluconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imazalyl, imazalyl sulfate, imibenco Nazole, ipconazole, metconazole, microbutanyl, naphthifine, nuarimol, oxpoconazole, paclobutrazol, pe Razoeto, penconazole, Piperarin, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, pyributicarb, pyrifenox, Kinkonazoru, simeconazole, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, terbinafine, Tetraconazole tetrazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, tridemorph, triflumizole,
Triforin, triticonazole, uniconazole, uniconazole-p, biniconazole, voriconazole, 1- (4-chlorophenyl) -2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) cycloheptanol, methyl 1- (2 , 2-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl) -1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate, N′-
{5- (Difluoromethyl) -2-methyl-4- [3- (trimethylsilyl) propoxy] phenyl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-ethyl-N-methyl-
N ′-{2-methyl-5- (trifluoromethyl) -4- [3- (trimethylsilyl) propoxy] phenyl} imidoformamide and O- [1- (4-methoxyphenoxy)
-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl] 1H-imidazole-1-carbothioate.

(2) Inhibitors of the respiratory chain in complex I or II, such as bixaphene, boscalid, carboxin, diflumetrim, fenflam, fluopyram, flutolanil, floxapyroxad, frametopyl, flumeciclox, racemic syn-epimer 1RS, 4SR, 9RS and anti-epimeric racemates 1RS, 4SR,
9SR), isopyrazam (anti-epimer racemate 1RS, 4SR, 9S)
R), isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1R, 4S, 9S), isopyrazam (anti-epimer enantiomer 1S, 4R, 9R), isopyrazam (sy)
n-epimer racemate 1RS, 4SR, 9RS), isopyrazam (syn-epimer enantiomer 1R, 4S, 9R), isopyrazam (syn-epimer enantiomer 1)
S, 4R, 9S), mepronil, oxycarboxin, penflufen, pentiopyrad, sedaxane, tifluzamide, 1-methyl-N- [2- (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl] -3- (tri Fluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- [2- (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy) phenyl] -1H-pyrazole-4- Carboxamide, 3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [4-fluoro-2- (1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy) phenyl] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N- [
1- (2,4-Dichlorophenyl) -1-methoxypropan-2-yl] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5,8-difluoro-N- [2- (2-Fluoro-4-{[4- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-2-yl] oxy} phenyl) ethyl] quinazolin-4-amine, N- [9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2,3 4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl] -3- (
Difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N-[(1
S, 4R) -9- (Dichloromethylene) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4 Carboxamide and N-[(1R, 4S) -9- (dichloromethylene) -1,2
, 3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl] -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.

(3) Inhibitors of respiratory chain in complex III, such as amethoctrazine, amisulbrom, azoxystrobin, cyazofamid, cumethoxystrobin, cumoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobrin, famoxadone, fenamidone, phenoxy Strobin, fluoxastrobin, cresoxime-methyl, metminostrobin, orissastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyramethostrobin, pyroxystrobin, pyribencarb, triclopyricarb, trifloxystrobin, (
2E) -2- (2-{[6- (3-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy) -5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl] oxy} phenyl) -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methylethaneamide, (2E) -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methyl-2- (2-{[({(1E)-
1- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethylidene} amino) oxy] methyl} phenyl) ethanamide, (2E) -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methyl-2- {2- [
(E)-({1- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethoxy} imino) methyl]
Phenyl} ethanamide, (2E) -2- {2-[({[(1E) -1- (3-{[(E
) -1-fluoro-2-phenylethenyl] oxy} phenyl) ethylidene] amino} oxy) methyl] phenyl} -2- (methoxyimino) -N-methylethanamide, (2E
) -2- {2-[({[(2E, 3E) -4- (2,6-dichlorophenyl) but-3-
En-2-ylidene] amino} oxy) methyl] phenyl} -2- (methoxyimino)-
N-methylethaneamide, 2-chloro-N- (1,1,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide, 5-methoxy-2-methyl-4 -(2-{[({(1E) -1- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethylidene} amino) oxy] methyl} phenyl) -2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-
Triazol-3-one, methyl (2E) -2- {2-[({cyclopropyl [(4-methoxyphenyl) imino] methyl} sulfanyl) methyl] phenyl} -3-methoxyprop-2-enoate, N- (3-ethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-
3- (formylamino) -2-hydroxybenzamide, 2- {2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl] phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide and (2
R) -2- {2-[(2,5-dimethylphenoxy) methyl] phenyl} -2-methoxy-N-methylacetamide.

(4) Mitotic and cell division inhibitors such as benomyl, carbendazim, chlorphenazole, dietofencarb, ethaboxam, fluopicolide, fuberidazole, pencyclon, thiabendazole, thiophanate-methyl, thiophanate, zoxamide, 5-chloro-7- ( 4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) -6- (2,4,6-trifluorophenyl) [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidine and 3-chloro-
5- (6-Chloropyridin-3-yl) -6-methyl-4- (2,4,6-trifluorophenyl) pyridazine.

(5) Compounds having multi-site action, such as Bordeaux liquid, captahol, captan, chlorothalonil, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oxide, basic copper chloride, copper sulfate (2+
), Dichlorofluanide, dithianon, dodine, dodine free base, felbum, fluorophorpet, holpet, guazatine, guazatin acetate, iminoctadine, iminoctadine albesylate, iminoctadine triacetate, mankappa, mancozeb, manneb, methylam, methylam zinc Sulfur formulations, including oxine-copper, propamidine, propineb, sulfur and calcium polysulfides, thiram, tolylfluanid, dineb and ziram.

(6) Compounds capable of inducing host defense, such as acibenzoral-S-methyl,
Isothianyl, probenazole and thiazinyl.

(7) Inhibitors of amino acid and / or protein biosynthesis, such as andprim, blasticidin-S, cyprodinil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil and 3- (5-fluoro-3,3,4,4) -Tetramethyl-3,
4-Dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline.

(8) Inhibitors of ATP production, such as fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide and silthiofam.

(9) Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis, such as Bench Avaricarb, Dimethomorph, Flumorph,
Iprovaricarb, mandipropamide, polyoxin, polyoxolim, validamycin A and variphenate.

(10) Inhibitors of lipids and membrane synthesis, such as biphenyl, chloronebu, dichlorane, edifenephos, etridiazole, iodocarb, iprobenphos, isoprothiolane,
Propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, prothiocarb, pyrazophos, quintozen, technazen and tolcrofos-methyl.

(11) Inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis, such as carpropamide, diclocimet, phenoxanyl, phthalide, pyroxylone, tricyclazole and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl {3-methyl-1-[(4-methylbenzoyl) amino] butane- 2-yl} carbamate.

(12) Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, such as benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (kiralaxil)
, Bupyrimeto, cloziracone, dimethymol, ethylimol, furaxyl, hymexazole, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (mefenoxam), ofrase, oxadixyl and oxophosphoric acid.

(13) Signal transduction inhibitors such as clozolinate, fenpicuronyl, fludioxonil, iprodione, procymidone, quinoxyphene and vinclozoline.

(14) Compounds that can act as uncouplers, such as binapacryl, dinocup, ferrimzone, fluazinam and meptyldinocup.

(15) Further compounds such as benazole, betoxazine, capsimycin, carvone, quinomethionate, pliophenone (clazaphenone)
)), Kufuranebu, cyflufenamide, simoxanyl, cyprosulfamide, dazomet, devacarb, dichlorophen, dichromedin, diphenzocoat, difenzocoat methylsulfate, diphenylamine, ecomate, fenpyrazamine, flumethoverl, fluoroimide, flusulfamide, fluthianyl, Fosetyl-aluminum, fosetyl-calcium, fosetyl-sodium, hexachlorobenzene, ilumamycin, metasulfocarb, methylisothiocyanate, metolaphenone, myrdiomycin, natamycin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrotal-isopropyl, octyrinone, oxamocarb, oxyfentiin , Pentachlorophenol and salts, phenothrin, Acid and its salt, propamocarb-fosetylate (fo
setylate), propanocin-sodium, proquinazide, pyrimorph, (2E)
-3- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1
-(Morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one, (2Z) -3- (4-te
rt-Butylphenyl) -3- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -1- (morpholin-4-yl) prop-2-en-1-one, pyrrolnitrin, tebufloquine, teclophthalam, torniphanide, triazoxide , Trichlamide, zaliramide, (3S, 6S,
7R, 8R) -8-Benzyl-3-[({3-[(isobutyryloxy) methoxy] -4
-Methoxypyridin-2-yl} carbonyl) amino] -6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-7-yl 2-methylpropanoate, 1- (4- {4-[(
5R) -5- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -1,3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidin-1-yl) -2- [5-
Methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] ethanone, 1- (
4- {4-[(5S) -5- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-1,
2-oxazol-3-yl] -1,3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidin-1-yl) -2- [5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] ethanone , 1- (4- {4- [5- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -4,5-dihydro-
1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -1,3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidin-1-
Yl) -2- [5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] ethanone, 1- (4-methoxyphenoxy) -3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl 1
H-imidazole-1-carboxylate, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4- (methylsulfonyl) pyridine, 2,3-dibutyl-6-chlorothieno [2,3-d] pyrimidine-4 (3H) -One, 2- [5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] -1- (4- {4-[(5R) -5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro- 1
, 2-Oxazol-3-yl] -1,3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidin-1-yl) ethanone, 2- [5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-1
-Yl] -1- (4- {4-[(5S) -5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -1,3-thiazol-2-yl} piperidine- 1-yl) ethanone, 2- [5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl]
-1- {4- [4- (5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl) -1,3-thiazol-2-yl] piperidin-1-yl} ethanone, 2 -Butoxy-6-iodo-3-propyl-4H-chromen-4-one, 2-chloro-5- [2-chloro-1- (2,6-difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl) -4-methyl-1H -Imidazol-5-yl] pyridine, 2-phenylphenol and salts, 3- (4,4,5-trifluoro-3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-yl) quinoline, 3
, 4,5-trichloropyridine-2,6-dicarbonitrile, 3- [5- (4-chlorophenyl) -2,3-dimethyl-1,2-oxazolidin-3-yl] pyridine, 3-chloro-5 -(4-Chlorophenyl) -4- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -6-methylpyridazine, 4- (4-chlorophenyl) -5- (2,6-difluorophenyl) -3,6
-Dimethylpyridazine, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 5-
Chloro-N′-phenyl-N ′-(prop-2-yn-1-yl) thiophene-2-sulfonohydrazide, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-fluorobenzyl) oxy] pyrimidine-
4-amine, 5-fluoro-2-[(4-methylbenzyl) oxy] pyrimidine-4-amine, 5-methyl-6-octyl [1,2,4] triazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidine-
7-amine, ethyl (2Z) -3-amino-2-cyano-3-phenylprop-2-enoate, N ′-(4-{[3- (4-chlorobenzyl) -1,2,4-thiadiazole −
5-yl] oxy} -2,5-dimethylphenyl) -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N- (4-chlorobenzyl) -3- [3-methoxy-4- (prop-2-yne-) 1-yloxy) phenyl] propanamide, N-[(4-chlorophenyl) (cyano) methyl] -3- [3-methoxy-4- (prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) phenyl] propanamide, N- [(5-Bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl) methyl] -2
, 4-Dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N- [1- (5-Bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl) ethyl] -2,4-dichloropyridine-3-carboxamide, N- [
1- (5-Bromo-3-chloropyridin-2-yl) ethyl] -2-fluoro-4-iodopyridine-3-carboxamide, N-{(E)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy) imino] [6- (Difluoromethoxy) -2,3-difluorophenyl] methyl} -2-phenylacetamide, N-{(Z)-[(cyclopropylmethoxy) imino] [6- (difluoromethoxy) -2,3-difluorophenyl] Methyl} -2-phenylacetamide,
N ′-{4-[(3-tert-butyl-4-cyano-1,2-thiazol-5-yl)
Oxy] -2-chloro-5-methylphenyl} -N-ethyl-N-methylimidoformamide, N-methyl-2- (1-{[5-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole- 1-yl] acetyl} piperidin-4-yl) -N- (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) -1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, N-methyl-2- (1 -{[5-Methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazole-1-
Yl] acetyl} piperidin-4-yl) -N-[(1R) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl] -1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, N-methyl-
2- (1-{[5-Methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl] acetyl} piperidin-4-yl) -N-[(1S) -1,2,3,4 -Tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl] -1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide, pentyl {6- [
({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylidene] amino} oxy) methyl] pyridin-2-yl} carbamate, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid,
Quinoline-8-ol, quinolin-8-ol sulfate (2: 1) and tert-
Butyl {6-[({[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylene] amino} oxy) methyl] pyridin-2-yl} carbamate.

(16) Further compounds such as 1-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -N- [2
'-(Trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N- (4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl) -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-
Methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N- (2 ′, 4′-dichlorobiphenyl-2-yl) -3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3- (difluoro Methyl) -1-methyl-N- [4 ′-(trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N- (2 ′, 5
'-Difluorobiphenyl-2-yl) -1-methyl-3- (trifluoromethyl) -1
H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3- (difluoromethyl) -1-methyl-N- [
4 ′-(prop-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4
-Carboxamide, 5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N- [4 '-(prop-1-in-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N -[4 '-(prop-1-yn-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] pyridine-
3-carboxamide, 3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [4 ′-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-in-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-
Carboxamide, N- [4 ′-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-in-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] -5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 3 -(Difluoromethyl) -N- (4'-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl) -1-
Methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, N- (4′-ethynylbiphenyl-2
-Yl) -5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide,
2-chloro-N- (4′-ethynylbiphenyl-2-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N- [4 ′-(3,3-dimethylbut-1-in-1-yl) biphenyl -2-yl] pyridine-3-carboxamide, 4- (difluoromethyl) -2-methyl-N- [4 ′-(trifluoromethyl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1,3-thiazole-
5-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N- [4 ′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbuta-
1-In-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-
4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N- [4 ′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbuta-1
-In-1-yl) biphenyl-2-yl] pyridine-3-carboxamide, 3- (difluoromethyl) -N- [4 '-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl)
Biphenyl-2-yl] -1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 5-fluoro-N- [4 ′-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl) biphenyl-2- Yl] -1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, 2-chloro-N- [4 ′-(3-methoxy-3-methylbut-1-in-1-yl) biphenyl-
2-yl] pyridine-3-carboxamide, (5-bromo-2-methoxy-4-methylpyridin-3-yl) (2,3,4-trimethoxy-6-methylphenyl) methanone, N-
[2- (4-{[3- (4-Chlorophenyl) prop-2-yn-1-yl] oxy}-
3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl] -N2- (methylsulfonyl) valinamide, 4-oxo-4-[(2-phenylethyl) amino] butanoic acid and but-3-yn-1-yl {
6-[({[(Z)-(1-Methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (phenyl) methylene] amino} oxy) methyl] pyridin-2-yl} carbamate, and combinations thereof.

Insecticides, acaricides and nematicides:
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, such as carbamates, such as alanicarb, aldicarb, bendicarb, benfuracarb, butoxycarboxym, butoxycarboxym, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, etiophencarb,
Fenobucarb, formethanate, furthiocarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, mesomil, metorcarb, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxyl, thiodicarb, thiophanox, triazamate, trimetacarb, XMC and xylylcarb; or organophosphates such as acephate, azamethiphos, azinephos-ethyl Azinphos-methyl, kazusafos, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenvinphos, chlormefos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, coumaphos, cyanophos, demeton-S-
Methyl, diazinon, dichlorvos / DDVP, dicrotophos, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, etoprophos, famfur, phenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, phosthiazete, heptenophos, imisiaphos, isofenphos, isopropyl O- (methoxyaminothio-phosphoryl) Salicylate, Isoxathion, Malathion, Mecarbam, Metamidophos, Methidathion, Mevinphos, Monocrotophos, Nared, Omethoate, Oxydemeton-methyl, Parathion, Parathion-methyl, Fentoate, Folate, Fosalone, Phosmet, Phospamidon, Hoxime, Pirimiphos-methyl, Profenophos , Prothiophos, pyracrofos, pyridafenthio Quinolphos, sulfotep, tebupyrimfos, temefos, terbufos, tetrachlorbinphos, thiomethone, triazophos, trichlorfone (
Tricolor) and bamidethione.

GABAergic chloride channel antagonists such as cyclodiene organochlorines such as chlordane and endosulfan; or phenylpyrazole (fiprol) such as ethiprole and fipronil.

Sodium channel modulators / voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, such as pyrethroids, such as acrinathrin, alletrin, d-cis-trans alletrin, d-trans alletrin, bifenthrin, bioalletrin, bioarethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomers, violesmethrin, cycloprotorin , Cyfluthrin, beta-
Cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, ciphenothrin [(1R) -trans isomer], deltamethrin, Empentrin [(EZ)-(1R) isomer), esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenpropatoline, fenvalerate, flucitrinate, flumethrin, tau-fulvalinate, halfenprox, imiprotorin, cadetrin, permethrin, phenothrin [(1R) -trans isomer), praretrin, pyrethrin (insecticidal chrysanthemum), resmethrin, silafluophene, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tetramethrin [(1R) isomer] , Tralomethrin and Transfluthrin; or DD
T; or methoxychlor.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists such as neonicotinoids such as acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam; or nicotine.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric activators such as spinosyns such as spinetoram and spinosad.

Chloride channel activators such as avermectin / milbemycin, eg abamectin, emamectin benzoate, lepimectin and milbemectin.

Juvenile hormone mimics, such as juvenile hormone analogs such as hydroprene, quinoprene and methoprene; or phenoxycarb; or pyriproxyfen.

Various non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors such as alkyl halides, eg methyl bromide and other alkyl halides; or chloropicrin; or sulfuryl fluoride;
Or borax;

  Selective symbiotic feeding inhibitors such as pymetrozine; or flonicamid.

Tick growth inhibitors, such as clofentezin, hexothiazox and difluvidazine; or etoxazole.

Insect gut microbial disruptors, such as Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies isr, for example, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies isr
aelensis), Bacillus sphaericu (Bacillus sphaericu)
s), Bacillus thuringensis subsp.
gensis subspecies aizawai), Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies (Bacillus thuringiensis subspec)
ies kurstaki), Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies Tenebrionis (Ba)
cillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrio
nis) and BT crop proteins: Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa, Cr
y2Ab, mCry3A, Cry3Ab, Cry3Bb, Cry34 / 35Ab1.

Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase, such as diafenthiuron; or organotin acaricides, such as azocyclotin, cyhexatin and phenbutatin oxide; or propargite; or tetradiphone.

Uncoupling agents for oxidative phosphorylation via proton gradient decay, eg chlorfenapyr, D
NOC and sulfuramide.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers such as bensultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam and thiosultap-sodium.

Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0, such as bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novallon, nobiflumuron, teflubenzuron and triflumuuron.

  Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1, such as buprofezin.

  Molting disruptors such as cyromazine.

Ecdysone receptor agonists such as chromafenozide, halofenozide, methoxyphenozide and tebufenozide.

  Octopamine receptor agonists such as Amitraz.

Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors such as hydramethylnon; or acequinosyl; or fluacrylpyrim.

Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors, such as METI acaricides, such as phenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad; or rotenone (Derris).

Voltage-gated sodium channel blockers, such as indoxacarb; or metaflumizone.

Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase, such as derivatives of tetronic and tetramic acids, such as spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat.

Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors, such as phosphines, such as aluminum phosphide, calcium phosphide, phosphine and zinc phosphide; or cyanide.

  Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors, such as sienopyrafen.

Ryanodine receptor modulators such as diamides, such as chlorantraniliprole and fulvendiamide.

Additional active ingredients with unknown or unknown mode of action, such as amidoflumet, azadirachtin, bencrothiaz, benzoximate, biphenazate, bromopropyrate,
Quinomethionato, Cryolite, Cyantraniliprole (Ciadipir), Ciflumethofene, Dicohol, Diflovidazine, Fluenesulfone, Flufenem, Flufiprole, Fluopyram, Fufenozide, Imidacloz, Iprodione, Pyridalyl, Pyrifluquinazone and iodomethane;
products) (I-1582, BioNeem, Botivo) or 1: 3-bromo-N- {2-bromo-4-chloro-6- [] of the following known active compounds:
(1-Cyclopropylethyl) carbamoyl] phenyl} -1- (3-chloropyridine-
2-yl) -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2005/077934), 4-{[(6-bromopyridin-3-yl) methyl] (2-fluoroethyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -ON (known from WO 2007/115644), 4-{[(
6-fluoropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (2,2-difluoroethyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115644), 4-{[(2-chloro-1,3- Thiazol-5-yl) methyl] (2-fluoroethyl) amino} furan-2
(5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115644), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (2-fluoroethyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (W
O2007 / 115644), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (2,2-difluoroethyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (WO2007 /
No. 115644), 4-{[(6-Chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (methyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115643), 4-{[ (5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (2-fluoroethyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/115646), 4-
{[(6-Chloro-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (cyclopropyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (known from WO 2007/1155643), 4-{[(6
-Chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (cyclopropyl) amino} furan-2 (5H)
-One (known from EP-A-0539588), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (methyl) amino} furan-2 (5H) -one (EP-A-0539588)
Known from), {[1- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) ethyl] (methyl) oxide-
λ4-sulfanylidene} cyanamide (known from WO 2007/149134) and its diastereomers {[(1R) -1- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) ethyl] (methyl) oxide-λ4-sulfanylidene} cyanamide ( A) and {[(1S
) -1- (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) ethyl] (methyl) oxide-λ4-sulfanilidene} cyanamide (B) (also known from WO 2007/149134), as well as sulfoxafurol (also known from WO 2007/149134) and Its diastereomers, called the group of diastereomers A [(R) -methyl (oxide) {(1R
) -1- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl] ethyl} -λ4-sulfanylidene] cyanamide (A1) and [(S) -methyl (oxide) {(1S) -1- [
6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl] ethyl} -λ4-sulfanilidene]
Cyanamide (A2) (also known from WO2010 / 074747, WO2010 / 074751), called the group of diastereomers B [(R) -methyl (oxide) {(1S)
-1- [6- (Trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl] ethyl} -λ4-sulfanilidene] cyanamide (B1) and [(S) -methyl (oxide) {(1R) -1- [6
-(Trifluoromethyl) pyridin-3-yl] ethyl} -λ4-sulfanilidene] cyanamide (B2) (also known from WO 2010/074747, WO 2010/074751), and 11- (4-chloro-2,6-dimethylphenyl) ) -12-hydroxy-1,4-dioxa-9-azadispiro [4.2.4.2] tetradec-11-ene-1
0-one (known from WO 2006/089633), 3- (4′-fluoro-2,4-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl) -4-hydroxy-8-oxa-1-azaspiro [4.5
] Dec-3-en-2-one (known from WO 2008/067911), 1- {2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) sulfinyl] phenyl} -3- (Trifluoromethyl) -1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (WO
2006/043635), [(3S, 4aR, 12R, 12aS, 12bS)
-3-[(Cyclopropylcarbonyl) oxy] -6,12-dihydroxy-4,12b
-Dimethyl-11-oxo-9- (pyridin-3-yl) -1,3,4,4a, 5,6,
6a, 12,12a, 12b-decahydro-2H, 11H-benzo [f] pyrano [4,3
-B] chromen-4-yl] methyl cyclopropanecarboxylate (WO2008 /
066153), 2-cyano-3- (difluoromethoxy) -N, N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO 2006/056433), 2-cyano-3- (
Difluoromethoxy) -N-methylbenzenesulfonamide (WO 2006/10028)
8), 2-cyano-3- (difluoromethoxy) -N-ethylbenzenesulfonamide (known from WO 2005/035486), 4- (difluoromethoxy) -N-ethyl-N-methyl-1,2-benzothiazole -3-Amine 1,1-dioxide (WO
2007-057407), N- [1- (2,3-dimethylphenyl) -2- (
3,5-dimethylphenyl) ethyl] -4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-amine (known from WO 2008/104503), {1 ′-[(2E) -3- (4-chlorophenyl) propaline -2-en-1-yl] -5-fluorospiro [indole-3,4 '
-Piperidine] -1 (2H) -yl} (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) methanone (WO
2003/106457), 3- (2,5-dimethylphenyl) -4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,8-diazaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-2-one (WO2).
009/049851), 3- (2,5-dimethylphenyl) -8-methoxy-
2-Oxo-1,8-diazaspiro [4.5] dec-3-en-4-yl ethyl carbonate (known from WO 2009/049851), 4- (but-2-yn-1-yloxy) -6- ( 3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl) -5-fluoropyrimidine (WO
2004/099160), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) malononitrile (WO2005 / 0)
63094), (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl)
(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl) malononitrile (WO2005 / 063)
094), 8- [2- (cyclopropylmethoxy) -4- (trifluoromethyl) phenoxy] -3- [6- (trifluoromethyl) pyridazin-3-yl] -3-azabicyclo [3.2 .1] Octane (known from WO 2007/040280), 2-ethyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzo Dioxin-6-yl) oxy] quinolin-4-yl methyl carbonate (known from JP 2008/110953), 2-ethyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-6-[(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro- 2,3-Dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl) oxy] quinolin-4-yl acetate (JP2008 / 110
953), PF1364 (CAS-Reg. No. 1204776-60-2)
(Known from JP 2010/018586), 5- [5- (3,5-dichlorophenyl)-
5- (Trifluoromethyl) -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-
2- (1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) benzonitrile (WO2007 / 0
75459), 5- [5- (2-chloropyridin-4-yl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -2- (1H -1
, 2,4-Triazol-1-yl) benzonitrile (known from WO 2007/07459), 4- [5- (3,5-dichlorophenyl) -5- (trifluoromethyl) -4,
5-Dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl] -2-methyl-N- {2-oxo-2
-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) amino] ethyl} benzamide (WO2005
/ 085216), 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (cyclopropyl) amino} -1,3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one, 4-{[(6-chloro Pyridin-3-yl) methyl] (2,2-difluoroethyl) amino} -1,3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (ethyl ) Amino} -1,3-oxazol-2 (5H) -one, 4-{[(6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl] (methyl) amino} -1,3-oxazole-2 (5H)- ON (all known from WO2010 / 005692), NNI-0711 (WO200209)
6882), 1-acetyl-N- [4- (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropan-2-yl) -3-isobutylphenyl] -N-isobutyryl- 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (WO20020968)
82), methyl 2- [2-({[3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridine-2
-Yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl] carbonyl} amino) -5-chloro-3-methylbenzoyl] -2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (WO 2005/085216)
Known), methyl 2- [2-({[3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl] carbonyl} amino) -5-cyano-3-methyl Benzoyl] -2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), methyl 2- [2-({[3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl)
-1H-pyrazol-5-yl] carbonyl} amino) -5-cyano-3-methylbenzoyl] -2-methylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), methyl 2- [3,5-dibromo-2- ({[3-Bromo-1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl] carbonyl} amino) benzoyl] -1
, 2-Diethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216),
Methyl 2- [3,5-dibromo-2-({[3-bromo-1- (3-chloropyridine-
2-yl) -1H-pyrazol-5-yl] carbonyl} amino) benzoyl] -2-ethylhydrazinecarboxylate (known from WO 2005/085216), (5RS,
7RS; 5RS, 7SR) -1- (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -1,2,3,5
, 6,7-Hexahydro-7-methyl-8-nitro-5-propoxyimidazo [1,2-
a] Pyridine (known from WO2007 / 101369), 2- {6- [2- (5-Fluoropyridin-3-yl) -1,3-thiazol-5-yl] pyridin-2-yl} pyrimidine (WO2010 / 006713), 2- {6- [2- (pyridin-3-yl) -1,3-thiazol-5-yl] pyridin-2-yl} pyrimidine (WO2010 /
006713), 1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -N- [4-cyano-
2
-Methyl-6- (methylcarbamoyl) phenyl] -3-{[5- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-tetrazol-1-yl] methyl} -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2010/066952), 1- (3-Chloropyridin-2-yl) -N
-[4-cyano-2-methyl-6- (methylcarbamoyl) phenyl] -3-{[5- (
Trifluoromethyl) -2H-tetrazol-2-yl] methyl} -1H-pyrazole-
5-carboxamide (known from WO 2010/069502), N- [2- (tert-
Butylcarbamoyl) -4-cyano-6-methylphenyl] -1- (3-chloropyridin-2-yl) -3-{[5- (trifluoromethyl) -1H-tetrazol-1-yl]
Methyl} -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (known from WO 2010/066952), N- [2- (tert-butylcarbamoyl) -4-cyano-6-methylphenyl] -1- (3-chloropyridine-2- Yl) -3-{[5- (trifluoromethyl) -2
H-tetrazol-2-yl] methyl} -1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (WO
2010/066952) and (1E) -N-[(6-chloropyridine-3
-Il) methyl] -N'-cyano-N- (2,2-difluoroethyl) ethanimidoamide (known from WO 2008/009360).

Micronutrients and micronutrient-containing compounds:
In the context of the present invention, the micronutrient and the micronutrient-containing compound are a group consisting of at least one metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc, manganese, molybdenum, iron and copper or an active ingredient containing micronutrient boron. Relates to a compound selected from More preferably, these micronutrients and micronutrient-containing compounds are the zinc-containing compound propineb,
Polyoxin Z (zinc salt), dineb, ziram, zinc thiodazole
), Zinc naphthenate and mancozeb (which also contains manganese), manganese-containing compounds manneb, methylam and mankappa (which also contain copper), iron-containing compounds felbum, copper (Cu) and copper-containing compounds Bordeaux liquid, Burgundy liquid (Burgun
dy mixture), Cheshunt liquid, basic copper chloride, copper sulfate, basic copper sulfate (for example, tribasic copper sulfate), copper oxide, copper octoate,
Copper hydroxide, oxine-copper, copper ammonium acetate, copper naphthenate, chelated copper (eg as amino acid chelate), mankappa, acipetax
) -Copper, copper acetate, basic copper carbonate, copper oleate, copper silicate, copper zinc chromate, kufuraneb, cuprobam, saisentong and thiodiazole-copper, and combinations thereof Is done.

The combination according to the invention can be the composition itself, but the final composition used is usually compound (A), (B1) a member of the group of host defense inducers selected from thiazinyl and probenazole and (B2 ) By mixing with at least one compound (B) selected from the group consisting of members of other fungicide groups selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole, and by mixing with an inert carrier, and if necessary , Surfactants and / or other auxiliary agents for the formulation, such as bulking agents, etc., and combinations of oil formulations, emulsions, flowable formulations, wettable powders, granular wettable powders, powders, granules etc. It is prepared by formulating into Formulations used alone or by adding another inert component can be used as a pesticide.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a composition is prepared comprising mixing a synergistically effective combination according to the present invention with a bulking agent, a surfactant or a combination thereof.

  Certain additional components of this final composition will be described later.

“Composition” is a member of a group of compounds (A) and (B1) a host defense inducer selected from thiazinyl and probenazole and (B2) a member of another fungicide group selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole It can be prepared by formulating at least one compound (B) selected from the group consisting of as described above, and then making the formulation or dilutions thereof.

For the sake of clarity, the combination is a member of the group of host defense inducers selected from compounds (A) and (B1) thiazinyl and probenazole and (B2) other fungicides selected from isopyrazam and propiconazole. Means a physical combination with at least one compound (B) selected from the group consisting of members of the group, while the composition comprises:
Means a combination of the above combinations with further additives such as surfactants, solvents, carriers, pigments, antifoaming agents, thickeners and extenders in a form suitable for agrochemical applications.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a composition comprising an effective but non-phytotoxic amount of a combination of the present invention for controlling harmful microorganisms, particularly harmful fungi and bacteria. These are preferably fungicidal compositions comprising agriculturally suitable auxiliaries, solvents, carriers, surfactants or extenders.

In the context of the present invention, “control of harmful microorganisms” means a reduction of infection by harmful microorganisms compared to untreated plants, measured as fungicidal efficacy, preferably not treated 25-100% reduction compared to plants (100%), more preferably 40-100% reduction compared to untreated plants (100%); even more preferably infection by harmful microorganisms Is completely suppressed (70 to 100%). Control may be therapeutic, ie for the treatment of already infected plants, or protective, ie for the protection of plants that are not yet infected.

An “effective but non-phytotoxic amount” is sufficient to satisfactorily control a fungal disease of a plant or to completely eradicate a fungal disease, while at the same time causing some significant phytotoxic symptoms. It means no amount of the composition of the present invention. In general, this application rate can vary within a relatively wide range. It depends on several factors, for example the fungus to be controlled, the plant, the climatic conditions and the components of the composition of the invention.

The present invention also relates to a method for controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, which comprises contacting said microorganisms or their habitat with the above composition.

The present invention further relates to a method for treating seed, comprising contacting said seed with said composition. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the seed is treated with component (A) at the same time as it is treated with component (s) (B). According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than it is treated with component (s) (B).

  Finally, the present invention also relates to seed treated with the composition described above.

Formulations Suitable organic solvents include all polar and nonpolar organic solvents commonly used for formulation purposes. Preferably, the solvent is a ketone, such as methyl-isobutyl-ketone and cyclohexanone, an amide, such as dimethylformamide and an alkanecarboxylic acid amide, such as N, N-dimethyldecanamide and N, N-dimethyloctaneamide,
Furthermore, cyclic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-pyrrolidone, N-
Dodecyl-pyrrolidone, N-octyl-caprolactam, N-dodecyl-caprolactam and butyrolactone, as well as polar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylol, Solvesso ™, mineral oil such as white spirit (White spirit), petroleum, alkyl benzene and spindle oils, and esters such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate,
Adipic acid dibutyl ester, acetic acid hexyl ester, acetic acid heptyl ester, citric acid tri-n-butyl ester and phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester, and also alcohol, eg benzyl alcohol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol Selected from.

According to the invention, the carrier is a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance with which the active ingredients are mixed or combined for better applicability, in particular for application to plants or plant parts or seeds. . The carrier may be solid or liquid and is generally inert and should be suitable for use in agriculture.

Useful solid or liquid carriers include: ammonium salts and ground natural rocks such as kaolin, clay, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic rocks such as fine silica, alumina And natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols, especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral and vegetable oils, and derivatives thereof. Combinations of such carriers can also be used.

Suitable solid excipients and carriers include inorganic particles having an average particle size of between 0.005 and 20 μm, preferably between 0.02 and 10 μm, such as carbonates, silicates (sil
ikate), sulfates and oxides such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, so-called fine silica,
Examples include silica gel, natural or synthetic silicates and alumosilicates, and botanical products such as cereal flour, wood flour / sawdust and cellulose powder.

Useful solid carriers for granules include: natural rocks that have been crushed and sized, such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic coarse powders, and also organic materials Granules such as sawdust, coconut husk, corn cob and tobacco petiole are included.

Useful liquefied gas extenders or carriers are liquids that are gaseous at standard temperatures and under standard pressures, such as aerosol propellants such as halogenated hydrocarbons, and also butane, propane, nitrogen And carbon dioxide.

In formulations, tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose, and natural and synthetic polymers in powder, granule or latex form such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or natural phospholipids such as cephalin and lecithin As well as synthetic phospholipids. Further additives can be mineral and vegetable oils.

If the extender used is water, it is also possible to use, for example, an organic solvent as auxiliary solvent. Useful liquid solvents are essentially: aromatic compounds such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalene, chlorinated aromatic compounds and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, chloroethylene or dichloromethane, E.g. cyclohexane or paraffin, e.g. mineral oil fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols,
For example, butanol or glycol, and their ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strong polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and also water.

The composition according to the invention may additionally comprise further components, such as surfactants. Useful surfactants are emulsifiers and / or foam formers, dispersants or wetting agents with ionic or nonionic properties, or combinations of these surfactants. Examples of these are polyacrylic acid salts, lignosulfonic acid salts, phenolsulfonic acid or naphthalenesulfonic acid salts, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, or fatty amines, substituted phenols. (Preferably alkylphenol or arylphenol), salts of sulfosuccinates, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), polyethoxylated alcohols or phosphates of phenol, fatty esters of polyols, and sulfates, sulfonates and phosphates Compound derivatives such as alkyl aryl polyglycol ethers, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, aryl sulfonates, protein hydrolysates, lignin sulfite effluents and A Le cellulose. The presence of a surfactant is necessary when one of the active ingredients and / or one of the inert carriers is insoluble in water and when the application is carried out in water. The proportion of surfactant is between 5 and 40% by weight of the composition of the invention.

Suitable surfactants (adjuvants, emulsifiers, dispersants, protective colloids, wetting agents and adhesives) include all customary ionic and non-ionic substances, such as polyethoxylated ethoxylated nonylphenols, linear or branched alcohols. Alkylene glycol ethers, reaction products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, reaction products of fatty acid amines with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, as well as fatty acid esters, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyls Ether sulfates, alkyl ether phosphates, aryl sulfates, ethoxylated aryl alkylphenols, such as tristyryl-phenol-ethoxylates, and more Mention may be made of sulfated or phosphorylated arylalkylphenol-ethoxylates and ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols such as -ethoxy- and -propoxylate. Further examples are natural and synthetic water-soluble polymers such as lignosulfonates, gelatin, gum arabic, phospholipids, starches, hydrophobically modified starches and cellulose derivatives, especially cellulose esters and cellulose ethers, as well as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid esters, as well as methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters neutralized with alkali metal hydroxides As well as condensates of optionally substituted naphthalene sulfonate and formaldehyde.

Pigments such as inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian blue, and organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes, and micronutrients such as iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and Zinc salts can be used.

Antifoaming agents that may be present in the formulation include, by way of example, silicone emulsions, long chain alcohols, fatty acids and their salts, as well as fluorinated organic materials and combinations thereof.

Examples of thickeners are polysaccharides such as xanthan gum or bee gum, silicates such as attapulgite, bentonite as well as fine silica.

Where appropriate, it is also possible for other additional components, such as protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic substances, penetrants, stabilizers, scavengers, complexing agents to be present. . In general, the active ingredient can be combined with any solid or liquid additive customarily used for pharmaceutical purposes.

The combinations or compositions according to the invention can be used as such or in the form of their formulations or the use forms prepared therefrom, depending on their respective physical and / or chemical properties, eg aerosols, capsules Suspending agent, cold smoke thickener (cold-fo
gging concentrate), warm-fogging c
oncentrate), encapsulated granule, fine granule, flowable agent for seed treatment, ready-to-use solution, powder, emulsion, oil-in-water emulsion, water-in-oil emulsion, macro granule,
Fine granules, oil-dispersible powders, oil-miscible flowables, oil-miscible liquids, gas agents (under pressure), gas generating products, foams, pastes, pesticide-coated seeds, suspension formulations, suspensions Emulsions, solutions, suspensions
Impregnated with wettable powder, soluble powder, soluble powder and granule, water-soluble and water-dispersible granules or tablets, water-soluble and water-dispersible powder for seed treatment, wettable powder, active ingredient It can be used in the form of natural products and synthetic materials, and also microencapsulated materials in polymeric materials and seed coating materials, and also ULV cold and hot fumes.

The compositions of the present invention are not only formulations that are already ready for use and can be applied to plants or seeds using suitable equipment, but also commercial concentrates that must be diluted with water before use. Include. Conventional applications are, for example, dilution in water and subsequent spraying of the resulting spray solution, application after dilution in oil, direct application without dilution, seed treatment or soil application of granules. .

The combinations, compositions and formulations of the present invention are generally between 0.05 and 99% by weight,
Between 0.01 and 98% by weight of active ingredient, preferably between 0.1 and 95% by weight, more preferably between 0.5 and 90% by weight, most preferably between 10 and 70% by weight. Contains active ingredients in between. For special applications, for example for the protection of wood and derived timber products, the combinations, compositions and formulations according to the invention are generally between 0.0001 and 95% by weight, preferably between 0.001 and 60. Contains between% by weight of active ingredient.

The active ingredient content in the application forms prepared from the formulations can vary within wide limits. The concentration of the active ingredient in the application form is generally between 0.000001 and 95% by weight, preferably 0.
. Between 0001 and 2% by weight.

The mentioned preparations are in a manner known per se, for example with the active ingredient being at least one conventional bulking agent, solvent or diluent, adjuvant, emulsifier, dispersant and / or binder or fixative, wetting agent, water repellent Agents, if appropriate desiccants and UV stabilizers, and if appropriate dyes and pigments, antifoams, preservatives, inorganic and organic thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins, and also further processing aids, and It can also be prepared by mixing with water. Depending on the formulation type to be prepared, further processing steps, eg wet grinding,
Dry grinding and granulation are required.

The combinations or compositions of the invention can be used as such or in their (commercial) formulations,
And other (known) active ingredients such as insecticides, attractants, sterilizers, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growths in use forms prepared from these formulations Regulator, herbicide,
It may be present in combination with fertilizers, safeners and / or information chemicals.

The treatment of the present invention on plants and plant parts using the combination or composition can be carried out directly or by action on the surroundings, habitat or storage space, by conventional treatment methods, e.g. immersion, spraying, atomization, Irrigation, transpiration, dusting, fogging
g), spreading, foaming, coating, spreading (
spreading-on), irrigation (irrigation), drip irrigation, and in the case of propagation materials, especially in the case of seeds, also dry seed treatment, wet seed treatment, slurry treatment, shell formation (inc)
rustation), or by coating with one or more coatings. It is also possible to develop the combination or composition by the micro method, or to inject the combination or composition preparation or the combination or composition itself into the soil.

Plant / Crop Protection The combination or composition of the present invention has strong microbicidal activity and can be used in crop protection and material protection for the control of harmful microorganisms such as phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria .

The invention also relates to a method for controlling harmful microorganisms characterized in that the combination or composition of the invention is applied to phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria and / or their habitat.

Fungicides can be used for the control of phytopathogenic fungi in crop protection.
They are characterized by outstanding potency against a broad spectrum of phytopathogenic fungi, which include soil-borne pathogens, in particular the Pneumophorae (Plasmod)
iophoromicets), Peronosporomices
) (Syn. Omycetes), Chitridiomyc
etes), Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes
s), Basidiomycetes and Deuterom
ycetes) (Syn. Fungi impacti). Some fungicides have osmotic activity and can be used as leaf, seed dressing or soil fungicides in plant protection. Furthermore, they are suitable for combating fungi, especially fungi that parasitize the roots of wood or plants.

Bactericides are used in crop protection in the Xanthomonasaceae family.
e), Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobium (Rhi)
It can be used for the control of zobiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, and Streptomycesaceae.

Non-limiting examples of fungal pathogens that can be treated according to the present invention include the following:
Diseases caused by powdery mildew pathogens, for example, Blumeria species such as Blumeria graminis (Blu
meria graminis); Podosphaera sp
egies), for example, Podosphaera leucotrica (Podosphaera leu)
cotricha); Sphaerotheca species (Sphaerotheca species)
), For example, Sphaerotheca furigine
a); caused by Uncinula species, such as Uncinula necator;
Diseases caused by rust disease pathogens, for example, Gymnosporangium species, such as Gimnosporangium sabinae; Hemileis species, (Hem
ileia vasatatrix); Phakopsora spe
cies), for example Phakopsora pachyrhi
zi) and Phakopsora meibomiae
); Puccinia species, such as Puccinia recondite, P .; Tritisina (P. tritici
na), P.I. P. graminis or P. graminis Struiformis (P.s
triomiforms); Uromyces species, eg, Uromyces appendiculatus
Due to:
Diseases caused by pathogens from the group of Omycetes, such as Albugo species, such as Albugo candida
dida); Bremia species, such as Bremia lactucae; Peronospora
species), for example Peronospora pisi
Or P.I. P. brassicae; Phytophthora species (Phytoph)
thora specifications), eg, Phytophthora infestans (Phytop)
hthoora infestans); Plasmopara sp
ecies), for example, Plasmopara viticol
a); Pseudoperonospora species (Pseudoperonospora species)
s), for example, Pseudoperonospora h
umuli) or pseudoperonospora cubensis (Pseudoperonos)
pora cubensis); Phythium species,
For example due to Pythium ultimum;
Leaf blotch disease and leaf wilt disease (lea)
f wilt disease, for example, Alternaria spp.
species), for example, Alternaria sola
ni); Cercospora species, such as Cercospora beticola; Cladiosporium species, such as Cladiosporium sp., Cradiosporum For example, Cochliobols Sachibus (C
ochliobulus sativus) (conidia form: Drechlera (Drechs)
lera), Syn: synonymous with Helminthosporium), Cochliobols Miyabeanu
s); Colletotrichum species, such as Colletotrichum lindemmut
Hannium; Cycloconium species, such as Cycloconium oleaginum;
Diaporthe species, such as Diaporte Citri (
Diaporthe citri); Elsinoe species
), E.g. Elsinoe fawsettii; Gloeosporium species, e.g., Gloeosporium laeticolol; Glomerella sp.
Glomerella cingula); Guinardia species
a species), for example, Guignardia bi
dwelli); Leptosperia species (Leptosphaeria species)
), For example, Leptosphaeria maculas
ns), Leptosphaeria nodrum
Magnaporthe species, such as Magnaporthe grisea; Microdochium species
odochium specifications), for example, Microdokium nibara (Microdo
chim nivale); Mycosphaerella species (Mycosphaerella)
species), for example, Mycosphaerel
la gramicola), M.M. Arachidikola (M. arachidicola)
And M.C. M. fijiensis; Phaeosfaelia species (P
haeosphereia species), for example Phaeosfaeria nodrum; Pyrenophora species (Pyrenop)
hora species, eg Pyrenophora teres (Pyrenophora)
teres), Pyrenophora tritis repentis (Pyrenophora tri)
tici repentis); Ramularia species (Ramularia species)
), For example, Ramularia collo-cygni
Ramularia areola; Rynchosporium species, such as Rhynchosporium secalis; Septor species
ia specifications), for example, Septoria apii,
Septoria lycopersii; Tifula species (
Typhula specials), for example Tifula incarnata
ncarnat); due to Venturia species, such as Venturia inaequalis;
Root and stem diseases such as Corticium species
For example, Corticium graminearum
); Fusarium species, such as Fusarium oxysporum; Gaumnomyces species (Gaeu)
mannomyces species), for example, Gaumanomyces graminis (Ga
eumannomyces graminis); Rhizocto sp.
nia specifications), for example Rhizoctonia sulani
caused by olani); Salocladium disease
ease), for example, Salocladium oryzae
Due to sclerotium disease, such as sclerotium oryzae; Tapesial species, such as Tapesia aformis
esia acuformis); Thielabioopsis
species), for example, Thielabiopsis
due to basicola);
Diseases of ear and panicles (including corn cobs), such as Alternaria species, such as Alternaria spp .; Aspergillus species, such as Aspergillus spp.
Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species (Clad
ospoorium species), for example, Cladosporium cladosporioides;
Claviceps specifications), for example, Clavices purpurea
ceps purpurea); Fusarium species such as Fusarium kurumorum (Fu
sarium culmorum); Gibberella species
es), for example, Gibberella zeae; Monografella species, such as Monographella nivariis; Septoria species, such as those from Septoria norum;
Diseases caused by smut fungi, such as Sphaceroteca sp.
species), for example, Sphaceloteca leliana
Eiliana); Tilletia species, such as Tilletia caries, T. et al. Controversa (T. cont
Roversa); Urocystis species, eg, Urocystis occulta; Ustylago species (U
stilago specifications), for example, Ustilago nuda (Ustilago nu)
da), U.I. Due to N. trida (U. nuda tritici);
Fruit rot, for example, Aspergillus species
For example, Aspergillus flavus; Botrytis species, such as Botrytis cinerea (Bot)
rytis cinerea); Penicillium spec
ies), for example, Penicillium expandan
sum) and P.I. P. purpurogenum; Sclerotinia species, such as Sclerotinia sclerotirum; Berchicilium species (
Verticilium species), for example Verticillium Arboatram (
Due to Verticillium alboarum);
Seed and soil mediated corrosion, mold, wilt, rot and damping-of
f disease), for example, Alternaria species
ies), for example, Alternaria brassicola.
Cicola); Aphanomyces spe
cies), for example, Aphanomyces eutekes
ices); Ascochita species
For example, caused by Ascochita lentis;
Aspergillus species, for example Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species, for example Cladosporium herbium (Cladosporium species; Cochliobolus species, eg, Cochliobols sativus; (conidia form: Drexerrera (D
rechslera, Bipolaris: Helmintosporium (H
synonymous with eleminthosporium);
lletotrichum species), for example, Choletotricum ccoccodes (C
caused by oletotrichum coccodes); Fusarium species (F
usarium specifications), for example Fusarium kurumorum (Fusarium)
caused by Culmorum; Gibberella species
ies), for example, due to Gibberella zeae; Macrophomina species, for example, Macrophomina phaseolaina; Monografera, for example Caused by Monographella nivalis; Penicillium species, such as Penicillium expansum; Forma species, such as Forma lingham P
caused by lingam; Phomopsis species
s), for example due to Phomopsis sojae; Phytophthora species, for example due to Phytophthora cactrum; Pirenophora species, Due to Pyrenophora graminea; Pyricularia species such as Pyriclaria oryzae (Py)
due to Ricularia oryzae; Phythium species
species), for example Pythium ultimum
); Caused by Rhizoctonia species, such as Rhizoctonia solani;
Rhizopus species, such as Rhizopus oryzae (Rhi
due to zopus oryzae; Sclerotiu
m specials), for example, Sclerotium r
due to olfsii); Septoria species
, For example due to Septoria nodrum;
Tifula species, such as Tifura incarnata (Typ)
caused by hula incarnat; Verticilium spp. (Vertici)
lilium species), for example Verticilium Verticil
lium dahlia));
Cancer diseases, gallbladder and witches' bloom, such as Nectria species, such as Nectria galigena (Nectr)
due to ia galligena);
Wilt disease, for example, Monilinia spp.
species), for example due to Monilinia laxa;
Leaf blister disease or leaf crest
url disease), for example, Exobasidium s species
pecies), for example, Exobasidium bexans
xans);
Taphrina species, for example, Taphrina deformans;
Degenerative diseases of woody plants, such as Esca disease, for example, Phaemonella clamidspora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum
hilum) and Fomitiporia meditenea
due to terranea ;; Eutypa dieback
back, eg due to Eutypa lata; Ganoderma disease, eg Ganoderma boninense (G
caused by anodera boninense; Rigidpols disease (Rigid)
oporous disease), eg Rigidoporus lignosus (Rigidopo)
rus lignosus);
Flower and seed diseases such as Botrytis species,
For example due to Botrytis cinerea;
Diseases of plant tubers, such as Rhizoctonia species
), For example from Rhizoctonia solani; Helmintosporium species, such as Helmintosporium solani;
Root nodules, for example, Plasmodiophora spec
ies), for example Plasmophorfora b.
rassicae);
Diseases caused by bacterial pathogens, such as Xanthomonas sp.
species), for example, Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic oryzae
onas campestris pv. oryzae); Pseudomonas species (Pse)
udomonas species), for example Pseudomonas syringae pv. lacrymans;
Due to Erwinia species, such as Erwinia amylovora.

Examples of phytopathogenic bacteria in apple, banana, citrus, kiwi, melon, peach, pear, pineapple, pomegranate, pomegranate, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumber, cucurbitaceae, tomato, potato, wheat, rice and soybean Is
Acidovorax avena subsp
. citrullli), Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Agrobacterium)
Ium tumefaciens), Aferanchoides fragaliae (Aphela)
nchoides fragariae), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus)
subtilis), Burkholderia spec.
, Burkholderia glamae, Candidatus Liberabacterium spe
c. ), Clavibacter michiganis
ensis), Krabibacter mysiganensis subsp.
ter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis), Krabibacter michiganensis subsp.
ganensis subsp. tessellariaus), Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sependix
subsp. Sepedonicus), Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Neb
raskensis), Krabibacter irax
nicus), Clavibacter tritici
Corynebacterium fascias
ns), Corynebacterium fractum fasciens pathogenic fractum fasciens (Co
rynebacterium fraccumfaciens pv. flaccumf
aciens), Corynebacterium michiganense (Corynebacterium)
Michiganense), Corynebacterium Michiganense pathogenic type Tritici (C
orynebacterium michiganense pv. tritici),
Corynebacterium Michiganense pathogenic Nebraskense (Corynebacterium)
um michiganense pv. nebraskense), Corynebacterium sepedonicum, Kurtobacterium fracfaciens pathogenic fractum faciens (Curtobac)
terium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens)
, Enterobacter dissolvens
), Erwinia subspecies, Erwinia amylovora, Erwinia bromeliad (Erwi)
Nia Ananas, Erwinia carotobola
ora), Erwinia carotobola subspecies Atroceptica (Erwinia carot)
obora subsp. atropeptica), Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora)
), Erwinia chrysanthemi, Erwinia chrysanthemi pathogenic zeae (Erwinia chrysanthemi p)
v. Zeae, Erwinia dissolvens
), Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia rhapontic, Erwinia stewartii, Erwinia trafira (Erwi)
nia tracheiphila), Erwinia uredoborah (Erwinia u)
redova), Pantoea agglomerans
ans), Peptobacterium carotobolum
otovorum), Pectobacterium carotobolum subspecies atrocepticum (Pec)
tobacterium carotovorum subsp. ateptic
um), Pectobacterium carotobolum subsp.
Ium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum), Pectobacterium chrysanthemi
Pseudomonas andropogonis (Pseudomonas andropogon)
is), Pseudomonas avena (Pseudomonas avena)
e subsp. avenae), Pseudomonas colgata (Pseudomonas)
corrugata), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas)
fluorescens, Pseudomonas gramae (Pseudomonas g)
lumae), Pseudomonas fusco
vaginae), Pseudomonas marginalis (Pseudomonas marg)
inalis), Pseudomonas marginalis pathogenic marginalis (Pseudomo)
nas marginalis pv. marginalis), Pseudomonas pseudoalkaligenes
, Pseudomonas pseudoalkigenes subsp. Citrulli (Pseudomonas p)
seudalcaligenes subsp. citrullli), Pseudomonas solanacearum, Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic Actinidae (Pseudomonas syringae).
tinidae), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic atrofaciens (Pseud)
omonas syringae pv. atrofaciens), Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas syringae p
v. coronafaciens), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic glycinea (P
seudomonas syringae pv. glycinea), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic lacrimance (Pseudomonas syringae pv.).
Lachrymans), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic macricola (Pseudo)
monas syringae pv. maculicola), Pseudomonas syringae pv (Pseudomonas syringae pv)
. striafaciens), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic syringae (Pse)
udomonas syringae pv. syringae) [Kiwi fruit is similarly damaged], Pseudomonas syringae tomato (Pseudomonas sy)
lingae pv. Tomato, Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic type Tabaki (Ps)
eudomonas syringae pv. tabaci), Ralstonia solanacearum, Rathaybacter tritici, Rhodococcus fasciens (R)
hodococcus fascians), spiroplasma kunkelii (Spiro)
plasma kunkelii), Streptomyces species (Streptomyces)
s spp. ), Streptomyces sca
biei), Streptomyces scabies (Streptomyces scabies)
es), Streptomyces acidiscabies (Streptomyces aci)
discabies), Streptomyces Tajdiscavies (Streptom)
yces turgidiscabies), Xanthomonas sp.
as spp. ), Xanthomonas axonopodis (Xanthomonas ax)
onopodis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic stri (Xanthom)
onas axonopodis pv. citri), Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic glycine (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.gly)
cines), Xanthomonas campestris (Xanthomonas campes)
stris), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic Almorasiae (Xanthom)
onas campestris pv. armoracaie), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic citrumello (Xanthomonas campestris pv)
. citrulumelo), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic citrus (Xanthho)
monas campestris pv. citri), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic glycine (Xanthomonas campestris pv.gly)
cines), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic holchicola (Xanthomomon)
as campestris pv. Holicola), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic maltacealum (Xanthomonas campestris pv.).
Malvacearum), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic Musesalum (Xa)
nthmonas campestris pv. musacearum), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic Pruni (Xanthomonas campestris)
pv. pruni), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic cucurbitae (Xant)
homomonas campestris pv. cucurbitae), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic vesicatoria (Xanthomonas campestri)
s pv. vesicaria), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic translucens (Xanthomonas campestris pv. transluce)
ns), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic oryzae (Xanthomonas ca)
mpestris pv. Oryzae), Xanthomonas fragaliae (Xanth)
omonas fragariae, Xanthomonas oryzae (Xanthomona)
s oryzae), Xanthomonas oryzae pathogenic oryzae (Xanthomonas)
oryzae pv. oryzae), Xanthomonas oryzae pathogenic type Oridicola (Xa
nthmonas oryzae pv. Oryzicola), Xanthomonas translucens, Xanthomonas translucens pathogenic translucens (Xanthomonas transluns)
sens pv. Translucens), Xylella fastidiosa (Xylell)
a fastidiosa), Acidborax avenae (Acidovorax av)
enae), Burkholderia spec., Burkholderia glumae, Candidatus Liberacter spec.,
Corynebacterium, Erwinia species (Erwi)
nia spec. ), Pseudomonas syrgae (Pseudomonas syr)
ingae), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic actinidae (Pseudomona)
s syringae pv. actinidae), Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea
Pseudomonas syringae tomato (Pseudomonas syringa)
e
pv. tomato), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic lacrimance (Pseud)
omonas syringae pv. lachrymans), Streptomyces spp., Xanthomonas sp.
nas spp. ), Xanthomonas axonopodis (Xanthomonas a)
xonopodis), Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic stri (Xanthho)
monas axonopodis pv. citri), Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic glycine (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.gl)
ycines), Xanthomonas campestris (Xanthomonas camp)
estris), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic Musesalum
onas campestris pv. musacearum), Xanthomonas campestris pruni (Xanthomonas campestris pv.p)
runi), Xanthomonas fragaliae (Xanthomonas fragari)
ae) and Xanthomonas translucense (Xanthomonas trans)
luscens).

The following bacterial pests can be preferably controlled: Acid Borax avenae (
Acidovorax avenae), Burkholderia species (Burkholder)
ia spec. ), Burkholderia glue
mae), Candidatus Riveribacter species
acter spec. ), Corynebacterium,
Erwinia spec. Erwinia amylobora (Erw)
inia amylovora), Erwinia carotobola (Erwinia car)
otovora), Erwinia carotobola subspecies Atroceptica (Erwinia c)
arotovara subsp. atropeptica), Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotobola (Erwinia carotovora subsp. caroto)
vora), Erwinia chrysanthemi
), Erwinia chrysanthe (Erwinia chrysanthe)
mi pv. zeae), Erwinia herbicola (Erwinia herbico)
la), Erwinia stewartii, Erwinia uredovora, Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas syringae p.
ae) Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic glycinea (Pseudomonas sy)
lingae pv. glycinea), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic tomato (
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato), Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas syringae pv.l
acrymans), Streptomyces spp.
), Xanthomonas spp., Xanthomonas axonopodis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic citri (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.).
citri), Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic glycine (Xanthomo)
nas axonopodis pv. glycines), Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic type Xanthomonas campestris pv.m
usacearum), Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic Pruni (Xanthom)
onas campestris pv. pruni), Xanthomonas fragaliae and Xanthomonas translucens.

The following bacterial pests can be preferably controlled in the following crops: Acidovorax avenae and / or Burkholderia glumae in rice, Candidaceae reverbacter species in citrus (Candidacus
ter spec. ) And / or Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic citri (
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri), Pseudomonas syrin (Pseudomonas syrinae) in Kiwi
gae pv. actinidae), Xanthomonas campestris in peach (
Xanthomonas campestris) and / or Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic Pruni (Xanthomonas campestris pv. Pr
uni), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic glycinea (Pseudo) in soybean
monas syringae pv. glycinea) and / or Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic glycine (Xanthomonas axonopodi)
s pv. glycines), Burkholderia species in cereals (Burkhold)
eria spec. ) And / or Xanthomonas translucense (Xanth)
omonas translucens), Pseudomonas syringae in tomatoes, Pseudomonas syringae tomatoes (Pseudomonas syringae pv.
), Pseudomonas syringae in cucumber
ngae) and / or Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic lacrimance (Pseud)
omonas syringae pv. lachrymans, Erwinia atroseptica, Erwinia caratovora and / or Streptomyces scabies in potatoes.

The following diseases of soybean can be preferably controlled:
Fungal diseases of leaves, stems, pods and seeds such as Alternaria spot disease (Alternar
ia leaf spot) (Alternaria sp. atlan tenuishima (atran)
s tenuissima)), anthrax (Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium varieties trankeitam (Colletotrichum gloeosporoi)
des dematum var. truncatum), brown scab
pot (Septoria glycines), Cercospora leaf spot and blight (cercospora leaf spot and bl)
light) (Cercospora kikuchii),
Coreephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibubu (Chonaphora infundibu)
synonymous with lifera trispora), dactuliohora spot disease (dactulio)
phora leaf spot) (Dactuliohora Glicines)
hora glycines), downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica), drechslera blight (Drechslera glycin (Drechs)
lera glycini)), frogeye leaf sp
ot) (Cercospora sojina), Leptophaerulina leaf spot (Leptosphaerulina trifolii)
), Phyllostica leaf spot (Phylosticta sojaecola), pod and stem blight (Phomopsis sojae)
omopsis sojae), powdery mildew (Microsfaela jihusa (Micra)
osphaera diffusa)), Pyrenoca et al. (pyrenochaet)
a leaf spot (Pyrenocaeta glycines)
lycines)), rhizoctonia leaf rot, leaf blight and spider's disease (rhizoctoni)
a aerial, foliage, and web bright) (Rhizoctonia
Sorani (Rhizoctonia solani)), rust disease (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), Phacopsora maebomieae (Ph)
akopsora meibomiae)), black scab (scab) (Sphaceroma glycines), stem fillium leaf blight (st
emphylium leaf bright) ((Stemphyllium Botriosum (
Stemphylilium botryosum)), ring spot disease (target spot)
(Corynespora cassicola)

Fungal diseases of the roots and stems, eg black root rot (Calonectria crotalariae)
, Anthracnose (charcoal rot) (macrofomina
Phaseolina (Macrophomina phaseolina), Fusarium head blight or Fusarium wilt, root rot and pod and fusarium blight
or wilt, root rot, and pod and color rot
) (Fusarium oxysporum), Fusarium orthoceras, Fusarium semitectum, Fusarium eusectum (Fusa)
rium equiseti)), mycoleptodiscus root rot (mycoleptod)
iscus root rot) (Mycolept Discus Telestris)
pterdiscus terrestris)), Neocosmos spora (neocosmo)
spora) (neocosmospora va)
sinfecta), pods and stem blight (
Diaporthe phaseolum), stem tanker (diaporte phaseolarum varieties coribola (Diap)
ortho phaseolumum var. caulivora)), phytophthora rot (phytophthora megasperma (Phyt)
ophthora megasperma)), brown stem rot
) (Phialophora gregata), Phythium rot (Phythium aphanidermatum)
m aphanidermatum), Phythium irregrare
regureale, Phythium debaryanum
m), Phythium myriotilum, Phythium ultimum), Rhizoctonia root rot, stem rot and stem disease, rheoctonia root rot, stem decayan
d dumping-off) (Rhizoctonia solani)
lani)), sclerotinia stem decay
) (Sclerotinia sclerotio)
rum)), sclerotinia southern bl
light) (Sclerotinia rolfsii)
, Due to Thielabiopsis root rot (Thieraviopsis basicola).

The fungicidal mixture or composition of the present invention can be used for therapeutic or protective / prophylactic control of phytopathogenic fungi. The invention therefore also relates to therapeutic and protective methods for controlling phytopathogenic fungi by use of the mixtures or compositions of the invention,
Here, the active ingredient or composition of the present invention is applied to the seed, plant or plant part, fruit or soil where the plant grows.

The fact that the mixture or composition is well tolerated by the plants at the concentrations required to control plant diseases allows for the treatment of above-ground parts of plants, breeding rootstocks and seeds, and soil.

Plants According to the invention, all plants and plant parts can be treated. By plant is meant all plants and plant populations, such as desirable and undesired wild plants, cultivars and plant varieties, whether or not they can be protected by plant varieties or plant grower rights. Cultivars and plant varieties are produced by one or more biotechnology methods, such as doubled haploid, protoplast fusion, random and directed mutagenesis, use of molecular or genetic markers, or biotechnological methods and It can be a plant obtained by conventional breeding and breeding methods that can be aided or supplemented by genetic engineering methods. Plant parts mean all above-ground and underground parts and organs of the plant, such as shoots, leaves, flowers and roots, for example leaves, needles, stems, branches, flowers, fruit bodies, fruits and seeds. Similarly, roots, corms and rhizomes are listed. Crop and vegetative and reproductive propagation materials such as cuttings, corms, rhizomes, stems and seeds also belong to the plant part.

The combination or composition of the invention increases the yield to protect plants and plant organs when well tolerated by plants, has favorable thermophilic animal toxicity, and well tolerated by the environment. In addition, it is suitable for improving the quality of harvested materials. They can preferably be used as crop protection compositions. They are usually active against sensitive and resistant species and against all or several developmental stages.

Plants that can be treated according to the present invention include the following main crop plants: corn, soybean, alfalfa, cotton, sunflower, Brassica.
ca) oil seeds, such as Brassica napus (for example, canola, rapeseed), Brassica rapa, B. B. juncea (example mustard (field mustard))
And palmaceous plants (such as Brassica carinata)
Arecaceae sp. ) (Eg oil palm, coconut), rice, wheat, sugar beet, sugar cane, oats, rye, barley, millet and sorghum, triticale, flax, nuts, grapes and vines, and various from various botanical classifications Fruits and vegetables, for example Rosaceae sp. (For example, pomegranates such as apples and pears, as well as core fruits such as apricots, cherries, almonds, plums and peaches, and berries such as strawberries , Raspberries, red currants and black currants and currants), Ribesioid (Rivesioid)
ae sp. ), Walnut plant (Juglandaceae sp.), Birch plant (Betulaceae sp.), Urushiaceae plant (Anacardiaceae sp.)
. ), Beechaceae (Fagaceae sp.), Mulaceae (Moraceae sp)
. ), Oleaceae sp. (For example, olives), Matabiaceae (Actinidaceae sp.), And Lauraceae s (Laulaceae s)
p. ) (Eg avocado, cinnamon, camphor), Musacea
e sp. ) (Eg banana trees and planting), Rubiaceae (Rubiaceae)
sp. ) (Example coffee), Camellia plant (Theaceae sp.) (Example tea), Aegiriaceae plant (Sterculaeae sp.), Citrus plant (Ruta)
ceae sp. ) (Lemon, orange, mandarin and grapefruit as examples)
Solanasae sp. (Eg tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, peppers, eggplants, tobacco), Liliaceae sp., Compositae sp. (Eg lettuce, artichoke and chicory) -Root chicory, endive or common chicory, etc.), Aceraceae (Umbelliferae)
sp. ) (Eg carrot, parsley, celery and celeriac), Cucurbitaceae (Cu
curbitaceae sp. ) (For example, cucumber-gherkin,
Pumpkins, watermelons, gourds and melons), leeks (Alliaceae)
sp. ) (Eg leek and onion), cruciferae (Cruciferae s)
p. ) (Examples white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, chingensai, kohlrabi, radish, horseradish, watercress and Chinese cabbage), legumes (leguminosae sp.) (Examples peanuts, peas, lentils and legumes) -Examples include kidney beans and broad beans,
Chenopodiaceae sp. ) (For example chard, feed beet, spinach, beetroot), flaxaceae (Linaceae sp.) (For example, Asa), Cannabe (Cannabeacea sp.) (For example cannabis), mallow (Mal)
vaceae sp. ) (Examples okra, cocoa), poppyaceae (Papaveracea)
e) (eg poppy), Asparagaceae (eg asparagus); turf, lawn, grass and Stevia rebaudia (Stevia rebaud)
useful plants and ornamental plants in gardens and forests such as iana); and genetically modified forms of these plants in each case.

  Soybean is a particularly preferred plant.

In particular, the mixtures and compositions according to the invention are suitable for controlling the following plant diseases:
R:
Albugo spp. (White rust), this
Are ornamental plants, vegetable crops (eg A. Candida) and sunflower
(For example, A. tragopogonis);
Species of the genus Alternaria spp. (Black spot dis
ease), soot spot (black blotch)), this is vegetable, rape (for example
A. Brush colla or A. brassica Brush Frog (A. brass
icae)), sugar beet (for example A. tenuis), fruit, rice,
To soybeans and also to potatoes (eg A. solani or A
. Alternata) and tomatoes (for example A. solani (A. alterata)).
solani) or A.I. To A. alterna), and
Alternaria spp. (Black hea)
d)), which comes on wheat; Aphanomyces spp.
), Which attaches to sugar beets and vegetables; Ascochita spp.
), For cereals and vegetables, for example A. A. tritici (As
Ascochita leaf blight) is associated with A.
A. hordei attaches to barley; Bipolaris
And Drechslera spp. (Teleomorph: Cocriovo)
Cochliobolus spp., For example, leaf sp
ot disease (D. maydis and B. zeikola (B
. zeicola)) per corn, for example, glume blotch (
B. B. sorokiniana) is a cereal, for example, B. sorokiniana. Orize
(B. oryzae) attaches to rice and lawn; Blumeria (former name)
: Erysiphe), Graminis (powdery mildew (
powder mildew)), which is suitable for cereals (eg wheat or barley as an example).
Botryosphaeria spp. ("Grape
"Sack Dead Arm Disease")
(For example, B. obtusa); Botrytis cinerea (Bottryt)
is cinerea) (Tereomorph: Botriotinia Fukkeriana)
tinia fuckeliana): gray mold, gray plague (
gray rot)), which are small soft fruits and berries (especially strawberries), vegetables (especially
Tassel, carrot, celeriac and cabbage), rape, flowers, grapes, forest crops and
On wheat (ear mold); Bremia lactuae (Bremi)
a lactucae (downy mildew), which leads to lettuce
Ceratocystis spp. (Syn. Ophioost)
Ophiostoma) (blue metamorphosis), for deciduous and coniferous trees, for example
C. Ulmi (Dutch elm disease)
); Elm; Cercospora spp. (Cercospora)
Spotospore (Sereospora let spot), which is corn (for example C.I.
C. zeae-maydis), rice, sugar beet (for example, C. eleae-maydis)
C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (as examples
C. C. sojina or C.I. C. kikuchi) and
It attaches to rice; Cladosporium spp.
Mato (for example, C. fulvum): tomato leaf mold
eaf mold)) and cereals by way of example C.I. Herbalum (C. herbaru
m) (ear rot) attaches to wheat; claviscept purpuria (Cla
viceps purpurea (ergot), which attaches to cereals;
Cochliobolus spp. (Anamorph: Helmint Sport)
Limin (Helminthosporium) or Bipolaris
) (Leaf spot), which is corn (for example C. carbonum (C.c.
arbonum), cereals (eg C. sativus, anamorph)
: B. B. sorokiniana: bacterial blotc
h)) and rice (eg C. miyabeanus, anamorph)
: H. H. oryzae); Colletotricum species (Colletotr)
ichum spp. ) (Teleomorph: Glomerella)
Anthracnosis), which is cotton (for example, C. gosspiii
sypi)), corn (for example C. graminicola):
Stem rot and anthracnosis), small soft fruit, di
Potato (e.g., C. coccodes): wilt di
seed), common bean (for example, C. lindemutum)
hianum)) and soybeans (for example C. truncatum)
); Corticium spp., For example, C.I. Sasaki
(C. sasakii) (sheath blight) is found in rice;
Nespora Cassicola (spot disease (
leaf spot)), which attaches to soybeans and ornamentals; cycloconium species (C
ycloconium spp. ), As an example C.I. Oleaginum (C. oleaginu)
m) attaches to olives; Cylindrocarpon sp
p. ) (E.g. fruit tree tank or black)
Black foot disease, teleomorph: Nectria (Nect
ria) or Neolectria spp.), which is a fruit tree
, Grapes (for example C. liriodendn; teleomorphs:
Neolectria liriodendri,
On black foot disease and many ornamental trees;
Dematophora (Teleomorph: Roselini
a)) Necatrix (root / stem rot
)), Which attaches to soybeans; Diaporthe spp., For example
D. Phaseolum (stem diseases)
e)) attaches to soybeans; Drechlera spp. (syn
. Helminthsporium, Teleomorph: Pireno
Pyrenophora), which is corn, cereals such as barley (as an example
D. D. teres, net blotch) and wheat (examples and
D. D. tritici-repentis: DTR spots
Disease (DTR leaf spot), rice and lawn; Esca disease (Esca d
isease (deeback of grapes, apoplexia)
, This per grape, Formitiporia (syn.
Phellinus, puncata, F.A. Mediterranea
(F. mediterranea), Phaeomoniera Chlamidospora (Phaeoom)
oniella chlamydospora) (former name Faeoacremonium kurami)
Dosporum (Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum)
Phaeoacremonium aleophilum
hilum) and / or Botryosphae obtusa
ria obtusa); Elsinoe spp.
These are berries (E. pyri) and small soft fruits (E. veneta).
): Anthracnosis) and also grapes (E. aperina (E. a
mpelina): anthracnosis); enchiloma oryzae
(Entyroma oryzae) (Leaf smut), this is in rice
Epicoccum spp. (Black heme)
ad)), which attaches to wheat; Erysiphe spp.
Powdery mildew, which is sugar beet (E. bet).
ae)), vegetables (e.g. E. pisi), e.g. cucumber species (e.g. E
. E. cichoracerum) and cabbage species such as abu
Lana (for example E. cruciferarum) etc .;
Eutypa fata (Euitapa ulcer disease or withering disease (Eu
typa cancer or dieback), Anamorph: Cytosporina Lata (
Cytosporina lata), syn. Libertera Brefaris (Liber
tella blepharis)), which is found in fruit trees, grapes and many ornamental trees.
Exerohirum spp. (Hermint sporium)
(Synonymous with Helminthosporium)), this is corn (e.g.
(E. turcicum); Fusarium spp.
(Teleomorph: Gibberella) (wilt disease)
se), stem and stem rot), a variety of plants
As an example, F.I. Graminealum or F. Kurumo
F. culmorum (root rot and white head disease (silver)
r-top)) in cereals (eg wheat or barley as an example); Oxysporum (F.
oxysporum) tomatoes, F. F. solani to soybeans, and
F. Verticillioides (F. verticilloides) stick to corn;
Manoemyces graminis (withering)
Disease), which affects cereals (eg wheat or barley as an example) and corn
Gibberella spp., Which is a cereal (eg G.
G. zeae) and rice (for example, G. fujikuroi
): Bakaanae disease; Gromerella singurata (
Glomerella singulata), which is associated with grapes, pomegranate and other plants
G. G. gossypi is a cotton; grain staining compound
Grainsteining complex, which attaches to rice; Guinerdia
・ Guignardia bidwellii (black rot (black r
ot)), which is a grape; Gymnosporangium species (Gymnosporang)
ium spp. ), This is for Rosaceae and juniper,
G. Sabinae (pear rust) is a pear
Helminthosporium spp. (
Do
Drechslera, Teleomorph: Cochliobols (Cochlio)
synonymous with bolus), which attaches to corn, cereals and rice;
ileia spp. ), As an example. H. vastatrix (
Coffee leaf rust), which makes coffee;
Saliopsis clavispora (syn
. Cladosporium vitis), this is Bud
Macrophomina phaseolina (Macrophomina phaseol)
ina) (synonymous with phaseoli) (root / stem)
rot)), which attaches to soybeans and cotton; Microdochium (Microdochi)
um) (synonymous with Fusarium), nivale (red snow rot
Disease (pink snow mold), which is a cereal (eg wheat or barley as an example)
Microsphaera diffusa (Microsphaera diffusa) (
Powdery mildew), which affects soybeans;
(Monilinia spp.); L. laxa, M. et al. Fluke
M. fruticola and M. fractica. Fructigena
(Blossom and twig blight), which is a nuclear fruit
And other Rosaceae; Mycosphaerella species (Mycos)
phaerella spp. ), This is for cereals, bananas, small berries and peanuts
As an example, M.M. Graminicola (Anamorph: Septoria)
・ Tritishi (Septoria tritici), Septoria leaf stain (Septor)
ia leaf blot)) in wheat or Fijiensis (M. fij
iensis (Sigatoka disease) sticks to bananas
Peronospora spp. (Downy mi
ldew)), which is cabbage (for example, P. brassicae)
Oilseed rape (for example P. parasitica), bulbous plant (for example and
P. P. destructor, tobacco (P. tabasina)
tabacina)) and soybean (for example, P. mansuri)
ca)); Phakopsora pachyriz
i) and P.I. P. meibomiae (soybean rust)
n rust)), which attaches to soybeans; Phialophora
spp. ), This is grape as an example (P. trachei as an example)
phil) and P.I. P. tetraspora) and soybean (eg
As P. P. gregata: stem disease)
Forma lingam (root and stem blight (root)
and stem rot)) for rape and cabbage. Betae (
P. betae (leaf spot) is sugar beet; Phomopsis
Species (Phomopsis spp.), Which is sunflower, grapes (for example P. vitikola)
(P. viticola): dead-arm disease) and da
Izu (e.g. stem tank / stem blight)
: P. P. phaseoli, Teleomorph: Diaporte phaseola
(Diaporthephaseum); Fisoderma Maidy
Physoderma maydis (brown spot), this
Is corn; Phytophthora spp. (Wilt disease (
wilt disease, root, leaf, stem and fruit rot (root, leaf, st
em and fruit rot)), for various plants, such as peppers and
Cucumber species (for example P. capsici), soybean (for example P. capsici).
Megasperma, syn. P. Soya (P. sojae)
, Potatoes and tomatoes (eg P. infestans as an example)
, Late blight and brown rot) and drop
Leaf trees (eg P. ramorum, sudden oak death)
oak death)); Plasmodiofora brush frog (Plasmo)
diophora brassicae (club-root), which is
It can be found in cypress, rape, radish and other plants; Plasmopara species (Plasmop)
ara spp. ), As an example. P. viticola (Grape Perono
Spora (peronospora, downy mildew)) is grape
, P.M. P. halstedii attaches to sunflowers;
(Podospherea spp.) (Powder mildew)
), This is the case for Rosaceae, hops, pears and small soft fruits, for example
P. P. leukotrica attaches to apples; polymixer species (
polymyxa spp. ), Which is exemplified by cereals such as barley and wheat (P
. P. graminis), as well as sugar beet (P. betae).
betae)) as well as viral diseases transmitted by them; Pseudocercos
Poledocercosporella herpot
richoids (eyespot / stem break),
Tereomorph: Tapessia yalldae), this
Attaches to cereals, eg wheat or barley; pseudoperonospora (Pseudoop)
eronospora (downy mildew), which is found in various plants
As an example, P.I. P. cubensis is a cucumber species or P. cubensis.
Humili hops; Pseudo Peikura Trakeifira (Pseu)
dopezicula trachephila (angular leaf blight)
eaf scorch), anamorph fialophora), this
It attaches to grapes; Puccinia spp. (Rust disease
dissease)), which is for various plants, for example P. Tritisina (P. tri
ticina) (brown rust of wheat), P. ticina). Struiholmis
(P. sriformis) (yellow rust), P. seriformis. Jorde
P.hordei (dwarf leaf rust), P.hordei. Grami
P. graminis (black rust) or P. var. Recon
P. recondita (rye red rust) is cereal
For example, wheat, barley or rye; Kuehnii
For sugarcane, as an example, asparagus (eg P. aspa
ragi)); Pyrenophora (Anamorph: Drex)
Dreechslera, Tritici repentis (tritici repen)
tis) (Speckled Leaf Blotch)), which is wheat
Tsuki, P. P. teres (net blotch) in barley
Pyricularia spp., For example P. Orize (
P. oryzae) (Teleomorph: Magnaporthe Grisea)
grisea), rice blast disease (rice blast)). Glyce
P. grisea attaches to lawn and cereals; Phythium s
pp. ) (Damping-off disease), which is lawn, rice,
For corn, wheat, cotton, rape, sunflower, sugar beet, vegetables and other plants (eg
As P. P.ultimum or P.ultimum Afani Del Matsum (P. ap
Handamatum)); Ramula spp., eg
As R. R. collo-cygni (ramula leaf and turf spot disease)
(Ramularia leaf and Lawn spot) / physiological spot disease (ph
ysiological leaf spot)) for barley. Bechikora (R
. beticola) is sugar beet; Rhizoctonia species
spp. ), This is cotton, rice, potato, lawn, corn, rape, potato, te
For example, R.pori, vegetables and various other plants. R. solani (root)
And root and stern rot in soybean, Solani (R.
solani (sheath blight) in rice or R. cerevisiae. Cerea
The squirrel (sharp eyspot) is wheat or
Sticks to barley; Rhizopus strononife
r) (soft rot), which consists of strawberries, carrots, cabbage, grapes and
Rinchosporium sec
alice) (leaf spot), which is barley, rye and lyco
On wheat; Sarocladium oryzae and
S. S. attenuatum (leaf rot)
), Which attaches to rice; Sclerotinia spp. (Stem
Rot or black or white rot (stem or white rot))
Crops such as oilseed rape, sunflower (e.g. sclerotinia sclerotiolam (Scl
erotinia sclerotiorum) and soybeans (for example, S. rolfushi)
(S. rolfsii)), etc .; Septoria spp.
), For various plants, for example S. S. glycines (spots
Disease (leaf spot) in soybean, S. cerevisiae. S. tritici (Sept
Rear leaf blotch (Septoria leaf blotch) is a common problem in wheat. (Sy
n. Stagonospora / nodorum (leaves)
Leaf blotch and leaf blotch) are cereals
Uncinula (syn. Erysiphe)
Necator (powder mildew, anamo)
Ruff: Oidium tuckeri, this is a grape
Setospaeria spp. (Leaf s
pot)), which is corn (for example, S. turcumum, syn
. Helminthsporium turcicum
cum)) and turf; Sphacerotheca sp
p. ) (Head smut), which is corn, (for example, S. leiriana (
S. reiliana): black smut), millet and sugarcane.
Spheroteca furiginea (Sphaerotheca furiginea)
) (Powder mildew), which attaches to cucumber species;
Go
Spongospora subterranea (powdered soup)
Scab (powdery scab), which sticks to potatoes, and by them
Infectious viral disease; Stagonospora spp.
This is for cereals, for example S. S. nodorum (leaf stain)
blotch) and bacterial blotch, teleomorph: Leptosf
Leptosphaeria [syn. Faeosfa area (Phaeos)
phaeria)] ・ nodorum) is attached to wheat;
Endochiotrium (Synchytium endobioticum), which is
Potatoes (potato wart disease);
Tephrina spp., For example T. Deformance (T. def
ormans (curly-leaf disease) per peach, T
. Pruni (plum-pocket disease)
) Attaches to plum; Thielabiopsis spp. (
Black root rot), which is tobacco, pomegranate, vegetable crops, da
For example, T.A. T. basicola (syn. Cha
Lara Elegance); Tiletia species (Tillet)
ia spp. ) (Bunt or bunching)
ut)), this is for cereals, for example T.W. T. tritici (syn.
T.A. T. caries, wheat bunt)) and T
. T. controversa (dwarf bun)
t)) on wheat; Typhula incarnata
(Gray snow mold), which can be found in barley or wheat
Urocystis spp., For example U. Okuru (U
. occulta (flag smut), which attaches to rye; uro
Uromyces spp. (Rust), which is a vegetable plant,
For example, common bean (for example, U. appendiculatus (U. appendiculatu)
s), syn. U. U. phaseoli) and sugar beet (eg U
. (U.betae) etc .; Ustylago spp (Ustilago spp)
. ) (Loose smut), which is a cereal (for example U. nu
da) and U.I. U. avaenae), corn (for example U. meidy)
Maydis: corn smut) and sugarcane;
Venturia spp. (Scab), which is an apple
(For example V. inaequalis) and pear
Verticillium spp. (Leaf and shoot wilt)
(Leaf and shot wilt)), which is a variety of plants such as fruit trees
Examples of ornamental trees, grapes, small soft fruits, vegetables and crops are as follows. Daryae (
V. dahliae) attaches to strawberry, rape, potato, tomato and the like.

The mixtures and compositions according to the invention are particularly preferred for controlling the following plant diseases: soybean diseases: Cercospora kikuchii,
Elsinoe glycines, Diaporthe phaseorum var. Sojae
), Septoria glycines, Cercospora
Sosina (Cercospora sojina)
psora pachyrhizi), Phytophthor
a sojae), Rhizoctonia solani,
Corynespora casiicola and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
.

Plant Health According to the present invention, the combinations and compositions of the present invention are suitable for enhancing plant health.

Plant health enhancement is defined below as a plant growth regulator as defined below, as a plant growth / resistance inducing compound as defined below. It can be used to bring about such plant physiology and to increase yield in crops as defined below.

Plant Growth Modulation In some cases, the combinations or compositions of the present invention may be used as herbicides, safeners, growth regulators or agents that improve plant properties, or microbicides at certain concentrations or application rates. As an agent, for example as a fungicide, antifungal agent, fungicide, viricide (including compositions for viroids) or MLO (Mycoplasma like organism) and R
It can also be used as a composition against LO (rickettsia-like organisms). The active ingredients of the combination or composition of the present invention intervene in plant metabolism and can therefore be used as growth regulators.

Plant growth regulators can exert various effects on plants. The effect of the substance depends essentially on the time of application relative to the developmental stage of the plant and also the amount of active ingredient applied to the plant or their environment and the type of application. In each case, the growth regulator should have a particular desired effect on the crop plant.

Plant growth regulating compounds can be used, for example, to inhibit vegetative growth of plants. Such inhibition of growth is therefore possible, for example in the case of grass, because it can reduce the frequency of mowing in ornamental botanical gardens, parks and sports facilities, on the roadside, at airports, or in fruit crops. Economically interesting. Also of significance is the inhibition of herbaceous and woody plant growth on the roadside and in the vicinity of pipelines or overhead lines, or in areas where quite generally vigorous plant growth is not desired.

Also important is the use of growth regulators to inhibit the vertical growth of cereals.
This reduces or eliminates the risk of plant lodging before harvesting. In addition, growth regulators can strengthen cocoons in the case of cereals, which also counters lodging. The use of growth regulators to shorten and strengthen cocoons allows for the deployment of larger amounts of fertilizer to increase yield without any risk of lodging in cereal crops.

In many crop plants, inhibition of vegetative growth allows for denser planting and thus higher yields can be achieved on a soil surface basis. Another advantage of the smaller plants obtained in this way is that it is easier to grow and harvest crops.

Inhibition of vegetative plant growth can also lead to increased yields because nutrients and anabolic products are more beneficial to flower and fruit formation than to the vegetative part of the plant.

Often, growth regulators can also be used to promote vegetative growth. This is highly beneficial when harvesting vegetative plant parts. However, because more anabolic products are formed, promoting vegetative growth can also promote reproductive growth, which results in more or larger fruits.

In some cases, increased yield can be achieved by manipulating plant metabolism without any detectable change in vegetative growth. In addition, growth regulators can be used to alter the composition of the plant, which can result in improved quality of the harvested product. For example, it is possible to increase sugar content in sugar beet, sugar cane, pineapple and citrus fruits, or increase protein content in soybeans or cereals. It is also possible to use growth regulators, for example to inhibit the degradation of desirable components before or after harvest, for example sugar degradation in sugar beet or sugar cane. It can also have a positive impact on the production or removal of secondary plant components.
One example is stimulating latex flow in rubber trees.

Under the influence of growth regulators, parthenofruits can be formed. In addition, it is possible to influence the sex of flowers. It is also possible to produce sterile pollen, which is of great importance in the breeding and production of hybrid seeds.

The use of growth regulators can control plant branching. On the other hand, it is possible to promote the development of side buds by breaking the apical dominance, which can be highly desirable especially in the cultivation of ornamental plants and also in combination with growth inhibition. On the other hand, however, it is also possible to inhibit the growth of side buds. This effect is particularly interesting, for example, in tobacco cultivation or in tomato cultivation.

Under the influence of a growth regulator, the amount of plant leaves can be controlled so that plant defoliation is achieved at a desired time. Such litter plays a major role in the mechanical harvesting of cotton but is also of interest for facilitating harvesting in other crops, for example in viticulture. Plant littering can also be done to reduce transpiration of the plant before transplanting.

Growth regulators can also be used to regulate fruit dehiscence. On the other hand, it is possible to prevent fruit cleavage before ripening. On the other hand, it is also possible to encourage fruit dehiscence or even stop flower development in order to achieve the desired mass, in order to eliminate fluctuations ("decimation").
. Variation is understood to mean the characteristics of several fruit species that make yields vary greatly from year to year due to intrinsic causes. Finally, growth regulators can be used at harvest time to reduce the force required to separate the fruits in order to allow mechanical harvesting or facilitate manual harvesting. is there.

Growth regulators can also be used to achieve faster or slower ripening of harvested material before or after harvesting. This is particularly advantageous because it allows optimal adjustment to market demands. Moreover, growth regulators can improve fruit color in some cases. In addition, growth regulators can also be used to focus maturity within a certain period of time. This establishes the requirements for a complete mechanical or manual harvest in a single operation, for example in the case of tobacco, tomato or coffee.

By using growth regulators, in addition, the seeds or buds of the plant so that plants in the nursery, such as pineapples or ornamental plants, usually germinate, germinate or bloom at times when they do not tend to do so. It is also possible to affect the rest of the machine. In areas where frost is at risk, it may be desirable to delay seed sprouting or germination using growth regulators to avoid damage resulting from late frost.

Finally, growth regulators can induce plant resistance to frost, drought or high soil salinity. This allows for the cultivation of plants in areas that are usually not suitable for this purpose.

Resistance Induction and Other Effects The combination or composition according to the invention also exhibits a strong enhancing effect in plants. They can therefore be used to mobilize plant defenses against attack by undesirable microorganisms.

Plant strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are, in the context of the present invention, developed to develop a high resistance to these microorganisms when the treated plant is subsequently inoculated with unwanted microorganisms, It is understood to mean a substance capable of stimulating the defense system of plants.

The active compounds according to the invention are also suitable for increasing the yield of crops. In addition, they exhibit reduced toxicity and are well tolerated by plants.

Furthermore, in the context of the present invention, plant physiological effects include:
Abiotic stress tolerance, which is temperature tolerance, drought tolerance and recovery after drought stress, water use efficiency (correlated with reduced water consumption), flooding tolerance, ozone stress and UV tolerance, heavy metals, salt, pesticides ( Tolerance to chemical substances such as safeners.

Biological stress tolerance, including improved fungal resistance and improved resistance to nematodes, viruses and bacteria. In the context of the present invention, biological stress tolerance preferably includes improved fungal resistance and improved resistance to nematodes.

Increase plant growth, which is plant quality and seed growth, stand fai
lure) reduction, appearance improvement, improvement of resilience, greening effect improvement and photosynthetic efficiency improvement.

  Effects on plant hormones and / or functional enzymes.

Effects on growth regulators (promoters), which include earlier germination, better germination, improved development of root system and / or root growth, improved tillering ability, more productive tillers, and more Early flowering, plant height and / or biomass increase, stem shortening, sprout growth, number of grains /
Panicle, number of spikes / m ² , improved number of running roots and / or flowers, increased harvest index, larger leaves, fewer dead root leaves, improved stratification, earlier ripening / early fruiting termination, Includes uniform ripening, increased ripening duration, better fruit set termination, larger fruit / plant size, sprouting resistance and lodging reduction.

Yield increase, which refers to total biomass per hectare, yield per hectare, grain / fruit weight, seed size and / or hectoliter weight, as well as improved product quality:
Size distribution (grain, fruit, etc.), uniform maturity, grain moisture, better crushing, better winemaking, better brewing, increased juice yield, harvestability, digestibility, sedimentation value, falling number , Improved sheath length, storage stability, improved fiber length / strength / uniformity, improved silage-fed animal milk and / or meat quality, improved processability for adaptation to cooking and frying;
In addition, improved fruit / grain quality, size distribution (grains, fruits, etc.), improved storage / shelf life, hardness / softness, flavor (aroma, texture, etc.), grade (size, shape, berries) Number), berries / fruits per bunch, crispness, freshness, wax coverage, frequency of physiological disturbances, color, etc.
Furthermore, an increase in the desired ingredients, eg protein content, fatty acids, oil content, oil quality, amino acid composition, sugar content, acid content (pH), sugar / acid ratio (Brix), polyphenol, starch content, nutritional quality, gluten Including content / index, energy content, flavor, etc .;
And further reduction of unwanted components, such as less mycotoxin, less aflatoxin, geosmin levels, phenolic aroma, laccase
), Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, nitrate content and the like.

Sustainable agriculture, which means that nutrient use efficiency, especially nitrogen (N) use efficiency, phosphorus
phors) (P) usage efficiency, water usage efficiency, transpiration, improvement of respiration and / or CO ₂ assimilation rates, better nodulation, improved Ca metabolism, and the like.

Aging delay, which is manifested in longer ripening periods, for example, leading to higher plant yields, longer green leaf coloration periods and hence plant physiology including color (greening), moisture content, drying, etc. Includes functional improvements. Thus, in the context of the present invention, the application of a particular active compound combination of the present invention is a green leaf area period (green leaf area durati).
on), which has been found to delay plant maturation (aging). A major advantage for farmers is a longer ripening period that leads to higher yields. Also,
There is also an advantage for farmers based on the fact that the harvest time can be made larger and more flexible.

The “sedimentation value” is a measure for the quality of the protein and describes the degree of sedimentation of the flour suspended in the lactic acid solution in a standard time interval according to zeleni (zeleny value). . This is taken as a measure of bread making quality. The expansion of the gluten fraction of the flour in the lactic acid solution affects the sedimentation rate of the flour suspension. Both higher gluten content and better gluten quality slow down settling and increase the zereni test value. The settling value of flour depends on the wheat protein composition and is most correlated with protein content, wheat firmness, and the volume of dish and oven loaf. The stronger correlation between loaf volume and zeleni sedimentation volume compared to SDS sedimentation volume may be due to protein content affecting both volume and zereni values (wherein “sediment number” is the protein's content). A measure of quality, which describes the degree of sedimentation of flour suspended in a lactic acid solution in a standard time interval according to zeleni (the zeleni value), which is taken as a measure of bread making quality. The expansion of the gluten fraction of the flour in lactic acid solution affects the settling rate of the flour suspension, both higher gluten content and better gluten quality both slow settling and increase the zereni test value. The settling value of flour depends on the wheat protein composition and is most correlated with protein content, wheat firmness, and the volume of dish and oven loaf. A comparison, a stronger correlation between loaf volume and Zereni sedimentation volume may be due to protein content affects both the volume and Zereni value (Czech J.Food Sci.Vol.21, N
o. 3: 91-96, 2000).

In addition, the “falling number” referred to herein is a measure for the bread-making quality of cereals, especially wheat. The falling number test indicates that germination damage may have occurred. That means that changes to the physical properties of the starch portion of the wheat kernel have already occurred. In this, the falling number device analyzes the viscosity by measuring the resistance of the flour and water paste to the falling plunger. The time (in seconds) at which this occurs is known as the falling number. The falling number result is recorded as an indicator of enzyme activity in the wheat or flour sample, and the result is expressed in time as seconds. A high falling number (eg, over 300 seconds) indicates minimal enzyme activity and healthy quality wheat or flour. A low falling number (eg 25
<0 seconds) indicates significant enzyme activity and germinated damaged wheat or flour.

The term “more developed root system” / “root growth improvement” means longer root system, deeper root growth, faster root growth, higher root dry / fresh weight, higher root volume, larger root surface area, greater Refers to root diameter, higher root stability, more root branching, higher root hair count, and / or more root tips, suitable method and image analysis program (eg WinRhizo)
Can be measured by analyzing the root structure.

The term “crop water use efficiency” refers technically to the amount of agricultural product per unit of water consumed, and economically to the value of the product (s) per unit of water consumed, By way of example, the yield per ha, the biomass of the plant, the mass of 1000 grains and the number of ears per m2 can be measured in units.

The term “nitrogen use efficiency” refers technically to the amount of agricultural product per unit nitrogen consumed, and economically to the value of the product (s) per unit nitrogen consumed. , Reflecting uptake and utilization efficiency.

Greening / color improvement and photosynthetic efficiency improvement as well as aging delay can be measured using well-known techniques such as the HandyPea system (Hanstech). Fv / Fm is a parameter that is widely used to indicate the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII). This parameter is widely considered to be a selective indicator of plant photosynthetic performance and typically achieves a maximum Fv / Fm value of about 0.85 in healthy samples.
Lower values are observed when the sample is exposed to certain biological or abiotic stressors that reduce the ability of photochemical quenching of energy within PSII.
Fv / Fm is expressed as the ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) to maximum fluorescence value (Fm). The figure of merit is essentially a measure of the vitality of the sample (for example, Advanced Techn
questions in Soil Microbiology, 2007, 11, 319-3
41; Applied Soil Ecology, 2000, 15, 169-182).

Greening improvement / color improvement and photosynthetic efficiency improvement, as well as aging delay, can also be measured by the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), eg chlorophyll content measurement by Ziegler and Ehle pigment extraction method, photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm ratio) ) Measurement, shoot growth and final root and /
Alternatively, it can be assessed by determining canopy biomass, determining tiller density, and similarly determining root mortality.

In the context of the present invention, preference is given to improving plant physiological effects selected from the group comprising: increased root growth / more developed root system, improved greening, improved water use efficiency (water Correlation with reduced consumption), especially improved nutrient use efficiency, including improved nitrogen (N) use efficiency, delayed aging and increased yield.

Among the increased yields, preference is given to improving the sedimentation value and falling number, as well as improving the protein and sugar content—especially in plants selected from the group of cereals (preferably wheat).

Preferably, the novel use of the fungicidal combination or composition of the invention comprises: a) prophylactically and / or therapeutically controlling pathogenic fungi with or without resistance management; b ) Concerning combined use with at least one of increased root growth, improved greening, improved water use efficiency, delayed aging and increased yield. From group b) an increase in root system, water use efficiency and N use efficiency is particularly preferred.

Seed Treatment The present invention further includes a method of treating seed.

The invention further relates to seed treated by one of the methods described in the previous paragraph. The seeds of the present invention are used in a method for protecting seeds from harmful microorganisms. In these methods, seed treated with at least one combination or composition of the invention is used.

The combination or composition of the invention is also suitable for treating seed. Most of the damage to crop plants caused by pests is triggered by seed infection during storage or after sowing, and also during planting and after germination. This period is particularly critical since the roots and shoots of growing plants are particularly sensitive and even small damage can lead to plant death. Therefore, it is of great interest to protect seeds and germinating plants by using appropriate compositions.

Control of phytopathogenic fungi by treating plant seeds has been known for a long time and is the subject of continuous improvement. However, seed treatment involves a series of problems that cannot always be solved satisfactorily. For example, it is desirable to develop a method for protecting seeds and germinating plants that eliminates, or at least significantly reduces, the additional development of a crop protection composition after planting or emergence of plants. Optimize the amount of active ingredient used to provide the best possible protection from attack by phytopathogenic fungi on seeds and germinating plants without damaging the plants themselves by the active ingredient used It is also desirable. Above all,
Seed treatment methods should also take into account the endogenous fungicidal properties of transgenic plants in order to achieve optimal protection of seeds and germinating plants while minimizing the consumption of crop protection compositions. is there.

The invention therefore also relates to a method for the protection of seeds and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi by treating the seeds with the composition of the invention. The invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention for the treatment of seed to protect the seed and the germinating plant from phytopathogenic fungi. The present invention further relates to seed treated with the composition of the present invention for protection from phytopathogenic fungi.

Control of phytopathogenic fungi that damage plants after emergence is performed primarily by treating soil and above-ground parts of plants with crop protection compositions. Due to concerns regarding the potential impact of crop protection compositions on the environment and human and animal health, there are attempts to reduce the amount of active ingredient to deploy.

One of the advantages of the present invention is that the unique osmotic properties of the combination or composition of the present invention is that the treatment of the seed with these active ingredients and compositions is not limited to the seed itself, but the resulting postemergence It means that plants are also protected from phytopathogenic fungi. In this way, immediate treatment at the time of sowing of the crop or immediately after it can be omitted.

Likewise, the combination or composition of the invention can also be used in particular with transgenic seeds, in which case it is advantageous that plants growing from these seeds are capable of expressing proteins that act against pests. it is conceivable that. By treating such seeds with the combinations or compositions of the present invention, certain pests can be controlled only by the expression of proteins, such as insecticidal proteins. Surprisingly, in this case, a further synergistic effect can be observed, which further improves the effectiveness of protection against pest attack.

The compositions according to the invention are suitable for protecting the seeds of any plant variety used in agriculture, in the greenhouse, in the forest or in horticulture and viticulture. Above all,
This includes cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, sorghum / millet and oats, corn, cotton, soybeans, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans,
Coffee, beets (eg sugar beet and feed beet), peanuts, rape, poppies,
Seeds of olives, coconut, cocoa, sugar cane, tobacco, vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), turf and ornamental plants (see also below). The treatment of cereals (such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale and oats), corn and rice seeds is of particular significance. Particularly preferred are soybean seeds.

Also, as described below, the treatment of transgenic seed with the mixture or composition of the present invention is particularly significant. This relates to seeds of plants that contain at least one heterologous gene that allows the expression of polypeptides or proteins with insecticidal properties. Heterologous genes in transgenic seeds include, for example, Bacillus and Rhizium
obium), Pseudomonas, Serratia (Serra)
ti), Trichoderma, Clavibacter (Clavi)
bacter), Glomus, or Gliocladium
adium) species of microorganisms. This heterologous gene is preferably
Originating from the genus Bacillus, in this case the gene product is the European corn borer (Euro
pean maize borer) and / or western corn rootworm (W
This is effective for an e.g. The heterologous gene is more preferably originated from Bacillus thuringiensis.

In the context of the present invention, the combination or composition of the present invention is applied to the seed either alone or in a suitable formulation. Preferably, the seed is treated in a sufficiently stable state so as not to cause damage during the course of treatment. In general, seeds can be treated at any time between harvest and sowing. It is customary to use seeds that have been separated from the plant and from which the cobs, shells, stalks, skins, hairs or flesh have been removed. For example, it is possible to use seeds that have been harvested, purified and dried to reduce the water content to less than 15% by weight. Alternatively, it is also possible to use seeds that have been dried, for example treated with water and then dried again.

When treating seeds, generally the amount of the composition of the present invention and / or the amount of further additives applied to the seed is selected so as not to harm the germination of the seed or damage the resulting plant. You have to be careful. This must be kept in mind especially in the case of combinations or compositions that may have phytotoxic effects at certain application rates.

The combination or composition of the invention can be applied directly, i.e. without containing any other components and without being diluted. In general, it is preferred to apply the composition to the seed in the form of a suitable formulation. Suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to those skilled in the art, for example the following documents: US 4,272,417, US 4,2
45,432, US 4,808,430, US 5,876,739, US 2003/01
76428A1, WO2002 / 080675, and WO2002 / 028186.

Combinations or compositions that can be used in accordance with the present invention are converted into conventional seed dressing formulations such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other seed coating compositions, and also ULV formulations, etc. can do.

These formulations are prepared in a known manner with the active ingredients as conventional additives such as customary bulking agents and also solvents or diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, preservatives, diluting agents. Prepared by mixing with next thickener, adhesive, gibberellin and also water.

Useful pigments that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention are all pigments customary for such purposes. Either a pigment that is barely soluble in water or a water-soluble dye can be used. Examples include rhodamine B, C.I. I. Pigment R
ed 112 and C.I. I. A dye known by the name of Solvent Red 1 is mentioned.

Useful wetting agents that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used in accordance with the present invention are all substances that promote wetting and are conventionally used for the formulation of active pesticide ingredients. Preference is given to using alkyl naphthalene sulfonates such as diisopropyl or diisobutyl naphthalene sulfonate.

Useful dispersants and / or emulsifiers that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used in accordance with the present invention are all nonionic, anionic and cationic that are conventionally used for the formulation of active pesticide ingredients. It is a dispersant. Preferably usable are nonionic or anionic dispersants or combinations of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Suitable nonionic dispersants include, among others, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristyrylphenol (
trisylphenyl) polyglycol ethers, as well as their phosphorylated or sulfated derivatives. Suitable anionic dispersants are in particular lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and aryl sulfonate / formaldehyde condensates.

Antifoaming agents that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention are all suds suppressors conventionally used for the formulation of active pesticide ingredients. Silicone antifoaming agents and magnesium stearate can be preferably used.

Preservatives that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used in accordance with the present invention are all substances that can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophen and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.

Secondary thickeners that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention are all substances that can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Preferred examples include cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clay and fine silica.

Adhesives that may be present in seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention are all customary binders that can be used in seed dressing products. Preferred examples include polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tyrose.

The gibberellins that may be present in the seed dressing formulation that can be used according to the invention can preferably be gibberellin A1, A3 (= gibberellic acid), A4 and A7; particularly preferred is the use of gibberellic acid. Gibberellins are known (R. Wegler “C
hemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schadlings
becampfungsmittel "[Chemistry of the Crop
Protection Compositions and Pesticides]
, Vol. 2, Springer Verlag, 1970, p. 401-412).

The seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the present invention can be used directly or after prior dilution with water for the treatment of a wide range of different seeds such as seeds of transgenic plants. In this case, an additional synergistic effect may occur due to the interaction with the substance formed by the expression.

All mixing units conventionally available for seed dressing, for the treatment of seeds with seed dressing formulations that can be used according to the invention or with preparations prepared therefrom by adding water Is useful. Specifically, the procedure in seed dressing is to add seeds into a mixer, add a specific desired amount of seed dressing formulation as it is or after pre-dilution with water,
And mixing everything until the formulation is evenly dispersed on the seeds. If appropriate, this is followed by a drying process.

Mycotoxin In addition, the treatment of the present invention can reduce the mycotoxin content in harvested material and food and feed prepared therefrom. As mycotoxins, but not exclusively, in particular: deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol, 15-Ac
-DON, 3-Ac-DON, T2- and HT2-toxins, fumonisins, zearalenone,
Moniliformin, fusarin, diaceotoxiscylpenol
irpenol) (DAS), bowvericin, enniatin, fusaroproliferin, fusarenol, ochratoxin, patulin, ergot alkaloids and aflatoxins, which include, for example, the following fungi: Fusarium spp. Acminatam (F.
accuminatum), F.M. F. asiaticum, F. F. avenaceum, F. Crew Wellence (F. brookwell
nse), F.E. F. culmorum, F. Graminealum (F. gra
minearum) (Giberbera zeae), F.M. F. equiseti, F. F. Fujikoroi, F. Fujikoroi
F. musarum, F. musarum F. oxysporum, F
. F. proliferatorum, F. F. poae,
F. F. pseudograminearum, F. F. sambucinum, F. sambucinum F. sirpi, F. Semitectum, F. F. solani, F. F. sporotrichoides, F. Langssetiae (F. lang
sethiae), F.M. F. subglutinans, F. F. tricinctum, F. Verticillioides (F. vertic
illioides), and also Aspergillus sp. Flabus (A
. flavus), A.A. Parasiticus, A. Nomius (
A. nomius), A.M. A. ochraceus, A. Clavatas (
A. clavatus), A.I. A. terreus, A. Versicolor (A
. penicillium species, such as P. Belcosum (P. ver
rucosum), P.M. P. viridicatum, P. P. citrinum, P. citrinum. EXPANSUM, P. P. claviforme, P. caviforme Roqueforti (P. roqueforti
), Etc., such as C. C. purpurea, C.I. C. fusiformis, C.I. C. paspali, C.I.
Stachybotris species such as Africana (C. africana)
ys spec. ) Etc. can be produced.

Material Protection The combination or composition of the present invention can also be used in the protection of materials to protect industrial materials against attack and destruction by harmful microorganisms such as fungi and insects.

In addition, the combination or composition of the present invention can be used as an anti-fouling composition alone or in combination with other active ingredients.

Industrial materials are understood in the context of the present invention to mean non-biological materials prepared for industrial use. For example, industrial materials that are subject to protection from microbiological changes or destruction by the combination or composition of the present invention include adhesives, adhesives, paper, wallpaper and board / cardboard, textiles, carpets, leather, wood, It can be fibers and thin fabrics, paints and plastic products, cooling lubricants and other materials that can be infected or destroyed by microorganisms. Production plants and parts of buildings that can be damaged by microbial growth, such as cooling water circuits, cooling and heating systems and ventilation and air conditioning units, can also be mentioned within the scope of the material to be protected. The industrial material within the scope of the present invention is preferably an adhesive,
Sizing agents, paper and cardboard, leather, wood, paints, cooling lubricants and heat exchange fluids, more preferably wood.

The combination or composition of the present invention may prevent detrimental effects such as decay, corrosion, discoloration, discoloration or mold formation.

In the case of wood treatment, the combination or composition according to the invention can also be used against fungal diseases liable to develop on or inside timber. The term “timber” means all types of wood species, and all types of workpieces of this wood intended for construction, such as solid wood, high density wood, laminated wood and plywood. The method of treating timber according to the present invention mainly consists in contacting the combination or composition according to the present invention; this can be achieved, for example, by direct application, spraying, dipping, pouring or any other suitable means. Include.

In addition, the combination or composition of the present invention can be used to protect objects in contact with seawater or brackish water, especially hulls, screens, nets, buildings, mooring equipment and communication systems from fouling.

The method of the invention for controlling harmful fungi can also be used for the protection of stored goods. Preserved products are understood to mean natural substances of plant or animal origin or processed products thereof that are of natural origin and for which long-term protection is desired. Preserved products of plant origin, such as plants or plant parts, such as stems, leaves, tubers, seeds, fruits, cereals, etc., as freshly harvested or (
Preliminary) It can be protected in the state after processing by drying, wetting, grinding, crushing, pressing or roasting. Preserved items also include timber, not processed, such as building timber,
Examples include both utility poles and fences, or in the form of finished products, such as furniture. Preserved products of animal origin are, for example, animal skin, leather, fur, hair. The combination or composition of the present invention may prevent detrimental effects such as decay, corrosion, discoloration, discoloration or mold formation.

Microorganisms capable of degrading or altering industrial materials include, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and mucus organisms. The mixtures or compositions according to the invention are preferably fungi, in particular molds, wood-discoloring and wood-destroying fungi (Ascomycetes
), Basidiomycetes, Deuteromyce
tes) and zygomycetes), as well as mucus organisms and algae. Examples include microorganisms of the following genus: Alternaria,
For example, Alternaria tenuis; Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger; Chaetomium, such as Chaeto globosum
tomium globosum; Coniophora, such as Coniophora puetana; Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrina
rinus), etc .; Penicillium genus, for example Penicillium graucum (Penicil)
polyporus, such as Polyporus versicolor; Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans (A)
ureobasidium pullulans) and the like; Sclerophoma (Scler)
ophoma), for example, Sclerophoma pithiophila
Tyophila), etc .; Trichoderma, for example, Trichoderma viride, etc .; Ophiostoma species (O
phiostomoma spp. ), Ceratocystis species
pp. ), Humicola spp., Petriella sp. (Petri)
ella spp. ), Trichurus spp., Coriolus spp., Gloeophyllu
m spp. ), Pleurotus spp., Polya sp (P
oria spp. ), Serpula spp., Tyromyces spp., Cladosporium
m spp. ), Peecylomyces spp., Mucor spp., Escherichia, such as Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas (P
seudomonas), for example Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomona)
s aeruginosa); Staphylococcus
s), for example Staphylococcus aur
eus), such as Candida spp. and Saccharomyces spp., such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S
accharomyces cerevisiae).

Antifungal activity In addition, the combinations or compositions of the invention also have a very good antifungal activity. They are especially against dermatophytes and yeasts, molds and biphasic fungi (eg Candida species, eg C. albicans).
s), C.I. For example, C. glabrata), and Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus sp. A. niger and A. niger Fumigatus (A. fumi
trichophyton species such as gatus).
T., for example. Microsporon species such as M. tagrophytes, such as M. globules. Canis (M.ca
nis) and M.M. It has a very broad spectrum of antifungal activity against M. audouinii and the like. These lists of fungi in no way constitute a limitation of the fungal spectrum covered, but are merely exemplary in nature.

The combinations or compositions of the invention can therefore be used in both medical and non-medical applications.

Genetically modified organisms As already mentioned above, it is possible to treat all plants and their parts according to the invention. In preferred embodiments, wild-type plant species and plant cultivars, or those obtained by conventional biological breeding methods, such as crossing or protoplast fusion, and portions thereof are treated. In further preferred embodiments, transgenic plants and plant cultivars (genetically modified organisms) and parts thereof obtained by genetic engineering methods combined with conventional methods, if appropriate, are treated. The terms “parts” or “parts of plants” or “plant parts” are explained above. More preferably, plants of plant cultivars that are commercially available or used are treated according to the present invention. Plant cultivars are
It is understood to mean a plant obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA technology, having a novel property (“trait”). They are cultivars, varieties,
It can be biotype or genotype.

The treatment method according to the invention can be used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMO), for example plants or seeds. A genetically modified plant (or transgenic plant) is a plant in which a heterologous gene is stably integrated into the genome. The expression “heterologous gene” is essentially:
A gene supplied or constructed outside the plant that, when introduced into the nucleus, chloroplast or mitochondrial genome, expresses the protein or polypeptide of interest, or other genes present in the plant By down-regulating or silencing the gene (s) (eg, using antisense technology, co-suppression technology, RNA interference-RNAi-technology or microRNA-miRNA-technology) Or a gene that confers improved agricultural or other properties. A heterologous gene located in the genome is also called a transgene. A transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or gene transfer event.

Depending on the plant species or plant cultivars, their location and growth conditions (soil, climate, growth period, nutrition), the treatment according to the invention can also lead to an additive (“synergistic”) effect. . Thus, for example, reducing the application rate of active compounds and compositions that can be used according to the invention and / or broadening the activity spectrum and / or improving the activity, better plant growth, improved resistance to high or low temperatures. Improved resistance to drought or water or soil salinity, improved flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated ripening, higher yields,
Larger fruit, larger plant height, darker green leaf color, earlier flowering, higher quality and / or higher nutritional value of the harvested product, higher sugar content in the fruit, better preservation of the harvested product Stability and / or processability are possible, which are actually beyond the expected effects.

At certain application rates, the combination or composition according to the invention may also have a strengthening effect in plants. They are therefore also suitable for mobilizing plant defense systems against attack by harmful microorganisms. This may be one of the reasons for enhancing the activity of the combination or composition according to the invention, for example against fungi, if appropriate. Plant strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are used in the context of the present invention so that, when subsequently inoculated with harmful microorganisms, the treated plant presents a substantial degree of resistance against these microorganisms. It is understood to mean a substance or combination of substances that is capable of stimulating the defense system. In this case, harmful microorganisms are understood to mean phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Therefore, the combination or composition according to the invention can be used to protect plants against attack by the above mentioned pathogens for a certain period of time after treatment. The period during which the protection is effective generally ranges from 1 to 10 days, preferably from 1 to 7 days, after the plant has been treated with the active compound.

Plants and plant cultivars that are preferably treated according to the present invention include all plants (generally obtained by breeding and / or biotechnological means) that have genetic material that imparts particularly advantageous and useful traits to these plants. Even).

Plants and plant cultivars that are also preferably treated according to the invention are resistant to one or more biological stresses, i.e. the plants are resistant to harmful animals and harmful microorganisms, e.g. nematodes. Better protection against insects, ticks, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and / or viroids.

Examples of nematodes or insect resistant plants are by way of example US patent application Ser. No. 11 / 765,491,
No. 11 / 765,494, No. 10 / 926,819, No. 10 / 782,020, No. 12 / 032,479, No. 10 / 783,417, No. 10 / 782,096, No. 1
1 / 657,964, 12 / 192,904, 11 / 396,808, 12
/ 166,253, 12 / 166,239, 12 / 166,124, 12 /
166, 209, 11 / 762,886, 12 / 364,335, 11/7
63,947, 12 / 252,453, 12 / 209,354, 12/49
No. 1,396, No. 12 / 497,221, No. 12 / 644,632, No. 12/646
, 004, 12/701, 058, 12/718, 059, 12/721,
595, 12 / 638,591.

Plants and plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention are plants that are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress conditions include, for example, drought, low temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, Mention the limited availability of phosphorus nutrients, avoiding shade.

Plants and plant cultivars that can also be treated by the present invention are plants characterized by enhanced yield characteristics. Yield increases in the plant include, for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such as water use efficiency, water retention efficiency, nitrogen use improvement, carbon assimilation, photosynthesis improvement, germination efficiency and It can be the result of accelerated aging and the like. Moreover,
Improvements in plant composition (under stress and non-stress conditions) can affect yield, and this improvement in plant composition includes, but is not limited to, early flowering, for hybrid seed production Flowering control, seedling growth, plant size, internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod or ear number, seed per pod or ear Number, seed mass, increased seed ripening, reduced seed scatter, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging resistance. Further yield traits include seed composition such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and oil composition, nutritional value, reduction of anti-nutrient compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.

Plants that can be treated according to the present invention are hybrid plants that have already developed heterosis, i.e. hybrid stress characteristics, that generally result in higher yields, vigor, health and resistance to biological and abiotic stresses. Such plants are typically made by crossing an inbred male sterile parent line (female parent) with another inbred male fertile parent line (male parent).
Hybrid seed is typically harvested from male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterile plants
It can be produced at the time (eg, in the corn) by removal of the ears, ie the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs (ie male flowers), but more typically male sterility is a genetic determinant within the plant genome Is the result of In that case, and particularly when the seed is the desired product harvested from the hybrid plant, it is typically useful to ensure that male fertility is fully restored in the hybrid plant. This is achieved by ensuring that the male parent has an appropriate fertility-recovering gene capable of restoring male fertility in hybrid plants containing genetic determinants involved in male sterility. be able to. The genetic determinant of male sterility can be located in the cytoplasm. Examples of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) include, for example, Brassica species
(WO92 / 05251, WO95 / 09910).
, WO 98/27806, WO 05/002324, WO 06/021972 and US
6,229,072). However, male sterility genetic determinants can also be located in the nuclear genome. Male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic manipulation. A particularly useful means for obtaining male sterile plants is
WO 89/10396, where, for example, ribonucleases such as barnase are selectively expressed in tapetum cells in the stamen. Fertility can then be restored by expression of a ribonuclease inhibitor, such as balster, in tapetum cells (eg WO91 / 02069).

Plants or plant cultivars that can be treated according to the present invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are herbicide-tolerant plants, ie plants that have been rendered tolerant to one or more predetermined herbicides. It is. Such plants can be transformed by genetic transformation
Or it can obtain by selection of the plant containing the variation | mutation which provides such a herbicide tolerance.

Herbicide-resistant plants are, for example, glyphosate-tolerant plants, ie plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or a salt thereof. Through different means, plants can be made resistant to glyphosate. For example, glyphosate-tolerant plants can be obtained by transforming plants with a gene encoding the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). Examples of such EPSPS genes include the AroA gene (mutant CT7) (Science 1983, 221, 370-371) of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, the CP4 gene (Curr. Sp.) Of the genus Agrobacterium sp.
Topics Plant Physiol. 1992, 7, 139-145), a gene encoding EPSUN of Petunia (Science 1986, 233, 478-4).
81), a gene encoding EPSPS of tomato (J. Biol. Chem. 1988,
263, 4280-4289), or EPSPS of the genus Eleusine
Is the gene encoding WO01 / 66704. It is also for example EP0837
944, WO00 / 66746, WO00 / 66747 or WO02 / 26995 can also be a mutant EPSPS. Glyphosate-tolerant plants are also as described in US 5,776,760 and US 5,463,175,
It can also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding a glyphosate oxidoreductase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants are also known, for example from WO02 / 036782, WO03
/ 092360, WO2005 / 012515 and WO2007 / 024782 can also be obtained by expressing a gene encoding the glyphosate acetyltransferase enzyme. Glyphosate-tolerant plants are also eg WO0
It can also be obtained by selecting plants containing naturally occurring mutations of the above-mentioned genes, as described in 1/2024615 or WO 03/013226. Plants expressing the EPSPS gene conferring glyphosate resistance are exemplified by US patent application Ser. No. 11/517.
991, No. 10 / 739,610, No. 12 / 139,408, No. 12/352
532, 11 / 312,866, 11 / 315,678, 12 / 421,2
No. 92, No. 11 / 400,598, No. 11 / 651,752, No. 11 / 681,28
No. 5, No. 11/605, 824, No. 12/468, 205, No. 11/760, 570
No. 11 / 762,526, 11 / 769,327, 11 / 769,255, 11/943801, or 12 / 362,774. Plants containing other genes conferring glyphosate tolerance, such as decarboxylase genes, are exemplified by US patent applications 11 / 588,811, 11 / 185,342, 12/3.
64,724, 11 / 185,560 or 12 / 423,926.

Other herbicide resistant plants are, for example, plants made tolerant to herbicides that inhibit the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, phosphinotricin or glufosinate. Such plants are obtained by expressing a mutant glutamine synthase enzyme that is resistant to herbicide detoxification or inhibition, as described in US patent application Ser. No. 11 / 760,602 as an example. be able to. One such efficient detoxifying enzyme is
Enzymes that encode phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, such as the bar or pat protein from Streptomyces species. Plants expressing exogenous phosphinotricin acetyltransferase are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 5,561,236; 5,648,477;
No. 646,024; No. 5,273,894; No. 5,637,489; No. 5,276,
No. 268; No. 5,739,082; No. 5,908,810 and No. 7,112,66
It is described in No.5.

Additional herbicide-tolerant plants are also plants that have been rendered resistant to herbicides that inhibit the enzyme hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). HPPD is an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction that converts para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) to homogentisate. Plants that are resistant to HPPD inhibitors are described in WO96 / 38567, WO99.
/ 24585, WO99 / 24586, WO09 / 144079, WO02 / 04638
7 or US Pat. No. 6,768,044, naturally occurring resistant HPPD
It can be transformed with a gene encoding the enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutant or chimeric HPPD enzyme. Resistance to HPPD inhibitors can also be obtained by transforming plants with genes encoding certain enzymes that allow the formation of homogentisate despite the inhibition of the wild type HPPD enzyme by HPPD inhibitors. Such plants and genes are described in WO99 / 34008 and WO02 / 36787. Plant resistance to HPPD inhibitors also encodes an enzyme with prephenate deshydrogenase (PDH) activity in addition to the gene encoding the HPPD resistant enzyme, as described in WO 04/024949. It can also be improved by transforming the plant with the gene to be treated. In addition, enzymes capable of metabolizing or degrading HPPD inhibitors, such as WO2007 / 1035
The plant can be made more resistant to HPPD inhibitor herbicides by adding genes encoding such as the CYP450 enzyme shown in 67 and WO2008 / 150473 into its genome.

Still further herbicide resistant plants are plants that have been rendered tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Known ALS inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, priimidinoxy (thio) benzoates (
primidininoxy (thio) benzoate) and / or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides. Different mutations in the ALS enzyme (also known as acetohydroxy acid synthase, AHAS) are described, for example, in Channel and Wright (Weed Science 2002, 50, 700-712) as well as US Pat. No. 5,605,011. No. 5,378,824, No. 5,141
, 870 and 5,013,659 are known to confer resistance to different herbicides and groups of herbicides. The production of sulfonylurea resistant plants and imidazolinone resistant plants is described in US Pat. Nos. 5,605,011;
No. 659; No. 5,141,870; No. 5,767,361; No. 5,731,180; No. 5,304,732; No. 4,761,373; No. 5,331,107 5th
928,937 and 5,378,824; and WO 96/33270. Other imidazolinone-tolerant plants are also known, for example from WO2004 / 040012.
, WO2004 / 106529, WO2005 / 020673, WO2005 / 0930
93, WO2006 / 007373, WO2006 / 015376, WO2006 / 02
4351 and WO 2006/060634. Further sulfonylurea resistant plants and imidazolinone resistant plants are also known, for example from WO 2007/024782.
And in U.S. Patent Application No. 61/288958.

Other plants that are resistant to imidazolinone and / or sulfonylurea are, for example, in US 5,084,082 for soybean, in WO 97/41218 for rice, in US 5,773,702 and sugar beet in US 99/057965. In US 5,198,599 for lettuce or WO 01/065922 for sunflower
As described in, it can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, by selection in cell culture in the presence of herbicides, or by mutation breeding.

Other plants that are resistant to imidazolinone and / or sulfonylurea are, for example, in US 5,084,082 for soybean, in WO 97/41218 for rice, in US 5,773,702 and sugar beet in US 99/057965. In US 5,198,599 for lettuce or WO 01/065922 for sunflower
As described in, it can be obtained by induced mutagenesis, by selection in cell culture in the presence of herbicides, or by mutation breeding.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are resistant to attack by insect-resistant transgenic plants, ie certain target insects. Plant. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such insect resistance.

As used herein, an “insect resistance transgenic plant” includes any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a coding sequence encoding:
1) An insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or an insecticidal part thereof, for example, listed by Crickmore et al. (1998, Microbiology).
and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62: 807-813.
), Updated in the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin nomenclature by Crickmore et al. (2005), http: // www. lifesci. sussex. ac. u
An example of an insecticidal crystal protein online at k / Home / Neil_Crickmore / Bt /, or an insecticidal part thereof, for example Cry protein class Cry1
Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1B, Cry1C, Cry1D, Cry1F, Cry2Ab
, A protein which is Cry3Aa or Cry3Bb or an insecticidal part thereof (eg EP-A 1999141 and WO2007 / 107302) or a synthetic gene as described in US patent application Ser. No. 12 / 249,016, for example. Or 2) from a crystal protein or part thereof from Bacillus thuringiensis that is insecticidal in the presence of a second other crystal protein or part thereof from Bacillus thuringiensis, such as Cry34 and Cry35 crystal proteins Binary toxin formed (Nat. Biotechnol. 2001, 19, 668-72; Applied
Envirom. Microbiol. 2006, 71, 1765-1774), or Cry1A or Cry1F protein and Cry2Aa or Cry2Ab
Or binary toxins formed from Cry2Ae protein (US patent application Ser. Nos. 12 / 214,022 and EP-A 2300618); A protein, for example a hybrid of the protein of 1) above or 2
) Protein hybrids, for example, Cry1A. Produced by corn event MON89034. 105 protein (WO2007 / 027777); or 4) any one of the above 1) to 3), the target insect species acting and / or acting to obtain higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species In order to expand the range of and / or due to changes introduced into the coding DNA during cloning or transformation, some proteins, in particular 1 to 10 amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid, e.g. Corn event MON863 or MON8801
Cry3Bb1 protein in 7 or C in corn event MIR604
ry3A protein etc .; or 5) Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus (Bacillus c)
ereus), or an insecticidal part thereof, eg http: //
/ Www. lifesci. sussex. ac. uk / home / Neil_Cric
kmore / Bt / vip. Vegetative growth insecticidal protein (V) listed in html
IP) as an example, eg, protein from the VIP3Aa protein class; or Secreted proteins, such as binary toxins formed from VIP1A and VIP2A proteins (WO94 / 21795); or 7) hybrid insecticidal proteins including parts from different secreted proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus A protein hybrid in the above 1) or a protein hybrid in the above 2); or 8) a protein of any one of the above 5) to 7), Coding DNA to obtain higher insecticidal activity against insect species and / or to expand the range of target insect species that act and / or during cloning or transformation (while still encoding insecticidal proteins) Due to the changes introduced into it, some, in particular proteins in which 1 to 10 amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid, such as the VIP3Aa protein in cotton event COT102; or 9) Crystalline proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis A secreted protein from Bacillus thuringiensis or Bacillus cereus which is insecticidal in the presence of
Binary toxin formed from IP3 and Cry1A or Cry1F (US patent applications 61/126083 and 61/195019), or binary toxin formed from VIP3 protein and Cry2Aa, Cry2Ab or Cry2Ae protein (US patent application) No. 12 / 214,022 and EP-A230
0618), etc .; or 10) to obtain higher insecticidal activity against the target insect species and / or to expand the range of target insect species that act and / or (9)
A protein in which some, especially 1 to 10 amino acids have been replaced by another amino acid due to changes introduced into the coding DNA during cloning or transformation (while still encoding insecticidal proteins).

Of course, the insect-resistant transgenic plant used herein also includes any plant containing a combination of genes encoding any one of the above classes 1 to 10 proteins. In one embodiment, the insect resistant plant contains more than one transgene encoding a protein of any one of the above classes 1 to 10, but this is different for different target insect species To broaden the range of target insect species that act when using proteins, or to act as insecticidal but different modes of action against the same target insect species, such as binding to different receptor binding sites within the insect This is to delay the development of insect resistance to plants by using different proteins with a mode.

An “insect resistance transgenic plant” as used herein is further exemplified by WO200
7/080126, WO2006 / 129204, WO2007 / 074405, WO2
Double-stranded RN that, when expressed, inhibits the growth of harmful insects when ingested by the harmful insects, as described in 007/080127 and WO2007 / 035650
Any plant containing at least one transgene comprising a sequence that produces A is included.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are resistant to abiotic stress. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selecting plants containing mutations that confer such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress-tolerant plants include the following:
1) Poly (A) in plant cells or plants, as described in WO00 / 04173, WO2006 / 045633, EP-A1807519 or EP-A2018431
A plant containing a transgene capable of reducing the expression and / or activity of the DP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) gene.

2) Plants containing a stress tolerance-enhancing transgene capable of reducing the expression and / or activity of the gene encoding PARG in plants or plant cells, as described in WO 2004/090140 as an example.

3) EP-A 1794306, WO 2006/133827, WO 2007/1 as examples
Nicotine, including nicotine amidase, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinate mononucleotide adenyltransferase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthase or nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, as described in 07326, EP-A 1999263 or WO 2007/107326 A plant containing a stress tolerance enhancing transgene encoding a plant functional enzyme of the salvage biosynthetic pathway of amide adenine dinucleotide.

Plants or plant cultivars (obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering, etc.) that can also be treated according to the present invention can be used to change the quantity, quality and / or storage stability of harvested products and / or harvested products. Changes in the properties of certain components of these, such as:
1) Wild-type physicochemical properties, especially amylose content or amylose / amylopectin ratio, degree of branching, average chain length, side chain distribution, viscosity behavior, gel strength, starch granule size and / or starch granule morphology A transgenic plant that synthesizes modified starch that is altered compared to starch synthesized in a plant cell or plant and is therefore more suitable for special applications. The transgenic plant for synthesizing modified starch is, for example, EP-A057.
1427, WO95 / 04826, EP-A0719338, WO96 / 15248, W
O96 / 19581, WO96 / 27674, WO97 / 11188, WO97 / 263
62, WO97 / 32985, WO97 / 42328, WO97 / 44472, WO97
/ 45545, WO98 / 27212, WO98 / 40503, WO99 / 58688,
WO99 / 58690, WO99 / 58654, WO00 / 08184, WO00 / 08
185, WO00 / 08175, WO00 / 28052, WO00 / 77229, WO0
1/12272, WO01 / 12826, WO02 / 101059, WO03 / 0718
60, WO04 / 055999, WO05 / 030942, WO2005 / 030941
, WO2005 / 095632, WO2005 / 095617, WO2005 / 0956
19, WO2005 / 095618, WO2005 / 123927, WO2006 / 01
8319, WO2006 / 103107, WO2006 / 108702, WO2007 /
009823, WO00 / 22140, WO2006 / 063862, WO2006 / 0
72603, WO02 / 034923, WO2008 / 017518, WO2008 / 0
80630, WO2008 / 080631, EP07090007.1, WO2008 /
090008, WO01 / 14569, WO02 / 79410, WO03 / 33540,
WO2004 / 078983, WO01 / 19975, WO95 / 26407, WO96
/ 34968, WO98 / 20145, WO99 / 12950, WO99 / 66050,
WO99 / 53072, US6,734,341, WO00 / 11192, WO98 / 2
2604, WO98 / 32326, WO01 / 98509, WO01 / 98509, WO
2005/002359, US 5,824,790, US 6,013,861, WO94
/ 04693, WO94 / 09144, WO94 / 11520, WO95 / 35026,
It is disclosed in WO97 / 20936, WO2010 / 012796, and WO2010 / 003701.

2) A transgenic plant that synthesizes non-starch carbohydrate polymers or synthesizes non-starch carbohydrate polymers that have altered properties compared to wild-type plants without genetic modification. An example is
EP-A 0 663 356, WO 96/01904, WO 96/21023, WO 98/3
A plant producing polyfructose as disclosed in 9460 and WO 99/24593, in particular inulin and levan type polyfructose, WO 95/31553,
US2002031826, US6,284,479, US5,712,107, WO9
7/47806, WO 97/47807, WO 97/47808 and WO 00/142
49. A plant producing alpha-1,4-glucan as disclosed in US Pat.
Plants producing alpha-1,6-branched alpha-1,4-glucan as disclosed in 73422, for example WO 00/47727, WO 00/73422, EP 0607
A plant that produces alternan as disclosed in 7301.7, US 5,908,975 and EP-A 0728213.

3) For example, WO2006 / 032538, WO2007 / 039314, WO2007 /
039315, WO2007 / 039316, JP-A2006-304779 and W
A transgenic plant producing hyaluronan as disclosed in O2005 / 012529.

4) As described in US patent application Ser. Nos. 12 / 020,360 and 61 / 054,026, for example, “high soluble solids content” “low hotness” (LP) and / or
Or transgenic plants or hybrid plants such as onions having properties such as "long-term storage" (LS)

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are plants with altered fiber properties, such as cotton plants. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such changes in fiber properties, including:
a) Plants containing a modified cellulose synthase gene, such as cotton plants, as described in WO 98/00549.

b) Variant rsw2 or r as described in WO2004 / 053219
Plants containing sw3 homologous nucleic acid, such as cotton plants.

c) Plants with increased expression of sucrose phosphate synthase, such as cotton plants, as described in WO01 / 17333.

d) Plants with increased expression of sucrose synthase, such as cotton plants, as described in WO 02/45485.

e) as described in WO2005 / 0117157, or WO2009 / 14
Plants in which the timing of protoplasmic gate opening and closing in the base of the fiber cells has been altered, for example cotton plants, through the down-regulation of fiber-selective β1,3-glucanase, for example as described in 31995.

f) As described in WO 2006/136351, for example N such as nodC
-Plants having fibers with altered reactivity through expression of the acetylglucosamine transferase gene and chitin synthase gene, such as cotton plants.

Plants or plant cultivars that can also be treated according to the present invention (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) are plants that have altered oil profile characteristics, such as rape or related Brassica. Such as plants.
Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such oil profile property changes, including:
a) by way of example US 5,969,169, US 5,840,946 or US 6,323
392 or US 6,063,947 as described in plants producing oils with high oleic acid content, such as rape plants.

b) Plants producing oils with low linolenic acid content, such as rape plants, as described in US 6,270,828, US 6,169,190 or US 5,965,755.

c) Plants producing oils with low levels of saturated fatty acids, such as rape plants, as described in US 5,434,283 or US patent application Ser. No. 12 / 668,303 by way of example.

Plants or plant cultivars (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) that can also be treated according to the present invention are plants that have altered seed shedding characteristics, such as rape or related Brassica. ) Plants. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation or by selection of plants containing mutations that confer such seed shattering characteristics changes, US Patent Application No. 61 / 135,230, WO2.
Examples include plants with delayed or reduced seed shedding, such as rape plants, as described in 009/068313 and WO2010 / 006732.

Plants or plant cultivars (which can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which can also be treated according to the invention are, for example, WO 2010/121.
Plants with altered post-translational protein modification patterns, such as tobacco plants, as described in 818 and WO2010 / 145846.

Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated by the present invention are transformation events or combinations of transformation events that are the subject of an application to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Quarantine Station (APHIS) for exemption in the United States. It does not matter whether the application has been approved or is still pending. From time to time, this information can be found in APHIS (470
0 River Road, Riverdale, MD 20737, USA), for example, the Internet site (URL http: //www.aphis.usda.g
ov / brs / not_reg. readily available on html). On the filing date of this application, applications for exemptions that were pending by APHIS or authorized by APHIS are:
It contained the following information:
-Application: Application identification number. A technical description of the transformation event can be found in the individual application documents available from APHIS on the APHIS website, for example, by reference to this application number. These descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

-Application extension: A reference to the previous application for which an extension is requested.

− Institution: Name of the entity that submitted the application.

-Regulated products: applicable plant species.

-Transgenic phenotype: A trait conferred to a plant by a transformation event.

-Transformation event or strain: the name of the event (s) for which exemption is being claimed (sometimes also referred to as strain (s)).

-APHIS Documents: Various documents issued by APHIS with respect to the application and can be charged to APHIS.

Further particularly useful plants containing a single transformation event or a combination of transformation events are listed, for example, in databases from various national or regional regulatory authorities (eg http: //gmoinfo.jrc). .It / gmp_brows
e. aspx and http: // www. agbios. com / dbbase. php
See).

Particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated by the present invention are those that contain transformation events or combinations of transformation events, such as listed in databases for regulatory authorities in various countries or regions. These include event 1143
-14A (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128569); event 1143-51B (cotta, insect control, not deposited, WO 20
Event 1445 (cotton, herbicide resistance, not deposited, described in US-A 2002-120964 or WO 02/034946); event 17053 (rice, herbicide resistance) , Deposited as PTA-9843, described in WO2010 / 117737); event 17314 (rice, herbicide resistance, deposited as PTA-9844, WO2010 / 117735)
Event 281-24-236 (cotton, insect control-herbicide resistance,
WO2005 / 103266 or US-A2 deposited as PTA-6233
005-216969); event 3006-210-23 (cotta,
Insect control-herbicide resistance, US-A2007-1 deposited as PTA-6233
43876 or WO 2005/103266); event 3272
(Corn, quality trait, deposited as PTA-9972, WO2006 / 0989
52 or US-A 2006-230473); event 40416
(Corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-11508, described in WO2011 / 075593); Event 43A47 (Corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, ATCC PTA-11509 deposited WO201
Event 5307 (cone, insect control, ATC)
C PTA-9561, described in WO2010 / 0777816); Event ASR-368 (Bentgrass, herbicide resistance, ATCC PTA-4
US-A 2006-162007 or WO 2004/0, deposited as 816
Event B16 (corn, herbicide resistance, not deposited, described in US-A 2003-126634); event BPS-CV1
27-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No. 41603,
WO 2010/080829); Event CE43-67B (Wata,
Insect control, US-A2009-2174, deposited as DSM ACC2724
23 or WO 2006/128573); event CE44-69
D (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2010-0024077); event CE44-69D (cotta, insect control, not deposited, WO 20
Event CE46-02A (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128572); event CO
T102 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in US-A 2006-130175 or WO 2004/039986); event COT202 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, US-A 2007-066786 or WO 2005 / 054
Event COT203 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2005 / 054480); event DAS40278 (corn, herbicide resistant, deposited as ATCC PTA-10244) WO2011
Event DAS-59122-7 (cone, insect control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA 11384, US-A20
Event DAS-59132 (corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, not deposited, described in WO2009 / 100188); event DAS68416 (soybean, herbicide resistance, Event DP-098140-6 (corn, herbicide tolerance, ATCC, deposited in AT2011 PTA-10442, described in WO2011 / 066384 or WO2011 / 066360)
US-A 2009-137395 or WO deposited as PTA-8296
Event DP-305423-1 (soybean, quality traits, not deposited, US-A 2008-312082 or WO 2008)
Event DP-32138-1 (cone, crossbred, deposited as ATCC PTA-9158, US-A 2009-021097)
0 or WO 2009/103049); event DP-3560
43-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, U
S-A 2010-0184079 or WO 2008/002872); event EE-1 (brinjal, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2007/091277); event FI 117 (corn , Herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC 209031, US-A 2006-0595
81 or WO 98/044140); event GA21 (cone,
Herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, US-A 2005-086
719 or WO 98/044140); event GG25 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209032, US-A 2005-18
8434 or WO 98/044140); event GHB119 (
Cotton, insect control-herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8398, WO
Event GHB614 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6878, US-A2010-05028).
2 or described in WO 2007/017186); event GJ11 (corn, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209030, US-A 2005-18
8434 or WO 98/044140); event GM RZ13
(Wa20, deposited as sugar beet, virus resistance, NCIMB-41601
Event H7-1 (sugar beet, herbicide tolerance,
US-A, deposited as NCIMB 41158 or NCIMB 41159
2004-172669 or WO 2004/074492); event JOPLIN1 (wheat, disease resistance, not deposited, US-A 2008-064)
032; event LL27 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, NCIMB41)
WO2006 / 108674 or US-A2008-3, deposited as 658
Event LL55 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, NCIMB)
WO 2006/108675 or US-A200, deposited as 41660
Event LLcotton 25 (cotton, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3343, described in WO03 / 013224 or US-A2003-097687); event LLRICE06 (
Rice, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC-23352, US 6,468,74
7 or WO 00/026345); event LLRICE 601 (
Rice, herbicide tolerance, US-A200 deposited as ATCC PTA-2600
8-2289060 or WO00 / 026356); event LY
038 (cone, quality trait, US-deposited as ATCC PTA-5623, US-
A2007-028322 or WO2005 / 061720); Event MIR162 (cone, insect control, deposited as PTA-8166, US
-Described in A2009-300784 or WO2007 / 142840);
Event MIR604 (corn, insect control, not deposited, US-A 2008-16
7456 or WO2005 / 103301); event MON15
985 (US-A, deposited as cotton, insect control, ATCC PTA-2516
2004-250317 or WO02 / 100163); event MON810 (corn, insect control, not deposited, US-A 2002-102582)
Event MON863 (cone, insect control, ATCC PTA-)
WO 2004/011601 or US-A 2006, deposited as 2605
095986; event MON87427 (cone, pollination control, A
Event MON87460 (cone, stress tolerance, ATCC PTA-deposited as TCC PTA-7899, described in WO2011 / 062904)
WO2009 / 111126 or US-A20111, deposited as 8910
0138504); event MON87701 (soybean, insect control,
Event MON87705 (soy, quality trait-herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-9241, US deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, described in US-A 2009-130071 or WO 2009/064652)
-Described in A2010-0080887 or WO2010 / 037016)
Event MON87708 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA 9670, described in WO2011 / 034704); event MON87
754 (soybean, quality trait, deposited as ATCC PTA-9385, WO2
MON877769 (deposited as soybean, quality trait, ATCC PTA-8911, US-A2011-0067)
141 or WO2009 / 102873); event MON880
17 (corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-5582, described in US-A 2008-028482 or WO 2005/059103); event MON 88913 (cotton, herbicide resistance, ATCC PTA- WO2004 / 072235 or US-A2006-05959, deposited as 4854
Event MON89034 (cone, insect control, ATCC P
WO 2007/140256 or US-A20 deposited as TA-7455
Event MON89788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-6708, US-A 2006-2829)
15 or described in WO 2006/130436); event MS11 (as described in WO01 / 031042, deposited as rape, pollination control-herbicide tolerance, ATCC PTA-850 or PTA-2485); Event MS8 (rape, pollination control-herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, WO0
Event NK603 (cone, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-2478, described in US-A 2007-292854); event PE-7 (rice, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2008 / 114282); event RF3 (rape, pollination control-herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-730, WO01 / 041558 Or described in US-A 2003-188347); event RT73 (rape, herbicide resistance, not deposited, WO 02/036)
831 or US-A 2008-070260); event T227
-1 (sugar beet, herbicide resistance, not deposited, WO 02/44407 or US-A
2009-265817); event T25 (corn, herbicide tolerance,
Not deposited, described in US-A 2001-029014 or WO 01/051654); event T304-40 (cotton, insect control-herbicide resistance, ATCC
US-A2010-077501 or WO2 deposited as PTA-8171
Event T342-142 (cotton, insect control, not deposited, described in WO 2006/128568); event T
C1507 (corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, not deposited, US-A 2005-0
39226 or WO 2004/099447); event VIP1
034 (corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-3925, described in WO 03/052073), event 32316 (corn, insect control-herbicide resistance, deposited as PTA-11507) WO2011 / 084
632), event 4114 (corn, insect control—herbicide resistance, PT
A-11506, which is described in WO2011 / 084621).

Very particularly useful transgenic plants that can be treated according to the present invention are plants containing transformation events or combinations of transformation events, such as listed in databases for various national or regional regulatory authorities. And event B
PS-CV127-9 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB No. 41603, described in WO2010 / 080829); event DAS684
16 (soybean, herbicide resistance, deposited as ATCC PTA-10442, WO
Event DP-356043-5 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC PTA-8287, US-A2010-0184079 or WO2008 / 002872).
Event EE-1 (Brinjal, insect control, not deposited, described in WO2007 / 091277); Event FI117 (corn, herbicide resistant, ATCC 209031) , US-A 2006-0595
81 or WO 98/044140); event GA21 (cone,
Herbicide tolerance, deposited as ATCC 209033, US-A 2005-086
719 or WO 98/044140), Event LL27 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41658, WO 2006/10867
4 or US-A 2008-320616); Event LL55 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, deposited as NCIMB 41660, WO 2006/10
8675 or US-A 2008-196127); event MON
87701 (soybean, insect control, deposited as ATCC PTA-8194, U
S-A2009-130071 or WO2009 / 064652)
Event MON87705 (soybean, quality trait-herbicide tolerance, ATCC PTA-92
US-A2010-0080887 or WO2010 / 0, deposited as 41
Event MON87708 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, A
Event MON87754 (soybean, quality trait, ATCC PTA-938, deposited as TCC PTA 9670, described in WO2011 / 034704)
Event MON87769 (deposited as soybean, quality trait, ATCC PTA-8911, US-A2011-0067141 or WO2009 / 102873, deposited as 5) Event MON89788 (soybean, herbicide tolerance, ATCC PTA-670)
US-A 2006-282915 or WO 2006/130, deposited as 8
436).

  Particularly preferred is transgenic soybean.

Application rate and timing When the combination or composition of the invention is used as a fungicide, the application rate can be varied within a relatively wide range, depending on the type of application. The application rate of the combination or composition of the invention is:
In the case of treatment of plant parts, for example leaves: 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 10
To 1000 g / ha, more preferably 10 to 800 g / ha, still more preferably 5
0 to 300 g / ha (when applied by irrigation or instillation, it is still possible to reduce the application rate, especially when inert substrates such as rock wool or perlite are used);
For seed treatment: 2 to 200 g per 100 kg seed, preferably 3 to 150 g per 100 kg seed, more preferably 2.5 to 25 g per 100 kg seed,
Even more preferably 2.5 to 12.5 g per 100 kg seed;
In the case of soil treatment: 0.1 to 10,000 g / ha, preferably 1 to 5000 g / h
a
It is.

These application rates are merely exemplary and do not limit the purpose of the present invention.

The combination or composition of the invention can therefore be used to protect plants from attack by the mentioned pathogens for a certain period of time after treatment. The period during which protection is provided is generally 1 to 84 days after treatment of the plants with the combination or composition, preferably 1
For 1 to 28 days, more preferably 1 to 28 days, most preferably 1 to 14 days, or up to 200 days after seed treatment.

The treatment method according to the invention also provides for simultaneous, separate or sequential use or application of the combination partners (A) and (B). If single active ingredients are applied continuously, i.e. at different times, they are applied in sequence within a reasonably short period of time, e.g. hours or days. Preferably, the order of applying compounds (A) and (B) is:
It is not essential for the present invention to function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the combination partners (A) and (B) are applied simultaneously or sequentially.

The listed plants can be treated particularly advantageously according to the invention using the combinations or compositions of the invention. The preferred ranges described above for the combination or composition also apply to the treatment of these plants. Of particular emphasis is the treatment of plants with the combinations or compositions specifically mentioned in the text.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the combination or composition according to the present invention, the ratio A / B of the compounds can be advantageously chosen to produce a synergistic effect. The term synergy is, among other things, the title “Calculation of the synergy” by Colby.
stic and antagonistic responses of herbi
side combinations "Weeds, (1967), 15, page 20.
It is understood to mean what is defined in the -22 paper.

The latter paper has the formula:

Where E represents the expected percentage of pest inhibition for a combination of two compounds at a defined dose (eg, equal to x and y, respectively), and X is defined Is the percentage of inhibition observed against the pest by compound (A) at the dose (equal to x), Y is observed against the pest by compound (B) at the defined dose (equal to y) The percentage of inhibition made. If the percentage of inhibition observed for the combination is greater than E, there is a synergistic effect.

The term “synergistic effect” also refers to the method of Tammes, “Isoboles, a graph.
ic representation of synthesis in pestic
ides ", Netherlands Journal of Plant Path
It also means an effect defined by application of log, 70 (1964), pages 73-80.

The synergistic effect of the fungicide is always present when the fungicidal action of the active compound combination exceeds the expected activity of the active compound.

The expected fungicidal action for a given combination of 2 or 3 active compounds is as follows: R. Colby ("Calculating Synergistic
and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide
Combinations ", Weeds 1967 , 15 , 20-22):
X is the efficacy when active compound A was used at an application rate of m g / ha,
Y is the efficacy when active compound B was used at an application rate of n g / ha,
If E is the efficacy when active compounds A and B were used at an application rate of m and n g / ha,
E = X + Y- (X * Y) / 100
It is.

Here, efficacy is determined in%. 0% means efficacy corresponding to that of the control, 100
% Efficacy means no infection is observed.

If the actual fungicidal action exceeds the calculated value, the combined action is super-additive, ie there is a synergistic effect. In this case, the actually observed efficacy necessarily exceeds the value calculated using the above formula for expected efficacy (E).

The invention is illustrated by the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Puccinia triticina-test (com
G) / prophylactic solvent: 49 parts by weight of N, N-dimethylacetamide emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether 1 part by weight of active compound in order to produce a suitable formulation of active compound Alternatively, the active compound combination is mixed with a defined amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, seedlings are sprayed with a formulation of active compound or active compound combination at a defined application rate.

After the spray coating has dried, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of P. aeruginosa. The plants are left in the incubation cabinet for 48 hours at about 20 ° C. and about 100% atmospheric relative humidity.

  Plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 20 ° C. and an atmospheric relative humidity of about 80%.

The test is evaluated 8 days after inoculation. 0% means potency corresponding to that of the untreated control, 100% potency means no disease is observed.

The table below clearly shows that the observed activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention is higher than the calculated activity, ie there is a synergistic effect.

Table 1: Pussinia Triticina test (wheat) / preventive

Example 2 Leptosphaeria nodrum trial
Experimental / Prophylactic Solvent: 49 parts by weight of N, N-dimethylacetamide emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether To produce a suitable formulation of the active compound, 1 part by weight The active compound or active compound combination is mixed with a defined amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, seedlings are sprayed with a formulation of active compound or active compound combination at a defined application rate.

After the spray coating has dried, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of Leptoferia nodrum. The plants are left in the incubation cabinet for 48 hours at about 20 ° C. and about 100% atmospheric relative humidity.

  The plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 22 ° C. and an atmospheric relative humidity of about 80%.

The test is evaluated 8 days after inoculation. 0% means potency corresponding to that of the untreated control, 100% potency means no disease is observed.

The table below clearly shows that the observed activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention is higher than the calculated activity, ie there is a synergistic effect.

Table 2. Leptosferia nodrum test (wheat) / preventive

Example 3 Septoria tritici-test (wheat) /
Prophylactic solvent: 49 parts by weight of N, N-dimethylacetamide emulsifier: 1 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether 1 part by weight of active compound or active compound to produce a suitable formulation of active compound The combination is mixed with a defined amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, seedlings are sprayed with a formulation of active compound or active compound combination at a defined application rate.

After the spray coating has dried, the plants are sprayed with a spore suspension of Septoria tritici. Plants are left in an incubation cabinet for 48 hours at about 20 ° C. and about 100% atmospheric relative humidity, followed by about 15 ° C. in a translucent incubation cabinet for about 60 hours at about 100% atmospheric relative humidity. .

  The plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 15 ° C. and an atmospheric relative humidity of about 80%.

The test is evaluated 21 days after inoculation. 0% means potency corresponding to that of the untreated control, 100% potency means no disease is observed.

The table below clearly shows that the observed activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention is higher than the calculated activity, ie there is a synergistic effect.

Table 3: Septoria Tritici test (wheat) / preventive

Example 4 Blumeria test (barley) / prophylactic solvent: 49 parts by weight N, N-dimethylacetamide emulsifier: 1 part by weight alkylaryl polyglycol ether 1 part by weight to produce a suitable formulation of the active compound Part of the active compound or active compound combination is mixed with a defined amount of solvent and emulsifier and the concentrate is diluted with water to the desired concentration.

To test for prophylactic activity, seedlings are sprayed with a formulation of active compound or active compound combination at a defined application rate.

After the spray coating has dried, the plants are sprinkled with spores of Blumeria graminis f. Sp.

Plants are placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 18 ° C. and an atmospheric relative humidity of about 80% to promote the development of powdery mildew paste.

The test is evaluated 7 days after inoculation. 0% means potency corresponding to that of the untreated control, 100% potency means no disease is observed.

The table below clearly shows that the observed activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention is higher than the calculated activity, ie there is a synergistic effect.

Table 4: Blumeria study (barley) / preventive

Claims (12)

A group of host defense inducers selected from (A) isotianil and (B) at least one additional compound selected from the group consisting of: (B1) thiazinyl (2.1) and probenazole (2.2) And (B2) a member of the group of other fungicides selected from (B2) isopyrazam (2.3) and propiconazole (2.4). The composition according to claim 1, comprising combination partner (A) :( B) in a weight ratio of 1:25 to 25: 1. A method of preparing a composition comprising mixing a synergistically effective combination according to claim 1 or 2 with a bulking agent, a surfactant or a combination thereof. A method for controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, comprising contacting the microorganisms or their habitat with the composition according to claim 1 or 2. A phytopathogenic bacterium is Acidborax abenae in rice
avenae) and / or Burkholderia Gramae (Burkholderia)
glumae), a Candida riviberacter species in citrus (Candida)
tus Liberbacter spec. ) And / or Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic citri (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.c)
itri), Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic actiniidae (Pseu) in Kiwi
domonas syringae pv. actinidae), Xanthomonas campestris in peach and / or
Or Xanthomonas campestris pathogenic pruni (Xanthomonas cam)
pestris pv. pruni), Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea in soybean
And / or Xanthomonas axonopodis pathogenic glycine (Xanthomo)
nas axonopodis pv. glycines), Burkholderia sp. and / or Xanthomonas translucens in cereals, Pseudomonas syringae p.
. tomato and / or Xanthomonas campestris
as campestris), Pseudomonas syringae (Pse) in cucumber
udomonas syringae) and / or Pseudomonas syringae pathogenic lacrimans (Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachryma)
ns), Erwinia attro in potato
septica, Erwinia caratovora (Erwinia caratovora)
) And / or Streptomyces sca
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method is selected from bis). 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, comprising applying the combination partners (A) and (B) simultaneously or sequentially. In the case of foliar and soil treatment, the amount of the composition of claim 1 or 2 is from 0.1 g / ha to 10
The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, which is kg / ha. A method for treating seed, including transgenic seed, wherein said seed is claimed in claim 1 or 2.
Contacting with the composition of claim 1. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the amount of the composition of claim 1 or 2 is 2 to 200 g / 100 kg seed. 10. A method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at the same time as it is treated with component (s) (B). 10. A method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the seed is treated with component (A) at a different time than is treated with component (s) (B).   Seeds including transgenic seed treated with the composition according to claim 1 or 2.